Unit 5 SectionⅢ Learning About Language（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（人教版）

UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER except some milk.Though awarded the "lifelong 9 (achieve)physician in pediatrics",Sheng doesn't seem proud at all.She said it is her goal 10 (be)a diligent person and good doctor. [语篇解读]文章简要介绍了著名儿科专家盛锦云 不辞辛劳、坚守岗位的事迹。 1.walking[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， “1(walk)slowly with a walker'”在句中作定 语，因walk与an85-year-old woman之间是逻辑 上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式。] 2.for[考查固定搭配。take sb.for..意为“把某 人误认为…”。] 3.wh0[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处 引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词doctor,并在 从句中作主语，故填wh0。] 4.has treated[考查时态和主谓一致。根据so far 可知应用现在完成时，又因主语Sheng Jinyun是第 三人称单数，故填has treated,] SectionⅢ Learni 要点 [词汇精讲] l.(教材P52)There was a huge debate about whether the reporter should be accused of spying on the star couple. (人们)对那名记者是否应因监视那对明星夫妇而 被指控一事有很大的争议。 accuse vt..控告；控诉；谴责 ◆[佳句感知] I hate it when people accuse us of that. 我讨厌别人就那件事指责我们。 Are you accusing me of lying? 你在指责我撒谎吗？ 汇归纳拓展] accuse sb.of (doing)sth. 指控/指责某人（做）某事 accusation m.[C]指控；谴责 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] DThe accused (accuse)man was asked to give his name. 2The accusation (accuse)is wholly without foun- dation. 3The company was accused of failing to safeguard the public. 五维课堂卫 5.broken[考查非谓语动词。此处考查“have十宾 语十宾补”结构，因two bones和break之间是逻辑 上的动宾关系，故应用动词-ed形式作宾语补足语， 故填broken。] 6.the[考查冠词。with the help of...为固定短 语，意为“在…的帮助下”。] 7.is expected[考查时态和语态。句子主语she和 expect之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；此处讲 述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填is expected,] 8.impressive[考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空 处修饰名词experiences,故填形容词impressive “令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的”。] 9.achievement[考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此 处表示“儿科终身成就医师”，故应填名词achieve- ment。] 10.tobe[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，从 句中it作形式主语，“l0(be)a diligent per- son and good doctor'”是真正的主语，故应用动词 不定式。] ng about language 层层精析 对应学生讲义P105 2.(教材P52)Being a female scientist was much less common in her time,but in spite of this she devoted her life to her career. 在她那个时代，女科学家要少见得多，但尽管如此， 她还是把自己的一生献给了自己的事业。 devote vt..献身，致力，倾注；把…用于 ◆[佳句感知] The energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending,but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. 母亲在她们的孩子身上投人的精力是永无止境的，但 是孩子们也是巨大的快乐和幸福的源泉。 I could only devote two hours a day to working on the project. 我每天只能花两个小时在这个项目上。 汇归纳拓展] :devote one's life/oneself to(doing)sth.献身于 致力于（做）某事 devote one's time/energy/attention/...to (do- ing)sth.把某人的时间/精力/注意力/…用到 :(做)某事上 devotion.关爱；奉献，专心 devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的 be devoted to(doing)sth.致力于（做）某事 be devoted to sb.深爱某人/对某人忠诚 3 世五维课堂 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] D Professor Zhong Nanshan has devoted himself en- tirely to the battle against COVID-19. 2 Nelson Mandela devoted his life to fighting (fight)for a free society in which all people live to- gether in harmony. 3He is respected by the students for his devotion (devote)to the cause of education. DYou will never gain success unless you are fully devoted(devote)to your work. 3.(教材P52)So I come to a conclusion that if you want a great career,you need to commit yourself to something meaningful. 所以我得出一个结论，你如果想要一个伟大的事 业，需要致力于一些有意义的事情。 come to a conclusion (=arrive at/reach/draw a con- clusion)得出结论 ◆[佳句感知] It was not until they came to a conclusion that they stopped discussing. 直到得出了结论，他们才停止讨论。 We'll have a further discussion before we draw a fi- nal conclusion. 在得出最终结论之前，我们将需要做进一步的讨论。 归纳拓展] jump to a conclusion匆忙下结论 bring..to a conclusion使…结束 in conclusion最后（用于文章或讲话的末尾，表示 即将结束)；总之 conclude vt.