Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦“限制性定语从句(3)”，涵盖与非限制性从句的区别、关系代词that的七种用法、关系词省略及“介词+关系代词”结构。课堂通过“语法串烧”短文让学生感知加黑从句，再以“我的发现”引导自主归纳关系词作用，构建从感知到分析的学习支架。 其亮点在于将语法学习与“文化遗产”主题结合，如阅读理解中Meera保护遗产、庞贝古城考古等语篇，渗透文化意识。“巧学活用”练习结合高考真题，提升语言能力，“我的发现”环节培养思维品质，知识网络梳理结构。学生能巩固语法并增强文化理解，教师可依托系统资源高效开展素养导向教学。

UNIT 1　CULTURAL HERITAGE 主题语境：人与社会之文化遗产 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures ——限制性定语从句(3) 内容索引 语法详解 细分析 1 课时测评 2 语法详解 细分析 返回 阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的练习 语法串烧 　　There was a time ①during which I was tired of learning English. Fortunately，my tutor ②whose duty was to help the students in trouble often communicated with me face to face.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers ③who came from other schools，and take part in a series of activities ④which were designed for teenagers.Now，I feel it interesting to learn English and have formed the habit of reading English every day and often take an active part in English Corner ⑤where I can make many new friends ⑥who love to learn English.Now comes a time ⑦when I have fallen in love with English. 我的发现 1.①⑦的先行词是表示时间的词_______，①是_______________引导的定语从句，⑦是关系副词when引导的定语从句，引导词都在定语从句中作_____。 2．②的先行词是表示人的名词，关系代词whose在定语从句中作_____。 3．③④⑥的先行词是表示人或物的名词，关系代词在从句中作的都是_____，不能省略。 4．⑤的先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在定语从句中作_____，所以用关系副词引导定语从句。 a time 介词＋关系代词 状语　 定语　 主语　 状语 NO.1　限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 一、限制性定语从句 它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I am writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. 我写信是想和你分享上周五我在公园里上的一堂美术课。 二、非限制性定语从句 它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。 (2024·浙江1月卷)Lastly，The “Stand Up and Stretch” exercise promotes a healthy and active lifestyle，which is essential for all of us. 最后，站起来做伸展运动促进了健康积极的生活方式，这对我们大家都至关重要。 巧学活用1——完成句子 ①The house，______________________(我去年买的)，has a lovely garden. ②The time _________________________(我第一次遇见Mr.White时) was a very difficult period of my life. which I bought last year when I first met Mr.White NO.2　限制性定语从句的三种用法 一、定语从句中关系代词用that不用which的七种情况 (1)当先行词是all，much，little，few，nothing，everything 等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 There is nothing that we can do now. 现在我们什么也做不了。 (2)当先行词被the only，the last，the very等修饰时。 This is the very book that I want. 这正是我想要的书。 (3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself. 当前的时光是你能给自己的最好的礼物。 (4)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 Don't trust the first sign that you see. 不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。 (5)当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 My mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈论了一些她们记忆中学校里的人和事。 (6)当主句的主语是疑问词which时。 Which is the car that you bought last week? 你上周买的哪辆车？ (7)当先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 巧学活用2——写出下面定语从句中使用关系代词that的原因 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range... _________________________________ ②This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. ___________________________________________________ ③This is the only thing that we can do now. _____________________________ ④The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. ________________________________________________________________ 先行词the species被不定代词all修饰　 先行词football games前面有最高级the most exciting修饰　 先行词thing前面有the only修饰　 先行词为既有表示人(The scientist)又有表示物(his achievements)的名词 二、定语从句中关系词可以省略的三种情况 (1)当定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词通常省略。 I have taken with me the two books (that/which) you asked me to return to the City Library. 我把你要我送还给市图书馆的那两本书带走了。 (2)当先行词是way，time等且它们在定语从句中分别作方式和时间状语时，它们后面的定语从句的相应的关系词that/in which，when等可以省略。 The way (that/in which) you look at the problem is wrong. 你看待问题的方式是错误的。 The second time (when) I saw him was in 1980. 我第二次见到他是在1980年。 (3)当由and，but，or等并列连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词时，第一个关系词可以省略，但第二个及以后的关系词一般不可以省略。 This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I found very interesting. 这就是我昨天读的那本书，我发现它很有趣。 巧学活用3——补全省略的关系词 ①I don't know the exact time (_____) the sports meet will take place. ②The exact year (__________) Angela and her family spent together in China is 2008. ③That was the way (____________) she worked the problem out. ④The man (______) you spoke to just now is our English teacher. ⑤I believe the reason (_________) Mary gave for her absence from the school. when　 which/that　 in which/that　 whom　 that/which 三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 (1)五种构成形式 构成 句法功能 用法指津 名词(代词)＋介词＋关系代词 主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构 数词(形容词最高级)＋of＋关系代词 主语 数词还可以用some，many，most，each等不定代词替换 介词(短语)＋关系代词 状语 关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可与关系副词互换 介词＋关系代词＋名词 状语 关系代词常用which 和whose 介词＋关系副词 状语 有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from或to Recently，I bought an ancient vase，the price of which/whose price/of which the price was very reasonable. 