UNIT 11 SECTION Ⅲ GRAMMAR（学生版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（北师大版）

英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 ◆[规律总结] (错误分析)had(just/never/,hardly) be about to do...when... done..when/before..“刚做完…这 正要做…这时 时…”。此类句型的主句要使用过去完成 be on the point of doing...when... 时。故填had reached。 正要做…这时… ◆[“四翼”考查]一应用性 be doing..when..正在做…这时… 完成句子 had (just/never/hardly)done...when/be- ①Tom fore..刚做完…这时… his father came in. ◆[经典佳句] 汤姆正在玩电脑游戏，这时他爸爸进 My mother was putting her groceries into 来了。 shopping bags when a stranger came up ②Last night I to her. the phone rang. 我妈妈正把购物放进袋子，这时一位陌生人 昨天晚上我正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃 向她走来。 响了。 They were about to give up/on the point of ③He giving up when the teacher encouraged them supper was served. to continue. 他刚刚读完这本书，这时晚饭就端上 他们快要放弃时，老师鼓励他们坚持下去。 来了。 She had just finished her homework when ◆[“四翼”考查]一创新性 her mother asked her to practice playing the 同义句转换 piano yesterday. 4He was just about to jump up when he 昨天她刚做完作业，她的妈妈就让她练习弹 felt something moving near his feet. 钢琴。 →He ◆[误区规避]一语法填空 he felt something moving They (reach)Edinburgh when/ near his feet. before they were ordered to returned to C温馨提 London.(可能失误)填reached。 学习至此，请完成配套训练UNIT11 SECTION (正确表达)填had reached。 SECTIONⅢI 禁餐 GRAMMAR 项辅一疑 乃附学时社、晚 语活。体悟精析 GRAMMAR 1- 被动语态 语境美文 语法感悟 My best friend,Jack,is very clever but a little (1)1、9两处can表示能力。 naughty.Jack 1.can not only sing but also play the pi- (2)2、8两处表示“意愿”。 ano well.He 2.will help anyone who 3.should have (3)3、7处should表示“概率很低”，可 got into trouble. 译为“万一”。 During class he 4.would talk for a while when the teacher is absent,and says:"Our teacher 5.can't stay (4)4处would表示“习惯”，可译为 “会”。 in the office.He 6.might have gone home for a rest.If (5)5处can't和6处might表示“可能 the teacher 7.should catch us talking,I 8.would take the responsibility.We 9.can't help laughing. 性”，可译为“不可能，可能”。 ·50· UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 用来表明说话者情绪、态度和语气等的动词，叫做情态动词。它表示人的能力、推测、请求、 义务、意愿、需要等。情态动词本身具有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，需要和其他实义动词一 起构成谓语。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外)，但有些情态动词有过去式。否定式在 其后加not,疑问句则将其置于主语之前。英语中常用的情态动词主要有can,could,may,might, must,shall,should,will,would,ought to,need,dare,used to,have to,had better Ⅱ.基本用法 I.基本构成 1.can/can't 常见的情态动词的否定式及否定缩略式， 情态动词 基本用法 如下表所示： 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略式 “能，会”，表示一种能力 can cannot can't “可能”，表示客观上的一种可能 could could not couldn't can 性，“有时可能会…” must must not mustn't should not “可以”，表示请求许可 should shouldn't will will not won't “不能”，表示禁止 would would not wouldn't can't “不可能”，表示否定的可能性 have to do not have to don't have to need need not needn't (1)can表示“客观上的某种可能性”时，往往 had better 用于否定句和疑问句，若表示“肯定的推 had better not 'd better not 测”则用must。 ◆[语境感悟] (2)can与be able to的区别 My mother can't use the computer yet. can表示一种能力，表示主语本身具有的 我妈妈还不会使用电脑。 Could you speak a little clearly? 某种能力，只有现在时和过去时两种形式； 你能说清楚一点吗？ be able to表示经过努力后能做某事，有多 Mr.Smith is absent.He may be ill. 种时态。 史密斯先生缺席，他可能病了。 ◆[语境感悟] You shall get what you want if you behave She can drive,but she can't ride a bicycle. well. 她会开车，但她不会骑自行车。（能力) 如果表现好的话，你就会得到你想要的东西。 -Can I use your telephone? We should respect our teachers and parents. 我可以用一下你的电话吗？ 我们应该尊重老师和父母。 -Yes,of course you can. Oil will float on water. 当然可以。（许可） 油会浮在水面上。 Jogging can be harmful to health. He dares to do what he wants to. 慢跑有时候可能会对健康有害。（一种可 只要他想做，他就敢做。 能性) ·51 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 The door is locked.She can't be at home. 3.ought to/ought not to 门是锁着的。她不可能在家。（表示推测） 情态动词 基本用法 You can't smoke in the office. “应当、应该”，表示给别人的 在办公室内你不能抽烟。（表示禁止） ought to 种建议或义务、责任 ◆[即学活用1]一选词填空 ①Mary (can;can't)speak three “不应当、不应该”，表示建议 ought not to languages and she is studying the fourth 别人不要做某事 language. ought to的否定形式是在ought后加not; ②This (can;can't)be done by 一般疑问句是将ought直接提前；反意疑问 him,for he was not here. 句有两种形式，“shouldn't+主语”或 ③He (could;was able “oughtn't+主语”；ought to have done表示 to)go to the party yesterday evening in “过去应该做却没有做”的一种虚拟语气。 spite of the heavy rain. ◆[语境感悟] 2.have to/not have to You ought to finish your work before you 情态动词 基本用法 go home. 你应该在回家之前完成你的工作。 “必须，不得不”，表示客观上 have to You ought to obey your parents when they 的需要 are right. not have to “没有必要”，相当于needn't 当你的父母是对的时候你应该顺从他们。 You ought not to smoke so much. ◆[语境感悟] 你不应该抽这么多烟。 It is late.I have to go home now. ◆[即学活用3]一完成句子/翻译句子 天很晚了。我现在必须回家。 ①You -Do I have to go there now? any time. 我现在就得去那儿吗？ 你不应该浪费时间。 No,you don't have to./No,you needn't. ②You polite to your teachers. 不，你不必。 你对老师应该有礼貌。 ◆[即学活用2]一翻译句子/同义句转换 3He ought to be here,oughtn't/shouldn't he? ①彼得很累了，他必须休息一下。 DOught we to do it at once? ②你没有必要现在就去学校。 4.need和dare 3 You needn't come tomorrow,for we will (1)need作情态动词时，表示“需要；必须”； have a day off. dare表示“敢，敢于”。常用于否定句和疑 -→You tomor- 问句中，后接动词原形，否定形式分别为 row,for we will have a day off. need not和dare not。 ·52· UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE ◆[语境感悟] You should have told me earlier or I might You needn't answer him the question imme- have gone with them. diately. 你应该早点告诉我，不然的话我就会和他们 你不必立即回答他这个问题。 一块去了。 -Need we make the test? You ought to/should have been more care- Yes,we must./No,we needn't. ful. 你本应该更小心一些的。 我们需要做这个试验吗？ 是的，需要。不，不需要。 If you had studied hard,you might have passed the exam. If he dare go,I'll go with him. 如果你努力学习的话，你可能会及格的。 如果他敢去，我就跟着他去。 From what you said,she must have told you (2)need和dare常用作实义动词，有时态、人 all about it. 称和数的变化，后面可接带to的不定式。 从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉 ◆[语境感悟] 你了。 You don't need to be told twice. You needn't have told them about it. 不必告诉你两遍。 你本来没有必要告诉他们那件事。 Tom didn't dare to do it. ◆[即学活用5]一用“情态动词+have 汤姆不敢做那件事。 done”完成句子 ◆[即学活用4幻—一用适当的情态动词填空 ①They to the ①You see him,but I must. Great Wall,haven't they? ② you go home alone? 他们一定是去了长城，不是吗？ ③He asked me whether I ②He swim TV last night,for he knew he would have a across the river. test. 5.情态动词+have done 昨天晚上他不可能看电视，因为他知道就要 “情态动词+have done'”表示对过去事情的 考试了。 