专题06 主谓一致(复习讲义)(湖北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

2026-02-20
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资源信息

学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 主谓一致
使用场景 中考复习-二轮专题
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 湖北省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 2.28 MB
发布时间 2026-02-20
更新时间 2026-02-24
作者 xkw_085070600
品牌系列 上好课·二轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-02-20
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/56499515.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦主谓一致专题,覆盖语法一致、意义一致、就近一致、特殊结构及与非谓语结合五大核心考点,构建“考情分析-框架搭建-考点突破-预测闯关”体系,通过考点梳理、方法指导、真题训练帮助学生突破难点,体现复习系统性与针对性。 亮点在于情境化真题设计与分层突破策略,如结合非遗传承、长江保护等热点考查“the number of”结构,用“a number of看后面”等口诀培养思维品质,设单选、语法填空、翻译分层练习,提升语言能力,助力教师精准把控复习节奏,高效提升学生应考能力。

内容正文:

专题06 主谓一致(复习讲义) 目 录 01 析·考情目标 锁定靶心 高效备考 02 筑·专题框架 夯实基础 搭建体系 03 攻·重难考点 深度溯源 扫清盲区 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 语法一致 近年湖北中考高频考查名词单复数与谓语动词的对应关系,尤其关注集合名词、不可数名词的用法。 1. 单数名词/不可数名词作主语,谓语单数;复数名词作主语,谓语用复数。 2. 集合名词如family, team等,强调整体时谓语用单数,强调个体成员时用复数。 易错点:不可数名词后误用复数谓语,如:The news are good.(应为is) 技巧:先判断主语是单数还是复数,再匹配谓语形式。 考点二 意义一致 常结合“时间、金钱、距离”等复数名词作主语的语境,考查谓语动词的单复数选择。 1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常视为一个整体,谓语用单数。 2. 复数名词表示“一类人/物”时,谓语用复数,如:The police are searching for the thief. 易错点:将时间、金钱等复数名词当作个体,误用复数谓语,如:Three years are a long time.(应为is) 技巧:判断主语表达的是“整体概念”还是“多个个体”。 考点三 就近一致 单项选择和语法填空中频繁出现,重点考查there be句型、either...or...等结构。 1. there be句型、either...or..., neither... nor..., not only...but also...等结构中,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。 2. 倒装句中,谓语动词与后面的主语一致。 易错点:忽略“就近”原则,如:Either you or he are wrong.(应为is) 技巧:找到离谓语最近的主语,以它的单复数为准。 考点四 特殊结构 考查“a number of / the number of”“each / every”等特殊结构的主谓一致,是区分度较高的考点。 1. a number of + 复数名词 → 谓语用复数;the number of + 复数名词 → 谓语用单数。 2. each / every + 单数名词作主语 → 谓语用单数;each of + 复数名词 → 谓语用单数。 易错点:混淆a number of和the number of的用法,如:A number of students is in the classroom.(应为are) 技巧:记口诀:“a number of 看后面,the number of 看number”。 考点五 与非谓语结合 近年命题趋势是将主谓一致与非谓语动词结合考查,如动名词作主语、不定式短语作主语等。 1. 动名词/不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。 2. 由and连接的两个或多个非谓语动词短语作主语时,如果表示同一概念,谓语用单数;如果表示不同概念,谓语用复数。 易错点:动名词作主语时误用复数谓语,如:Reading books are good for us.(应为is) 技巧:判断非谓语短语表达的是“一件事”还是“多件事”。 04 测·预测闯关 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 命题透视 一、命题形式 1. 单项选择题:以语境化句子考查主谓一致规则,如there be句型、就近原则、特殊结构等,是最常见的考查形式。 2. 语法填空题:在语篇或单句中要求填写正确的谓语动词形式,常与时态、语态结合考查。 3. 短文改错题:指出并改正句中主谓不一致的错误,侧重对语法规则的精准应用。 二、命题内容 1. 基础规则:考查语法一致(单复数匹配)、意义一致(时间/金钱等整体概念)、就近一致(either...or...等结构)三大核心原则。 2. 特殊结构:高频考查a number of / the number of、each / every、集合名词(family/team)等易混结构的主谓一致。 3. 综合考查:将主谓一致与非谓语动词(动名词/不定式作主语)、时态语态、倒装句等知识点结合,提升试题区分度。 4. 情境化趋势:题干多结合科技发展、传统文化、校园生活等热点情境,考查在真实语境中灵活运用规则的能力。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 语法一致 ① 湖北武汉·31题 ② 湖北黄冈·27题 ① 湖北武汉·32题 ② 湖北襄阳·25题 ① 湖北鄂州·23题 ② 湖北恩施·24题 意义一致 ① 湖北宜昌·26题 ② 湖北十堰·28题 ① 湖北武汉·33题 ② 湖北黄石·26题 ① 湖北荆州·22题 ② 湖北孝感·25题 就近一致 ① 湖北武汉·34题 ② 湖北襄阳·27题 ① 湖北武汉·35题 ② 湖北宜昌·28题 ① 湖北鄂州·24题 ② 湖北恩施·26题 特殊结构 ① 湖北武汉·36题 ② 湖北黄冈·29题 ① 湖北武汉·37题 ② 湖北襄阳·28题 ① 湖北荆州·23题 ② 湖北孝感·26题 结合非谓语 ① 湖北武汉·38题 ② 湖北黄冈·30题 ① 湖北武汉·39题 ② 湖北黄石·27题 ① 湖北鄂州·25题 ② 湖北恩施·27题 命题预测 1. 语境化:题干将更多结合科技发展、传统文化、环保等热点情境,考查在真实语境中灵活运用主谓一致规则的能力。 2. 综合化:一道题中可能综合考查多种主谓一致考点,或与非谓语动词、时态语态等知识点结合。 3. 高频化:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大原则及a number of / the number of等特殊结构将持续高频出现。 4. 生活化:选材贴近学生生活,如校园活动、志愿服务、家庭教育等,让学生在熟悉的情境中运用主谓一致知识。 考点一 语法一致 1.(2025年湖北武汉·31题) The news about the space exploration ______ exciting. 【答案】is 【解析】news 是不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,故用 is。 2.(2025年湖北黄冈·27题) The family ______ having dinner when the bell rang. 【答案】were 【解析】family 在此处强调“家庭成员”,表示复数概念,谓语动词用复数,且由 when 引导的时间状语从句可知,主句用过去进行时,故用 were。 3.(2024年湖北武汉·32题) The number of students in our school ______ increasing. 【答案】is 【解析】“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 4.(2024年湖北襄阳·25题) The team ______ won the championship last year. 【答案】has 【解析】team 在此处强调整体,谓语动词用单数;由 last year 可知,此处用现在完成时,故用 has。 5.(2023年湖北鄂州·23题) The police ______ searching for the missing child. 