最近，我买了一个古董花瓶，它的价格很合理。 He has ten cousins，the youngest of whom is very clever. 他有十个表兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。 Rose is the person about whom you should care. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。 There is a big window in my room from where I can see the railway station. 我的房间有一个大窗户，透过它我可以看到火车站。 (2)选用介词的四个依据 ①根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语) Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因……而出名”) ②根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语) This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”) ③根据句子的意思来选择 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。 ④表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。 I have about 10 books half of which were written by the famous writer. 我有大约10本书，其中一半是这位著名作家写的。 温馨提示　在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after，look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正) The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误) 巧学活用4 (1)用“介词＋关系代词”填空 ①The tower _________ people can have a good view is on the hill. ②We live in an age _________ everyone values time very much. ③Gun control is a subject ____________ Americans argued for a long time. ④I wanted to find someone __________ I could discuss books and music. ⑤The reason __________ she did it is that she wouldn't let her parents disappointed. on which　 in which　 about which　 with whom for which (2)用“介词＋关系代词”完成句子 ⑥This is my pair of glasses，_____________________________(没有它我看不清楚). ⑦我永远也忘不了我在农村度过的孩童时代。 _____________________________________________________________________________ ⑧那个小女孩正在读一本书，书中有很多图画。 _______________________________________________________ without which I can't see clearly I will never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the countryside. The little girl is reading a book in which there are many pictures. 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 Ⅰ.用定语从句把下面的句子合并起来(每小题1分，共5分) 1．Do you remember the place? We all used to meet there. ________________________________________________________ 2．She is an artist.I am quite familiar with her works. _______________________________________________ 3．There are a number of protests.We are considering them. ______________________________________________________ Do you remember the place in which/where we all used to meet ? She is an artist whose works I am quite familiar with. There are a number of protests (that/which) we are considering. 4．A plane crashed into the sea.It may have been a terrorist target. ______________________________________________________________ 5．You were playing some music.It sounded very familiar. _______________________________________________________ A plane that/which may have been a terrorist target crashed into the sea. Some music that/which you were playing sounded very familiar. Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共18分) 1．据我所知，他是一个很难相处的人。 As far as I know，he is a man ____________________________． 2．这就是我奶奶照顾的那个婴儿。 This is the baby _________________________________． 3．他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。 The reason __________________________________ is not clear. 4．我们学校有3 000多名学生，大多数都能用心学习。 There are more than 3，000 students in our school，the majority ___________ ____________________________． who/that is hard to get along with whom/that my grandma takes care of for which/why he refused the invitation of whom can put their hearts into their studies 5．我们生活在一个比以前任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。 We live in an age __________________________________________________ ___________________． 6．我渴望参加将于6月19日在学校报告厅举行的活动。 I desire to take part in the activity ____________________________________ _____________________． at which/when more information is available with greater ease than ever before which/that will be held in the school lecture hall on June 19 Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题3分，共18分) 根据汉语提示，用定语从句完成语段 　　Mrs Wang is our English teacher，a young lady 1___________________ _______________ (她总是鼓励我们) to study hard. Besides，she often spares her money to help the students 2___________________________ (他们的家庭很贫穷).I believe that is the reason 3___________________________ (她为何深受大家喜爱).After graduating，she works in our school 4_______________ (我们将在那里生活) for three years.In 2022，she had a lovely baby，which made her very happy.We will 5________________ (做我们能做的一切) and we will never forget 6____________________________ (我们在一起的日子). who is always encouraging us whose families are very poor why she is deeply loved by all where we will live do all that