推测 ③He the exam, can/could ①过去可能（表示推测） but he was too careless. have done ②本能做而未做（表示虚拟） 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心了。 should/ought to ④You more exercise ③本该做而未做 have done before. may/might have ④过去也许做了（表示推测） 以前你本应该多进行锻炼的。 ⑤You about it done ⑤本可能做而未做（表示虚拟） in the newspapers. must have done ⑥一定已经做了 你可能已经在报上看过这个消息了。 needn't have done ⑦本不必做而做了 ⑥I so much ◆[语境感悟] food.Nobody was hungry. 我本不必做这么多吃的，大家都不饿。 They could have sent up the satellite suc- cessfully. C温馨提 学习至此，请完成配套训练UNIT11 SECTION 他们本来能够成功发射这颗卫星的。 ·53·英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 SECTION II LESSON 1 新知点点突破 重点词汇 基础单词 1.pack 2.tank 3.plug 4.vote 5.cease 6.property 7.anyhow 8.edge 9.unsuspecting 10.arrest 11.literally 12.bother 13.recall 拓展单词 1.complaint complain 2.resolution resolve 3.warn warning 4.depart departure 5.prejudice prejudiced 6.bitter bitterly 7.remote remotely 核心短语 1.drive sb.mad 2.from then on 3.in trouble 4.take action 5.think of ..as 6.have an influ- ence/effect on 7.in a flash 8.be exposed to 9.get rid of 课文篇章理解 I.1.conflict 2.D C B A Ⅱ.1-5 CBBDC 要点层层精析 核心词汇 l.①up②away③were packed④a⑤into 6a pack of journalists Dhad packed up his things 2.①against②for③on④I.et's vote to deter- mine 5vote on/have a vote on the plan 3.①warning②of③against④were warned ⑤togo⑥take warning 4.①to run②without③from④worrying ⑤ceased writing⑥cease from their hard work 5.①prejudiced②more prejudiced③against Dhaving a prejudice against 6.①随便地②无论如何③Anyway/.Anyhow ④somehow⑤anyhow 7.①for②under③arrested④be arrested ⑤名词，逮捕⑥动词，吸引⑦动词，抑制 8.①taking②is tolerated③tolerance④tolerant ⑤of 9.①playing②Being exposed③exposed DExposed to difficult situations l0.①asking./to ask②with/about③It ④keeps bothering me⑤put him to any bother 重点句型 l.①never too old to learn②can't study without 2.Dwas playing computer games when 2was about to go to bed when 3had just finished reading the book when 4was on the point of jumping up when SECTIONⅢGRAMMAR 语法体悟精析 即学活用1 ①can②can't③was able to 即学活用2 DPeter was very tired and he had to have a rest. 2You don't have to/needn't go to school now. ③don't have to come 即学活用3 Dshouldn't/ought not to waste 2should/ought to be③他应该在这里，是不是？ ④我们应该立刻做这件事吗？ 即学活用4 ①needn't②Dare③dare 即学活用5 ①must have been 2can't/couldn't have watched ③could have passed④should/ought to have done ⑤might/may have read⑥needn't have cooked SECTION M LESSON 2 新知点点突破 重点词汇 基础单词 1.common 2.handle 3.withdraw 4.repeat 拓展单词 1.negative negatively 2.violently violent vio- lence 3.explain explanation 4.firmly firm 核心短语 1.across 2.to 3.and 4.to 5.on 6.without 7.a 8.forward 9.about 10.(stand)close 要点层层精析 核心词汇 l.①violently②Violence③violent④beating/ to beat violently⑤domestic violence⑥preven- ting violent crime 2.①划掉②收回③提取④退出⑤withdrew from the club 6withdrew to an island 3.①firms②firmly③形容词，坚硬的④形容 词，坚定的⑤形容词，稳固的⑥名词，公司 4.①to②to③to④to respond to⑤make a quick response to 6in response to 5.①提出②推荐③将…提前④put up with ⑤put aside⑥put forward⑦put forward 重点句型 ①what what②what③what I'm good at ④what is below⑤what my father has taught me ⑥what I will take up 2