得出结论，推断出；vt.&vi.（使)结 束，终止 (sth.(from sth.)(从…中) conclude (from sth.)that..推断出/断定… (sth.with sth. 以（做）某事 conclude (sth.by doing sth.结束… :to conclude(=in conclusion)总之 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] DThough the task is tough,we are sure to bring it to a fine conclusion. 虽然任务艰巨，但我们一定能圆满完成。 2In conclusion,I'd like to say how much I have en- joyed myself today. 最后，我想说我今天玩得非常开心。 3What can be concluded from the result of this in- vestigation? 从这个调查的结果中可得出什么结论？ 英语·选择性必修第四册 4To conclude (=In conclusion),you'd better look on the bright side. 总之，你最好看到光明的一面。 [语法填空] 5 When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion (conclude),Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. 6In conclusion,people prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home during holidays for a variety of reasons. DWhen the group discussion is drawing to a close, make sure to conclude it with important points. 4.(教材P52)commit(committed,committed, committing)vt.犯（错误或罪行）；做（错事等）； (使)保证，（使）承诺；花（时间、钱等）；.全心全 意投入（工作等） ◆[佳句感知] The government committed itself to reducing taxes. 政府承诺减税 汇归纳拓展] commit a crime/mistake犯罪/错 commit sb./oneself to(doing)sth.保证某人/某 人自己（做）某事 commit to sb./sth.忠于某人/全心全意投人某事 commit..to..,把…投人… commitment n.责任；义务；承诺；奉献；投人 make a commitment作出承诺 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的 be committed to(doing)sth.致力于（做）某事 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] DUsually the most awkward e-mail mistake is com- mitted (commit)in anger. 2But he quickly found that he loved playing this in- strument,and was committed to practising it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well. 3 Committed (commit)to serving people in her neighbourhood,she was honoured as one of Top Ten Teenagers. 4The poor woman made a commitment (commit) that she would look after the orphan forever. 5In the past few years,the local government has committed commit)large amounts of money to housing projects. UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER 5.(教材P53)Zhong Yang;1964一2017；bota nist,professor at Fudan University;dedicated his life to research on seeds... 钟扬(1964一2017)是植物学家，复旦大学教授，他 将自己的一生都献给了种子研究… dedicate vt..把…（自己、时间、精力等）奉献给… (崇高的事业或目的) ◆[佳句感知] The actress now dedicates herself to children's chari- ty work. 这位女演员现在投身于儿童慈善工作。 She is a dedicated teacher. 她是位有献身精神的教师。 汇归纳拓展] dedicate oneself/..to..将自己/…奉献 给… dedicated adj.有献身精神的；专心致志的；坚定的， 专用的 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] D Dedicated dedicate)to building a community with a shared future for mankind is China,which has provided generous support and assistance. 2If you want to be a musician,you have to dedicate yourself to it. 3Zhong Nanshan advised people not to travel to and from Wuhan while dedicating (dedicate)himself to combating the outbreak. [句式精析] 1.P52)The first time I observed the process of water being split into oxygen and hydrogen,I was deeply attracted by the charm of chemistry. 当我第一次观察水被分解成氧气和氢气的过程时， 我就深深地被化学的魅力所吸引。 [句式分析] The first time I observed the process of water being The first time引导时间状语从可，含“observe十 split into oxygen and hydrogen, 宾语十宾补”结构，现在分词短语被动式作宾补 I was deeply attracted by the charm of chemistry. 主句 the first time引导时间状语从句 the first time作从属连词，可以引导时间状语从句。 除了the first time外，以下名词词组也有类似用法： the second/third/..time(第二/三/…次)，the last/next time(上/下一次)，every time(每一次)， the moment/the minute/the second..(一… 就…)等。 五维课堂 ◆[佳句感知] John lost his heart to Alice the first time he saw her. 约翰对艾丽丝一见倾心。 Don't forget to bring your dictionary with you (the) next time you come to class. 下次你来上课的时候，别忘了拿字典。 The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me. 我一看到你，就知道你在生我的气。 汇温馨提示] for the first time为介词短语，相当于副词，只能作 状语，译为第一次。 Tom has been in London for the first time. 汤姆第一次来伦敦。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①贝蒂现在对这首诗很感兴趣，但她第一次读时认为 它很乏味。 