we can the days when we are together 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·江西师大附中高一检测) Raised in Bengaluru，Meera has always showed a keen interest in exploring the city's rich heritage.She used to visit many lesser-known structures around the city.As an enthusiast，she enjoyed uncovering these hidden treasures and had always longed to make a meaningful contribution. When she grew up，Meera worked as a writer，focusing on topics related to forests and science.She initially pursued writing before discovering her true passion for heritage preservation. A key moment that redirected her career path was a visit to Devanahalli Fort.During her visit，she realized that there was a lack of information online about its history and heritage.The significance of this place was not only historical but also architectural.But there，she was shocked that it seemed as if no one even knew about it. To preserve the forgotten heritage，she joined INTACH，a non-profit organization dedicated to the conservation of unprotected architectural heritage all over India.There are thousands of monuments in the country protected by the government.However，there are also small temples，buildings，schools，and homes that hold historical significance but are ignored.Besides restoration and preservation，they host heritage talks to familiarize people with their city's heritage.While they do welcome tourists and travelers，their emphasis on engaging the local population is evident.The organization also hosts several heritage walks to spread awareness about the hidden heritage.Also，the team starts from looking for a prospective building，then securing funding and then finding architects and engineers that are ideal for the project. In the past years，they have restored buildings in and around Bengaluru such as Mayo Hall，Tipu's Armoury，Gangubai Hangal，Museum，the Old OPD Building at NIMHANS which is now a museum，the Oriental Research Institute in Mysuru among others. They face many issues，with funding being the major challenge. However，she felt jammy enough to find enthusiastic individuals wanting to contribute as well as government funding here and there. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Meera在去Devanahalli Fort的旅行中发现网上缺少关于这个地方的历史与遗迹的信息，受此启发，她开始致力于修复和保护被忽视的历史遗迹。 1．What does Meera truly love? A．Writing articles. B．Protecting heritage. C．Studying science. D．Exploring forests. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段的“She initially pursued writing before discovering her true passion for heritage preservation.”可知，她真正的爱好是遗迹保护。故选B。 2．What made Meera surprised about Devanahalli Fort? A．It had such a long history. B．Its heritage was well protected. C．Its history and heritage were unknown. D．It was of great architectural importance. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段的“During her visit...as if no one even knew about it.”可知，网上缺少关于Devanahalli Fort历史与遗迹的信息，Devanahalli Fort有着重要的历史和建筑意义，但似乎没有人知道这个地方，对此她感到惊讶。故选C。 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Meera and the team? A．Their advantages. B．Their efforts. C．Their difficulties. D．Their spirits. √ 段落大意题。本段主要介绍了Meera加入了致力于保护被忽略的历史遗迹的组织，除了修复和保护历史遗迹，他们还举办活动让人们了解这些历史遗迹。即，本段告诉我们为了保护历史遗迹INTACH这个机构团体以及Meera所做的努力。故选B。 4．What does the underlined word “jammy” mean in the last paragraph? A．Upset. B．Anxious. C．Fortunate. D．Familiar. √ 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“They face many issues，with funding being the major challenge.”可知，他们面临很多问题，筹资是主要困难。再根据表示转折的However可知，她感到非常幸运，因为可以得到个人和政府的捐助。所以画线单词的意思为“幸运的”。故选C。 B (2025·福建省福州市高一期末) Gladiator (角斗士) stick figures drawn by young children more than 2，000 years ago have been unearthed in the Ancient Roman city of Pompeii. Archaeologists discovered the figures drawn by children as young as six while digging the ruins of Pompeii，an ancient city near Naples，which described gladiators fighting in battle.Archaeologists also found the outlines of three small hands，two figures playing with a ball，a hunting scene possibly featuring a wild pig，and two fighters，one of whom is lying flat on the ground. “The drawings were found on the wall of a house known as the ‘Colonnaded Cenacle’ and were probably done by children aged six or seven，” said site director Dr Gabriel Zuchtriegel.Scientists in Naples believed the sketches were drawings of things the children had seen，rather than imagined. “In Pompeii，even young children were exposed to extreme violence between humans and between humans and animals in the sands of the ancient city，” Dr Zuchtriegel said. Gladiator fights were a popular form of entertainment in Ancient Rome. Gladiators were fighters who battled one another or animals in a public outdoor stadium called amphitheatre.Many gladiators were slaves (奴隶) who had been purchased by wealthy businessmen and made to light.The people of Pompeii and other Roman cities regularly filled the amphitheatre to watch the bloody battles much in the same way modern folk gather together to stadiums to watch football games. Other discoveries this week included a unique painting of a child with a small dog at his feet，found in the so-called “House of the Painters at Work”．