课时测评14 Reading and Thinking-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

课时测评14　Reading and Thinking

(时间：45分钟　满分：57.5分)

[基础语境练]

Ⅰ.根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共8分)

1．Police insisted that Michael did not follow the correct procedure(程序；步骤)in applying for a visa.

2．The trainees practiced emergency procedures in the flight module(舱).

3．I want to be an astronaut(宇航员)，traveling to the moon in a spacecraft.

4．The satellite(人造卫星)enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world.

5．With no gravity (重力)，it's just as easy to pedal.

6．The driver managed to escape from the vehicle(车辆)and shouted for help.

7．Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and mental health.

8．She signal(l)ed a passing taxi and asked him to take her to the railway station.

Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共5分)

1．Her intelligence (intelligent) was evident from an early age，solving complex puzzles that even adults found challenging.

2．The scientist spoke about the universal (universe) laws of physics，which apply everywhere in the universe.

3．His determination (determine) was evident in his eyes，promising himself to win the championship despite the challenges.

4．She felt deeply disappointed (disappoint) when the summer camp was canceled，but she found other ways to enjoy her vacation.

5．The young eagle struggled at first，but it quickly became independent (independence)，learning to fly on its own.

Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题3分，共12分)

1．不但他而且我都得为此负责。(not only...but also...)

Not only he but also I am responsible for it.

2．他的母亲希望他出国。(desire that...)

His mother desires that he(should)go abroad．

3．要做的第二件事是我们应该与其他人和睦相处。(动词不定式短语作定语)

The second thing to do is that we should get along well with others.

4．我们早早来到报告厅，以便能坐在前排座位。(so as to...)

We arrived early at the lecture hall so as to sit in the front seats．

[素能提升练]

Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)

A

(2025·陕西省铜川市高一期末)

By 2035，NASA wants to land humans on Mars.But reaching the red planet，on average around 140 million miles away，will be difficult.Colder than Antarctica and with little to no oxygen，Mars is an unfriendly environment.Besides，the longer it takes astronauts to get there and the longer they stay，the more they are at risk.

That's why scientists are looking at ways to reduce trip time.Seattle-based company Ultra Safe Nuclear Technologies (USNC-Tech) has offered a solution: an NTP engine that could get humans from Earth to Mars in just three months.Such an engine takes advantage of nuclear technology.Currently，the shortest possible trip for an unmanned spacecraft is seven months，but a manned mission is expected to take at least nine months.Shorter missions would limit the astronaut's exposure to space radiation，but there is still concern about the radiation sent out from the nuclear reactor inside the spacecraft.This would be mitigated through the rocket's design.

To protect people on the ground，the NTP spacecraft would not lift off directly from Earth，Jeff Sheehy，a NASA scientist，adds.Instead，a regular chemical rocket would carry it into orbit，and only then would it fire up its nuclear reactor.Once in orbit，it could do little harm，as heat radiation cannot move through a vacuum (真空).If disaster hit and the rocket's reactor broke up，the pieces would not land on Earth—or any other planet — for thousands of years.By that time，the radioactive substance would have “naturally got to the point where it wasn't dangerous anymore”．

Michael Eades，director of engineering at USNC-Tech，says that nuclear-powered rockets would be more powerful and twice as efficient as the chemical engines used

today，meaning they could travel further and faster，while burning less fuel.“Nuclear-powered rockets will be key to opening up the solar system but it could be at least two decades before they are used widely，” he says，adding that numerous demonstrations and tests would need to be carried out before an astronaut is sent to Mars in an NTP rocket.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，讨论了NASA计划在2035年将人类送上火星的挑战，以及Ultra Safe Nuclear Technologies (USNC-Tech)公司提出的利用核热推进(NTP)引擎来缩短地球到火星的旅行时间。

1．What does the underlined word “mitigated” in Paragraph 2 mean ?

A．Shortened.    B．Relieved.

C．Achieved.    D．Simplified.

答案：B

解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Shorter missions...through the rocket's design.”可知，缩短任务时间会减少宇航员暴露在太空辐射中的时间，但依然有人担心航天器内核反应堆的辐射。后文提到这种辐射问题将通过火箭的设计来缓解，由此可推测“mitigated”意思是“减轻，缓和”。选项B“relieved”与“mitigated”意思相近，故选B项。

2．Why is the NTP spacecraft safe according to the text?

A．It barely spreads radiation in orbit.

B．Its radioactive substance will disappear soon.

C．Its broken reactor will be left on Mars.

D．It doesn't give out unclear radiation in space.

答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Once in orbit，it could do little harm，as heat radiation cannot move through a vacuum.”可知，NTP航天器一旦进入轨道，它几乎不会传播辐射，所以它是安全的。故选A项。

3．What do Michael Eades' words indicate about the NTP spacecraft?

A．It will fly to Mars without astronauts for tests.