【答案】are 【解析】police 是集合名词,强调“警察们”,表示复数概念,谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 6.(2023年湖北恩施·24题) The pair of shoes ______ too big for me. 【答案】is 【解析】“a pair of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词与 pair 保持一致,用单数,故用 is。 1. 单数名词/不可数名词作主语 → 谓语用单数;复数名词作主语 → 谓语用复数。 2. 集合名词(family, team, class, police等):强调整体时用单数,强调成员时用复数。 3. “a pair of + 复数名词”作主语 → 谓语与pair一致,用单数。 • ❌ 不可数名词后误用复数谓语:The news are good.(应为is) • ❌ 集合名词只记单数,忽略“成员”含义:The family is watching TV now.(强调成员时应为are) • ❌ 忽略“a pair of”的单数影响:The glasses are broken.(应为is,若指“这副眼镜”) • 先定主语,再定单复:先判断主语是单数、复数还是不可数,再匹配谓语形式。 • 集合名词看语境:看到 family/team/class 等词,先问自己“是整体还是成员”,再决定单复数。 • “a pair of”看 pair:只要是“a pair of + 复数名词”,谓语就和 pair 一致,用单数。 考点二 意义一致 1.(2025年湖北宜昌·26题) Three years ______ a short time in history. 【答案】is 【解析】表示时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语时,通常视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 2.(2025年湖北十堰·28题) The rich ______ not always happy. 【答案】are 【解析】“the + 形容词”表示一类人,作主语时谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 3.(2024年湖北武汉·33题) Ten kilometers ______ a long way to walk. 【答案】is 【解析】表示距离的复数名词作主语时,视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 4.(2024年湖北黄石·26题) The old ______ taken good care of in our country. 【答案】are 【解析】“the + 形容词”表示一类人,作主语时谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 5.(2023年湖北荆州·22题) Five dollars ______ enough for the pen. 【答案】is 【解析】表示金钱的复数名词作主语时,视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 6.(2023年湖北孝感·25题) The British ______ proud of their history. 【答案】are 【解析】“the + 姓氏复数”表示“某国人”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 1. 时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词作主语 → 视为整体,谓语用单数。 2. “the + 形容词”表一类人(the rich, the old, the young) → 谓语用复数。 3. 复数国名/机构名(the United States, the United Nations) → 谓语用单数。 • ❌ 把时间/金钱等复数名词当个体:Three years are a long time.(应为is) • ❌ “the + 形容词”误用单数:The old is respected.(应为are) • 时间金钱距离,一律当整体:看到表示时间、金钱、距离的复数名词,直接按单数处理。 • “the + 形容词”表一类人,必用复数:只要是 the rich / the old / the young,谓语一定是复数。 • 国名机构名,单数记牢:像 the United States / the United Nations,虽然形式是复数,但谓语用单数。 考点三 就近一致 1.(2025年湖北武汉·34题) Either you or he ______ going to attend the meeting. 【答案】is 【解析】either…or… 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,此处最近的主语是 he,故用 is。 2.(2025年湖北襄阳·27题) There ______ a pen and two pencils on the desk. 【答案】is 【解析】there be 句型中,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,此处最近的主语是 a pen,故用 is。 3.(2024年湖北武汉·35题) Not only the students but also the teacher ______ against the plan. 【答案】is 【解析】not only…but also… 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,此处最近的主语是 the teacher,故用 is。 4.(2024年湖北宜昌·28题) Neither the teacher nor the students ______ satisfied with the result. 【答案】are 【解析】neither…nor… 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,此处最近的主语是 the students,故用 are。 5.(2023年湖北鄂州·24题) There ______ some books and a notebook in my bag. 【答案】are 【解析】there be 句型中,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,此处最近的主语是 some books,故用 are。 6.(2023年湖北恩施·26题) Either my parents or my brother ______ coming to see me. 【答案】is 【解析】either…or… 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,此处最近的主语是 my brother,故用 is。 1. there be句型:谓语与最近的主语一致。 2. 并列结构:either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also… → 谓语与最近的主语一致。 3. 倒装句:谓语与后面的主语一致。 • ❌ 忽略“就近”原则:Either you or he are wrong.(应为is) • ❌ there be句型只看整体:There is a book and two pens.(应为are,若最近主语是two pens) • 找“最近”的那个主语:看到 either…or… / neither…nor… / not only…but also… / there be,直接找离谓语最近的名词,以它的单复数为准。 • 倒装句看后面:倒装句中,谓语的单复数由后面的主语决定。 考点四 特殊结构 1.(2025年湖北武汉·36题) A number of students ______ playing basketball on the playground. 【答案】are 【解析】“a number of + 复数名词”表示“许多……”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 2.(2025年湖北黄冈·29题) Each of the girls ______ a new dress. 【答案】has 【解析】“each of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故用 has。 3.(2024年湖北武汉·37题) The number of the books in the library ______ over 10,000. 【答案】is 【解析】“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 4.(2024年湖北襄阳·28题) Every boy and every girl ______ a chance to win the prize. 