Betty shows great interest in this poem now,but she thought it boring the first time she read it. ②他一看见熊就爬上了树。 The moment/The second/The minute he saw the bear,he climbed up the tree. ③我每次见到她，她都穿不同的衣服。 Every time I see her,she wears different clothes. 2.(教材P52)I want to become a lawyer because I think fairness and justice is of great importance to society,and I hope I can make some contribution in that respect. 我想成为一名律师，因为我认为公平正义对社会非 常重要，我希望我能在那一方面做出贡献。 [句式分析] I want to become a lawyer because 主语谓语 宾语 连词 I think fairness and justice is of great importance 原因 状语 to society,andI hope I can make some contribution 从句 (并列)原因 in that respect. 状语从可 “o「十名词”结构 “o「十名词”结构可在句中作表语、后置定语和宾语补 足语。该结构可分为两类： (1)可以转化为同根形容词的：此时，“of十名词”结构 用来说明句子主语所具有的作用、重要性或意义等。 这类名词有value,use,importance,help,signifi- cance,benefit,beauty等。名词前可用no,some, any,little,much,great等词修饰，用来表示程度。 世五维课堂 英语·选择性必修第四册 ◆[佳句感悟] The jackets are of different colors and sizes,so you The new drug is of great significance to the treat- can choose whichever you like. ment of the disease. 这些夹克有不同的颜色和尺寸，所以你可以选一件你 这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义。 喜欢的。 You'll find this map is of great value to you when ◆[即学即练] you travel around Shanghai. [完成句子] 当你在上海旅游时，你会发现这张地图对你很有用。 ①即使你不能做出巨大贡献，你的支持对我们来说也 汇温馨提示] 是很宝贵的。 “of十名词”和同根形容词的转换如下： of significance-=significant有重大意义的 Your support is of great/much value to us even if of use=useful有用的 you cannot make great contributions.(value) of importance=important重要的 ②不可否认，教育对个人发展有益处。 of value=valuable宝贵的，很有用的 There is no denying that education is of great benefit of help=helpful有帮助的 to personal growth.(benefit) of benefit=beneficial有裨益的 ③这些课程对在外贸领域当英语口译的人有很大 (2)不可以转化为形容词的：此时“of+名词”结构用 帮助。 来说明句子主语在重量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特 These courses are of great/much help to an English 征。这类名词有color,size,age,height,weight, interpreter in the field of foreign trade.(help) shape,type,kind,price,quality等，名词前可用dif ④在科学领域里，基础研究是非常重要的。 ferent,the same,a(n)等来修饰。 Basic research is of great/much importance in the ◆[佳句感悟] field of science.(importance) If you can get something of the same quality for a ⑤你能穿我的衣服，因为咱俩穿同一个号。 cheaper price,go for it! 如果你能用更便宜的价格来买相同质量的商品的话， You can wear my dress because we are of the same 那还等什么！ size.(size) 对应学生讲义P108 ● 语法。探究突破 简单句、并列句和主从复合句 自我探究 总结归纳（分析句子） 1.The best time to start thinking about possible ca- 主语：The best time;定语：to start thinking about reers is while you are still at school,before you possible careers;系s动词is;while.,.education为表 make any choices about your further education. 语从句 这是but连接的两个并列句，but前句中，the career 2.The career suggestions are also based on your ed- suggestions是主语，are based为谓语（被动形式），on ucation and experience level,but you can look at your..level为状语；but后句中，you是主语，can higher-level careers as well,which is very useful for look at为谓语，higher-level careers为宾语，which引 high school students. 导的从句为非限制性定语从句，which表示其前的事！ ·166· UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER [基本概念] 句子按照其结构可以分为简单句、并列句、主从 复合句和并列复合句。 [思维导图] 含有一个主 简单句 谓结构 含有两个或两 并列句 个以上的独立分句 句型分类 主从复 含有一个主句和一个或一 合句 个以上从句所构成的句子 句型 含有两个或两个以上并列 并列复 合句 分句且分句至少有一个是 主从复合句 句子主干 成分分析 并列连词 从属连词，关系词 [语法精析] 一、句型分类 1.简单句 只有一个主谓结构的独立分句叫简单句。在简单句 中，主语和谓语可以由一个词或短语充当，也可以由 两个或两个以上的词或短语充当，组成并列的主语或 并列的谓语。除了主语和谓语之外，简单句中还可以 有宾语、定语、状语、补语等。 Spring is the best season for planting trees. 春季是植树的最佳季节。 Robert,Linda and Jim often study,play and dine to- gether. 罗伯特、琳达和吉姆经常在一起学习、玩耍和吃饭。 P[学以致用 [翻译句子] 1.杰克饭后经常与妻子一起在公园散步。 Jack,together with his wife,often takes a walk in the park after supper. 2.这本书很有价值，激励人们探索宇宙未知。 The book is of great value,inspiring people to ex- plore the unknown in the universe. 2.并列句 含有两个或两个以上的独立分句的句子叫并列句。 并列句中的常见的连词有： ①表示并列关系：and,not only..but also...,nei ther..nor..,as well as等。 ②表示转折或对比关系：but,yet,while等。 ③表示因果关系：for,so,thus,therefore等。 ④表示选择关系：or,either...or..等。 五维课堂型 I have travelled to many places,but I still want to visit more. 我已经去过很多地方旅游，但是我还想游览更多的 地方。 They have different ideas,so they have solved the problem in different ways. 他们有不同的想法，所以用不同的方式解决了这个 问题。 ◆[学以致用] [翻译句子] 3.她又高又壮，而她的姐姐则又矮又瘦。(while) She is tall and strong while her sister is short and thin. 4.他非常生气，因此一句话没说就离开了。(s0) He was very angry,so he left without saying any- thing. 5.要么你邀请他来参加派对，要么我们改变日期。 (either...or) Either you invite him to the party or we change the date. 3.主从复合句 (1)由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句所构成的句 子叫主从复合句。主句和从句都具有完整的主语和 谓语，但从句只是句子的一个成分，不能独立存在。 (2)主从复合句可分为定语从句、状语从句和名词性 从句三大类。 ①定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语 从句。 ②状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因 状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从 句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句等。 ③名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和 同位语从句。 The man who wrote this book is a famous scientist. 写这本书的人是位著名的科学家。（画线部分为定语 从句) When they heard the news,they were much sur- prised. 他们听到这个消息时，非常吃惊。（画线部分为时间 状语从句) That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知，光沿直线传播。（画线部分为主语从句） ◆[学以致用] [翻译句子] 6.他提到的那人现在在上海工作。 The men (that/who/whom)he referred to now works in Shanghai. ò7 世五维课堂 7.美国爆发新冠肺炎让国人担心。 That the COVID-19 broke out in America made the nations worried. 8.因为他非常生气，他一句话没说就离开了。(be cause) He left without saying anything because he was very angry. 4.并列复合句 两个或两个以上由并列连接词连接的分句中至少有 一个是主从复合句，这种句子称为并列复合句。 Think of the difficulties (that face us), and 第一分句 定语从句 并列连词 you will realize (why progress is slow). 第二分可 宾语从句 ◆[学以致用] [翻译句子] 9.每当他遇到困难时总能勇敢面对，但是这次他无法 解决老师所提出的问题。 Every time he meets a difficulty,he can always face it bravely,but this time,he can't deal with the problem his teacher has raised. 二、成分分析 1.找出句子主干 一般而言，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者 (主语)，可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。如 果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动 词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的 情况除外)。 [典例1](2020·浙江)Researchers from the Uni- versity of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and as- sessed the volunteers'memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. [分析]本句的主干部分是“Researchers gathered more than 1,000 retired workers and assessed the volunteers'memory and thinking skills'”。 [典例2](2020·全国I卷)According to most cal- culations,race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about800 calories(卡路里)per hour,which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more cal- ories per hour. [分析]本句的主干部分是“race walkers would burn about800 calories(卡路里)per hour”。 ·16 英语·选择性必修第四册 2.寻找并列连词 英语并列句或并列复合句都是由并列连词来连接的。 找准这些并列连词，就能够弄懂句与句之间的逻辑 关系。 [典例1](2020·天津)In the past,sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios,but many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phe- nomenon we call sound. [分析]本句中but连接两个并列分句，第二个分句 中的and连接了sharing的两个宾语knowledge和 experience。 [典例2](2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. [分析]本句中转折连词but连接了两个并列分句， 在第一个分句中“if they think it will help their child”是条件状语从句，在第二个分句中“puzzles help children with math-related skills'”是省略了that 的宾语从句。 3.定位从属连词或关系词 在每个英语句子中，主句所表达的信息为主要信息， 从句所表达的信息为次要信息。根据从属连词或关 系词的种类和功能，判断从句的类型。 [典例1](2020·全国I卷)The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilo- meter race walk,which is about five miles longer than the marathon. [分析]本句的主干部分是“The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilo- meter race walk”;再结合后面的关系词which可知， “which is..marathon'”是定语从句。 碰到长句和难句时，要根据实际情况灵活运用上 述方法，在平时的阅读过程中要加强对长句和难句的 句法分析训练。有时要综合使用几种方法才能正确 理解句意。 [典例2]The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. [分析]本句的主干部分为“The fact does not mean that..”。“that they do not experience emotions”是 宾语从句，作mean的宾语。“that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another'”为fact的同位语从句，as mem bers of another后省略了express their emotions。 UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER ◆[学以致用] [判断画线部分的成分] The results of the test will tell you 10 11 12 about your strengths and interests and some tests 13 14 随堂 I.语法填空 1.He was driving home on the highway last night when a policeman stopped him and accused him of speeding. 2.He made up his mind to devote his life to helping (help)those poor children. 3.I would like to thank all of you who made the ef- fort.It is a relief that employees so clearly show their devotion (devote)to their job. 4.My brother is greedy for knowledge,who comes to our school's library regularly. 5.In many respects,the new film is better than the original. Ⅱ.合并句子 1.The plane arrived.Some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building.Others were waiting on the airfield. When the plane arrived,some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building,while oth- ers were waiting on the airfield. 2.He is an expert on rice planting.The local Zhuang people have learnt a lot from him. He is an expert on rice planting from whom the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot. 3.He never expected the bicycle to be found.He heard the news.He was surprised.It was stolen 20 years ago. He never expected the bicycle to be found,so when he heard the news,he was surprised,be- cause it was stolen 20 years ago. 4.I live near an airport.Airplanes there are slowly driving me mad.Passing planes can be heard day and night. 五维课堂型 also suggest careers that you may be suited to. 15 16 17 10.主语 11.谓语 12.宾语 13.状语 14.主语 15.谓语 16.宾语 17.定语（从句） 步步夯实 对应学生讲义P111 I live near an airport,where airplanes are slowly driving me mad,for passing planes can be heard day and night. 5.The job takes a significant amount of time.Most students agree that the experience gained from it is invaluable. Though/Although the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the ex- perience gained from it is invaluable. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.我们第一次来到这个小山村，就被这里的美景深深 吸引住了。 The first time we arrived at the small mountain village,we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery here.(the first time) 2.老师给我推荐了一本书，这本书对我学习英语很 有用。 My teacher recommended a book to me,which is of great/much use to my learning English.("of+ 名词”结构) 3.随着高考的临近，我们必须充分利用剩下的时间。 With the approach of the college entrance exami- nation,we have to make the most of the time left. (make the most of) 4.虽然有困难，但在朋友的帮助下，我按时完成了这 项艰巨的任务。 With the help of my friends,I managed to com- plete the tough task on time in spite of the diffi- culties.(in spite of) 5.看了她的信之后，我断定她是个非常聪明的人。 After reading her letter,I came to/arrived at/ drew/reached the conclusion that she was a very intelligent person.(conclusion) 69 世五维课堂 素美。 I.阅读理解 I have a degree in business.However,it was my father's decision for me to follow a business ma- jor.He thought that having a business degree would make me more competitive and provide me with more available options in entering the global market- place.I took his advice.However,even though my college experiences were fantastic,I still had no in- terest in any field of commerce,let alone having a long-term career as a businesswoman. After I graduated,I worked as a marketing planner at a computer company.My pay and work- ing environment were great;however,I still didn't feel happy doing something that I wasn't interested in.After two months of working there,I made up my mind to quit and decided to do what I love, namely teaching English.I have now been an Eng- lish teacher for over twenty years.I love my job and love being with my students. If you are in a place where you don't love what you are learning or doing,please ask yourself what you are really enthusiastic about,and what you tru- ly want for your life.Don't rush to get yourself a quick answer.Take some time to think about what career could make you happy.The important thing is that you are happy and then you are able to bring happiness to people around you.Therefore,you will be a success.There is a quote that says,"Success is not the key to happiness.Happiness is the key to success.If you love what you are doing,you will be successful. [语篇解读]这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自已 的工作经历，给出了关于职业的建议。如果你不喜欢 你正在学习或做的事情，就问问你自已真正喜欢什 么，真正想要什么。不要急于给自己一个答案，花点 时间想想什么工作能让自己快乐。如果你热爱你所 做的事情，你就会成功。 1.How did the author feel about her major at col- lege? A.Nervous. B.Doubtful. C.Disappointed.D.Uninterested. 解析：D[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Howev- er,even though my college experiences were fan- ·11 英语·选择性必修第四册 层层提升 对应学生课时P48 tastic,I still had no interest in any field of com- merce,let alone having a long-term career as a businesswoman”可知，作者对任何商业领域仍然没 有兴趣，更不用说长期从事商业活动了。由此可 知，作者对她大学时的专业不感兴趣。故选D。] 2.What made the author quit her first job? A.The unsatisfactory salary. B.Her sticking to her true likes. C.Her father's desire and arrangement. D.The second job's better working environment. 解析：B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After two months of working there,I made up my mind to quit and decided to do what I love,namely teaching English”可知，在那里工作了两个月后， 作者决定辞职，并决定去做自己喜欢的事情，即教 英语。由此可知，作者想坚持她真正喜欢的事情， 所以辞掉了她的第一份工作。故选B。] 3.Why is a quote used in the last paragraph? A.To show how to be successful in life. B.To introduce a way to find a good job. C.To inform the root of living a happy life. D.To tell the importance of changing jobs. 解析：A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The important thing is that you are happy and then you are able to bring happiness to people around you.Therefore,you will be a success.There is a quote that says,'Success is not the key to happi- ness.Happiness is the key to success.'If you love what you are doing,you will be successful'”可知， 本段中引用的名言是为了表明如何在生活中取得 成功。故选A。] 4.Whom is the text targeted at? A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Job hunters. D.Top students. 解析：C[推理判断题。本文主要是关于工作和职 业的，作者结合自己的工作经历，给出了关于职业 的建议。故本文针对的是求职者。故选C。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Chinese culture values family bonds very much. Family members don't just gather during the holi- days.In fact they often live under one roof all year round.1 Families in the East and West are very different from each other. 0 UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER In most East Asian cultures,extended families are common.2 According to The Atlantic,90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandpar- ents.Chinese people believe that "Elders are treas- ures."In many Western countries,most families are nuclear families(小家庭).These are solely made up of children and their parents. Additionally,the duties parents have toward their children can also differ. 3 It's normal for parents to pay for their children's college,help them find a job,or buy them an apartment.More often than not,Chinese adults also follow their parents'opinions when making ma- jor life decisions. In most Western countries,however,kids usu- ally move out of the house after they turn 18.4 Also,if they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult,it can be seen by some as a failure. While the East cares more about close family bonds,the West values privacy and independence. 5 Families will always be a source of love, warmth,and care for people around the world. A.These families have three or even four genera- tions living together. B.Nuclear families are the most common type in China. C.In China,many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood. D.Different cultures have different family values. E.But in the end,home is best-in the East or West. F.Many young people going to college often need to take out loans and take part-time jobs in order to pay for tuition and rent. G.Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time. [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。对比说明了中西 方对待家庭关系的不同观念。 1.解析：D[空前描述了中国文化中的家庭关系，结 合空后的“Families in the East and West are very different from each other'”可知，此处应用D项（不 同的文化有不同的家庭价值观)承上启下。] .17 五维课堂型 2.解析：A[根据空前的“In most East Asian cul- tures,extended families are common”可知，大部分 东亚文化中大家庭是很普遍的，故A项（这些家庭 中三代人甚至四代人都住在一起)符合语境。] 3.解析：C[根据空后内容可知，中国的父母为孩子 支付大学学费、帮助他们找工作、为他们买房子，这 些都是很正常的，也就是说，中国许多父母把孩子 从小照顾到成年，故选C。] 4.解析：F[根据空前后的内容可知，西方国家中孩 子成年就会搬出去住，否则就会被有些人看作是失 败者，所以F项（许多上大学的年轻人通常需要贷 款和做兼职来支付学费和房租)符合语境。] 5.解析：E[空前描述东西方家庭价值观的不同，下 一句又表达对世界各地的人来说，家庭永远是爱、 温暖和关怀的源泉，故空处表示转折，且表示东西 方家庭的共同点—一家是最好的地方。故选E。] Ⅲ.完形填空 When John Gurdon was 15,he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology.His teacher wrote in a 1,"I believe he has ideas about be- coming a(n)2 from his present performance this is quite foolish. Luckily,the teacher's words didn't 3 Gurdon's love for science.He went to labs earlier and left later than anyone else.Finally he 4 his dream.On Oct.8,2012,64 years later,the British professor 5 the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.Gurdon got the honor because of his re- search into cells and cloning.When he was studying at Oxford,he did some 6 on cells.He took a cell from an adult frog,moved its genes 7,and put them into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew in- to a clone of the adult frog.His research 8 for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes. Later it helped to 9 Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal in history.It also led to important findings in the 10 use of cells. This is good news for those 11 who have dis- eased or damaged tissue. Gurdon always remembers the 12 he had when he was 15.He even puts the report on his desk as a daily 13 to himself. 世五维课堂 "When you have problems,like an experiment which doesn't work,it's 14 to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and that the teacher may be 15,"he said. However,the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。John Gurdon曾 是全年级成绩最差的学生，但是他通过自己的不懈努 力证明了自己，并在研究细胞和克隆方面取得了巨大 成就，获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 1.A.report B.post C.comment D.program 解析：A[从文章倒数第三段中的the report可 知，空后是老师在报告里写的内容，故选A项。] 2.A.musician B.scientist C.manager D.inventor 解析：B[从下文中的“Gurdon's love for science” 可推知，老师认为他有成为科学家的想法，故选 B项。] 3.A.stop B.mean C.inspire D.reflect 解析：A[根据语境可知，老师的话并没有阻止他 对科学的热爱。] 4.A.practiced B.realized C.gave up D.took on 解析：B[根据语境可知，此处表示“他实现了他的 梦想”，故选B项。] 5.A.won B.founded C.dreamed of D.applied for 解析：A[根据语境可知，这位英国教授获得了诺 贝尔生理学或医学奖。] 6.A.reading B.writing C.change D.research 解析：D[根据上文中的“his research into cells and cloning?”和空后的on cells可知，此处表示他在 牛津学习的时候，对细胞做过一些研究。] 7.A.suddenly B.secretly C.carefully D.casually 17 英语·选择性必修第四册 解析：C[根据语境并结合选项可知，空处应表示 “小心翼翼地”，故选C项。] 8.A.predicted B.assumed C.proved D.provided 解析：C[根据空后的内容可知，空后为研究得出 的结果，再结合选项可知，C项符合语境。] 9.A.rescue B.discover C.feed D.create 解析：D[根据空后的“the first cloned mammal” 并结合常识可知，克隆羊Dolly是被科学家创造出 来的。] 10.A.commercial B.medical C.physical D.illegal 解析：B[根据下文中所列举的例子可知，此处表 示Gurdon的观，点也使细胞在医学方面的应用有 了重大发现。] 11.A.fools B.visitors C.patients D.doctors 解析：C [根据空后的“who have diseased or damaged tissue'”可知，空处应指病人。] 12.A.friend B.teacher C.classmate D.neighbor 解析：B[根据空后的“when he was 15”并结合 第一段内容可知，空处应指他15岁时的老师。] 13.A.regulation B.paper C.reminder D.reward 解析：C[根据空前的“He even puts the report on his desk”和下文中的remind yourself可知，他 这么做的目的是提醒他自己。] 14.A.potential B.complicated C.rough D.nice 解析：D[根据语境并结合选项可知，假如实验 不成功，它就很好地提醒自己在工作方面还不是 非常擅长。] 15.A.right B.wrong C.modest D.welcome 解析：A[根据语境并结合空前的“perhaps you are not so good at your job”可知，此处表示老师 可能是正确的。]