精品解析：北京中学2024-2025学年第二学期期末模拟测试高一英语试卷

2024—2025学年度第二学期期末模拟测试 高一英语 （考试时间100分钟 满分100分） 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I left my home country to pursue a doctor’s degree in the UK. I thought I was supposed to focus only on the ___1___. So, when colleagues invited me to join them for a coffee chat, I tended to kindly reply “Maybe next time”. I spent my days mostly alone, ___2___ in my work. Eventually I found I was fighting increasing ___3___ till it hit a breaking point. The nights were long and dark. I scrolled social media to pass the time. I even tried “talking” to ChatGPT. But I couldn’t feel better. It was my tutor, Ms. Murphy who finally helped me see my ___4___ from a new perspective (视角). After I told her how I had been feeling these last months, she ___5___,“Perhaps it is not about finding someone to talk to at night. Maybe it is about talking to more of your colleagues during the day.” Her suggestion made me realize that I had been looking for the answer in the ___6___ direction. She helped me see that joining in the people around me would improve my state of mind and even ___7___ my work. I began to chat with friends more and realized we were all dealing with challenges, professionally and personally. I can’t do everything ___8___. Instead, I should team with friends and work together on common goals and challenges. I also need to take some time away from work to enjoy previously ___9___ parts of life. That is how life should be, enriched and colorful. The nights are still as long as before. However, they are not as ____10____, as I have seen the bright light in the day. 1. A. health B. work C. custom D. life 2. A. settled B. hired C. accepted D. buried 3. A. loneliness B. tiredness C. carelessness D. selfishness 4 A. education B. situation C. intention D. emotion 5. A. announced B. continued C. advised D. whispered 6. A. same B. general C. new D. wrong 7. A. contribute to B. result in C. watch over D. set an example for 8. A. creatively B. independently C. gradually D. regularly 9. A. assumed B. selected C. ignored D. judged 10. A. busy B. short C. dark D. silent 第二节 选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。 be covered with admire take action make a difference to in spite of put out take charge of proceed with come across be stuck in 11. The problems have been fixed and we can ________ the work now. 12. If the manager retires soon, Jack ________ the company and make changes. 13. The soldiers have done a(n) ________ job in making sure that all the supplies got through. 14. While I was reading the newspaper, I ________ an interesting article about space exploration. 15. Having a good teacher ________ students career paths. 16. The wind blew in from the desert yesterday. Now, everything ________ sand. 17. The rescue teams couldn’t arrive on time because the car wheels ________ the mud. 18. We must ________ to stop the harmful effects of passive smoking on people’s health. 19. Firefighters could do dangerous jobs like ________ fires or working on high buildings. 20. The scientists insisted on carrying out the experiment ________ all kinds of difficulties. 第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. I have a friend with ________ I share a passion for traveling. (用适当的词填空) 22. Here is the very book ________ I am looking for. (用适当的词填空) 23. Last July, it rained heavily in the south, ________ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24. It is important to avoid ________ (waste) time and make good use of every minute. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25. Last year, the company’s CEO ________ (award) “Best of the Year” for his outstanding leadership and his great contribution to the company’s success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26. I could get you a job here if that’s ________ you want. (用适当的词填空) 27. We managed ________ (get) over the adversities in learning English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28. Dr. Brown is a senior professor ________ views are widely respected. (用适当的词填空) 29. This small mountain village is a beautiful place ________ I spent my childhood. (用适当的词填空) 30. Over the past ten years, he ________ (overcome) various difficulties in his career, achieving remarkable success and recognition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The National Gallery of Art is a public art museum in Washington, D.C. It contains a large collection of paintings, prints, drawings, photographs, and other works of art. Come and enjoy some wonderful shows. Present Exhibitions Going Through Hell: The Divine Dante April 9 — July 16, 2023 West Building, Main Floor, Gallery 10-11 Dante was an Italian poet and writer. His Divine Comedy has been one of the most powerful works in western literature for over 700 years. Come and explore the impacts of this great work in the collection of some 20 works, including the early prints of Divine Comedy, drawings on paper from the 15th to 20th century and more. Drawing in Britain, 1700-1900: New Additions to the Collection April 2 — August 6, 2023 West Building, Ground Floor This exhibition includes about 80 recently acquired artworks. You can see not only traditional landscape paintings, but also many life-like portraits(肖像) and paintings of historical scenes. These pieces are sure to give you an understanding of British art over two centuries. Philip Guston Now March 2 — August 27, 2023 East Building, Hall Philip Guston is one of America’s most influential modern artists, famous in his time and in ours. Through more than 150 paintings and drawings, you can get a sense of the change of his artistic style through the years. His works continue to raise thoughts about beauty, freedom, and more. Opening Times The National Gallery of Art is open from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm, including public holidays. Last admission is at 4:00 pm, one hour before closing. Parking There is no public parking at the National Gallery of Art, but limited parking spaces are set aside for visitors with disabilities. Parking is available on surrounding streets and in commercial garages. If you have any questions, please call (202)737-4215 or send us an email at visit@nga.gov. 31. What can you see in the National Gallery of Art? A. The 20 works of Dante. B. Newly gained British artworks. C. Phillip Guston’s works of literature. D. Landscape paintings of Washington, D.C. 32. The National Gallery of Art . A. offers enough car parking spaces for visitors B. contains the largest art collection in the US C. admits visitors from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm D. shows the 17th-century paintings in the East Building 33. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To spread art knowledge. B To describe works of world-famous artists. C. To introduce worldwide wonderful exhibitions. D. To give information about a public art museum. B The first time Terry attended a meeting of the Tahquamenon Sportsmen’s Club, they made him vice president — and he wasn’t even a member. By his second visit, the few members left in the dying organization had put him in charge of the whole thing. The club began in the 1920s. Back then, hunting and fishing were pastimes in rural areas. The culture, however, is different now. When Terry took over the century-old club, it was on its last legs. Only a couple dozen members remained, and most were older than its new 68-year-old president. They were no longer doing the things they’d been known for. Worst of all, their famous fishing tackle party had been canceled twice, once just because they simply didn’t have enough members to pull it off. He wanted to push hard to keep the organization going, because it is one of the things that make up the heart and soul of Newberry. He had to look for new members. He needed to broaden the club’s offerings to attract younger people. More than anything else, he had to make sure the tackle party for kids took place once again. Little by little, Terry’s efforts worked. People began asking about memberships. Some sent contributions. Others offered their time. A local company donated new siding for the clubhouse. Someone else said they would put a new roof on it. Someone came and mowed the lawn (草坪) when it got long in the summer. Others cleared the snow in the winter. All over town, people and businesses promised to help the club survive and succeed. On the day of the annual Kids Tackle Party, hundreds of kids and their families appeared. Terry started the event with a speech. A local fishing expert gave tips on how to catch fish. Then, one at a time, each of the 245 kids was called by name, and every one of them got a fishing pole and a tackle box. It took more than three hours to get through everyone who showed up. It was a big event, one that came close to dying, but was finally back. Terry fought to keep the club and party for kids, a longtime tradition in the Newberry community, going. Traditions are dying these days, but he was able to get people to hold onto this one. 34. When Terry took over the club,________. A. he was the youngest member B. the club was struggling to survive C. hunting was a popular pastime D. the culture of the club remained 35. To keep the organization going, what did Terry put at the top of his to-do list? A. Ensuring the return of the tackle party for kids. B. Broadening people’s minds in Newberry. C. Searching for help from his neighborhood. D. Offering appealing activities to attract new members. 36. What did the townspeople do to help the club? A. They fixed the clubhouse roof. B. They grew grass. C. They donated fishing poles. D. They removed the snow. 37. What can we learn from the story? A. Interest does not lie. B. A hero shows up during challenging times. C. The discovery of tradition matters. D. Sometimes hard work doesn’t pay off. In the 1970s, a gorilla (大猩猩) known as Koko became world-famous when scientists taught her to use human sign language to communicate with people. There were numerous attempts in the mid-1900s to teach human language to nonhumans, such as Koko. But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language. Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods. This new field of study is known as digital bioacoustics, and it involves using tools to understand the production of sounds and their effects on living things. Scientists in this field are using sensors, which are devices that pick up and record information on physical or chemical conditions. Some are also using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, an approach that uses algorithms (算法). The same algorithms that we use in tools such as Google Translate to translate documents can also be used to find patterns in nonhuman communication. Jeremy of Tel Aviv University studied nearly two dozen Egyptian fruit bats for two and a half months and recorded their vocalizations. His team adapted a voice-recognition program to study 15,000 of the sounds. The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds. Jeremy and other researchers have found that bats have a much more complex language than we previously understood. Bats argue over food; they distinguish (区分) between genders when they communicate with one another and they have individual names, or “signature calls”. That’s a great example of how AI is able to find these patterns from information gathered by sensors and microphones. AI reveals things that we can’t hear with our human ears alone because most bat communication happens above our hearing range, and because bats speak much faster than we do, we have to slow it down to listen to it. So we cannot listen like a bat, but our computers can. And our computers can also speak back to the bat by producing specific patterns. Digital bioacoustics is like an amazing hearing aid. It lets us listen to animals with both our digitally enhanced (增强的) ears and our imagination. This is slowly opening our minds not only to the wonderful sounds that nonhumans make, but to a fundamental set of questions about the so-called divide between humans and nonhumans, as well as our connection to other species. It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful. 38. Regarding scientists’ efforts to teach animals human language, the author feels ________. A. negative B. unconcerned C. uncertain D. supportive 39. Scientists in digital bioacoustics are trying to study ________. A. how animals use different tools to share information B. how animals are affected by the production of sounds C. how animals are taught to talk in human sign language D. how animals communicate with one another using sounds 40. What can we learn about AI applied in digital bioacoustics? A. It pairs certain animals’ sounds with their behaviors. B. It slows down animals’ sounds within humans’ hearing range. C. It adapts voice-recognition programs to analyze animals’ sounds. D. It translates specific nonhuman sound patterns into human language. 41. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. animals can be classified according to their sound patterns B. scientists need to keep studying how animals produce sounds C. digital bioacoustics may inspire humans to rethink their relationship with animals D. the focus of digital bioacoustics should be the divide between humans and nonhumans D After years of blue-collar (蓝领) jobs being replaced by machines, advanced chatbots are now breathing down white collars. Generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT, have made impressive progress in generating human-sounding language and understanding context. So much so that humans are no match for them in some tasks. Up to 300 million full-time jobs could be lost around the world, which is as much as 18% of the global workforce. A recent study by OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, looked at the potential for automation across 1,016 jobs. Humans and AI separately rated how well software powered by large-language models, which are trained on a sea of information from the Internet and then reacted quickly to specific functions, could perform 19,000 tasks involved in the jobs. If the software was considered able to reduce the time it takes humans to complete the task by at least half, without a drop in quality, the task was considered ready for AI replacement. For other tasks, the company imagined additional software that could be added to the model, such as computer tools that can automatically pull fresh data from the Internet. They found that 80% of Americans could have at least 10% of their work tasks done by advanced AI tools. The figure rises to 50% of tasks for around 19% of workers. This automation should not be feared. It could free workers from repeated tasks, contributing to greater productivity. A study published on April 5 suggests that generative AI could bring about sweeping changes to the global economy. As these tools could drive a 7% increase in global GDP and lift productivity by 1.5 percentage points over a 10-year period. But studies like this may overstate the potential for automation, ignoring some tacit skills (隐性技能) in professions they know less about. Human qualities important for some jobs, such as empathy or charisma (感召力), will be overlooked. And not all tasks capable of being carried out by AI should be: a man in love should feel it a shame for using it to write a love letter to his beloved girlfriend however touching and sincere it may sound. Many businesses are also not willing to accept AI. And those who have already accepted it are at the risk of practical and legal (法律的) confusion. When chatbots do not know what to say, they often talk nonsense. The “creative” output they produce is based on a mixture of data sourced from the Internet, raising issues around accuracy, privacy and intellectual property (知识产权). While much is unknown about how generative AI will influence the world economy and society, and it will take time to play out, there are clear signs that the effects could be profound. But in the real world, AI tools will still need handlers. That may even end up creating new jobs. 42. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A To show the popularity of AI tools. B. To compare the impacts of AI on blue and white collars. C. To give examples of using generative AI tools. D. To draw readers’ attention to the possible threat of AI. 43. According to the study by Open AI, AI can replace humans when________. A. it can perform certain creative tasks B. it can develop important human qualities like empathy C. AI tools improve productivity without damaging quality D. automation is powered by large-language models 44. The author would probably agree that________. A. AI and automation do more harm than good B. AI will eventually take over human jobs C. AI tools may help increase employment D. human qualities are not necessary for automation 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. _____45_____ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). _____46_____ Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work. Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. ____47____ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout (倦怠) over time. Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics (道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this. ____48____ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within. ____49____ Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills—valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. A. Why are boundaries important? B. However, they are equally, if not more, important. C. Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them. D. Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful. E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. F. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict. G. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 For most 12-year-olds, any free time after school is spent hanging out with friends, competing in sports, or playing video games. But Alejandro Buxton has another dream: making all-natural candles that he sells online and at a local mall. The idea was inspired by his mother, who had to give up many of the scented candles she’d filled their home with after realizing the chemicals within them were worsening her allergies (过敏), causing her frequent headaches. So in 2019, at just 9 years old, the boy started experimenting with making his own, mixing ingredients like soy and coconut waxes with essential oils. He called his first work “Jurassic Orange,” for its color and pleasant smell. Though his mother was a big fan, and the scent didn’t cause her head to ache, Buxton wanted to improve upon his work. Within the next few months, he’d developed a line of six uniquely scented candles. By the following year, during the worldwide lockdowns, he’d created his own online shop. Soon after, Alejandro began selling his products on his own website, “Smell of Love Candles,” where shoppers can find offerings with creative names like “Sage the Day!” and “Alexa, clean the house.” He also lists other products such as room sprays for sale. According to the site, his younger sister Valentina serves as assistant of operations while his mother takes the role of assistant to the CEO. Now, he is operating his business in a local mall as well. This past September, he opened a stand in D.C.’s Tysons Corner shopping center—making him the youngest leaseholder (承租人) at the mall. Besides inspiring fellow kids with his entrepreneurial spirit and talent, Alejandro is also a positive role model for giving back and making a difference: He donates a part of his profits to a local charity. With the experience and knowledge he’s gaining from running this business at such a young age, Alejandro hopes to one day go on to create an engineering business. 50. What is Alejandro’s dream? ________________ 51. Why did the boy come up with the idea? ________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. • Alejandro is a successful businessman because he began his candle business and started an engineering business at a young age. ________________ 53. Among Alejandro’s qualities which one do you think will be important for you? Why? (In about 40 words) ________________ 第二节 作文（20分） 54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。学校将于今年7月组织戏剧节，你们班计划表演某英文剧片段，想邀请外教Jim做指导教师。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.计划参演的英文剧； 2.指导需求。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：戏剧drama Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025学年度第二学期期末模拟测试 高一英语 （考试时间100分钟 满分100分） 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I left my home country to pursue a doctor’s degree in the UK. I thought I was supposed to focus only on the ___1___. So, when colleagues invited me to join them for a coffee chat, I tended to kindly reply “Maybe next time”. I spent my days mostly alone, ___2___ in my work. Eventually I found I was fighting increasing ___3___ till it hit a breaking point. The nights were long and dark. I scrolled social media to pass the time. I even tried “talking” to ChatGPT. But I couldn’t feel better. It was my tutor, Ms. Murphy who finally helped me see my ___4___ from a new perspective (视角). After I told her how I had been feeling these last months, she ___5___,“Perhaps it is not about finding someone to talk to at night. Maybe it is about talking to more of your colleagues during the day.” Her suggestion made me realize that I had been looking for the answer in the ___6___ direction. She helped me see that joining in the people around me would improve my state of mind and even ___7___ my work. I began to chat with friends more and realized we were all dealing with challenges, professionally and personally. I can’t do everything ___8___. Instead, I should team with friends and work together on common goals and challenges. I also need to take some time away from work to enjoy previously ___9___ parts of life. That is how life should be, enriched and colorful. The nights are still as long as before. However, they are not as ____10____, as I have seen the bright light in the day. 1. A. health B. work C. custom D. life 2. A. settled B. hired C. accepted D. buried 3. A. loneliness B. tiredness C. carelessness D. selfishness 4. A. education B. situation C. intention D. emotion 5. A. announced B. continued C. advised D. whispered 6. A. same B. general C. new D. wrong 7. A. contribute to B. result in C. watch over D. set an example for 8. A. creatively B. independently C. gradually D. regularly 9. A. assumed B. selected C. ignored D. judged 10. A. busy B. short C. dark D. silent 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者离开祖国去英国读博，因整日埋头于学业而倍感孤独，为了战胜孤独，作者开始建立自己的交际圈，在与朋友交流的过程中体会到自己应该和朋友合作，而不是独立解决所有困难。