【答案】has 【解析】“every + 单数名词 + and + every + 单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故用 has。 5.(2023年湖北荆州·23题) A large number of tourists ______ visited the ancient town. 【答案】have 【解析】“a large number of + 复数名词”表示“许多……”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,故用 have。 6.(2023年湖北孝感·26题) Each of the answers ______ correct. 【答案】is 【解析】“each of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 1. a number of + 复数名词 → 复数谓语(“许多”);the number of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语(“……的数量”)。 2. each / every + 单数名词 → 单数谓语;each of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语;复数代词 + each → 复数谓语(They each have a book)。 3. 单复数同形名词(sheep, deer, fish, means, species) → 视语境判断单复数。 • ❌ 混淆a number of / the number of:The number of students are 50.(应为is) • ❌ each of后误用复数:Each of the boys have a pen.(应为has) • a number of 看后面,the number of 看 number: ◦ a number of + 复数名词 → 复数谓语 ◦ the number of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语 • each / every 后必单数: ◦ each / every + 单数名词 → 单数谓语 ◦ each of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语 ◦ 复数代词 + each → 复数谓语(如 They each have a book) • 单复数同形看语境:sheep / deer / fish / means / species 等词,要根据上下文判断是“一个”还是“多个”。 考点五 结合非谓语 1.(2025年湖北武汉·38题) Reading aloud in the morning ______ a good habit. 【答案】is 【解析】动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 2.(2025年湖北黄冈·30题) What he said and what he did ______ different. 【答案】are 【解析】由 and 连接的两个主语从句表示不同的概念,谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 3.(2024年湖北武汉·39题) To see is to believe, but what we see and what we hear ______ not always the same. 【答案】are 【解析】由 and 连接的两个主语从句表示不同的概念,谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 4.(2024年湖北黄石·27题) Collecting stamps ______ his hobby since he was a child. 【答案】has been 【解析】动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数;由 since 引导的时间状语从句可知,主句用现在完成时,故用 has been。 5.(2023年湖北鄂州·25题) Walking and running ______ good for our health. 【答案】are 【解析】由 and 连接的两个动名词表示不同的概念,谓语动词用复数,故用 are。 6.(2023年湖北恩施·27题) What we need most now ______ time. 【答案】is 【解析】主语从句表示一个抽象概念,谓语动词用单数,故用 is。 1. 动名词/不定式短语作主语 → 谓语用单数。 2. and连接的两个非谓语短语:表同一概念用单数,表不同概念用复数。 3. 主语从句作主语 → 通常用单数;若指多个概念,可用复数。 • ❌ 动名词作主语误用复数:Reading books are good for us.(应为is) • ❌ 并列非谓语只记单数:Reading and writing are important.(若指两件事,用are) • 动名词/不定式作主语,必单数:只要是 doing 或 to do 作主语,谓语就用单数。 • and 连接看“概念”: ◦ 表同一概念(如 Reading and writing is important)→ 单数 ◦ 表不同概念(如 Reading and writing are different skills)→ 复数 • 主语从句看“整体”:单个主语从句作主语,谓语用单数;多个并列的主语从句表不同概念,谓语用复数。 ◇预测 01 单项选择 1. 【新角度·通过非遗传承考查主谓一致之“the number of”结构】The number of young people learning Hubei paper-cutting ______ greatly in the past five years. A. increase B. increases C. have increased D. has increased 【答案】D 【解析】“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数;“in the past five years”提示用现在完成时,故选 has increased。 2. 【新角度·通过长江大保护考查主谓一致之就近原则】Not only the local fishermen but also the environmental volunteers ______ to take part in the Yangtze River protection program this weekend. A. expect B. expects C. expected D. have expected 【答案】A 【解析】not only...but also... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语(the environmental volunteers)保持一致,用复数;“this weekend”提示用一般现在时表计划,故选 expect。 3. 【新角度·通过体育赛事考查主谓一致之集合名词】The team from Wuhan, which ______ won three gold medals, ______ warmly welcomed at the airport yesterday. A. has; is B. have; are C. has; was D. have; were 【答案】C 【解析】第一个空,定语从句的先行词是 team,强调整体,谓语用单数;第二个空,主语是 team,强调整体,且“yesterday”提示用一般过去时,故选 has; was。 4. 【新角度·通过智慧校园考查主谓一致之意义一致】Three years ______ enough for students to master the basic skills of intelligent campus management. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】表示时间的复数名词作主语时,视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数;句子描述客观情况,用一般现在时,故选 is。 5. 【新角度·通过楚文化考查主谓一致之“the + 形容词”结构】The old who are devoted to the study of Chu culture ______ highly respected in our province. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】“the + 形容词”表示一类人,作主语时谓语动词用复数;句子描述普遍情况,用一般现在时,故选 are。 6. 