UNIT 12 SECTION Ⅵ WRITING WORKSHOP-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业（北师大版）

X课时作业 英课时 SECTION V 语作业 TO CHECK [基础性] I.单词拼写 1.Efforts to (维护)the peace have failed. 2.I stood in the kitchen,waiting for the water to (沸腾). 3.The incident (表明)the need for better security measures. 4.I struggled through the (一群)of people to the exit. 5.I think it may take some time before we can have an (准确 )assessment of the damage. 6.The last five years have seen a consist- ent (改善)in the country s economy. 7.A bomb (爆炸)ina nearby supermarket.The (爆炸)was very powerful, bringing over 20 deaths and many inju- ries. 8.All the (电气的) work in the company is done by my brother.Yesterday he was free because there was no (电). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.My brother graduated from Peking University majoring in (electric)engineering. 2.He looked much worried first time I saw him. 3.There is still room for (improve)in your work. 4.Tina made clear that she would leave the company. UNIT 12 INNOVATION WRITING WORKSHOP 间 YOUR PROGRESS 纠错空间 5 (follow)the old man,the young people started walking slowly. 6.Ancient Egyptians knew how (preserve)dead bodies from decay(腐烂). 7.There is a need to check the (accurate)of these figures. 8.I thought he was making fun of me,and ran faster than ever, (reach) the schoolyard quite out of breath. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1.I think these interesting old customs 我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该好好地 方法总结 保存下去。 2.1 for some time. 这个建议我仔细反思了一段时间。 3.You can call me 你随时都可以给我打电话。 4.He at six every day. 他每天早晨六点起床，这已成为一种 习惯。 5.Mary sat by the window of the class room, 玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一 本书。 6.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, 城市是人的手和思想的产物，反映了人 的智慧和创造力。 67 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) [综合性] 空 I.阅读理解 间 A 纠错空间 Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for peo- ple.While at the Starmus Festival,a fes tival in Trondheim,Norway,celebrating science and the arts,Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger. Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change.Then the physicist warned the audience,"I am not denying the importance of fighting cli- mate change and global warming,unlike Donald Trump,who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen." Hawking proposed that the leading 方法总结 countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space.The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we "build a lunar base in 30 years'time and send people to Mars by 2025". According to the BBC,Professor Hawking said,"Spreading out into space will completely change the future of hu- manity.”He continued,“I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all. The physicist shared more ideas to moti- vate the younger generation to continue exploring space.Hawking stated,"A new and ambitious space program would excite young people,and stimulate interest in other areas,such as astrophysics(天体物 理学)and cosmology(宇宙学).” Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet.He warned the audi- ence,"The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be ·6 英语兰 positive.”He continued,“Our natural re- sources are being drained at an alarming rate.We have given our planet the disas- trous gifts of climate change,rising tem- peratures,reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation(滥伐森林)，and decimation (大批杀死)of animal species.We can be an ignorant and unthinking(考虑不周的)lot.” The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said,"If we succeed we will send a probe(航天探测器)to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today.It is clear that we are entering a new space age.We are standing at the threshold（开端)of a new era.uman colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction,and it can be science fact."Hawking advised the audi- ence to move to other worlds because we are running out of space. 1.According to Hawking,what is the first step for humans to spread out into space? A.To send people to Mars. B.To build a lunar base. C.To send astronauts to the Moon. D.To change the future of humanity. 