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为我应该只专注于工作。A. health健康；B. work工作；C. custom习俗；D. life生活。根据下文“I spent my days mostly alone, ___2___ in my work”可知，作者专注于工作，故选B。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大部分时间都是一个人，埋头工作。A. settled定居；B. hired雇用；C. accepted接受；D. buried专心于。根据上文“I thought I was supposed to focus only on the ___1___.”中的“focus on”可知，此处指一个人埋头工作，故选D。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我发现自己一直在与日益增加的孤独感作斗争，直到它达到了极限。A. loneliness孤独；B. tiredness疲惫；C. carelessness粗心；D. selfishness自私。根据上文“I spent my days mostly alone”可知，作者感到孤独，故选A。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我的导师Murphy女士最终帮助我从一个新的角度看待我的处境。A. education教育；B. situation情况；C. intention意图；D. emotion情感。结合上文“But I couldn’t feel better.”以及空后“from a new perspective (视角)”可知，作者只埋头于工作，孤独无法排解，此处指导师Murphy女士最终帮助作者从一个新的角度看待自己的处境，故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我告诉她我最近几个月的感受之后，她建议说：“也许这不是找个人在晚上说话的问题。也许是在白天和更多的同事交谈。”A. announced宣布；B. continued继续；C. advised建议；D. whispered耳语。根据下文“Her suggestion”可知，导师给作者提建议，故选C。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的建议使我意识到我一直在错误的方向寻找答案。A. same相同的；B. general一般的；C. new新的；D. wrong错误的。上文“So, when colleagues invited me to join them for a coffee chat, I tended to kindly reply “Maybe next time”. I spent my days mostly alone(因此，当同事邀请我和他们一起喝咖啡聊天时，我往往会友好地回答：‘也许下次吧’。我大部分时间都是独自度过的)”提到作者不和周围人社交，根据下文“She helped me see that joining in the people around me would improve my state of mind”可知，导师帮助作者认识到，加入周围的人会改善精神状态，故作者之前一直在错误的方向寻找答案，故选D。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她帮助我认识到，加入我周围的人会改善我的精神状态，甚至有助于我的工作。A. contribute to有助于，促进；B. result in导致；C. watch over照看；D. set an example for为……树立榜样。空处和“improve my state of mind”并列，是说明好处，even表示递进关系，故此处指加入周围的人会改善精神状态，甚至有助于工作，故选A。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不能独立做每件事。A. creatively创造性地；B. independently独立地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. regularly有规律地。根据下文“Instead, I should team with friends and work together on common goals and challenges.(相反，我应该与朋友合作，为共同的目标和挑战而努力)”可知，不能独立做每件事情，故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也需要从工作中抽出一些时间来享受以前被忽视的生活。A. assumed假设；B. selected选择；C. ignored忽视；D. judged评价。根据上文“So, when colleagues invited me to join them for a coffee chat, I tended to kindly reply “Maybe next time”.(因此，当同事邀请我和他们一起喝咖啡聊天时，我往往会友好地回答：‘也许下次吧’)”可知，以前作者会拒绝同事的邀请，即忽视工作以外的社交生活，故此处指需要从工作中抽出一些时间来享受以前被忽视的生活，故选C。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们并不像以前那样黑暗，因为我在白天看到过明亮的光。A. busy忙碌的；B. short短的；C. dark黑暗的；D. silent沉默的，寂静的。此处呼应首段中“The nights were long and dark.”，结合空后“as I have seen the bright light in the day”可知，作者见过白天明亮的光，故夜晚不像以前那么黑暗了，故选C。 第二节 选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。 be covered with admire take action make a difference to in spite of put out take charge of proceed with come across be stuck in 11. The problems have been fixed and we can ________ the work now. 12. If the manager retires soon, Jack ________ the company and make changes. 13. The soldiers have done a(n) ________ job in making sure that all the supplies got through. 14. While I was reading the newspaper, I ________ an interesting article about space exploration. 15. Having a good teacher ________ students career paths. 16. The wind blew in from the desert yesterday. Now, everything ________ sand. 17. The rescue teams couldn’t arrive on time because the car wheels ________ the mud. 18. We must ________ to stop the harmful effects of passive smoking on people’s health. 19. Firefighters could do dangerous jobs like ________ fires or working on high buildings. 20. The scientists insisted on carrying out the experiment ________ all kinds of difficulties. 【答案】11. proceed with 12. will take charge of 13. admirable 14. came across 15. makes a difference to 16. is covered with 17. were stuck in 18. take action 19. putting out 20. in spite of 【解析】 【11题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：问题已经解决了，我们现在可以继续开展这项工作了。根据“The problems have been fixed”可知，此处指继续进行工作，proceed with为固定短语，意为“继续进行”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填proceed with。 【12题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：如果经理很快退休，杰克将会接管公司并做出变革。根据“the manager retires soon”及“the company and make changes”可知，此处指接管公司，take charge of为固定短语，意为“接管；负责”；本句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”。故填will take charge of。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：士兵们出色地完成了确保所有物资顺利送达的工作。根据“in making sure that all the supplies got through”可知，此处修饰名词job，应用形容词，admire的形容词形式为admirable，意为“令人钦佩的；出色的”，符合语境。故填admirable。 【14题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：我看报纸的时候，偶然看到了一篇关于太空探索的有趣文章。根据“an interesting article about space exploration”可知，此处指偶然发现文章，come across为固定短语，意为“偶然遇见；发现”；结合was reading可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。故填came across。 【15题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：有一位好老师会对学生的职业道路产生影响。根据“students career paths”可知，此处指产生影响，make a difference to为固定短语，意为“对……产生影响”；句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Having a good teacher为动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填makes a difference to。 【16题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：昨天风从沙漠吹了进来，现在所有东西都被沙子覆盖了。根据“sand”可知，此处指被沙子覆盖，be covered with为固定短语，意为“被……覆盖”；结合Now可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语everything为不定代词，be动词用is。故填is covered with。 【17题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：救援队没能按时到达，因为车轮陷进了泥里。根据“the mud”可知，此处指陷进泥里，be stuck in为固定短语，意为“陷入；被困在”；结合couldn’t可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语the car wheels为复数，be动词用were。故填were stuck in。 【18题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我们必须采取行动阻止二手烟对人们健康的有害影响。根据“to stop the harmful effects of passive smoking on people’s health”可知，此处指采取行动，take action为固定短语，意为“采取行动”，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填take action。 【19题详解】 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：消防员会做一些危险的工作，比如灭火或在高层建筑上作业。根据“fires”可知，此处指灭火，put out为固定短语，意为“扑灭；熄灭”；like为介词，后接动名词形式作宾语。故填putting out。 【20题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们仍坚持进行这项实验。根据“all kinds of difficulties”及“insisted on carrying out the experiment”的转折关系可知，此处指尽管有困难，in spite of为固定短语，意为“尽管；不管”。故填in spite of。 第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. I have a friend with ________ I share a passion for traveling. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个朋友，和我一样对旅行充满热情。此处考查定语从句，先行词a friend指人，介词with后接关系代词whom，在定语从句中作宾语。故填whom。 22. Here is the very book ________ I am looking for. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这正是我在找那本书。先行词是book，被the very修饰，且关系代词在定语从句中作look for的宾语，此时定语从句的关系代词只能用that。故填that。 23. Last July, it rained heavily in the south, ________ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】causing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年七月，南方下起了大雨，在几个省份引发了严重的洪水。此句中已有谓语动词rained，空格处应用非谓语形式，现在分词causing作结果状语，表自然而然的结果，与主句动作存在逻辑上的因果关系。故填causing。 24. It is important to avoid ________ (waste) time and make good use of every minute. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】wasting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：避免浪费时间、充分利用每一分钟是很重要的。动词avoid后需接动名词形式作宾语，意为“避免做某事”。故填wasting。 25. Last year, the company’s CEO ________ (award) “Best of the Year” for his outstanding leadership and his great contribution to the company’s success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was awarded 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：去年，该公司的首席执行官因其出色的领导能力以及对公司成功的巨大贡献，被授予“年度最佳人物”称号。