【新角度·通过社区养老考查主谓一致之there be句型】There ______ a new elderly care center and two community gardens in our neighborhood next year. A. is going to be B. are going to be C. will have D. have 【答案】A 【解析】there be 句型中,谓语动词与最近的主语(a new elderly care center)保持一致,用单数;“next year”提示用一般将来时,故选 is going to be。 7. 【新角度·通过自贸区政策考查主谓一致之“each of”结构】Each of the new policies introduced by Hubei Free Trade Zone ______ designed to attract more foreign investment. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】“each of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,故选 is。 8. 【新角度·通过乡村振兴考查主谓一致之就近原则】Neither the local government nor the farmers ______ satisfied with the current agricultural development model. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】neither...nor... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语(the farmers)保持一致,用复数;句子描述现状,用一般现在时,故选 are。 9. 【新角度·通过数字湖北考查主谓一致之非谓语作主语】Collecting and analyzing big data ______ an important part of building a digital Hubei. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】由 and 连接的两个动名词表示同一概念(大数据的收集与分析),谓语动词用单数;句子描述客观情况,用一般现在时,故选 is。 10. 【新角度·通过湖北美食考查主谓一致之“a number of”结构】A number of local snacks from Hubei, such as hot dry noodles and duck neck, ______ popular among tourists from all over the country. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】“a number of + 复数名词”表示“许多……”,作主语时谓语动词用复数;句子描述现状,用一般现在时,故选 are。 ◇预测 02 单句语法填空 1. 【新角度·通过湖北非遗剪纸考查主谓一致】The number of young people in Hubei who are learning the traditional craft of paper-cutting, which was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2999, ______ (increase) steadily every year as more schools offer related courses. 【答案】increases 【解析】“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数;“every year”提示用一般现在时,故填 increases。 2. 【新角度·通过校园“碳中和”行动考查主谓一致】Not only the students from Grade 9 but also their head teacher, who has been leading the school's "carbon neutrality" campaign for two years, ______ (be) going to plant saplings in the newly built ecological garden this weekend to mark Earth Day. 【答案】is 【解析】not only...but also... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语(their head teacher)保持一致,用单数;“this weekend”提示用一般将来时,故填 is。 3. 【新角度·通过嫦娥探月工程考查主谓一致】The exciting news that China's Chang'e-6 probe successfully collected and returned with lunar samples from the far side of the moon ______ (spread) like wildfire across the whole country and even the world last month, filling every Chinese with pride. 【答案】spread 【解析】句子主语是不可数名词 news,谓语动词用单数;“last month”提示用一般过去时,spread 的过去式为 spread。 4. 【新角度·通过家庭端午习俗考查主谓一致】The family, who are all big fans of traditional Chinese culture, ______ (discuss) which ancient poem to recite at the Dragon Boat Festival family gathering when I called to invite them to our zongzi-making party yesterday afternoon. 【答案】were discussing 【解析】family 在此处强调“家庭成员”,表示复数概念,谓语动词用复数;“when I called”提示用过去进行时,故填 were discussing。 5. 【新角度·通过武汉军运会赛事考查主谓一致】There ______ (be) a thrilling volleyball final between the Chinese team and the Brazilian team, followed by two exciting basketball exhibition games featuring retired Olympic champions, scheduled to take place on the main court of the Wuhan Sports Center tomorrow evening. 【答案】is going to be / will be 【解析】there be 句型中,谓语动词与最近的主语(a thrilling volleyball final)保持一致,用单数;“tomorrow evening”提示用一般将来时,故填 is going to be 或 will be。 6. 【新角度·通过武汉马拉松志愿服务考查主谓一致】Each of the 500 volunteers who provided excellent assistance at the Wuhan Marathon last month, including guiding runners, distributing water, and offering medical support, ______ (give) a special certificate of appreciation and a limited-edition race T-shirt by the organizing committee. 【答案】was given 【解析】“each of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“last month”提示用一般过去时,且志愿者是“被授予”证书,用被动语态,故填 was given。 7. 【新角度·通过人工智能研发考查主谓一致】Three years ______ (seem) an incredibly short period of time to develop such a sophisticated AI system that can accurately translate ancient Chinese classics into multiple languages, but it was an arduous and rewarding challenge for the entire research team at Wuhan University. 【答案】seemed 【解析】表示时间的复数名词作主语时,视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数;“was”提示用一般过去时,故填 seemed。 8. 