At the entrance of that house，the skeletons (骨骼) of a man and a woman were discovered，an elderly couple that had probably tried to take shelter during the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79AD—a disaster that destroyed the entire city completely. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在古罗马城市庞贝的遗址中发现了2 000多年前由儿童绘制的角斗士图画，以及其他一些考古发现。 5．What do the figures mainly describe? A．Family events. B．Gladiator battles. C．Daily life activities. D．Imaginary creatures. √ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Archaeologists...gladiators fighting in battle.”可知，这些图画主要描述的是角斗士的战斗，故选B。 6．What did the children likely base their drawings on? A．School lessons. B．Their imagination. C．Stories told by adults. D．Things they observed. √ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Scientists ...rather than imagined.”可推知，儿童们的画作很可能是基于他们观察到的事物，故选D。 7．What can be inferred about the skeletons found at the house entrance? A．They died in a battle. B．They were in poor health. C．They were seeking safety. D．They were visitors to the city. √ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“At the entrance...the entire city completely.”可推知，这对夫妇可能是在寻找安全的地方，故选C。 8．What's the best title for the text? A．The Daily Life of Ancient Pompeii B．Recent Archaeological Finds in Pompeii C．The Role of Gladiators in Roman Society D．Natural Disasters in Ancient Civilizations √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Gladiator...the Ancient Roman city of Pompeii.”可知，本文主要介绍了在古罗马城市庞贝的遗址中发现了2 000多年前由儿童绘制的角斗士图画，以及其他一些考古发现。所以本文的最佳标题为“庞贝的最新考古发现”。故选B。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) (2025·云南省昆明市高一检测) Zhoushan Fishing Folk Painting，originating from Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province，is a vibrant (充满活力的) and unique art form in order 1_________ (show) the essence of seafaring life.This folk art style 2 __________ (beautiful) describes scenes of fishing boats at sea，busy harbors，and diverse marine life through bold brushstrokes and vivid colors.The artists，many of whom 3______ (be) fishermen themselves，draw inspiration (灵感) from their personal experiences 4 the rich cultural heritage of the region. to show beautifully are and The artists begin with a detailed sketch，5 (outline) the main elements and composition of the painting.Artists then fill in these outlines with bright，symbolic colors such as red，blue，and yellow，6 not only make the artwork visually striking but also convey themes of prosperity，good fortune，and happiness.Each stroke reflects the artist's deep 7__________ (connect) to the sea and his/ her way of life. outlining which connection Zhoushan Fishing Folk Painting has gained recognition both locally and internationally for 8 (it) artistic value and cultural significance.It serves 9____ a window into the lives of the Zhoushan people and their enduring relationship with the sea，making it 10 important part of China's intangible cultural heritage.Through these paintings，one can experience the resilience，joy，and hardships of the fishing community，celebrating their deep bond with the ocean. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了舟山渔民画的起源、特点、创作过程以及其艺术和文化价值。 its as an 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填副词，修饰谓语动词describes。故填beautifully。 1．答案：to show 2．答案：beautifully 考查非谓语动词。in order to do意为“为了……，目的是……”。故填to show。 3．答案：are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，“many of whom”引导定语从句，且在从句中充当主语，其后缺少谓语动词；根据语境可知，本文主要是介绍舟山渔民画，是客观事实，故用一般现在时；又因主语“many of whom”指代“many of the artists”，为复数形式，所以be动词要用复数形式。故填are。 4．答案：and 5．答案：outlining 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，begin是句子谓语动词，所以空处填非谓语动词；已给词outline是动词，意为“勾勒，描画……的轮廓”，与其逻辑主语“The artists”是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。故填outlining。 考查连词。根据句意以及“their personal experiences”和“the rich cultural heritage of the region”可知，艺术家从个人经历汲取灵感，也从丰富的地区文化遗产中汲取灵感，所以此处是并列结构。故填and。 6．答案：which 7．答案：connection 考查名词。根据空前deep可知，空处填名词；connect的名词形式是connection，表示“联系、连接”时，是不可数名词。故填connection。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰限定空前colors，且设空处作从句的主语，which可引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 8．答案：its 9．答案：as 10．答案：an 考查固定搭配。“serve as”是固定搭配，意为“充当，担任”。故填as。 考查代词。根据空后的“artistic value”可知，空处应填it的形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处的“重要部分”表示泛指，故应用不定冠词，又因important发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 1　CULTURAL HERITAGE 返回 $