主语the company’s CEO与award授予之间是被动关系，且时间状语Last year表示过去，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。 26. I could get you a job here if that’s ________ you want. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：如果这就是你想要的，我可以在这儿给你找份工作。系动词is后为表语从句，从句中want后缺少宾语，指“想要的东西”，需用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 27. We managed ________ (get) over the adversities in learning English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to get 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们成功克服了英语学习中的种种困境。此处为manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”，所以使用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to get。 28. Dr. Brown is a senior professor ________ views are widely respected. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：布朗博士是一位资深教授，他的观点广受尊敬。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a senior professor，先行词与从句中views构成所属关系，表示“教授的观点”，使用关系代词whose。故填whose。 29. This small mountain village is a beautiful place ________ I spent my childhood. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个小山村是我度过童年的一个美丽地方。此处考查定语从句，先行词a beautiful place指地点，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 30. Over the past ten years, he ________ (overcome) various difficulties in his career, achieving remarkable success and recognition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has overcome 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的十年里，他在职业生涯中克服了各种困难，取得了显著的成功和认可。句中Over the past ten years是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，强调动作从过去开始持续到现在并产生了结果，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填has overcome。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The National Gallery of Art is a public art museum in Washington, D.C. It contains a large collection of paintings, prints, drawings, photographs, and other works of art. Come and enjoy some wonderful shows. Present Exhibitions Going Through Hell: The Divine Dante April 9 — July 16, 2023 West Building, Main Floor, Gallery 10-11 Dante was an Italian poet and writer. His Divine Comedy has been one of the most powerful works in western literature for over 700 years. Come and explore the impacts of this great work in the collection of some 20 works, including the early prints of Divine Comedy, drawings on paper from the 15th to 20th century and more. Drawing in Britain, 1700-1900: New Additions to the Collection April 2 — August 6, 2023 West Building, Ground Floor This exhibition includes about 80 recently acquired artworks. You can see not only traditional landscape paintings, but also many life-like portraits(肖像) and paintings of historical scenes. These pieces are sure to give you an understanding of British art over two centuries. Philip Guston Now March 2 — August 27, 2023 East Building, Hall Philip Guston is one of America’s most influential modern artists, famous in his time and in ours. Through more than 150 paintings and drawings, you can get a sense of the change of his artistic style through the years. His works continue to raise thoughts about beauty, freedom, and more. Opening Times The National Gallery of Art is open from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm, including public holidays. Last admission is at 4:00 pm, one hour before closing. Parking There is no public parking at the National Gallery of Art, but limited parking spaces are set aside for visitors with disabilities. Parking is available on surrounding streets and in commercial garages. If you have any questions please call (202)737-4215 or send us an email at visit@nga.gov. 31. What can you see in the National Gallery of Art? A. The 20 works of Dante. B. Newly gained British artworks. C. Phillip Guston’s works of literature. D. Landscape paintings of Washington, D.C. 32. The National Gallery of Art . A. offers enough car parking spaces for visitors B. contains the largest art collection in the US C. admits visitors from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm D. shows the 17th-century paintings in the East Building 33. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To spread art knowledge. B. To describe works of world-famous artists. C. To introduce worldwide wonderful exhibitions. D. To give information about a public art museum. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍华盛顿特区的国家美术馆及其当下展览、开放时间、停车等相关信息。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Drawing in Britain, 1700 - 1900: New Additions to the Collection”部分中的“This exhibition includes about 80 recently acquired artworks. You can see not only traditional landscape paintings, but also many life-like portraits (肖像) and paintings of historical scenes. These pieces are sure to give you an understanding of British art over two centuries. (本次展览包括约80件近期收购的艺术作品。你不仅能看到传统的风景画，还能看到许多栩栩如生的肖像画以及历史场景画。 这些作品一定会让你了解两个多世纪以来的英国艺术。)”可知，可以在国家美术馆看到新获得的英国艺术品，故选B项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Opening Times”部分中的“The National Gallery of Art is open from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm, including public holidays. Last admission is at 4:00 pm, one hour before closing. (国家美术馆开放时间为上午10点至下午5点，包括公共节假日。最后入场时间为下午4点，即闭馆前一小时。)”可知，国家美术馆从上午10点到下午4点接待游客，故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The National Gallery of Art is a public art museum in Washington, D.C. It contains a large collection of paintings, prints, drawings, photographs, and other works of art. Come and enjoy some wonderful shows. (美国国家美术馆是位于华盛顿特区的一座公共艺术博物馆。它收藏了大量的绘画、版画、素描、照片及其他艺术作品。快来欣赏一些精彩的展览吧。)”可知，文章开头介绍国家美术馆是华盛顿特区的一个公共艺术博物馆，接着介绍当下的展览、开放时间、停车等信息，所以本文的目的是提供关于一个公共艺术博物馆的信息，故选D项。 B The first time Terry attended a meeting of the Tahquamenon Sportsmen’s Club, they made him vice president — and he wasn’t even a member. By his second visit, the few members left in the dying organization had put him in charge of the whole thing. The club began in the 1920s. Back then, hunting and fishing were pastimes in rural areas. The culture, however, is different now. When Terry took over the century-old club, it was on its last legs. Only a couple dozen members remained, and most were older than its new 68-year-old president. They were no longer doing the things they’d been known for. Worst of all, their famous fishing tackle party had been canceled twice, once just because they simply didn’t have enough members to pull it off. He wanted to push hard to keep the organization going, because it is one of the things that make up the heart and soul of Newberry. He had to look for new members. He needed to broaden the club’s offerings to attract younger people. More than anything else, he had to make sure the tackle party for kids took place once again. Little by little, Terry’s efforts worked. People began asking about memberships. Some sent contributions. Others offered their time. A local company donated new siding for the clubhouse. Someone else said they would put a new roof on it. Someone came and mowed the lawn (草坪) when it got long in the summer. Others cleared the snow in the winter. All over town, people and businesses promised to help the club survive and succeed. On the day of the annual Kids Tackle Party, hundreds of kids and their families appeared. Terry started the event with a speech. A local fishing expert gave tips on how to catch fish. Then, one at a time, each of the 245 kids was called by name, and every one of them got a fishing pole and a tackle box. It took more than three hours to get through everyone who showed up. It was a big event, one that came close to dying, but was finally back. Terry fought to keep the club and party for kids, a longtime tradition in the Newberry community, going. Traditions are dying these days, but he was able to get people to hold onto this one. 34. When Terry took over the club,________. A. he was the youngest member B. the club was struggling to survive C. hunting was a popular pastime D. the culture of the club remained 35. To keep the organization going, what did Terry put at the top of his to-do list? A. Ensuring the return of the tackle party for kids. B. Broadening people’s minds in Newberry. C. Searching for help from his neighborhood. D. Offering appealing activities to attract new members. 