【新角度·通过中外文化交流考查主谓一致】The old, who are often regarded as the guardians of traditional wisdom and cultural heritage in Chinese society, ______ (be) always deeply respected and warmly welcomed whenever they participate in international cultural exchange events. 【答案】are 【解析】“the + 形容词”表示一类人,作主语时谓语动词用复数;句子描述普遍情况,用一般现在时,故填 are。 9. 【新角度·通过“双减”政策讨论考查主谓一致】Neither the headmaster, who emphasized the need for more after-school activities, nor the teachers, who were concerned about increased workloads, ______ (agree) completely with the new "double reduction" policy at the staff meeting held last week. 【答案】agreed 【解析】neither...nor... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语(the teachers)保持一致,用复数;“last week”提示用一般过去时,故填 agreed。 10. 【新角度·通过健康生活方式考查主谓一致】Doing 30 minutes of morning exercises in the fresh park air and eating a balanced diet rich in whole grains and fresh vegetables ______ (be) widely recognized as two of the most effective and sustainable habits to maintain good physical and mental health in our fast-paced modern lives. 【答案】are 【解析】由 and 连接的两个动名词短语表示不同的概念,谓语动词用复数;句子描述普遍情况,用一般现在时,故填 are。 ◇预测 03 翻译句子 1. 【新角度·通过湖北非遗剪纸考查主谓一致】学习湖北剪纸这一传统技艺的年轻人数量,随着越来越多的学校开设相关课程,每年都在稳步增长。 【答案】The number of young people in Hubei who are learning the traditional craft of paper-cutting, which was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2009, increases steadily every year as more schools offer related courses. 解析:“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数;“every year”提示用一般现在时。 2. 【新角度·通过校园“碳中和”行动考查主谓一致】不仅九年级的学生,而且他们已经领导学校“碳中和”活动两年的班主任,都计划本周末在学校新建的生态花园里植树,以纪念地球日。 【答案】Not only the students from Grade 9 but also their head teacher, who has been leading the school's "carbon neutrality" campaign for two years, is going to plant saplings in the newly built ecological garden this weekend to mark Earth Day. 解析:not only...but also... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语(their head teacher)保持一致,用单数;“this weekend”提示用一般将来时。 3.【新角度·通过嫦娥探月工程考查主谓一致】上个月,中国嫦娥六号探测器成功从月球背面采集并带回样本的振奋人心的消息,像野火一样迅速传遍了全国乃至全世界,让每个中国人都倍感自豪。 【答案】The exciting news that China's Chang'e-6 probe successfully collected and returned with lunar samples from the far side of the moon spread like wildfire across the whole country and even the world last month, filling every Chinese with pride. 解析:句子主语是不可数名词 news,谓语动词用单数;“last month”提示用一般过去时,spread 的过去式为 spread。 4. 【新角度·通过家庭端午习俗考查主谓一致】当我昨天下午打电话邀请他们参加我们的粽子制作派对时,这家人——他们都是中国传统文化的忠实爱好者——正在讨论在端午家庭聚会上朗诵哪首古诗。 【答案】The family, who are all big fans of traditional Chinese culture, were discussing which ancient poem to recite at the Dragon Boat Festival family gathering when I called to invite them to our zongzi-making party yesterday afternoon. 解析:family 在此处强调“家庭成员”,表示复数概念,谓语动词用复数;“when I called”提示用过去进行时。 5. 【新角度·通过武汉军运会赛事考查主谓一致】明天晚上,武汉体育中心的主赛场将有一场中国队与巴西队之间精彩的排球决赛,随后是两场由退役奥运冠军参加的激动人心的篮球表演赛。 【答案】There is going to be a thrilling volleyball final between the Chinese team and the Brazilian team, followed by two exciting basketball exhibition games featuring retired Olympic champions, at the main court of the Wuhan Sports Center tomorrow evening. 解析:there be 句型中,谓语动词与最近的主语(a thrilling volleyball final)保持一致,用单数;“tomorrow evening”提示用一般将来时。 6. 【新角度·通过武汉马拉松志愿服务考查主谓一致】上个月在武汉马拉松提供出色帮助的500名志愿者——包括引导选手、分发饮用水和提供医疗支持——每一位都获得了组委会颁发的特别感谢证书和一件限量版比赛T恤。 【答案】Each of the 500 volunteers who provided excellent assistance at the Wuhan Marathon last month, including guiding runners, distributing water, and offering medical support, was given a special certificate of appreciation and a limited-edition race T-shirt by the organizing committee. 解析:“each of + 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“last month”提示用一般过去时,且志愿者是“被授予”证书,用被动语态。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题06 主谓一致(复习讲义) 目 录 01 析·考情目标 锁定靶心 高效备考 02 筑·专题框架 夯实基础 搭建体系 03 攻·重难考点 深度溯源 扫清盲区 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 语法一致 近年湖北中考高频考查名词单复数与谓语动词的对应关系,尤其关注集合名词、不可数名词的用法。 1. 单数名词/不可数名词作主语,谓语单数;复数名词作主语,谓语用复数。 2. 集合名词如family, team等,强调整体时谓语用单数,强调个体成员时用复数。 易错点:不可数名词后误用复数谓语,如:The news are good.(应为is) 技巧:先判断主语是单数还是复数,再匹配谓语形式。 考点二 意义一致 常结合“时间、金钱、距离”等复数名词作主语的语境,考查谓语动词的单复数选择。 1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常视为一个整体,谓语用单数。 2. 复数名词表示“一类人/物”时,谓语用复数,如:The police are searching for the thief. 易错点:将时间、金钱等复数名词当作个体,误用复数谓语,如:Three years are a long time.(应为is) 技巧:判断主语表达的是“整体概念”还是“多个个体”。 考点三 就近一致 单项选择和语法填空中频繁出现,重点考查there be句型、either...or...等结构。 1. there be句型、either...or..., neither... nor..., not only...but also...等结构中,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。 2. 倒装句中,谓语动词与后面的主语一致。 易错点:忽略“就近”原则,如:Either you or he are wrong.(应为is) 技巧:找到离谓语最近的主语,以它的单复数为准。 考点四 特殊结构 考查“a number of / the number of”“each / every”等特殊结构的主谓一致,是区分度较高的考点。 1. a number of + 复数名词 → 谓语用复数;the number of + 复数名词 → 谓语用单数。 2. each / every + 单数名词作主语 → 谓语用单数;each of + 复数名词 → 谓语用单数。 易错点:混淆a number of和the number of的用法,如:A number of students is in the classroom.(应为are) 技巧:记口诀:“a number of 看后面,the number of 看number”。 考点五 与非谓语结合 近年命题趋势是将主谓一致与非谓语动词结合考查,如动名词作主语、不定式短语作主语等。 1. 动名词/不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。 2. 由and连接的两个或多个非谓语动词短语作主语时,如果表示同一概念,谓语用单数;如果表示不同概念,谓语用复数。 易错点:动名词作主语时误用复数谓语,如:Reading books are good for us.(应为is) 技巧:判断非谓语短语表达的是“一件事”还是“多件事”。 04 测·预测闯关 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 命题透视 一、命题形式 1. 单项选择题:以语境化句子考查主谓一致规则,如there be句型、就近原则、特殊结构等,是最常见的考查形式。 2. 语法填空题:在语篇或单句中要求填写正确的谓语动词形式,常与时态、语态结合考查。 3. 短文改错题:指出并改正句中主谓不一致的错误,侧重对语法规则的精准应用。 二、命题内容 1. 基础规则:考查语法一致(单复数匹配)、意义一致(时间/金钱等整体概念)、就近一致(either...or...等结构)三大核心原则。 2. 特殊结构:高频考查a number of / the number of、each / every、集合名词(family/team)等易混结构的主谓一致。 3. 综合考查:将主谓一致与非谓语动词(动名词/不定式作主语)、时态语态、倒装句等知识点结合,提升试题区分度。 4. 情境化趋势:题干多结合科技发展、传统文化、校园生活等热点情境,考查在真实语境中灵活运用规则的能力。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 语法一致 ① 湖北武汉·31题 ② 湖北黄冈·27题 ① 湖北武汉·32题 ② 湖北襄阳·25题 ① 湖北鄂州·23题 ② 湖北恩施·24题 意义一致 ① 湖北宜昌·26题 ② 湖北十堰·28题 ① 湖北武汉·33题 ② 湖北黄石·26题 ① 湖北荆州·22题 ② 湖北孝感·25题 就近一致 ① 湖北武汉·34题 ② 湖北襄阳·27题 ① 湖北武汉·35题 ② 湖北宜昌·28题 ① 湖北鄂州·24题 ② 湖北恩施·26题 特殊结构 ① 湖北武汉·36题 ② 湖北黄冈·29题 ① 湖北武汉·37题 ② 湖北襄阳·28题 ① 湖北荆州·23题 ② 湖北孝感·26题 结合非谓语 ① 湖北武汉·38题 ② 湖北黄冈·30题 ① 湖北武汉·39题 ② 湖北黄石·27题 ① 湖北鄂州·25题 ② 湖北恩施·27题 命题预测 1. 语境化:题干将更多结合科技发展、传统文化、环保等热点情境,考查在真实语境中灵活运用主谓一致规则的能力。 2. 综合化:一道题中可能综合考查多种主谓一致考点,或与非谓语动词、时态语态等知识点结合。 3. 高频化:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大原则及a number of / the number of等特殊结构将持续高频出现。 4. 生活化:选材贴近学生生活,如校园活动、志愿服务、家庭教育等,让学生在熟悉的情境中运用主谓一致知识。 考点一 语法一致 1.(2025年湖北武汉·31题) The news about the space exploration ______ exciting. 2.(2025年湖北黄冈·27题) The family ______ having dinner when the bell rang. 3.(2024年湖北武汉·32题) The number of students in our school ______ increasing. 4.(2024年湖北襄阳·25题) The team ______ won the championship last year. 5.(2023年湖北鄂州·23题) The police ______ searching for the missing child. 6.(2023年湖北恩施·24题) The pair of shoes ______ too big for me. 1. 单数名词/不可数名词作主语 → 谓语用单数;复数名词作主语 → 谓语用复数。 2. 集合名词(family, team, class, police等):强调整体时用单数,强调成员时用复数。 3. “a pair of + 复数名词”作主语 → 谓语与pair一致,用单数。 • ❌ 不可数名词后误用复数谓语:The news are good.(应为is) • ❌ 集合名词只记单数,忽略“成员”含义:The family is watching TV now.(强调成员时应为are) • ❌ 忽略“a pair of”的单数影响:The glasses are broken.(应为is,若指“这副眼镜”) • 先定主语,再定单复:先判断主语是单数、复数还是不可数,再匹配谓语形式。 • 集合名词看语境:看到 family/team/class 等词,先问自己“是整体还是成员”,再决定单复数。 • “a pair of”看 pair:只要是“a pair of + 复数名词”,谓语就和 pair 一致,用单数。 考点二 意义一致 1.(2025年湖北宜昌·26题) Three years ______ a short time in history. 2.(2025年湖北十堰·28题) The rich ______ not always happy. 3.(2024年湖北武汉·33题) Ten kilometers ______ a long way to walk. 4.(2024年湖北黄石·26题) The old ______ taken good care of in our country. 5.(2023年湖北荆州·22题) Five dollars ______ enough for the pen. 6.(2023年湖北孝感·25题) The British ______ proud of their history. 1. 时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词作主语 → 视为整体,谓语用单数。 2. “the + 形容词”表一类人(the rich, the old, the young) → 谓语用复数。 3. 复数国名/机构名(the United States, the United Nations) → 谓语用单数。 • ❌ 把时间/金钱等复数名词当个体:Three years are a long time.(应为is) • ❌ “the + 形容词”误用单数:The old is respected.(应为are) • 时间金钱距离,一律当整体:看到表示时间、金钱、距离的复数名词,直接按单数处理。 • “the + 形容词”表一类人,必用复数:只要是 the rich / the old / the young,谓语一定是复数。 • 国名机构名,单数记牢:像 the United States / the United Nations,虽然形式是复数,但谓语用单数。 考点三 就近一致 1.(2025年湖北武汉·34题) Either you or he ______ going to attend the meeting. 2.(2025年湖北襄阳·27题) There ______ a pen and two pencils on the desk. 3.