2.The underlined word“drained”in Par- agraph 5 can be replaced by A.speeded up B.stored C.used up D.explored 3.What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future? A.Pessimistic. B.Confused. C.Positive. D.Indifferent. 4.The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that A.the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B.humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C.a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D.astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 巴课时作业 B Ever wonder how your brain works when making bigger decisions like buying a car or accepting a job offer?Researchers from the University of Dundee in Scot- land conducted a study that clarifies why you may want to have a small bite before making that big decision. Benjamin Vincent from the Universi- ty of Dundee's Psychology Department and his co-author Jordan Skrynka tested 50 people twice:once when they followed their normal eating patterns and once when they did not eat anything during the day.Using three different types of re- wards (food,money,and song down- loads),the team discovered when presen- ted with the choice of receiving the re- ward now versus double the award at some point in the future,participants would usually volunteer to wait for 35 days to earn a larger bounty,but when they were hungry,they said they would only wait three days. "We wanted to know whether being in a state of hunger had a specific effect on how you make decisions only relating to food or if it had broader effects,and this research suggests decision-making gets more present-focused when people are hungry,"Vincent said in a story about the study on the university's web- site."You would predict that hunger would impact people's preferences rela- ting to food,but it is not yet clear why people get more present-focused for com- pletely unrelated rewards.Hunger is so common that it is important to under- stand the non-obvious ways in which our preferences and decisions may be affected byit,”he said.. In an earlier study of the subject by a team at Cambridge University in Eng- land,the researchers noted that serotonin ·6 UNIT 12 INNOVATION plays a major role in the decision-making process."Since the raw material for mak- 空 ing serotonin-an amino acid called tryp- tophan-only comes from diet,levels of 纠错空间 the chemical decline between meals,"re- ports a piece in the Telegraph about the study."This can lead to aggressiveness and impulsiveness,"said the team. 5.How did Benjamin Vincent and Jordan Skrynka carry out their research? A.By analysing reasons. B.By making comparisons. C.By giving examples. D.By filling questionnaires. 6.The underlined word“bounty”in Para- graph 2 can best be replaced by A.bonus B.quantity 方法总结 C.income D.fortune 7.What conclusion can we draw from Vincent's study? A.It's common to make a wrong deci- sion if you are hungry. 4+:404++444+4.4++40 B.Make sure you are not hungry be- fore making a big decision. C.The hungrier you are,the quicker you will make a decision. D.Being hungry drives you to make a decision connected with food. 8.What is the last paragraph mainly about? A.What should be eaten to make a wise man. B.How we can get enough serotonin from our diet. C.What other factors will influence +44年年t年44t one's decision-making. D.How a chemical functions in the course of making a decision. 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) Ⅱ.阅读填句 空 A scientist is a person who explores 间 and examines aspects of a certain field to better understand how they function.The 纠错空间 process of exploration follows a strict set of rules known as the scientific method. 1 The primary duty of a scientist in any field is to do research.2 A scien- tist who specializes in microbiology could study germs,while a scientist who stud- ies the atmosphere could research the pat tern of the wind. Apart from devoting himself to the 44444444444444444444 research,a scientist can also work for employers.3 Besides,universities and some governmental organizations also require scientists to teach and research. Some scientists are able to get research funds independently or participate in a funded scientific project and spend their time working toward a clear goal. 方法总结 4 This usually means getting a PhD in the chosen field.In many cases,it also means finding work opportunities during school.They can provide the per- son with practical experience.Many scien- tists regularly publish their findings or notes of their work. Some scientists,such as a doctor, might require official certificates(证书). 5 The requirements and duties of sci- entists are as broad and various as the ar- ea which they study. A.Being a scientist requires a very good education, B.In different fields,their research can be different. C.Others might only need membership in an association. D.A scientist may make use of the results of others'research. E.The purpose of science is to produce useful models of reality. F.There are large companies that hire scientists to help with their products. G.The method ensures that new discov- eries are factual and not just theories. 。7 英语兰 Ⅲ.语法填空 Technology is changing the face of the world,and now faces are changing technology too.Facial recognition tech- nology,1. its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data,has come into widespread use.It works by compa- ring the facial features of 2. (give)images with what are in a data- base.It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords,and you cannot forget your own face!In theory,networks which use our own body as passwords should also be 3. safe) from hackers and better protect us from identity theft than 4. that use traditional passwords,mainly because ev- ery individual is unique.The technology 5. (be)especially useful in public places:banks,airports and railway stations,to name but a few. However,facial recognition technol- ogy has also started to pose some difficult questions.Experts have been giving 6. (warn)about this technolo- gy,saying it may not be as good as we think.Facial expressions often vary, 7. makes facial recognition less effective.Moreover,there is growing concern 8. we might fall victim to this technology,as there are ca- ses in which hackers have broken into fa- cial recognition systems by using people's social media photos 9. (build)models of their faces. Scientists and engineers have been urged to improve existing technology and make it failsafe.Apparently,this will be 10. tough task.Whatever happens,we need to make sure that facial recognition technology can be trusted-or we will have to face the consequences.巴课时作业 4.A[考查动词。根据“the years1214and1292”可知， 现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。keep保留， 维持；look看；emerge出现。date back意为“追溯 到”，为固定短语。故选A。] 5.C[考查动词。根据“we should learn science by ob serving and experimenting on the things around us" 可知，这里应是罗杰·培根提出的建议。command命 令；suspect怀疑；suggest建议；conclude推断。故 选C。] 6.B[考查动词。根据“many important truths'”可知， 他本人发现了很多重要的真理。bring带来；discover 发现；handle处理；announce宣布。故选B。] 7,A[考查定语从句。分析可知，空格处引导非限制性 定语从句，修饰指人的先行词several great men,且在 从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故选A。] 8.B[考查副词。根据“Aristotle said so”并联系史实 可知，亚里士多德曾经认为重的物体比轻的物体下降 得快。slowly缓慢地：rapidly快速地：lightly轻轻地： heavily沉重地。故选B。」 9.C[考查连词。根据“Aristotle said so'”可知，这里表 示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。if如果：when当… 的时候；because因为；although尽管。故选C,] l0.D[考查形容词。根据“and proved Aristotle was wrong'”可知，此处表示使用了两块不同重量的石头。 big大的；small小的；constant不断的；unequal不相 等的。故选D。] ll.A[考查名词。根据“But Galileo,going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa...proved Aristotle was wrong.”可知，此处表示伽利略的直接走向自然 通过实验证明自己的观点和理论的精神。spirit精 神；skil技能；theory理论；wish愿望。故选Aa] 12.D[考查动词短语。put forward提出；turn to转 向；set up建立；lead to导致。根据“all the discover- ies of modern science”可知，此处表示正是伽利略的 这种精神导致现代科学能有所发现。故选D。] l3.D[考查动词。根据“those people good scientists” 可知，此处表示什么使那些人成为好的科学家。co- sider考虑；promise许诺；prevent阻止；make使得。 故选D。」 14.B[考查副词。从伽利略的例子中，我们能清楚地 看到现代科学的发展来源于伽利略等一些伟大科学 家的科学研究精神。efficiently有效率地；clearly清 楚地；naturally自然地；unwillingly不情愿地。故 选B。] l5.C[考查动词。根据“better results”可知，此处指那 些科学家们的观察产生了更好的结果。foresee预 见；reject拒绝；produce使产生；challenge挑战。故 选C.] 9 参考答案 SECTION V 基础性 I.1.preserve 2.boil 3.illustrates 4.mass 5.accurate 6.improvement 7.exploded explosion 8.electrical electricity II.1.electrical 2.the 3.improvement 4.it 5.Following 6.to preserve 7.accuracy 8.reaching 应用性 Ill.1.should be well preserved 2.reflected on this pro- posal 3.any time you want to 4.makes it a rule to get up 5.reading a book 6.reflecting man's intelligence and creativity 综合性 I,A.[语篇解读]文章引用了世界知名物理学家及天 文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中 找一处新家的原因。 1.C[细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类 要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以 重启太空探索，故选C。] 2.C[词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources” 和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这 里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C] 3.A[观，点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以 及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲 观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故 选A。] 4.A[细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第 二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危 险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，饥饿 会影响人的决策，文章介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及 研究的发现及其意义。 5.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.tested50 people twice:once when they followed their normal eating patterns and once when they did not eat any- thing during the day.”可知，二人是通过比较进行研 究的。] 6.A[词义猜测题。根据前文中的the team discovered when presented with the choice of receiving the re- ward可知，研究者让参与者选择接受奖励(reward)的 时间，因此画线词的意思是“奖金(bonus)”] 7.B[推理判断题。根据第三段中的Hunger is so common that it is important to understand the non-ob- vious ways in which our preferences and decisions may be affected by it可知，我们的决定可能会受到饥饿的 影响。故选B。] 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 8.D[主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“.the re- searchers noted that serotonin plays a major role in the decision-making process.”可知，最后一段主要叙 述了在做决定的过程中一种化学物质是如何起作 用的。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学 探索过程中需要遵循的一些规则。 1.G[细节句。上文提到探索过程中需要遵循科学方 法，G项“The method ensures that new discoveries are factual and not just theories.”中的“The method”和上 文中的“method”相呼应，因此G项承接上文，符合语 境。故选G] 2.B[过渡句。根据上文“The primary duty of a scien tist in any field is to do research.”和下文“A scientist who specializes in microbiology could study germs, while a scientist who studies the atmosphere could re- search the pattern of the wind.”可知，在不同领域的 科学家研究的东西不一样；B项“In different fields, their research can be different.”正好说明这一，点，承 上启下，符合语境。故选B。] 3.F[细节句。上文提到科学家可以受雇于他人，F项 "There are large companies that hire scientists to help with their products.”中的“hire scientists'”和上文中的 “work for employers”相呼应，因此F项承接上文，符 合语境。故选F。」 4.A[主旨句。空格处位于段首，故推测为本段的主旨 句。下文“This usually means getting a PhD in the chosen field.In many cases,it also means finding work opportunities during school..”讲了科学家和教育之间 的联系，A项“Being a scientist requires a very good education.”说明了科学家需要良好的教育，引领下 文，符合语境。故选A。] 5.C[细节句。上文提到一些科学家可能需要正式证 书，C项“Others might only need membership in an association.”中的“Others”和上文中的“Some scien- tists”相呼应，“need”和“require”相呼应，“membership in an association”和“official certificates”相呼应，因此 C项承接上文，符合语境。故选C。] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人脸 识别技术的作用和存在的问题。 1.with[考查介词。根据语境可知，空格处表示“因为， 由于”，应用with与后面的“its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data'”构成介词短语，在句中作原因状 语。故填with。句意：人脸识别技术因为其分析大量 数据的能力，已经得到了广泛的应用。」 ·9 英语马 2.given[考查过去分词。分析句子成分可知，句中已 有谓语动词works,所以空格处应用非谓语动词；ima ges和所给提示词give之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所 以空格处应用过去分词作定语。故填given。句意： 它的工作原理是将特定图像的面部特征与数据库中 的特征进行比较。] 3.safer[考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空格后的 than可知，此处把使用传统密码的网络和使用我们自 己的身体作为密码的网络进行对比，应用形容词的比 较级。故填safer。句意：从理论上讲，与使用传统密 码的网络相比，使用我们自己的身体作为密码的网络 也应该更安全，不受黑客攻击，更好地保护我们免受 身份盗窃，这主要是因为每个人都是独一无二的。」 4.those[考查代词。分析句子成分可知，空格处指代 上文提到的networks,为复数形式，指代复数应用 those。故填those。句意同上题。] 5.is[考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，句子陈述 的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且句子主语technol 0gy为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数。故填is。句 意：这项技术在公共场所尤其有用：银行、机场和火车 站等等，不一而足。] 6.warnings[考查名词及其单复数。分析句子成分可 知，空格处应用名词，作“have been giving”的宾语， warn的名词形式warning为可数名词，专家们发出的 警告不止一个，应用复数形式。故填warnings。句 意：专家们一直在对这项技术发出警告，称它可能没 有我们想象的那么好。] 7.whih[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，且关系 词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填 which。句意：面部表情经常会发生变化，这使得面部 识别效率降低。] 8.that[考查同位语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格处 引导同位语从句，解释说明concern的具体内容，从句 中不缺成分且意义完整，所以应用that。故填that。 句意：此外，人们越来越担心我们可能会成为这项技 术的受害者，因为有黑客利用人们的社交媒体照片来 构建人脸模型，从而侵入人脸识别系统的案例。] 9.to build[考查动词不定式。use sth.to do sth.意为 “使用某物做某事”，为固定用法。故填to build。句意 同上题。] l0.a[考查冠词。分析句子可知，空格后的task为可 数名词，此处泛指一项艰巨的任务，应用不定冠词；且 tough以辅音音素开头。故填a。句意：显然，这将是 一项艰巨的任务。]