36. What did the townspeople do to help the club? A. They fixed the clubhouse roof. B. They grew grass. C. They donated fishing poles. D. They removed the snow. 37. What can we learn from the story? A. Interest does not lie. B. A hero shows up during challenging times. C. The discovery of tradition matters. D. Sometimes hard work doesn’t pay off. 【答案】34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了特里接手濒临消亡的体育俱乐部后，努力挽救，带动全镇民众助力，让俱乐部重焕生机，还恢复了当地经典的儿童渔具派对传统。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Terry took over the century-old club, it was on its last legs. Only a couple dozen members remained, and most were older than its new 68-year-old president.(当特里接手这个有着百年历史的俱乐部时，它已经奄奄一息了。只剩下几十个会员，而且大多数都比这位68岁的新会长年纪大)”可知，特里接手俱乐部时，这个俱乐部正艰难求生。故选B项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“More than anything else, he had to make sure the tackle party for kids took place once again.(最重要的是，他必须确保儿童渔具派对能再次举办)”可知，为了让俱乐部继续运营，特里把确保儿童渔具派对的回归列为首要任务。故选A项。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Others cleared the snow in the winter.(其他人则在冬天清理积雪)”可知，镇上的民众会为俱乐部清理积雪来提供帮助。故选D项。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，俱乐部濒临消亡时特里接手，他竭力想办法挽救，带动全镇民众纷纷伸出援手，最终让俱乐部重焕生机、经典传统得以恢复，特里在俱乐部的艰难时刻挺身而出并带来转机。由此推知，危难时刻方显英雄本色。故选B项。 In the 1970s, a gorilla (大猩猩) known as Koko became world-famous when scientists taught her to use human sign language to communicate with people. There were numerous attempts in the mid-1900s to teach human language to nonhumans, such as Koko. But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language. Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods. This new field of study is known as digital bioacoustics, and it involves using tools to understand the production of sounds and their effects on living things. Scientists in this field are using sensors, which are devices that pick up and record information on physical or chemical conditions. Some are also using artificial intelligence (AI) technology, an approach that uses algorithms (算法). The same algorithms that we use in tools such as Google Translate to translate documents can also be used to find patterns in nonhuman communication. Jeremy of Tel Aviv University studied nearly two dozen Egyptian fruit bats for two and a half months and recorded their vocalizations. His team adapted a voice-recognition program to study 15,000 of the sounds. The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds. Jeremy and other researchers have found that bats have a much more complex language than we previously understood. Bats argue over food; they distinguish (区分) between genders when they communicate with one another and they have individual names, or “signature calls”. That’s a great example of how AI is able to find these patterns from information gathered by sensors and microphones. AI reveals things that we can’t hear with our human ears alone because most bat communication happens above our hearing range, and because bats speak much faster than we do, we have to slow it down to listen to it. So we cannot listen like a bat, but our computers can. And our computers can also speak back to the bat by producing specific patterns. Digital bioacoustics is like an amazing hearing aid. It lets us listen to animals with both our digitally enhanced (增强的) ears and our imagination. This is slowly opening our minds not only to the wonderful sounds that nonhumans make, but to a fundamental set of questions about the so-called divide between humans and nonhumans, as well as our connection to other species. It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful. 38. Regarding scientists’ efforts to teach animals human language, the author feels ________. A. negative B. unconcerned C. uncertain D. supportive 39 Scientists in digital bioacoustics are trying to study ________. A. how animals use different tools to share information B. how animals are affected by the production of sounds C. how animals are taught to talk in human sign language D. how animals communicate with one another using sounds 40. What can we learn about AI applied in digital bioacoustics? A. It pairs certain animals’ sounds with their behaviors. B. It slows down animals’ sounds within humans’ hearing range. C. It adapts voice-recognition programs to analyze animals’ sounds. D. It translates specific nonhuman sound patterns into human language. 41. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. animals can be classified according to their sound patterns B. scientists need to keep studying how animals produce sounds C. digital bioacoustics may inspire humans to rethink their relationship with animals D. the focus of digital bioacoustics should be the divide between humans and nonhumans 【答案】38. A 39. D 40. A 41. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是科学家们正试图弄清楚生物是如何用它们独特的方法共享信息的。这个新的研究领域被称为数字生物声学，它不仅让我们听到了非人类发出的美妙声音，而且让我们看到了一系列关于所谓的人类和非人类之间的鸿沟的基本问题，以及我们与其他物种的联系。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But what we should have been thinking about was their abilities to engage in complex communication on their own terms instead of trying to teach an animal to talk to us in human language.(但我们应该考虑的是它们用自己的方式进行复杂交流的能力，而不是试图教会动物用人类的语言与我们交谈。)”可知作者认为我们应该考虑让动物用它们自己的方式进行复杂交流，而不是试图教会动物用人类的语言与我们交谈，所以作者对于科学家教动物人类语言的努力的态度是消极的。故选A项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today scientists are trying to figure out how living things already share information using their particular methods..(今天，科学家们正试图弄清楚生物是如何用它们独特的方法共享信息的。)”可知数字生物声学的科学家们正试图研究动物是如何利用它们独特的方法即声音相互交流的。故选D项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The algorithm matched specific sounds with specific things the bats were doing. Using this program, the researchers were able to classify most of the bats’ sounds.(该算法将特定的声音与蝙蝠正在做的特定事情相匹配。利用这个程序，研究人员能够对大多数蝙蝠的声音进行分类。)”可知应用于数字生物声学的人工智能将某些动物的声音与它们的行为配对。故选A项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s also opening up new ways to think about protecting living things and our relationship with the planet. It’s pretty meaningful.(它也开辟了新的方式来思考保护生物和我们与地球的关系。这很有意义。)”可知作者认为数字生物声学可能会激发人类重新思考他们与动物的关系。故选C项。 