(2024年湖北武汉·35题) Not only the students but also the teacher ______ against the plan. 4.(2024年湖北宜昌·28题) Neither the teacher nor the students ______ satisfied with the result. 5.(2023年湖北鄂州·24题) There ______ some books and a notebook in my bag. 6.(2023年湖北恩施·26题) Either my parents or my brother ______ coming to see me. 1. there be句型:谓语与最近的主语一致。 2. 并列结构:either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also… → 谓语与最近的主语一致。 3. 倒装句:谓语与后面的主语一致。 • ❌ 忽略“就近”原则:Either you or he are wrong.(应为is) • ❌ there be句型只看整体:There is a book and two pens.(应为are,若最近主语是two pens) • 找“最近”的那个主语:看到 either…or… / neither…nor… / not only…but also… / there be,直接找离谓语最近的名词,以它的单复数为准。 • 倒装句看后面:倒装句中,谓语的单复数由后面的主语决定。 考点四 特殊结构 1.(2025年湖北武汉·36题) A number of students ______ playing basketball on the playground. 2.(2025年湖北黄冈·29题) Each of the girls ______ a new dress. 3.(2024年湖北武汉·37题) The number of the books in the library ______ over 10,000. 4.(2024年湖北襄阳·28题) Every boy and every girl ______ a chance to win the prize. 5.(2023年湖北荆州·23题) A large number of tourists ______ visited the ancient town. 6.(2023年湖北孝感·26题) Each of the answers ______ correct. 1. a number of + 复数名词 → 复数谓语(“许多”);the number of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语(“……的数量”)。 2. each / every + 单数名词 → 单数谓语;each of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语;复数代词 + each → 复数谓语(They each have a book)。 3. 单复数同形名词(sheep, deer, fish, means, species) → 视语境判断单复数。 • ❌ 混淆a number of / the number of:The number of students are 50.(应为is) • ❌ each of后误用复数:Each of the boys have a pen.(应为has) • a number of 看后面,the number of 看 number: ◦ a number of + 复数名词 → 复数谓语 ◦ the number of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语 • each / every 后必单数: ◦ each / every + 单数名词 → 单数谓语 ◦ each of + 复数名词 → 单数谓语 ◦ 复数代词 + each → 复数谓语(如 They each have a book) • 单复数同形看语境:sheep / deer / fish / means / species 等词,要根据上下文判断是“一个”还是“多个”。 考点五 结合非谓语 1.(2025年湖北武汉·38题) Reading aloud in the morning ______ a good habit. 2.(2025年湖北黄冈·30题) What he said and what he did ______ different. 3.(2024年湖北武汉·39题) To see is to believe, but what we see and what we hear ______ not always the same. 4.(2024年湖北黄石·27题) Collecting stamps ______ his hobby since he was a child. 5.(2023年湖北鄂州·25题) Walking and running ______ good for our health. 6.(2023年湖北恩施·27题) What we need most now ______ time. 1. 动名词/不定式短语作主语 → 谓语用单数。 2. and连接的两个非谓语短语:表同一概念用单数,表不同概念用复数。 3. 主语从句作主语 → 通常用单数;若指多个概念,可用复数。 • ❌ 动名词作主语误用复数:Reading books are good for us.(应为is) • ❌ 并列非谓语只记单数:Reading and writing are important.(若指两件事,用are) • 动名词/不定式作主语,必单数:只要是 doing 或 to do 作主语,谓语就用单数。 • and 连接看“概念”: ◦ 表同一概念(如 Reading and writing is important)→ 单数 ◦ 表不同概念(如 Reading and writing are different skills)→ 复数 • 主语从句看“整体”:单个主语从句作主语,谓语用单数;多个并列的主语从句表不同概念,谓语用复数。 ◇预测 01 单项选择 1. 【新角度·通过非遗传承考查主谓一致之“the number of”结构】The number of young people learning Hubei paper-cutting ______ greatly in the past five years. A. increase B. increases C. have increased D. has increased 2. 【新角度·通过长江大保护考查主谓一致之就近原则】Not only the local fishermen but also the environmental volunteers ______ to take part in the Yangtze River protection program this weekend. A. expect B. expects C. expected D. have expected 3. 【新角度·通过体育赛事考查主谓一致之集合名词】The team from Wuhan, which ______ won three gold medals, ______ warmly welcomed at the airport yesterday. A. has; is B. have; are C. has; was D. have; were 4. 【新角度·通过智慧校园考查主谓一致之意义一致】Three years ______ enough for students to master the basic skills of intelligent campus management. A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. 【新角度·通过楚文化考查主谓一致之“the + 形容词”结构】The old who are devoted to the study of Chu culture ______ highly respected in our province. A. is B. are C. was D. were 6. 【新角度·通过社区养老考查主谓一致之there be句型】There ______ a new elderly care center and two community gardens in our neighborhood next year. A. is going to be B. are going to be C. will have D. have 7. 【新角度·通过自贸区政策考查主谓一致之“each of”结构】Each of the new policies introduced by Hubei Free Trade Zone ______ designed to attract more foreign investment. A. is B. are C. was D. were 8. 【新角度·通过乡村振兴考查主谓一致之就近原则】Neither the local government nor the farmers ______ satisfied with the current agricultural development model. A. is B. are C. was D. were 9. 【新角度·通过数字湖北考查主谓一致之非谓语作主语】Collecting and analyzing big data ______ an important part of building a digital Hubei. A. is B. are C. was D. were 10. 【新角度·通过湖北美食考查主谓一致之“a number of”结构】A number of local snacks from Hubei, such as hot dry noodles and duck neck, ______ popular among tourists from all over the country. A. is B. are C. was D. were ◇预测 02 单句语法填空 1. 【新角度·通过湖北非遗剪纸考查主谓一致】The number of young people in Hubei who are learning the traditional craft of paper-cutting, which was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2999, ______ (increase) steadily every year as more schools offer related courses. 2. 【新角度·通过校园“碳中和”行动考查主谓一致】Not only the students from Grade 9 but also their head teacher, who has been leading the school's "carbon neutrality" campaign for two years, ______ (be) going to plant saplings in the newly built ecological garden this weekend to mark Earth Day. 3. 【新角度·通过嫦娥探月工程考查主谓一致】The exciting news that China's Chang'e-6 probe successfully collected and returned with lunar samples from the far side of the moon ______ (spread) like wildfire across the whole country and even the world last month, filling every Chinese with pride. 4. 【新角度·通过家庭端午习俗考查主谓一致】The family, who are all big fans of traditional Chinese culture, ______ (discuss) which ancient poem to recite at the Dragon Boat Festival family gathering when I called to invite them to our zongzi-making party yesterday afternoon. 5. 【新角度·通过武汉军运会赛事考查主谓一致】There ______ (be) a thrilling volleyball final between the Chinese team and the Brazilian team, followed by two exciting basketball exhibition games featuring retired Olympic champions, scheduled to take place on the main court of the Wuhan Sports Center tomorrow evening. 6. 【新角度·通过武汉马拉松志愿服务考查主谓一致】Each of the 500 volunteers who provided excellent assistance at the Wuhan Marathon last month, including guiding runners, distributing water, and offering medical support, ______ (give) a special certificate of appreciation and a limited-edition race T-shirt by the organizing committee. 7. 【新角度·通过人工智能研发考查主谓一致】Three years ______ (seem) an incredibly short period of time to develop such a sophisticated AI system that can accurately translate ancient Chinese classics into multiple languages, but it was an arduous and rewarding challenge for the entire research team at Wuhan University. 8. 【新角度·通过中外文化交流考查主谓一致】The old, who are often regarded as the guardians of traditional wisdom and cultural heritage in Chinese society, ______ (be) always deeply respected and warmly welcomed whenever they participate in international cultural exchange events. 9. 【新角度·通过“双减”政策讨论考查主谓一致】Neither the headmaster, who emphasized the need for more after-school activities, nor the teachers, who were concerned about increased workloads, ______ (agree) completely with the new "double reduction" policy at the staff meeting held last week. 10. 【新角度·通过健康生活方式考查主谓一致】Doing 30 minutes of morning exercises in the fresh park air and eating a balanced diet rich in whole grains and fresh vegetables ______ (be) widely recognized as two of the most effective and sustainable habits to maintain good physical and mental health in our fast-paced modern lives. ◇预测 03 翻译句子 1. 【新角度·通过湖北非遗剪纸考查主谓一致】学习湖北剪纸这一传统技艺的年轻人数量,随着越来越多的学校开设相关课程,每年都在稳步增长。 2. 【新角度·通过校园“碳中和”行动考查主谓一致】不仅九年级的学生,而且他们已经领导学校“碳中和”活动两年的班主任,都计划本周末在学校新建的生态花园里植树,以纪念地球日。 3.【新角度·通过嫦娥探月工程考查主谓一致】上个月,中国嫦娥六号探测器成功从月球背面采集并带回样本的振奋人心的消息,像野火一样迅速传遍了全国乃至全世界,让每个中国人都倍感自豪。 4. 【新角度·通过家庭端午习俗考查主谓一致】当我昨天下午打电话邀请他们参加我们的粽子制作派对时,这家人——他们都是中国传统文化的忠实爱好者——正在讨论在端午家庭聚会上朗诵哪首古诗。 5. 【新角度·通过武汉军运会赛事考查主谓一致】明天晚上,武汉体育中心的主赛场将有一场中国队与巴西队之间精彩的排球决赛,随后是两场由退役奥运冠军参加的激动人心的篮球表演赛。 6. 【新角度·通过武汉马拉松志愿服务考查主谓一致】上个月在武汉马拉松提供出色帮助的500名志愿者——包括引导选手、分发饮用水和提供医疗支持——每一位都获得了组委会颁发的特别感谢证书和一件限量版比赛T恤。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题06 主谓一致(复习讲义)(湖北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题06 主谓一致(复习讲义)(湖北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题06 主谓一致(复习讲义)(湖北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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