D After years of blue-collar (蓝领) jobs being replaced by machines, advanced chatbots are now breathing down white collars. Generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT, have made impressive progress in generating human-sounding language and understanding context. So much so that humans are no match for them in some tasks. Up to 300 million full-time jobs could be lost around the world, which is as much as 18% of the global workforce. A recent study by OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, looked at the potential for automation across 1,016 jobs. Humans and AI separately rated how well software powered by large-language models, which are trained on a sea of information from the Internet and then reacted quickly to specific functions, could perform 19,000 tasks involved in the jobs. If the software was considered able to reduce the time it takes humans to complete the task by at least half, without a drop in quality, the task was considered ready for AI replacement. For other tasks, the company imagined additional software that could be added to the model, such as computer tools that can automatically pull fresh data from the Internet. They found that 80% of Americans could have at least 10% of their work tasks done by advanced AI tools. The figure rises to 50% of tasks for around 19% of workers. This automation should not be feared. It could free workers from repeated tasks, contributing to greater productivity. A study published on April 5 suggests that generative AI could bring about sweeping changes to the global economy. As these tools could drive a 7% increase in global GDP and lift productivity by 1.5 percentage points over a 10-year period. But studies like this may overstate the potential for automation, ignoring some tacit skills (隐性技能) in professions they know less about. Human qualities important for some jobs, such as empathy or charisma (感召力), will be overlooked. And not all tasks capable of being carried out by AI should be: a man in love should feel it a shame for using it to write a love letter to his beloved girlfriend however touching and sincere it may sound. Many businesses are also not willing to accept AI. And those who have already accepted it are at the risk of practical and legal (法律的) confusion. When chatbots do not know what to say, they often talk nonsense. The “creative” output they produce is based on a mixture of data sourced from the Internet, raising issues around accuracy, privacy and intellectual property (知识产权). While much is unknown about how generative AI will influence the world economy and society, and it will take time to play out, there are clear signs that the effects could be profound. But in the real world, AI tools will still need handlers. That may even end up creating new jobs. 42. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To show the popularity of AI tools. B. To compare the impacts of AI on blue and white collars. C. To give examples of using generative AI tools. D. To draw readers’ attention to the possible threat of AI. 43. According to the study by Open AI, AI can replace humans when________. A. it can perform certain creative tasks B. it can develop important human qualities like empathy C. AI tools improve productivity without damaging quality D. automation is powered by large-language models 44 The author would probably agree that________. A. AI and automation do more harm than good B. AI will eventually take over human jobs C. AI tools may help increase employment D. human qualities are not necessary for automation 【答案】42. D 43. C 44. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍生成式AI对白领工作的冲击及相关研究结果，分析其带来的经济利好，也指出其局限性与问题，还说明其影响深远且或催生新工作。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After years of blue-collar (蓝领) jobs being replaced by machines, advanced chatbots are now breathing down white collars.(多年来蓝领工作被机器取代后，先进的聊天机器人如今正逼近白领岗位。)”和“Up to 300 million full-time jobs could be lost around the world, which is as much as 18% of the global workforce.(全球可能会失去多达3亿个全职工作岗位，占全球劳动力的18%。)”可知，第一段通过指出AI对白领的冲击和可能造成的大规模失业，吸引读者关注AI带来的潜在威胁。故选D项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If the software was considered able to reduce the time it takes humans to complete the task by at least half, without a drop in quality, the task was considered ready for AI replacement.(如果该软件被认为能在不降低质量的情况下，将人类完成任务的时间缩短至少一半，那么这项任务就被认为可以由人工智能取代。)”可知，根据OpenAI的研究，当人工智能工具能在不损害质量的前提下提高生产效率时，就能取代人类。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But in the real world, AI tools will still need handlers. That may even end up creating new jobs.(但在现实世界中，人工智能工具仍然需要操作人员，这甚至可能最终创造出新的工作岗位。)”可知，作者认为人工智能工具需要人操作且可能催生新工作，由此可推知其可能认同人工智能工具或许有助于增加就业这一观点。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. _____45_____ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). _____46_____ Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work. Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. ____47____ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout (倦怠) over time. Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics (道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this. ____48____ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within. ____49____ Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills—valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. A. Why are boundaries important? B. However, they are equally, if not more, important. C. Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them. D. Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful. E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. F. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict. G. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time 【答案】45. E 46. B 47. G 48. F 49. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了职场边界的不同类型，包括身体、情感、心理及复合边界，同时阐释设立职场边界的重要意义与作用。 【45题详解】 根据前文“What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. (你可能会问，什么是边界？边界是界定你与他人或事物之间关系的一种限度)”以及后文“If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. (如果你告知过他人这是你的办公区域、你的桌子或是你的椅子，那你就已经尝试设立身体边界了)”可知，前文对边界下定义，后文具体介绍了身体边界，此空应总述边界的不同类型，引出后文的具体分类介绍，E选项“Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. (边界可以是身体上的、心理上的、情感上的、有形的或是无形的)”总括了边界的多种类型，其中的physical与后文的physical boundaries相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 【46题详解】 根据前文“It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). (身体边界往往更容易被理解。情感或心理边界则可能更为微妙)”可知，前文对比了身体边界与情感、心理边界的理解难度，此空应承接该内容，说明尽管情感和心理边界更微妙，但重要性并不亚于甚至超过身体边界，B选项“However, they are equally, if not more, important. (然而，即便不是更重要，它们也有着同等的重要性)”中的they指代前文的Emotional or mental boundaries，通过However转折，强调其重要性，符合语境。故选B项。 【47题详解】 根据前文“Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. (有时我们设立的边界，是身体边界与情感边界的结合体)”以及后文“One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. (其中一个例子是，被反复要求在工作日、周末或是休假期间加班。另一个例子是，被要求接待过多的客户或病人，以至于一天结束后倍感疲惫，到了周五更是筋疲力尽)”可知，前文提出了身心复合边界的概念，后文举了相关例子，此空应先阐释这类复合边界的特点，引出后文的举例，G选项“Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time (这类边界的产生往往源于我们被要求长期做超出自身能力范围的事)”中的Such boundaries指代前文的a combination of both a physical and emotional one，阐释了该类边界的形成原因，且与后文的例子相契合，符合语境。故选G项。 【48题详解】 根据前文“Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics (道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this (心理边界与我们的信念、价值观、文化规范、道德和准则相关。例如，你崇尚一种尊重、善待员工与客户且秉持道德行事的职场文化。六个月后，你发现公司领导层的行为方式始终与这一理念相悖)”可知，前文举例说明个人心理边界中的价值观与公司行为不符的情况，此空应承接该内容，说明这种不符带来的结果，F选项“Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict. (你的价值观和道德准则与公司的不符，这很可能会引发内心的矛盾)”承接前文的价值观相悖的情况，点明其带来的内心冲突，且与后文的压力和身体症状相衔接，符合语境。故选F项。 【49题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，概括本段核心内容，根据后文“Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. (边界有着诸多作用。它们能保护我们、明确我们的责任、保存我们的身心精力，还能让我们践行自身的价值观和行为准则。学会设立边界的技巧，能让我们更有能力将自身的价值观和幸福放在首位，更好地管理自身压力)”可知，本段核心是阐述设立职场边界的重要性和具体作用，A选项“Why are boundaries important? (为什么边界如此重要？)”以设问的方式点明本段主题，引出后文对边界重要作用的具体阐释，符合语境。故选A项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 For most 12-year-olds, any free time after school is spent hanging out with friends, competing in sports, or playing video games. But Alejandro Buxton has another dream: making all-natural candles that he sells online and at a local mall. The idea was inspired by his mother, who had to give up many of the scented candles she’d filled their home with after realizing the chemicals within them were worsening her allergies (过敏), causing her frequent headaches. So in 2019, at just 9 years old, the boy started experimenting with making his own, mixing ingredients like soy and coconut waxes with essential oils. He called his first work “Jurassic Orange,” for its color and pleasant smell. Though his mother was a big fan, and the scent didn’t cause her head to ache, Buxton wanted to improve upon his work. Within the next few months, he’d developed a line of six uniquely scented candles. By the following year, during the worldwide lockdowns, he’d created his own online shop. Soon after, Alejandro began selling his products on his own website, “Smell of Love Candles,” where shoppers can find offerings with creative names like “Sage the Day!” and “Alexa, clean the house.” He also lists other products such as room sprays for sale. According to the site, his younger sister Valentina serves as assistant of operations while his mother takes the role of assistant to the CEO. Now, he is operating his business in a local mall as well. This past September, he opened a stand in D.C.’s Tysons Corner shopping center—making him the youngest leaseholder (承租人) at the mall. Besides inspiring fellow kids with his entrepreneurial spirit and talent, Alejandro is also a positive role model for giving back and making a difference: He donates a part of his profits to a local charity. With the experience and knowledge he’s gaining from running this business at such a young age, Alejandro hopes to one day go on to create an engineering business. 50. What is Alejandro’s dream? ________________ 51. Why did the boy come up with the idea? ________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. • Alejandro is a successful businessman because he began his candle business and started an engineering business at a young age. ________________ 53. Among Alejandro’s qualities, which one do you think will be important for you? Why? (In about 40 words) ________________ 【答案】50. Making all-natural candles that he sells online and at a local mall. 51. Because his mother had to give up many of the scented candles after realizing the chemicals within them were worsening her allergies, causing her frequent headaches. 52. Alejandro is a successful businessman because he began his candle business and started an engineering business at a young age. Because he just hopes to one day go on to create an engineering business. 53. The entrepreneurial spirit. Because I’m always afraid of the trouble and obstacles possibly existing in the process of starting a business, which is the biggest problem for me to have my own business. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。12岁的亚历杭德罗·巴克斯顿自己制作了香味独特的纯天然蜡烛，并成功地拥有了自己的事业。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“But Alejandro Buxton has another dream: making all-natural candles that he sells online and at a local mall.(但亚历杭德罗·巴克斯顿还有另一个梦想：制作纯天然蜡烛，并在网上和当地一家商场出售。)”可知，亚历杭德罗的梦想是制作纯天然蜡烛，并在网上和当地一家商场出售。故答案为Making all-natural candles that he sells online and at a local mall。 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“The idea was inspired by his mother, who had to give up many of the scented candles she’d filled their home with after realizing the chemicals within them were worsening her allergies (过敏), causing her frequent headaches.(这个想法的灵感来自于他的母亲，在意识到香薰蜡烛中的化学物质会加剧她的过敏，导致她经常头痛后，她不得不放弃家里满满当当的许多香薰蜡烛。)”可知，这个男孩有了这个想法是因为他的母亲在意识到香薰蜡烛中的化学物质会加剧她的过敏，导致她经常头痛后，不得不放弃了许多香薰蜡烛。故答案为Because his mother had to give up many of the scented candles after realizing the chemicals within them were worsening her allergies, causing her frequent headaches。 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“With the experience and knowledge he’s gaining from running this business at such a young age, Alejandro hopes to one day go on to create an engineering business.(亚历杭德罗在这么年轻的时候就经营这家公司，积累了丰富的经验和知识，他希望有一天能创办一家工程公司。)”可知，亚历杭德罗只是希望，却还没有创办一家工程公司。所以“and started an engineering business”这部分是错误的。故答案为Alejandro is a successful businessman because he began his candle business and started an engineering business at a young age. Because he just hopes to one day go on to create an engineering business.。 【53题详解】 考查开放性回答。考生需要挑选文章中亚历杭德罗的一个品质，并解释为什么这一品质对自己很重要，并注意答案应控制在40个单词之内。答案为The entrepreneurial spirit. Because I’m always afraid of the trouble and obstacles possibly existing in the process of starting a business, which is the biggest problem for me to have my own business。 第二节 作文（20分） 54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。学校将于今年7月组织戏剧节，你们班计划表演某英文剧片段，想邀请外教Jim做指导教师。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.计划参演的英文剧； 2.指导需求。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：戏剧drama Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】范文1： Dear Jim, I am Li Hua, a student from Class 1, Grade 1 at Hongxing High School. Our class, which is planning to participate in the school drama festival in July, has chosen to perform a classic English drama excerpt. We are eager to have your guidance in preparing for this performance. Specifically, we would appreciate your help in improving our pronunciation, understanding the cultural context of the drama, and enhancing our acting skills. Your expertise in drama would be invaluable to us. Would you be available to guide us during some afternoons in the coming weeks? We would be grateful for any assistance that you can provide. Thank you for considering our request. (112) 范文2： Dear Jim, I am Li Hua, a student from Class 1, Grade 1 at Hongxing High School. Our class, which is planning to participate in the school drama festival in July, has chosen to perform a classic English drama excerpt from Romeo and Juliet, I am writing to invite you to be our supervisor. To ensure an authentic and compelling performance, we sincerely need your guidance in several aspects. First, could you help us refine our understanding of the characters’ emotions and motivations, especially for key scenes like the balcony monologue? Additionally, we’d appreciate your feedback on our English pronunciation and intonation to enhance the linguistic accuracy. Finally, since we aim to balance traditional staging with modern elements, your advice on interpreting the script for a contemporary audience would be invaluable. We’re eager to bring this timeless story to life and believe your expertise will make our performance memorable. Thank you for considering our request! Warm regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高一学生李华的身份给外教Jim写邮件，邀请他担任班级英文剧片段表演的指导教师，需说明计划参演的英文剧及具体指导需求。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：participate in → get involved in 渴望：eager → thirsty 指导：guidance → instruction 宝贵的：invaluable → precious 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Specifically, we would appreciate your help in improving our pronunciation, understanding the cultural context of the drama, and enhancing our acting skills. 拓展句：Specifically, we would appreciate it if you help us improve our pronunciation, understand the cultural context of the drama, and enhance our acting skills. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our class, which is planning to participate in the school drama festival in July, has chosen to perform a classic English drama excerpt.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】We would be grateful for any assistance that you can provide.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $