专题04 动词、动词短语、情态动词（复习讲义）（江苏专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦动词及动词短语、情态动词两大核心考点，覆盖中考高频考查的词义语境辨析、固定搭配、情态动词表推测等要求。通过“考情透视-考点梳理-真题精析-分层训练”架构，系统整合动词分类（实义、助动、连系动词）、短语搭配（put/turn/give系列）及情态动词用法，助力学生构建知识网络，突破语境运用难点。 亮点在于“真题动向+核心提炼+易错警示”三维设计，如动词短语通过“看宾语、辨语境”技巧训练，情态动词结合对话情境判断推测程度，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设真题闯关、模拟预测分层练习，配合5分钟限时检测，确保高效突破考点，教师可依此精准把控复习节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题04 动词及动词短语、情态动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词及动词短语 考点二 情态动词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 动词核心围绕“词义语境辨析”（如take/bring/carry、look/see/watch、say/speak/talk/tell等）、“动词短语固定搭配”（如turn on/off、put up/down、give up/away、take place/happen等）、“动词词性转换”（动词变名词、形容词），其中“动词短语搭配”和“近义动词辨析”是近三年命题重点，占比约70%，且多结合语境考查，如2025年南京、苏州中考均侧重动词短语。 2. 情态动词can，may，should，would，have to、must及其否定的用法等是高频考点。 热考角度 近年（2025年~2023年）考点示例 1. （2025年 南京中考 单项选择第10题）— Please ______ the light when you leave the room. — OK, I will. (A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down) 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析；结合后句“离开房间时”，可知此处指“关灯”，turn off（关闭）符合语境；turn on（打开）、turn up（调大）、turn down（调小）均不符合。 2. （2024年 苏州中考 完形填空第42题）The teacher asked us to ______ our hands if we had any questions. (A. put up B. put down C. put away D. put off) 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析；结合语境“如果有问题，就举手”，put up one’s hand（举手）为固定搭配，符合语境；put down（放下）、put away（收好）、put off（推迟）均不符合。 3. （2025年 无锡中考 单项选择第6题）— Where is Lucy? I can’t find her. — She ______ be in the library. She often reads books there after school. (A. must B. may C. can’t D. should) 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词表推测；结合后句“她放学后经常在图书馆看书”，可知此处是“可能”在图书馆，语气不确定，may表示“可能”，符合语境；must（一定，语气肯定）、can’t（不可能）、should（应该）均不符合。 命题预测 1. 题干语境丰富，多为完整句子或简短段落，侧重“动词/动词短语在语境中的正确运用”，需牢记固定搭配，同时区分近义动词的用法差异，避免混淆。 2. 情态动词核心考查重点是“情态动词表推测”（must一定、may可能、can’t不可能）。多为交际对话，侧重“根据语境判断情态动词的含义”，避免单纯考查语法规则，需结合对话语气、上下文判断推测程度或请求/建议的语气。 考点一 动词及动词短语 1．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）You’re welcome! ________ you good luck! A．Give B．Make C．Hope D．Wish 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不客气！祝你好运！ 考查动词辨析。Give给；Make使，制造；Hope希望；Wish祝愿。根据“you good luck!”可知，此处是wish sb sth“祝愿某人某事”。故选D。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）And I ________ you should try the colour therapy. Colours have amazing power. A．support B．suggest C．imagine D．introduce 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我建议你应该试试色彩疗法。颜色有惊人的力量。 考查动词辨析。support支持；suggest建议；imagine想象；introduce介绍。根据“you should try the colour therapy”可知，建议试试色彩疗法，此处为提出建议。故选B。 3．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Zhu Yangzhu was ________ with the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2023. —Congratulations! He is the pride of Peixian, Xuzhou. A．presented B．provided C．prepared D．promised 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——朱杨柱在2023年被授予了“中国青年五四奖章”。——恭喜！他是徐州沛县的骄傲。 考查动词辨析。presented授予，颁发；provided提供，供应；prepared准备；promised承诺。根据答语“Congratulations! He is the pride of Peixian, Xuzhou.”可知，他是沛县的骄傲，因此这里是指“被授予奖章”是一个光荣的、值得祝贺的事件；考查be presented with“被授予 (奖项、荣誉等)”，动词短语。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）New types of energy from the sun, wind and water ________ little pollution and will never run out. A．burn B．recycle C．separate D．produce 【答案】D 【详解】句意：来自太阳、风能和水能的新型能源几乎不会产生污染，而且永远不会耗尽。 考查动词辨析。burn燃烧；recycle回收；separate分开；produce产生。根据“little pollution and will never run out.”可知新型能源几乎不会产生污染。故选D。 5．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）I want to be a doctor like my parents. They really ________ their patients. A．hear about B．talk about C．care about D．dream about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想成为像我父母一样的医生。他们真的很关心他们的病人。 考查动词短语辨析。hear about听说； talk about谈论；care about关心，照顾；dream about梦想。根据“doctor”（医生）和“patients”（病人）的职业关联，医生的核心态度是“照顾”病人，故选C。 6．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）To have more classrooms, we’re ________ a new teaching building. A．putting up B．putting out C．putting in D．putting down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了增加教室数量，我们正在建造一座新的教学楼。 考查动词短语辨析。putting up建造；putting out扑灭；putting in提出；putting down放下。根据“To have more classrooms, we’re ... a new teaching building.”可知，正在建造一座新的教学楼。故选A。 7．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）Come on, Alice. Don’t be so hard on yourself. Everyone makes mistakes. We have to ________ ourselves sometimes and keep a sense of humour! A．believe in B．look after C．depend on D．laugh at 【答案】D 【详解】句意：加油，爱丽丝。不要对自己那么苛刻。每个人都会犯错误。我们有时必须自嘲并保持幽默感！ 考查动词短语。believe in相信；look after照顾；depend on依靠；laugh at嘲笑。根据“keep a sense of humour”可知此处表示“嘲笑自己”，即自嘲。故选D。 8．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）In yesterday’s maths lesson, our group ______ the problem after a discussion. A．cut out B．worked out C．put out D．handed out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在昨天的数学课上，我们小组经过讨论后解决了这个问题。 考查动词短语。cut out剪掉；worked out解决；put out扑灭；handed out分发，给出。根据“...the problem”以及选项可知，此处表示解决了这个问题。故选B。 9．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Stress comes and goes. Sometimes you just need to ________. A．sit down B．fall down C．calm down D．come down 【答案】C 【详解】句意：压力总会来来去去。有时候你只需要静下心来。 考查动词短语。sit down坐下；fall down摔倒；calm down冷静下来；come down下来。根据“Stress comes and goes. Sometimes you just need to...”可知，有压力时需要静下心来。故选C。 10．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）Our class went on a camping trip last Sunday. We ________ our tent near a lake. A．put up B．made up C．took up D．woke up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们班上星期天去露营了。我们在湖边搭起帐篷。 考查动词短语。put up搭建；made up编造；took up占据；woke up醒来。根据“our tent near a lake”可知是在湖边搭建帐篷。故选A。 1 实义动词（Notional Verbs） 定义：有实际意义，能独立作谓语的动词。 类型 特点 例句 及物动词 必须带宾语 I love music.（我爱音乐。） She bought a book.（她买了一本书。） 不及物动词 不带宾语 He smiled.（他笑了。） The sun rises.（太阳升起。） 兼作动词 既可及物也可不及物 He runs every day.（他每天跑步。→不及物） He runs a company.（他经营一家公司。→及物） 2 助动词（Auxiliary Verbs） 定义：帮助实义动词构成时态、语态、否定、疑问等。 助动词 功能 be (am/is/are/was/were) 构成进行时/被动语态 have (has/had) 构成完成时 do (does/did) 构成疑问/否定/强调 will/shall 构成将来时 3 连系动词（Linking Verbs） 定义：连接主语和表语，说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 类型 常见动词 例句 be动词 am, is, are, was, were She is a teacher. （她是老师。） 感官动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel The food smells delicious. （食物闻起来很香。） 变化动词 become, get, turn, grow, go The leaves turn yellow in autumn. （树叶在秋天变黄。） 状态动词 seem, appear, keep, stay, remain He seems happy. （他似乎很快乐。） 1. 实义动词 · 及物动词：后必须接宾语 I love English. · 不及物动词：后不直接接宾语，要加介词 listen to music；look at the blackboard 2. 助动词 · do/does/did：帮助构成否定、疑问 He doesn’t like apples. · have/has/had：帮助构成完成时态 I have finished my homework. · will/shall：帮助构成将来时 I will go to Beijing tomorrow. 3. 动词短语（中考必考点） · put：put on 穿上；put up 张贴；put off 推迟；put away 收好 · turn：turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 调大；turn down 调小 · give：give up 放弃；give away 捐赠；give out 分发 · take：take care of 照顾；take off 脱下 / 起飞；take up 占据 · look：look after 照顾；look for 寻找；look up 查阅；look forward to 期待 解题技巧： 看宾语、看语境、记固定搭配，不按字面意思翻译。 1．Our English teacher often tells us to ________ our vocabulary by reading more books. A．divide B．spread C．increase D．reduce 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师经常告诉我们要通过多读书来增加词汇量。 考查动词辨析。divide分割；spread传播；increase增加；reduce减少。根据“by reading more books”可知，多读书的目的是增加词汇量。故选C。 2．The special style ________ the beginning of a new kind of travel program. A．marks B．manages C．matches D．mixes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种特殊的风格标志着一类新型旅游节目的开端。 考查动词辨析。marks标志；manages管理；matches匹配；mixes混合。根据“The special style…the beginning of a new kind of travel program.”可知，此处表示“标志着……的开端”，应选用marks。故选A。 3．—I’d like to travel to Anhui. —Yellow Mountain is a place of interest. You can’t ________ it. A．miss B．reach C．change D．follow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想去安徽旅游。——黄山是一处名胜。你不可错过它。 考查动词辨析。miss错过；reach到达；change改变；follow跟随。根据“Yellow Mountain is a place of interest.”可知，此处应表示“不可错过”，强调值得游览。故选A。 4．—Jack, I hear you are going to spend the Spring Festival abroad. —I did consider it, but I have ________ the plan. Staying with family means more to me. A．confirmed B．connected C．controlled D．cancelled 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，我听说你打算去国外过春节。——我确实考虑过，但我已经取消了这个计划。和家人在一起对我来说更重要。 考查动词辨析。confirmed确认；connected连接；controlled控制；cancelled取消。根据答语中“Staying with family means more to me.”可知，杰克最终决定与家人共度春节，因此他应该取消了之前的出国计划。故选D。 5．Please ________ yourself well at the party and don’t be too shy to talk with others. A．knock B．behave C．reflect D．perform 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请在派对上表现好一些，不要害羞，多和别人交谈。 考查动词辨析。knock敲；behave表现；reflect反映；perform表演。根据“yourself well at the party”和“don’t be too shy”可知，此处指在社交场合中注意自己的行为举止，behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“表现得体、守规矩”。故选B。 6．Grace helped a kid find his mother, so Mr. Green ________ her in front of the whole class. A．praised B．supported C．trusted D．mentioned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：格蕾丝帮助一个孩子找到了他的妈妈，所以格林先生在全班同学面前表扬了她。 考查动词辨析。praised表扬；supported支持；trusted信任；mentioned提及。根据“Grace helped a kid find his mother”可知，格蕾丝帮助一个孩子找到了他的妈妈，所以格林先生表扬了她，所以应该用praised。故选A。 7．—It’s reported that many wild animals are in danger. We should ________ immediate action to protect them. —I totally agree with you. A．put B．take C．make D．carry 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——据报道，许多野生动物处于危险之中。我们应该立即采取行动来保护它们。——我完全同意你的观点。 考查动词辨析。put放置；take采取；make制作；carry携带。根据固定搭配“take action”可知，此处应使用take。故选B。 8．The software collects a large amount of your information. As a result, all of your online habits can be ________. A．recorded B．required C．reported D．reminded 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个软件收集了大量你的信息。因此，你所有的上网习惯都可能被记录下来。 考查动词辨析。recorded记录；required要求；reported报告；reminded提醒。根据“The software collects a large amount of your information”可知，上网习惯会被“记录”下来，符合逻辑。故选A。 9．—I studied hard the night before the exam, doing practice tests, but I still ________ in the English exam. —It’s no use trying to prepare at the last minute. A．rose B．appeared C．failed D．succeeded 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我在考试前一晚努力学习，做了练习题，但我在英语考试中还是没及格。 ——临时抱佛脚是没用的。 考查动词辨析。rose上升；appeared出现；failed失败；succeeded成功。根据“It’s no use trying to prepare at the last minute.”可推断，说话者虽然努力了但考试结果不理想，故选C。 10．—Why do you love your mother so much? —Because she always gives me a hug and ________ me up when I hurt myself. A．lifts B．wakes C．gives D．takes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么爱你的妈妈？——因为当我受伤时，她总是给我一个拥抱并把我扶起来。 考查动词辨析。lifts举起；wakes叫醒；gives给；takes带走。根据“when I hurt myself”可知，受伤后妈妈会拥抱并“扶起”我，lift sb. up意为“把某人扶起来”，符合语境。故选A。 11．—Mr. Wu, I get angry easily when my parents disagree with me. —Please try to ________ yourself and learn to put yourself in their shoes. A．consider B．confirm C．control D．contact 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吴老师，当我的父母不同意我的意见时，我很容易生气。——请试着控制自己，并学会站在他们的角度考虑问题。 考查动词辨析。consider考虑；confirm确认；control控制；contact联系。根据前文“get angry easily”可知，此处是建议对方在生气时控制自己的情绪，且后文put yourself in their shoes是另一条建议，与控制情绪并列。故选C。 12．All my family members think people should ________ doctors and nurses for their contribution (贡献)。 A．praise B．perform C．exchange D．behave 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的所有家人都认为人们应该赞扬医生和护士的贡献。 考查动词辨析。praise赞扬；perform表演；exchange交换；behave表现。根据“for their contribution (贡献)”可知，此处指因贡献而赞扬医护人员。故选A。 13．Because of the bad weather, the plane ________ on the ground. A．remained B．shone C．cleared D．lay 【答案】A 【详解】句意：由于天气恶劣，飞机停留在地面上。 考查动词辨析。remained停留，保持；shone发光；cleared清除；lay躺，平放。根据“Because of the bad weather”可知，恶劣天气导致飞机无法起飞，只能停留在地面。故选A。 14．My grandparents ________ a farm where they grow vegetables and raise chickens. And they usually sell the vegetables and chicken for money. A．run B．build C．design D．discover 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的祖父母经营着一个农场，他们在那里种蔬菜、养鸡。他们通常出售蔬菜和鸡肉来赚钱。 考查动词辨析。run经营；build建造；design设计；discover发现。根据后文“where they grow vegetables and raise chickens”以及“sell the vegetables and chicken for money”可知，祖父母是在经营农场，run a farm意为“经营农场”，固定搭配。故选A。 15．The main purpose of this activity is to ______ young people about environmental protection. A．educate B．support C．prevent D．connect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这项活动的主要目的是教育年轻人关于环境保护。 考查动词辨析。educate教育；support支持；prevent防止；connect连接。根据“young people about environmental protection.”可知，活动的主要目的应是教育年轻人了解环保知识。故选A。 16．—This math problem is so hard! —Yes, solving it ______ great effort. Let’s work on it together. A．repeats B．requires C．receives D．reports 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这道数学题真难！——是的，解决它需要很大的努力。我们一起研究吧。 考查动词辨析。repeats重复；requires需要；receives收到；reports报告。根据前文“This math problem is so hard”以及“Let’s work on it together”可推知，解决难题需要付出很大努力。故选B。 17．This morning I saw the young lady ________ an old man her own seat on the bus. A．afford B．provide C．offer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上，我看到那位年轻女士在公交车上给一位老人让座。 考查动词辨析。afford负担得起；provide提供；offer主动提供。根据“I saw the young lady...an old man her own seat on the bus”可知，此处表示“主动让座”，结构为“offer sb sth”。故选C。 18．—Why are there so many people wearing masks in the street? —Because the flu (流感) is starting to ________ quickly among people. A．spread B．grow C．carry D．send 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么街上有这么多人戴口罩？——因为流感开始在人群中快速传播。 考查动词辨析。spread传播；grow生长；carry携带；send发送。根据“Because the flu (流感) is starting to…quickly among people.”可知，流感在人群中快速“传播”符合常理。故选A。 19．—What’s the name of this tea? It tastes delicious. —It’s Houkui, a kind of green tea. It is in the south of Anhui. A．punished B．prepared C．polluted D．produced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这种茶叫什么名字？它尝起来很好喝。——是猴魁，一种绿茶。它产于安徽南部。 考查动词辨析。punished被惩罚；prepared被准备；polluted被污染；produced被生产。根据“It’s Houkui, a kind of green tea...in the south of Anhui.”可知，此处指茶是在安徽南部生产的。故选D。 20．—My drone (无人机) was suddenly out of control and fell down. It seems something is wrong. —Let me ______ it carefully to see if any part is broken. A．examine B．manage C．knock D．judge 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我的无人机突然失控并掉了下来，似乎出了什么问题。——让我仔细检查一下，看看是否有零件损坏。 考查动词辨析。examine检查；manage管理；knock敲击；judge判断。根据“to see if any part is broken”可知，为了确认是否有零件损坏，需要仔细“检查”无人机。故选A。 21．You must ________ your dream no matter what difficulties you meet with. Success belongs to those who won’t stop half way. A．pay for B．depend on C．call in D．stick to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：无论遇到什么困难，你都必须坚持你的梦想。成功属于那些不会半途而废的人。 考查动词短语辨析。pay for为……付款；depend on依靠，取决于；call in召集，来访；stick to坚持。根据“Success belongs to those who won’t stop half way”和“…your dream”可知，此处强调要“坚持梦想”。故选D。 22．—Ben, I haven’t seen you for a long time and I miss you so much! —Just ________ when you’re free. A．take off B．drop by C．talk back D．pass by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Ben，好久不见，我非常想念你！——有空时顺便来看看。 考查动词短语辨析。take off起飞/脱下；drop by顺便拜访；talk back顶嘴；pass by经过。根据前文“I miss you so much!”可知，此处应该是邀请对方有空时来见面，drop by表示“顺便拜访”最符合语境。故选B。 23．It’s fine to take part in some social activities. But don’t let them ________ your schoolwork. A．kick off B．get in the way of C．look up to D．bring back 【答案】B 【详解】句意：参加一些社交活动是可以的，但不要让它们妨碍你的学业。 考查动词短语辨析。kick off开始；get in the way of妨碍；look up to尊敬；bring back带回。根据“It’s fine to take part in some social activities.”和“But don’t let them...your schoolwork.”可知，此处应表示不要让社交活动“妨碍”学业。故选B。 24．It ________ a large area with red walls and golden roofs. A．opens up B．stays up C．puts up D．takes up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：它占据了一大片区域，有红色的墙和金色的屋顶。 考查动词短语。opens up打开；stays up熬夜；puts up张贴；takes up占据（空间/时间）。根据“a large area”可知，此处表示占据一大片区域，强调空间占用。故选D。 25．Stop scrolling on your mobile phone. It ________ too much of your time. A．takes up B．takes off C．takes back D．takes down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：别刷手机了，它占用了你太多时间。 考查动词短语。takes up占用（时间/空间）；takes off起飞、脱下；takes back收回；takes down记下、取下。根据“It…too much of your time.”的句意可知，刷手机“占用”太多时间，应选用takes up。故选A。 26．—When will you ________ for the winter camp in Huangshan? —We plan to leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning to avoid the heavy traffic. A．set out B．put out C．give out D．work out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你们什么时候出发去黄山的冬令营？——我们计划明早六点出发，以避开交通拥堵。 考查动词短语。set out出发；put out扑灭；give out分发；work out解决，计算出。根据“We plan to leave at 6 o’clock...”可知，问句询问的是“出发”的时间。故选A。 27．—Daniel, your elder sister looks so unhappy today. What’s up? —Our school has ________ the spring outing as a result of the bad weather. A．joined in B．heard about C．called off D．taken up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，你姐姐今天看起来很不开心。怎么了？——由于糟糕的天气，我们学校已经取消了春游。 考查动词短语辨析。joined in 加入；heard about 听说；called off 取消；taken up 开始从事。根据“as a result of the bad weather”可知，天气不好导致春游被取消，所以姐姐不开心。故选C。 28．A serious fire ________ in Hong Kong on the afternoon of November 26, 2025 and the fire has caused 159 deaths. A．broke out B．broke off C．broke up D．broke down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2025年11月26日下午，香港发生了一场严重的火灾，这场火灾已造成159人死亡。 考查动词短语辨析。broke out爆发，常用于火灾、战争等突发事件的起始；broke off中断，指突然停止；broke up解散，指群体分离；broke down故障，指机械或身体崩溃。根据“A serious fire”可知火灾是“爆发”的，故选A。 29．—I feel a bit nervous about the upcoming interview. Any advice? —Just be yourself. The interviewers want to see the real you, so there’s no need to ________ stories. A．make up B．give up C．take up D．clean up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我对即将到来的面试感到有点紧张。有什么建议吗？——做你自己就好。面试官想看到真实的你，所以没必要编造故事。 考查动词短语辨析。make up编造；give up放弃；take up开始从事；clean up清理。根据“The interviewers want to see the real you”可知，面试官想看真实的你，因此不需要“编造”故事。故选A。 30．After the blackboard is full of writing, please ________ the old words before writing new ones. A．go off B．put up C．clean off D．clean up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在黑板上写满了字之后，请在写新内容之前把旧字迹擦掉。 考查动词短语辨析。go off 离开；put up张贴，搭建；clean off 擦掉（表面上的东西）；clean up打扫，清理。根据“please...the old words before writing new ones.”可知，黑板写满后需要擦掉旧字迹才能写新的，强调清除表面字迹，用clean off 更准确。故选C。 31．We must ________ all the litter we produce when we go hiking. A．put away B．give away C．go away D．take away 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们徒步旅行时，我们必须带走我们产生的所有垃圾。 考查动词短语辨析。put away收好；give away赠送；go away离开；take away带走。根据“all the litter we produce”可知，徒步旅行时应将产生的垃圾“带走”。故选D。 32．If there’s nobody at home for a long time, you’d better ________ the electricity and water. A．shut off B．clean off C．put off D．take off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果家里长时间没人，你最好关掉电源和水。 考查动词短语。shut off关掉；clean off清除；put off推迟；take off脱下。根据“If there’s nobody at home for a long time”可知，长时间无人时应关闭水电以确保安全，shut off符合。故选A。 33．At the beginning, there might be some difficulties, but things will ______ well in the end. A．lay out B．turn out C．give up D．give away 【答案】B 【详解】句意：起初可能会有一些困难，但事情最终会好起来。 考查动词短语辨析。lay out布置、安排；turn out结果是、最终成为；give up放弃；give away赠送、泄露。根据句意，前半句提到“起初有困难”，后半句“in the end”表示最终结果会变好，应选择表示“结果是”的短语。故选B。 34．—I’m sorry, Mum. I didn’t win first prize in the running race. —It doesn’t matter. I know you’ve done your best. I ________ you. A．take care of B．worry about C．take pride in D．take after 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——对不起，妈妈。我在跑步比赛中没有获得第一名。——没关系。我知道你已经尽力了。我为你骄傲。 考查动词短语辨析。 take care of 照顾；worry about 担心； take pride in 为……感到骄傲；take after 长得像。根据“I know you've done your best”可知，妈妈认为孩子已经尽力，所以应该是为你感到骄傲，故选C。 35．I thought paper-cutting was difficult, but it _________ to be very easy after I practise a lot. A．runs out B．breaks out C．looks out D．turns out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我原以为剪纸很难，但在我大量练习后，结果发现它非常容易。 考查动词短语。runs out用完，耗尽；breaks out爆发；looks out当心，向外看；turns out结果是，证明是。根据“I thought paper-cutting was difficult, but it…to be very easy after I practise a lot.”可知，此处介绍在大量练习剪纸后产生的结果。故选D。 36．Our plane will ________ in less than five minutes. We must be quick! A．take on B．take off C．take up D．take away 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的飞机将在不到五分钟内起飞。我们必须快点！ 考查动词短语辨析。take on承担，雇佣；take off起飞，脱下；take up占据，开始从事；take away拿走。根据语境可知，此处指飞机“起飞”。故选B。 37．With full preparation, our dreams will ________ like an airplane at last. A．put off B．take off C．shut off D．clean off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：经过充分准备，我们的梦想最终会像飞机一样起飞。 考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；take off起飞，突然成功；shut off关闭；clean off清除。根据“like an airplane”可知，此处将梦想比作飞机，飞机最终会“起飞”，且“take off”也有“成功、腾飞”的引申义，符合语境。故选B。 38．Jazz was first created by African Americans. Musicians usually ________ the music while playing. A．set up B．put up C．look up D．make up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爵士乐最初由非裔美国人创造。通常情况下，音乐家会在演奏时创作出音乐。 考查动词短语辨析。set up建立；put up张贴；look up查阅；make up编造。根据“Jazz...the music while playing”可知，爵士乐演奏常有即兴发挥的特点，因此音乐家常在演奏时会创作出音乐。故选D。 39．Teamwork is very important, so we need to ________ when we do something in groups. A．pull down B．pull together C．put down D．put together 【答案】B 【详解】句意：团队合作非常重要，所以当我们分组做事时需要齐心协力。 考查动词短语辨析。pull down拆毁；pull together齐心协力；put down放下，记下；put together组装，整理。根据“Teamwork is very important”可知，强调团队合作，因此需要“齐心协力”。故选B。 40．Parents should tell their children some online safety rules to ________ online risks. A．go over B．break into C．guard against D．make up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父母应该告诉孩子一些网络安全规则，以防范网络风险。 考查动词短语辨析。go over复习；break into闯入；guard against防范；make up组成/弥补。根据句意，网络安全规则的目的应是“防范”网络风险，因此guard against最符合语境。故选C。 考点二 情态动词 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）It is a rule that passengers ________ smoke in the high-speed railway. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：乘客禁止在高铁上吸烟是一条规定。 考查情态动词。wouldn’t不会；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能。根据“It is a rule that…”（这是一项规定）可知，此处强调强制性的禁止，故选C。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, Julie. I’ve had a problem recently. ________ you help me? A．Can B．Must C．Should D．May 【答案】A 【详解】句意：嘿，朱莉。我最近遇到一个问题。你能帮我吗？ 考查情态动词辨析。Can能、可以，表示请求许可或能力；Must必须，表示强制或义务；Should应该，表示建议或责任；May可以，表示请求许可，语气较正式。此处是请求对方提供帮助，用“Can”更符合日常口语中的请求语境。故选A。 3．（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）—Lily, how is Daniel’s plan for our class trip going on? —I’m not sure. It ________ be completed. I saw him working on it this morning. A．may not B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Lily，Daniel的班级旅行计划进展如何？——我不确定。它可能还没被完成。我今天早上看到他在做。 考查情态动词。may not可能不，表示不确定的推测；shouldn’t不应该，通常用于建议或义务；can’t不可能，用于否定推测；mustn’t禁止。根据“I’m not sure...I saw him working on it this morning.”可知，说话者应是不确定计划是否完成，且看到Daniel早上还在做，因此用“may not”表示推测。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—________ you teach me to play basketball, Simon? —Sure. Let’s go! A．Shall B．Can C．Might D．Need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——西蒙，你能教我打篮球吗？——当然可以。我们走吧！ 考查动词辨析。Shall将要；Can可以；Might也许；Need需要，根据“...you teach me to play basketball, Simon?”可知，询问对方是否可以教自己打篮球，故选B。 5．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）It’s true that robots ______ do a lot of things, such as telling stories, doing kung fu and so on. A．may B．must C．can D．might 【答案】C 【详解】句意：机器人确实能做很多事情，比如讲故事、练功夫等等。 考查情态动词辨析。may可能；must必须；can能、会；might可能（may的过去式）。根据“such as telling stories, doing kung fu and so on”可知，是在说明机器人“具备做这些事情的能力”。“can”表示“能、会”，强调具备某种能力，故选C。 6．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Will you be able to finish the work in time? —I ________ promise anything, but I’ll do my best. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能及时完成这项工作吗？——我不能保证什么，但我会尽力而为。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能（通常用于过去时或委婉假设）；mustn’t禁止。根据“I...promise anything, but I’ll do my best.”可知，此处表示“无法保证什么，但会尽力而为”，是在对话情境中的直接回应，应用can’t。故选A。 7．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）It’s so noisy that I ________ hear a word of what you are saying. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：太吵了，你说的话我一个字也听不见。 考查动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t必须；needn’t不需要。根据“It’s so noisy that I ... hear a word of what you are saying.”可知，表示因噪音而“无法”听清，用can’t。故选A。 8．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）From April 8, pet owners in China ________ bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains. A．must B．should C．can D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从4月8日起，中国的宠物主人可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐一些高速列车。 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；can可以；need需要。根据“bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains.”可知是可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐一些高速列车。故选C。 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom? —No, you ________. You can use any colour you like, A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我必须用粉红色来粉刷我的卧室吗？——不，你不用。你可以用任何你喜欢的颜色。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。根据“Must I...”可知其否定回答用needn’t。故选D。 10．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy? — No problem. A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——苏西，你能教我怎么拉小提琴吗？——没问题。 考查情景交际。can能，可以；should应该；must必须；need需要。根据“you show me how to play the violin”可知此处是请求许可，can符合语境。故选A。 情态动词 基本用法 例句 can/ could 1、表示能力，可译为“能，会”。 2、表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 3、表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 4、can’t... too… /can’t… enough 再…也不为过。 The cinema can seat 1,000 people.  Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo? How can you be so careless?  You can’t be too careful when driving. may/ might 在口语中可用can, could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示口气比较婉转。 1、表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。 2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you? May you succeed! must/ have to 1、must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务，强调主观看法，可译为“必须，应该”。 2、have to表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。 3、mustn’t表示“禁止”；don’t have to意思是“没有必要”= don’t need to。 4、must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事，可译为“必然会，总是会”。 5、must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。 Everyone must obey the rule.  My eyesight is very poor. I have to wear glasses for reading. You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone. You don’t have to tell me the secret. Truth must be out. When I was taking a nap, a student must knock at the door.  must 肯定回答：Yes, ...must. 否定回答：No,...needn’t / don’t have to. shall 1、表示征询意见或请求指示，用于一、三人称疑问句。 2、表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁、决心”等意思，用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 3、表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该”。 Shall they wait outside?  He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （警告） Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.（决心） The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides. should 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（某件事宜于做）。 2、常与what, how, why等词连用，表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 3、表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测，可译为“可能、照说应该”。 4、表惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等，意为“竟然”。 One shouldn’t be selfish. How should I know? He should be taking a bath now. It’s a pity that you should be so careless. ought to 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务而该做），口气比should稍重。 2、表示推测，暗含很大的可能，可译为“应该是，会是”。 We ought to defend our country. Prices ought to come down soon. will 1、表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。 2、表请求，用于疑问句。 3、表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 I will do anything for you. Will you close the window? It’s a bit  cold.  The door won’t open. would 1、表意愿。 2、表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 3、表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。  They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.  Would you like another glass of beer?  Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.  used to 1、表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况，但现在已不存在。 2、否定：usedn’t to/didn’t use to。 区别： used to表示过去习惯动作或状态，强调“现已无此习惯了”，而would只表示过去的习惯动作，与现在无关，往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。 He used to drink tea but now he drinks coffee. I usedn’t to go there./ I didn’t use to go there. Did you use to/Used you to go to the same school as your brother? We used to play hide-and-seek in the fields.  Whenever we were in the country, we would play hide-and-seek in the fields. need 1、作情态动词： need表示“需要”或“必须”，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用 must，have to，ought to，或 should代替。 否定：needn’t do 2、作实义动词： 后面接不定式（to do），有人称、数和时态的变化。 肯定：need to do 否定：don’t need to do You needn’t come so early. He needs to finish it this evening. He doesn’t need to finish it this evening. dare 1、作情态动词： 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用于肯定句。 2、作实义动词： 在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带 to的不定式；而在否定和疑问句中，dare后面的不定式可以不带to。 肯定：dare to do 否定：don’t dare (to) do —He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? —Yes, he dare./No, he daren’t. How dare you say I’m unfair? If you dare come here, I will come to meet you. 1. 基本用法 · can：能、会；可能 I can swim. · may：可以；可能 May I come in? · must：必须；一定（表推测） You must finish your homework. · should：应该 We should help others. · need：需要（情态动词 + 动词原形；实义动词 + to do） 2. 否定形式 · can’t：不能；不可能 · mustn’t：禁止，不准 · needn’t：不必 · shouldn’t：不应该 3. 高频考点 · Must I…? 肯定：Yes, you must. 否定：No, you needn’t / don’t have to. · can’t 表推测：不可能 He can’t be at home. 1．—I wonder if these are Jim’s glasses. —They ________ be his. He doesn’t wear glasses. A．could B．mustn’t C．should D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道这些是不是吉姆的眼镜。——它们不可能是他的。他不戴眼镜。 考查情态动词。could可能；mustn’t禁止，不准；should应该；can’t不可能。根据“He doesn’t wear glasses.”可知，眼镜不可能是吉姆的，表示否定推测用can’t。故选D。 2．Jane ________ be in the teacher’s office. I saw her playing on the playground just now. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shall not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：简不可能在老师的办公室里。我刚才看见她在操场上玩。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；needn’t不必；shall not将不。根据“I saw her playing on the playground just now.”可知，说话人刚才看到简在操场，因此推测她现在“不可能”在办公室，表示否定的推测用can’t。故选B。 3．Visitors ________ pick mushrooms alone in Yunnan. It’s dangerous. A．might B．mightn’t C．must D．mustn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：游客在云南禁止独自采摘蘑菇。这很危险。 考查情态动词辨析。might可能；mightn’t可能不；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据后句“It’s dangerous.”可知，独自采摘蘑菇很危险，因此这是被禁止的行为，应填mustn’t。故选D。 4．—Must I clean the room right now? —No, you ________. We’ll do it together later. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须现在打扫房间吗？——不，你不必。我们稍后一起做。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。 根据“We’ll do it together later.”可知，此处表示“不必”，且must开头的一般疑问句否定回答通常用needn’t，故选A。 5．—Is that Alex running on the playground? —It ________ be him. He is always in the library at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在操场上跑步的是Alex吗？——不可能是他。这个时间他总是在图书馆。 考查情态动词表推测的用法。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不可能。根据答语“He is always in the library at this time.”可知，说话人根据Alex的习惯，推断操场上的人不可能是Alex，此处表示否定推测用can’t。故选D。 6．Miss Huo said, “You ________ never be too patient when getting along with pets.” A．must B．should C．can D．may 【答案】C 【详解】句意：霍老师说：“和宠物相处时，你再耐心也不为过” 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；can能够，可以；may可能。题干中“never be too patient”是“can’t be too...”的肯定式变体，即“can never be too...”意为“再……也不为过”，是固定表达。故选C。 7．—Is that man Mr. Smith? —It ______ be him. He has gone to Hong Kong on business. A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——那个男人是史密斯先生吗？——不可能是他。他去香港出差了。 考查情态动词。may not可能不；needn’t不必；can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止。根据“He has gone to Hong Kong on business.”（他去香港出差了）可知，说话人根据事实进行否定推测，表示“不可能是他”，应使用can’t。故选C。 8．You _________worry much about your son. He is already able to look after himself. A．won’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必太担心你的儿子。他已经能照顾自己了。 考查情态动词辨析。won’t将不；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据“He is already able to look after himself.”可知，儿子能自理，所以“不必”担心，needn’t符合语境。故选D。 9．—Ms. Li, must we hand in the book report today? —No, you ________. Just make sure you give it to me before Friday. A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 李老师，我们今天必须交读书报告吗？—— 不，你们不必。只要确保在周五之前交给我就行。 考查情态动词。need’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止。根据“Ms. Li, must we hand in the book report today?”可知，此处是以must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答应用needn’t。故选A。 10．There are enough apples and bananas at home. You _______ buy any fruit. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need D．need to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：家里有足够的苹果和香蕉，你不需要买任何水果。 考查情态动词need的用法。根据前句“There are enough apples and bananas at home”可知，水果已经足够，因此不需要再买。need作情态动词时，否定形式为needn’t，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，否定形式为 don’t need，后接to do。此处空格后为动词原形buy，应选用情态动词的否定形式needn’t。故选A。 11．With the online ticket booking app, we ________ wait in long lines to buy train tickets. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．had better not D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有了网上订票应用，我们不必排长队买火车票了。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；had better not最好不要；needn’t不必。根据“With the online ticket booking app”可知，有了网上订票应用，所以“我们不必排长队买火车票了”，因此此处应该用needn’t。故选D。 12．— Must I hand in my homework today? — No, you ________. You can give it to me tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我今天必须交作业吗？——不，你不用。你明天可以给我。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据问句“Must I...”的否定回答，表示“不必”时用needn’t，且后文“You can give it to me tomorrow”表明不必要今天交。故选B。 13．We’ve already booked the train tickets. You ________ worry about getting seats any more. A．needn’t B．can’t C．may not D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们已经订好了火车票，你不必再担心没有座位了。 考查情态动词。needn’t不必；can’t不能；may not可能不；mustn’t禁止。根据“We’ve already booked the train tickets.”可知，车票已订好，因此不需要再担心座位问题，表示“不必”。故选A。 14．—Look! The man at the gate ________ be our English teacher. He is always standing there every morning. —It ________ be him. I saw him having breakfast in the dining hall just now. A．must; mustn’t B．must; can’t C．can’t; can’t D．can’t; mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！门口的那个人一定是我们的英语老师。他每天早上总是站在那里。——不可能是他。我刚才看见他在餐厅吃早餐。 考查情态动词辨析。must一定，表示肯定推测；mustn’t禁止，不表示推测；can’t不可能，表示否定推测。第一个空，根据“He is always standing there every morning.”可知，此处表示肯定推测，所以用must；第二个空，根据“I saw him having breakfast in the dining hall just now.”可知，此处表示否定推测，所以用can’t。故选B。 15．You ______ take an umbrella. It’s going to rain. A．had better B．would rather C．have to D．must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好带把伞。要下雨了。 考查情态动词。had better最好；would rather宁愿；have to不得不；must必须。根据“It’s going to rain.”可知，要下雨了，所以建议对方最好带伞，表示劝告或建议用had better。故选A。 16．You ________ take down everything the teacher says. Just get the main points. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．won’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你不必记下老师说的每句话，只要抓住要点就行。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能；won’t不会。根据“只要抓住要点就行”可知，前句表示“不必记下所有内容”，强调不必。故选B。 17．When we go to a restaurant, we ________ order less food to prevent waste of food. A．should B．may C．have to D．must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们去餐馆时，我们应该少点一些食物以防止浪费。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；may可以；have to不得不；must必须。根据语境“to prevent waste of food”可知，强调“为了减少食物浪费”，这是一种建议或责任，因此用“应该”最符合逻辑。故选A。 18．You ________ walk on the grass in the park. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不准在公园的草地上行走。这是违反规定的。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t不准，禁止；wouldn’t不会；needn’t不必；don’t have to不必。根据后句“It’s against the rules.”可知，这是规定禁止的行为，应用“mustn’t”表示“禁止、不准”。故选A。 19．You had better ________ too many questions at one time. A．not ask B．don't ask C．not to ask D．not asking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好不要一次问太多问题。 考查had better的用法。had better意为“最好”，后接动词原形，其否定形式为“had better not do sth.”，即在动词原形前加not。故选A。 20．The person in the classroom ________ be your teacher! He is away on a business trip. A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：教室里的那个人不可能是你的老师！他出差了。 考查情态动词。must必须，一定（只能用于肯定句中，表示很有把握的推测）；mustn’t禁止；can可以；can’t不可能。根据“He is away on a business trip.”可知，教室里的人不可能是对方的老师，此处使用can’t 表示有十足把握的否定推测。故选D。 1．（2025·江苏南京·三模）Put on your gloves! Snow is very cold and it can ________ your hands. A．hurt B．wash C．warm D．protect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——戴上你的手套！雪非常冷，它会伤到你的手。 考查动词辨析。hurt伤害；wash清洗；warm使温暖；protect保护。根据“Snow is very cold”可知，雪很冷，如果不戴手套会伤害手，故选A。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—What’s today’s talk about?   —How to ________ our students from accidents. A．protect B．prevent C．provide D．prepare 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今天我们讨论什么？——如何保护学生免受事故伤害。 考查动词词义。protect保护；prevent防止；provide提供；prepare准备。根据“How to... our students from accidents”可知，考查固定短语protect someone from something意为“保护某人免受某事的伤害”。protect our students from accidents“保护学生免受事故伤害”符合句意和语法。故选A。 3．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly ________. A．recommended B．challenged C．translated D．influenced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，强烈建议早睡早起。 考查动词辨析。recommended推荐，建议；challenged挑战；translated翻译；influenced影响。根据“If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly...”可知，“早睡早起”是保持健康的建议，故选A。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）You can’t ________ what the highway roads used to be like. How romantic they are now with a sea of flowers along! A．discover B．expect C．suggest D．imagine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你无法想象这些高速公路过去的样子。现在路边花海如潮，多么浪漫啊！ 考查动词辨析。discover发现；expect预料； suggest建议；imagine。根据“You can’t...what the highway roads used to be like. How romantic they are now with a sea of flowers along!”可知，此处表示对今昔差别的感叹，应是无法想象这些高速公路过去的样子。故选D。 5．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）With rich English speech experience, Jenny ________ to get the chance to host the English Corner activity. A．failed B．afforded C．happened D．managed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：凭借丰富的英语演讲经验，Jenny设法获得了主持英语角活动的机会。 考查动词辨析。failed失败；afforded负担得起；happened发生；managed设法做到。根据“With rich English speech experience, Jenny ... to get the chance to host the English Corner activity.”可知，Jenny的经验使她成功获得主持英语角活动的机会，故选D。 6．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）—Although she was feeling down, she ________ a weak smile. —She was always caring about others’ feelings. A．noticed B．received C．managed D．suggested 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——尽管她情绪低落，还是勉强挤出了一个虚弱的微笑。——她总是很在意别人的感受。 考查动词辨析。noticed注意到；received收到；managed勉强完成；suggested建议。根据“Although she was feeling down”可知，前后为转折关系，情绪低落却勉强做出微笑，managed符合语境，体现努力克制情绪的状态。故选C。 7．（2025·江苏泰州·三模）Yang Yu, known by his nickname “Jiaozi”, has________ the world with his animated movie Ne Zha. A．expressed B．impressed C．succeeded D．suggested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以“饺子”这个绰号而闻名的杨宇，用他的动画电影《哪吒》给世界留下了深刻印象。 考查动词词义辨析。expressed表达；impressed给……留下深刻印象；succeeded成功；suggested建议。根据语境可知，此处描述的是杨宇的动画电影《哪吒》给世界带来的影响，即给世界留下了深刻印象，所以应该用impressed。故选B。 8．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）—I don’t know where to go during the coming holiday. —Why not ______ visiting Xuzhou? There are many places of interest. A．regard B．consider C．risk D．suggest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道即将到来的假期该去哪里。——为什么不考虑去徐州游玩呢？那里有许多名胜古迹。 考查动词辨析。regard看作，认为，常与“as”连用；consider考虑，认为，后面跟“doing”结构；risk冒险；suggest建议，后面跟“doing”结构。根据“Why not”可知，答句在提出建议，且“visiting Xuzhou”是具体的行动。“consider doing sth.”表示“考虑做某事”，符合建议“对方考虑去徐州”的语境。故选B。 9．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Before visiting a foreign country, you’d better ________ what the local people usually do, so you will know the country better. A．check B．doubt C．practise D．decide 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在访问外国之前，你最好了解一下当地人通常会做什么，这样你会更了解这个国家。 考查动词辨析。check检查、核实、了解；doubt怀疑；practise练习；decide决定。根据“Before visiting a foreign country”及“know the country better”可知，此处表示“提前了解当地习俗”，应用check表示“核实、了解”，故选A。 10．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）As soon as the children arrived, they ______ their blankets on the grass and started a picnic. A．laid B．spread C．stuck D．swept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：孩子们一到，他们就把毯子铺在草地上，开始了野餐。 考查动词辨析。laid放置、下蛋；spread传播、伸开、铺开；stuck粘贴、卡住、刺入；swept打扫、清扫。根据“As soon as the children arrived, they...their blankets on the grass and started a picnic.”可知，句中指孩子们在草地上“铺开”毯子，开始野餐。此处使用“spread”意为“铺开、展开”，符合句中孩子们把毯子铺在草地上的场景。故选B。 11．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）World Glacier (冰川) Day is set to _________ people to work together to save glaciers in danger. A．explain B．describe C．remind D．introduce 【答案】C 【详解】句意：世界冰川日设立的目的是提醒人们共同努力拯救濒危冰川。 考查动词辨析。explain解释；describe描述；remind提醒；introduce介绍。根据“World Glacier (冰川) Day is set to...people to work together to save glaciers in danger.”可知，设立世界冰川日是为了提醒人们拯救濒危的冰川，故选C。 12．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Father’s Day is coming. Maybe we ________ buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父亲节快到了。也许我们不需要给爸爸买礼物。我们可以做些家务代替。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；mustn’t不准；needn’t不必要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Maybe we ... buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead.”可知，我们不必要给爸爸买礼物，但是可以做些家务。故选C。 13．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）To protect the environment, many teenagers ______ the “Clean Coast” activity last weekend. A．attended B．joined C．took part in D．held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保护环境，上周末许多青少年参加了“清洁海岸”活动。 考查动词辨析和动词短语。attended参加，通常用于描述出席某个事件或场合；joined加入，表示加入某个组织；took part in参加，指参加活动；held举办，举行。根据“the ‘Clean Coast’ activity”可知，此处指青少年参与活动，应填took part in。故选C。 14．（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）Jane’s father didn’t come to the party though he had ________ to. Jane was so sad. A．invited B．told C．allowed D．promised 【答案】D 【详解】句意：简的父亲没有来参加聚会，尽管他答应了。简很难过。 考查动词辨析。invited邀请；told告诉；allowed允许；promised承诺。根据题干可知，虽然简的父亲承诺了要来参加聚会，但是却没来，所以简很难过。故选D。 15．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）The exciting performance of Yingge dance at the 2025 Spring Festival Gala _______ many people. A．praised B．impressed C．admired D．respected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2025年春晚上的激动人心的英歌舞表演给许多人留下了深刻的印象。 考查动词辨析。praised表扬；impressed使印象深刻；admired羡慕；respected尊重。根据“The exciting performance of Yingge dance”可知，此处指英歌舞的表演给许多人留下深刻的印象。故选B。 16．（2025·安徽淮北·模拟预测）The rapid development of our country ________ strong scientific and technological support. A．admires B．manages C．remains D．requires 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们国家的快速发展需要强大的科技支持。 考查动词辨析。admires钦佩；manages管理；remains保留；requires需要。根据“The rapid development of our country…strong scientific and technological support.”可知，此处表示国家的发展“需要”科技支持。故选D。 17．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）The environment ________ a child’s personality and quality. We all know Mencius’s mother moved house three times. A．represents B．records C．shapes D．marks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：环境塑造了孩子的个性和品质。我们都知道孟母三迁。 考查动词辨析。represents代表；records记录；shapes塑造；marks做记号。根据“The environment...a child’s personality and quality”可知，环境可以塑造一个人的个性和品质。故选C。 18．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）Some officers have turned into live streamers (网络主播) to help ________ product sales. A．support B．provide C．afford D．improve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一些官员已经变成了网络主播，以帮助提高产品销售。 考查动词辨析。support支持；provide提供；afford买得起；improve提高。根据“Some officers have turned into live streamers (网络主播) to help…product sales.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指一些官员变成网络主播的目的应是为了帮助提高产品销售。故选D。 19．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—How’s the view of Nanchang Street along the Grand Canal (大运河)? —Fantastic! The scene ________ as rich as ever, with lanterns filling the streets. A．remains B．returns C．requires D．reviews 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——大运河沿线的南昌街景色如何？——美极了！景色依然像以往一样丰富，街道上挂满了灯笼。 考查动词辨析。remains保持，仍然是；returns返回；requires需要；reviews回顾，评论。根据“as rich as ever”可知，此处强调景色延续了以往的状态，“remains”表示“保持、仍然是”，符合语境。故选A。 20．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）Believe it or not! A cow can ______ nearly 200,000 glasses of milk in a lifetime. A．produce B．prepare C．protect D．prevent 【答案】A 【详解】句意：信不信由你！一头奶牛一生可以产出近20万杯牛奶。 考查动词辨析。produce生产；prepare准备；protect保护；prevent预防。根据“A cow can...nearly 200,000 glasses of milk in a lifetime”可知，此处表示奶牛一生可以产出近20万杯牛奶。故选A。 21．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—Samuel, which club will you choose? —Uh... I ________ choose the dancing club. I have to ask Miss Li for advice and then decide. A．may B．must C．can D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——塞缪尔，你会选哪个俱乐部？——呃……我可能选舞蹈俱乐部。我得先问问李老师的建议再决定。 考查情态动词辨析。may可能；也许；must必须；一定；can能；可以；should应该。根据“have to ask Miss Li for advice and then decide”可知，塞缪尔得先问建议再决定，表明塞缪尔尚未确定选择，只是提出一种可能性。所以此处需填入表示“不确定推测”的情态动词。故选A。 22．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—Kimmy, never throw any object from the building. —OK. I know even a small object ________ cause serious injuries or death when dropped from a great height. A．should B．must C．may D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吉米，千万不要从楼里扔任何东西。——好的。我知道即使是一个很小的物体，当从很高的地方落下时，也可能造成严重的伤害甚至死亡。 考查情态动词。should应该；must必须；may可能；need需要。根据“I know even a small object ... cause serious injuries or death when dropped from a great height.”可知，即使是很小的物体，当从很高处掉落时，也可能造成严重的伤害或死亡。故选C。 23．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The film The Dumpling Queen is excellent and you ________ praise it too much. A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：电影《水饺皇后》非常出色，你给它再多的赞美也不为过。 考查情态动词。needn’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不许。根据“The film The Dumpling Queen is excellent”可知，这部电影很出色，给予再多的赞美也不为过，can’t … too much表示 “再……也不为过”。故选B。 24．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）You ________ travel around the world if you save money and plan your trips wisely. A．must B．can C．need D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你存钱并明智地规划旅行，你就能够环游世界。 考查情态动词。must必须；can能够；need需要；should应该。根据“if you save money and plan your trips wisely.”可知，如果存钱并明智地规划旅行，就能够环游世界。故选B。 25．（2025·江苏南京·二模）—Are we allowed to take photos in Dunhuang Museum? —No, you ________. It does much harm to the artworks over time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们被允许在敦煌博物馆拍照吗？——不，你们禁止拍照。随着时间的推移，它对艺术品造成了很大的伤害。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It does much harm to the artworks over time.”可知，拍照的行为会对艺术品造成很大的伤害，应是禁止拍照。故选A。 26．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Jogging ______ be a bit boring sometimes, but it’s a great way to start a day. A．must B．may C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：慢跑有时可能会有点无聊，但它是开启一天的好方式。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；may可能；can’t不可能；shouldn’t不应该。may表推测，“慢跑有时可能有点无聊”，符合语境，体现不确定的推测。故选B。 27．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）To avoid risks, students ______ share personal information online. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为避免风险，学生不得在网上共享个人信息。 考查must否定表示禁止。mustn’t不得，千万不要；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能；wouldn’t不会。根据“students...share personal information online”可知，学生禁止在网上共享个人信息，mustn’t意为“不得”，表示禁止，故选A。 28．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—The weather report says there ________ be a big sandstorm tomorrow. —Then we ________ cancel the outdoor activities and stay indoors. A．can; would B．must; need C．might; should D．should; could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——天气预报说明天可能会有一场大沙尘暴。——那我们应该取消户外活动，待在室内。 考查情态动词辨析。can能；would将会；must一定；need需要；might可能；should应该；could能够。根据“The weather report says”可知，明天有大沙尘暴是不确定的推测，第一个空用might；结合语境，因为可能有沙尘暴，所以“应该”取消户外活动，第二个空用should。故选C。 29．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）—Who is knocking at the door? —It ________ be a delivery (递送) man. I ordered some food online just now. A．can B．may C．must D．should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁在敲门？——一定是外卖小哥。我刚刚在网上点了些食物。 考查情态动词。can能够；may可以；must一定；should应该。根据“I ordered some food online just now.”可推测敲门的可能是外卖小哥，表示一种较强的推测，用must，故选C。 30．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—All of us _________ wear helmets when riding e-bikes. —Exactly! Safety comes first. A．need B．must C．may D．can 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——骑电动自行车时，我们所有人都必须戴头盔。——正是！安全第一。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；must必须；may可能；can可以。根据答语“Exactly! Safety comes first.”可知，此处强调骑电动车时戴头盔的必要性，这是一种规定或要求，所以要用must表示“必须”。故选B。 31．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）—Would you like to attend my party tonight? —Sorry, my parents don’t allow me to at night. A．bring back B．look after C．take up D．stay out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你今晚想参加我的派对吗？——对不起，我的父母不允许我晚上不回家。 考查动词短语辨析。bring back带回来；look after照顾；take up占据，从事；stay out待在外面，不回家。根据对话，拒绝参加派对的原因应是是父母不允许晚上不回家。故选D。 32．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）He is charged with theft because he _________ others’ houses last week. A．broke up B．broke into C．broke down D．broke out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他被指控盗窃，因为他上周闯入了别人的房子。 考查动词短语辨析。broke up分手；解散；broke into闯入；broke down崩溃；故障；broke out爆发。根据“He is charged with theft” (被指控盗窃) 和“others’ houses” (别人的房子) 可知，这里表示他闯入了别人的房子。故选B。 33．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—What did your Chinese teacher say just now? —She asked us to ________ a story with all the key words on the blackboard. A．give up B．turn up C．make up D．get up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的语文老师刚才说了什么？——她让我们用黑板上的所有关键词编造一个故事。 考查短语动词辨析。give up放弃；turn up出现；调高；make up编造；get up起床。根据“…a story with all the key words”可知，应是用关键词编造故事，强调虚构或创作。故选C。 34．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）A survey about teenagers’ reading habits was ________ here last week. A．taken out B．turned out C．worked out D．carried out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一项关于青少年阅读习惯的调查上周在这里被实施。 考查动词短语辨析。taken out取出；turned out结果是；worked out计算出；carried out执行。根据“A survey about teenagers’ reading habits was...”可知，主语“调查”需要搭配表示“执行或实施”的短语动词。故选D。 35．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）Dalian Jinzhouwan International Airport will soon ________, making it easier to travel abroad. A．take up B．give up C．clean up D．open up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大连金洲湾国际机场即将开放，出国旅行将更加便利。 考查动词短语。take up占据；give up放弃；clean up清理；open up开放。根据“Dalian Jinzhouwan International Airport will soon …, making it easier to travel abroad.”可知，此处是指机场即将开放。故选D。 36．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Your father will get angry if you don’t tell him the truth. His patience will ________. A．run out B．work out C．put out D．break out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你不告诉他真相，你爸爸会生气的。他的耐心将会耗尽。 考查动词短语。run out耗尽；work out解决；put out熄灭；break out爆发。根据“will get angry”可知，会生气，应是耐心耗尽，A项符合。故选A。 37．（2025·江苏常州·三模）The old Changzhou Library has been ________ a new cultural center. A．turned up B．turned out C．turned on D．turned into 【答案】D 【详解】句意：旧的常州图书馆已经被改造成一个新的文化中心。 考查动词短语辨析。turned up调高（音量等 ），出现；turned out结果是，生产；turned on打开（电器等 ）；turned into变成，改造成。“旧图书馆”变为“新文化中心”，“turned into”符合语境，故选D。 38．（2025·江苏泰州·三模）Weight management plays an important role in our health. That’s why our government needs to ________ a three-year action plan for public weight management. A．carry on B．carry out C．take on D．take out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：体重管理对我们的健康很重要，因此政府需要实施一项为期三年的公众体重管理行动计划。 考查动词短语辨析。carry on继续；carry out执行；take on承担；take out取出。 根据句意，政府需“实施”计划，强调行动落实。故选B。 39．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）The firefighters succeeded in ________ the burning house to save the little girl out. A．setting off B．turning down C．breaking into D．making up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：消防队员成功地闯进了着火的房子，把小女孩救了出来。 考查动词短语。setting off出发；turning down拒绝，调低；breaking into闯入；making up编造，化妆。根据“The firefighters succeeded in ... the burning house to save the little girl out.”可知，消防员闯入着火的房子把小女孩救了出来。故选C。 40．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village ________ scenes of my childhood. A．called up B．made up C．opened up D．cleaned up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我是在山脚下的一个小镇上长大的，所以游览这个村庄使我想起了童年的情景。 考查动词短语。call up使想起；make up编造；open up打开；clean up清理。根据“the visit to the village ... scenes of my childhood.”可知，游览这个村庄使我想起了童年的情景。故选A。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司20 / 35 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 动词及动词短语、情态动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词及动词短语 考点二 情态动词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 动词核心围绕“词义语境辨析”（如take/bring/carry、look/see/watch、say/speak/talk/tell等）、“动词短语固定搭配”（如turn on/off、put up/down、give up/away、take place/happen等）、“动词词性转换”（动词变名词、形容词），其中“动词短语搭配”和“近义动词辨析”是近三年命题重点，占比约70%，且多结合语境考查，如2025年南京、苏州中考均侧重动词短语。 2. 情态动词can，may，should，would，have to、must及其否定的用法等是高频考点。 热考角度 近年（2025年~2023年）考点示例 1. （2025年 南京中考 单项选择第10题）— Please ______ the light when you leave the room. — OK, I will. (A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down) 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析；结合后句“离开房间时”，可知此处指“关灯”，turn off（关闭）符合语境；turn on（打开）、turn up（调大）、turn down（调小）均不符合。 2. （2024年 苏州中考 完形填空第42题）The teacher asked us to ______ our hands if we had any questions. (A. put up B. put down C. put away D. put off) 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析；结合语境“如果有问题，就举手”，put up one’s hand（举手）为固定搭配，符合语境；put down（放下）、put away（收好）、put off（推迟）均不符合。 3. （2025年 无锡中考 单项选择第6题）— Where is Lucy? I can’t find her. — She ______ be in the library. She often reads books there after school. (A. must B. may C. can’t D. should) 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词表推测；结合后句“她放学后经常在图书馆看书”，可知此处是“可能”在图书馆，语气不确定，may表示“可能”，符合语境；must（一定，语气肯定）、can’t（不可能）、should（应该）均不符合。 命题预测 1. 题干语境丰富，多为完整句子或简短段落，侧重“动词/动词短语在语境中的正确运用”，需牢记固定搭配，同时区分近义动词的用法差异，避免混淆。 2. 情态动词核心考查重点是“情态动词表推测”（must一定、may可能、can’t不可能）。多为交际对话，侧重“根据语境判断情态动词的含义”，避免单纯考查语法规则，需结合对话语气、上下文判断推测程度或请求/建议的语气。 考点一 动词及动词短语 1．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）You’re welcome! ________ you good luck! A．Give B．Make C．Hope D．Wish 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）And I ________ you should try the colour therapy. Colours have amazing power. A．support B．suggest C．imagine D．introduce 3．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Zhu Yangzhu was ________ with the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2023. —Congratulations! He is the pride of Peixian, Xuzhou. A．presented B．provided C．prepared D．promised 4．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）New types of energy from the sun, wind and water ________ little pollution and will never run out. A．burn B．recycle C．separate D．produce 5．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）I want to be a doctor like my parents. They really ________ their patients. A．hear about B．talk about C．care about D．dream about 6．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）To have more classrooms, we’re ________ a new teaching building. A．putting up B．putting out C．putting in D．putting down 7．（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）Come on, Alice. Don’t be so hard on yourself. Everyone makes mistakes. We have to ________ ourselves sometimes and keep a sense of humour! A．believe in B．look after C．depend on D．laugh at 8．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）In yesterday’s maths lesson, our group ______ the problem after a discussion. A．cut out B．worked out C．put out D．handed out 9．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Stress comes and goes. Sometimes you just need to ________. A．sit down B．fall down C．calm down D．come down 10．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）Our class went on a camping trip last Sunday. We ________ our tent near a lake. A．put up B．made up C．took up D．woke up 1 实义动词（Notional Verbs） 定义：有实际意义，能独立作谓语的动词。 类型 特点 例句 及物动词 必须带宾语 I love music.（我爱音乐。） She bought a book.（她买了一本书。） 不及物动词 不带宾语 He smiled.（他笑了。） The sun rises.（太阳升起。） 兼作动词 既可及物也可不及物 He runs every day.（他每天跑步。→不及物） He runs a company.（他经营一家公司。→及物） 2 助动词（Auxiliary Verbs） 定义：帮助实义动词构成时态、语态、否定、疑问等。 助动词 功能 be (am/is/are/was/were) 构成进行时/被动语态 have (has/had) 构成完成时 do (does/did) 构成疑问/否定/强调 will/shall 构成将来时 3 连系动词（Linking Verbs） 定义：连接主语和表语，说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 类型 常见动词 例句 be动词 am, is, are, was, were She is a teacher. （她是老师。） 感官动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel The food smells delicious. （食物闻起来很香。） 变化动词 become, get, turn, grow, go The leaves turn yellow in autumn. （树叶在秋天变黄。） 状态动词 seem, appear, keep, stay, remain He seems happy. （他似乎很快乐。） 1. 实义动词 · 及物动词：后必须接宾语 I love English. · 不及物动词：后不直接接宾语，要加介词 listen to music；look at the blackboard 2. 助动词 · do/does/did：帮助构成否定、疑问 He doesn’t like apples. · have/has/had：帮助构成完成时态 I have finished my homework. · will/shall：帮助构成将来时 I will go to Beijing tomorrow. 3. 动词短语（中考必考点） · put：put on 穿上；put up 张贴；put off 推迟；put away 收好 · turn：turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 调大；turn down 调小 · give：give up 放弃；give away 捐赠；give out 分发 · take：take care of 照顾；take off 脱下 / 起飞；take up 占据 · look：look after 照顾；look for 寻找；look up 查阅；look forward to 期待 解题技巧： 看宾语、看语境、记固定搭配，不按字面意思翻译。 1．Our English teacher often tells us to ________ our vocabulary by reading more books. A．divide B．spread C．increase D．reduce 2．The special style ________ the beginning of a new kind of travel program. A．marks B．manages C．matches D．mixes 3．—I’d like to travel to Anhui. —Yellow Mountain is a place of interest. You can’t ________ it. A．miss B．reach C．change D．follow 4．—Jack, I hear you are going to spend the Spring Festival abroad. —I did consider it, but I have ________ the plan. Staying with family means more to me. A．confirmed B．connected C．controlled D．cancelled 5．Please ________ yourself well at the party and don’t be too shy to talk with others. A．knock B．behave C．reflect D．perform 6．Grace helped a kid find his mother, so Mr. Green ________ her in front of the whole class. A．praised B．supported C．trusted D．mentioned 7．—It’s reported that many wild animals are in danger. We should ________ immediate action to protect them. —I totally agree with you. A．put B．take C．make D．carry 8．The software collects a large amount of your information. As a result, all of your online habits can be ________. A．recorded B．required C．reported D．reminded 9．—I studied hard the night before the exam, doing practice tests, but I still ________ in the English exam. —It’s no use trying to prepare at the last minute. A．rose B．appeared C．failed D．succeeded 10．—Why do you love your mother so much? —Because she always gives me a hug and ________ me up when I hurt myself. A．lifts B．wakes C．gives D．takes 11．—Mr. Wu, I get angry easily when my parents disagree with me. —Please try to ________ yourself and learn to put yourself in their shoes. A．consider B．confirm C．control D．contact 12．All my family members think people should ________ doctors and nurses for their contribution (贡献)。 A．praise B．perform C．exchange D．behave 13．Because of the bad weather, the plane ________ on the ground. A．remained B．shone C．cleared D．lay 14．My grandparents ________ a farm where they grow vegetables and raise chickens. And they usually sell the vegetables and chicken for money. A．run B．build C．design D．discover 15．The main purpose of this activity is to ______ young people about environmental protection. A．educate B．support C．prevent D．connect 16．—This math problem is so hard! —Yes, solving it ______ great effort. Let’s work on it together. A．repeats B．requires C．receives D．reports 17．This morning I saw the young lady ________ an old man her own seat on the bus. A．afford B．provide C．offer 18．—Why are there so many people wearing masks in the street? —Because the flu (流感) is starting to ________ quickly among people. A．spread B．grow C．carry D．send 19．—What’s the name of this tea? It tastes delicious. —It’s Houkui, a kind of green tea. It is in the south of Anhui. A．punished B．prepared C．polluted D．produced 20．—My drone (无人机) was suddenly out of control and fell down. It seems something is wrong. —Let me ______ it carefully to see if any part is broken. A．examine B．manage C．knock D．judge 21．You must ________ your dream no matter what difficulties you meet with. Success belongs to those who won’t stop half way. A．pay for B．depend on C．call in D．stick to 22．—Ben, I haven’t seen you for a long time and I miss you so much! —Just ________ when you’re free. A．take off B．drop by C．talk back D．pass by 23．It’s fine to take part in some social activities. But don’t let them ________ your schoolwork. A．kick off B．get in the way of C．look up to D．bring back 24．It ________ a large area with red walls and golden roofs. A．opens up B．stays up C．puts up D．takes up 25．Stop scrolling on your mobile phone. It ________ too much of your time. A．takes up B．takes off C．takes back D．takes down 26．—When will you ________ for the winter camp in Huangshan? —We plan to leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning to avoid the heavy traffic. A．set out B．put out C．give out D．work out 27．—Daniel, your elder sister looks so unhappy today. What’s up? —Our school has ________ the spring outing as a result of the bad weather. A．joined in B．heard about C．called off D．taken up 28．A serious fire ________ in Hong Kong on the afternoon of November 26, 2025 and the fire has caused 159 deaths. A．broke out B．broke off C．broke up D．broke down 29．—I feel a bit nervous about the upcoming interview. Any advice? —Just be yourself. The interviewers want to see the real you, so there’s no need to ________ stories. A．make up B．give up C．take up D．clean up 30．After the blackboard is full of writing, please ________ the old words before writing new ones. A．go off B．put up C．clean off D．clean up 31．We must ________ all the litter we produce when we go hiking. A．put away B．give away C．go away D．take away 32．If there’s nobody at home for a long time, you’d better ________ the electricity and water. A．shut off B．clean off C．put off D．take off 33．At the beginning, there might be some difficulties, but things will ______ well in the end. A．lay out B．turn out C．give up D．give away 34．—I’m sorry, Mum. I didn’t win first prize in the running race. —It doesn’t matter. I know you’ve done your best. I ________ you. A．take care of B．worry about C．take pride in D．take after 35．I thought paper-cutting was difficult, but it _________ to be very easy after I practise a lot. A．runs out B．breaks out C．looks out D．turns out 36．Our plane will ________ in less than five minutes. We must be quick! A．take on B．take off C．take up D．take away 37．With full preparation, our dreams will ________ like an airplane at last. A．put off B．take off C．shut off D．clean off 38．Jazz was first created by African Americans. Musicians usually ________ the music while playing. A．set up B．put up C．look up D．make up 39．Teamwork is very important, so we need to ________ when we do something in groups. A．pull down B．pull together C．put down D．put together 40．Parents should tell their children some online safety rules to ________ online risks. A．go over B．break into C．guard against D．make up 考点二 情态动词 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）It is a rule that passengers ________ smoke in the high-speed railway. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, Julie. I’ve had a problem recently. ________ you help me? A．Can B．Must C．Should D．May 3．（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）—Lily, how is Daniel’s plan for our class trip going on? —I’m not sure. It ________ be completed. I saw him working on it this morning. A．may not B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 4．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—________ you teach me to play basketball, Simon? —Sure. Let’s go! A．Shall B．Can C．Might D．Need 5．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）It’s true that robots ______ do a lot of things, such as telling stories, doing kung fu and so on. A．may B．must C．can D．might 6．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Will you be able to finish the work in time? —I ________ promise anything, but I’ll do my best. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 7．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）It’s so noisy that I ________ hear a word of what you are saying. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 8．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）From April 8, pet owners in China ________ bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains. A．must B．should C．can D．need 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom? —No, you ________. You can use any colour you like, A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 10．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy? — No problem. A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need 情态动词 基本用法 例句 can/ could 1、表示能力，可译为“能，会”。 2、表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 3、表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 4、can’t... too… /can’t… enough 再…也不为过。 The cinema can seat 1,000 people.  Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo? How can you be so careless?  You can’t be too careful when driving. may/ might 在口语中可用can, could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示口气比较婉转。 1、表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。 2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you? May you succeed! must/ have to 1、must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务，强调主观看法，可译为“必须，应该”。 2、have to表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。 3、mustn’t表示“禁止”；don’t have to意思是“没有必要”= don’t need to。 4、must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事，可译为“必然会，总是会”。 5、must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。 Everyone must obey the rule.  My eyesight is very poor. I have to wear glasses for reading. You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone. You don’t have to tell me the secret. Truth must be out. When I was taking a nap, a student must knock at the door.  must 肯定回答：Yes, ...must. 否定回答：No,...needn’t / don’t have to. shall 1、表示征询意见或请求指示，用于一、三人称疑问句。 2、表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁、决心”等意思，用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 3、表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该”。 Shall they wait outside?  He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （警告） Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.（决心） The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides. should 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（某件事宜于做）。 2、常与what, how, why等词连用，表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 3、表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测，可译为“可能、照说应该”。 4、表惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等，意为“竟然”。 One shouldn’t be selfish. How should I know? He should be taking a bath now. It’s a pity that you should be so careless. ought to 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务而该做），口气比should稍重。 2、表示推测，暗含很大的可能，可译为“应该是，会是”。 We ought to defend our country. Prices ought to come down soon. will 1、表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。 2、表请求，用于疑问句。 3、表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 I will do anything for you. Will you close the window? It’s a bit  cold.  The door won’t open. would 1、表意愿。 2、表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 3、表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。  They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.  Would you like another glass of beer?  Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.  used to 1、表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况，但现在已不存在。 2、否定：usedn’t to/didn’t use to。 区别： used to表示过去习惯动作或状态，强调“现已无此习惯了”，而would只表示过去的习惯动作，与现在无关，往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。 He used to drink tea but now he drinks coffee. I usedn’t to go there./ I didn’t use to go there. Did you use to/Used you to go to the same school as your brother? We used to play hide-and-seek in the fields.  Whenever we were in the country, we would play hide-and-seek in the fields. need 1、作情态动词： need表示“需要”或“必须”，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用 must，have to，ought to，或 should代替。 否定：needn’t do 2、作实义动词： 后面接不定式（to do），有人称、数和时态的变化。 肯定：need to do 否定：don’t need to do You needn’t come so early. He needs to finish it this evening. He doesn’t need to finish it this evening. dare 1、作情态动词： 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用于肯定句。 2、作实义动词： 在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带 to的不定式；而在否定和疑问句中，dare后面的不定式可以不带to。 肯定：dare to do 否定：don’t dare (to) do —He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? —Yes, he dare./No, he daren’t. How dare you say I’m unfair? If you dare come here, I will come to meet you. 1. 基本用法 · can：能、会；可能 I can swim. · may：可以；可能 May I come in? · must：必须；一定（表推测） You must finish your homework. · should：应该 We should help others. · need：需要（情态动词 + 动词原形；实义动词 + to do） 2. 否定形式 · can’t：不能；不可能 · mustn’t：禁止，不准 · needn’t：不必 · shouldn’t：不应该 3. 高频考点 · Must I…? 肯定：Yes, you must. 否定：No, you needn’t / don’t have to. · can’t 表推测：不可能 He can’t be at home. 1．—I wonder if these are Jim’s glasses. —They ________ be his. He doesn’t wear glasses. A．could B．mustn’t C．should D．can’t 2．Jane ________ be in the teacher’s office. I saw her playing on the playground just now. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shall not 3．Visitors ________ pick mushrooms alone in Yunnan. It’s dangerous. A．might B．mightn’t C．must D．mustn’t 4．—Must I clean the room right now? —No, you ________. We’ll do it together later. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 5．—Is that Alex running on the playground? —It ________ be him. He is always in the library at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 6．Miss Huo said, “You ________ never be too patient when getting along with pets.” A．must B．should C．can D．may 7．—Is that man Mr. Smith? —It ______ be him. He has gone to Hong Kong on business. A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 8．You _________worry much about your son. He is already able to look after himself. A．won’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 9．—Ms. Li, must we hand in the book report today? —No, you ________. Just make sure you give it to me before Friday. A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 10．There are enough apples and bananas at home. You _______ buy any fruit. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need D．need to 11．With the online ticket booking app, we ________ wait in long lines to buy train tickets. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．had better not D．needn’t 12．— Must I hand in my homework today? — No, you ________. You can give it to me tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t 13．We’ve already booked the train tickets. You ________ worry about getting seats any more. A．needn’t B．can’t C．may not D．mustn’t 14．—Look! The man at the gate ________ be our English teacher. He is always standing there every morning. —It ________ be him. I saw him having breakfast in the dining hall just now. A．must; mustn’t B．must; can’t C．can’t; can’t D．can’t; mustn’t 15．You ______ take an umbrella. It’s going to rain. A．had better B．would rather C．have to D．must 16．You ________ take down everything the teacher says. Just get the main points. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．won’t 17．When we go to a restaurant, we ________ order less food to prevent waste of food. A．should B．may C．have to D．must 18．You ________ walk on the grass in the park. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．don’t have to 19．You had better ________ too many questions at one time. A．not ask B．don't ask C．not to ask D．not asking 20．The person in the classroom ________ be your teacher! He is away on a business trip. A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 1．（2025·江苏南京·三模）Put on your gloves! Snow is very cold and it can ________ your hands. A．hurt B．wash C．warm D．protect 2．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—What’s today’s talk about?   —How to ________ our students from accidents. A．protect B．prevent C．provide D．prepare 3．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly ________. A．recommended B．challenged C．translated D．influenced 4．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）You can’t ________ what the highway roads used to be like. How romantic they are now with a sea of flowers along! A．discover B．expect C．suggest D．imagine 5．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）With rich English speech experience, Jenny ________ to get the chance to host the English Corner activity. A．failed B．afforded C．happened D．managed 6．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）—Although she was feeling down, she ________ a weak smile. —She was always caring about others’ feelings. A．noticed B．received C．managed D．suggested 7．（2025·江苏泰州·三模）Yang Yu, known by his nickname “Jiaozi”, has________ the world with his animated movie Ne Zha. A．expressed B．impressed C．succeeded D．suggested 8．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）—I don’t know where to go during the coming holiday. —Why not ______ visiting Xuzhou? There are many places of interest. A．regard B．consider C．risk D．suggest 9．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Before visiting a foreign country, you’d better ________ what the local people usually do, so you will know the country better. A．check B．doubt C．practise D．decide 10．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）As soon as the children arrived, they ______ their blankets on the grass and started a picnic. A．laid B．spread C．stuck D．swept 11．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）World Glacier (冰川) Day is set to _________ people to work together to save glaciers in danger. A．explain B．describe C．remind D．introduce 12．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Father’s Day is coming. Maybe we ________ buy Dad presents. We can do some housework, instead. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 13．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）To protect the environment, many teenagers ______ the “Clean Coast” activity last weekend. A．attended B．joined C．took part in D．held 14．（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）Jane’s father didn’t come to the party though he had ________ to. Jane was so sad. A．invited B．told C．allowed D．promised 15．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）The exciting performance of Yingge dance at the 2025 Spring Festival Gala _______ many people. A．praised B．impressed C．admired D．respected 16．（2025·安徽淮北·模拟预测）The rapid development of our country ________ strong scientific and technological support. A．admires B．manages C．remains D．requires 17．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）The environment ________ a child’s personality and quality. We all know Mencius’s mother moved house three times. A．represents B．records C．shapes D．marks 18．（2025·江苏扬州·二模）Some officers have turned into live streamers (网络主播) to help ________ product sales. A．support B．provide C．afford D．improve 19．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—How’s the view of Nanchang Street along the Grand Canal (大运河)? —Fantastic! The scene ________ as rich as ever, with lanterns filling the streets. A．remains B．returns C．requires D．reviews 20．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）Believe it or not! A cow can ______ nearly 200,000 glasses of milk in a lifetime. A．produce B．prepare C．protect D．prevent 21．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—Samuel, which club will you choose? —Uh... I ________ choose the dancing club. I have to ask Miss Li for advice and then decide. A．may B．must C．can D．should 22．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）—Kimmy, never throw any object from the building. —OK. I know even a small object ________ cause serious injuries or death when dropped from a great height. A．should B．must C．may D．need 23．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The film The Dumpling Queen is excellent and you ________ praise it too much. A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 24．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）You ________ travel around the world if you save money and plan your trips wisely. A．must B．can C．need D．should 25．（2025·江苏南京·二模）—Are we allowed to take photos in Dunhuang Museum? —No, you ________. It does much harm to the artworks over time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 26．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Jogging ______ be a bit boring sometimes, but it’s a great way to start a day. A．must B．may C．can’t D．shouldn’t 27．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）To avoid risks, students ______ share personal information online. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t 28．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—The weather report says there ________ be a big sandstorm tomorrow. —Then we ________ cancel the outdoor activities and stay indoors. A．can; would B．must; need C．might; should D．should; could 29．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）—Who is knocking at the door? —It ________ be a delivery (递送) man. I ordered some food online just now. A．can B．may C．must D．should 30．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—All of us _________ wear helmets when riding e-bikes. —Exactly! Safety comes first. A．need B．must C．may D．can 31．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）—Would you like to attend my party tonight? —Sorry, my parents don’t allow me to at night. A．bring back B．look after C．take up D．stay out 32．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）He is charged with theft because he _________ others’ houses last week. A．broke up B．broke into C．broke down D．broke out 33．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）—What did your Chinese teacher say just now? —She asked us to ________ a story with all the key words on the blackboard. A．give up B．turn up C．make up D．get up 34．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）A survey about teenagers’ reading habits was ________ here last week. A．taken out B．turned out C．worked out D．carried out 35．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）Dalian Jinzhouwan International Airport will soon ________, making it easier to travel abroad. A．take up B．give up C．clean up D．open up 36．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）Your father will get angry if you don’t tell him the truth. His patience will ________. A．run out B．work out C．put out D．break out 37．（2025·江苏常州·三模）The old Changzhou Library has been ________ a new cultural center. A．turned up B．turned out C．turned on D．turned into 38．（2025·江苏泰州·三模）Weight management plays an important role in our health. That’s why our government needs to ________ a three-year action plan for public weight management. A．carry on B．carry out C．take on D．take out 39．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）The firefighters succeeded in ________ the burning house to save the little girl out. A．setting off B．turning down C．breaking into D．making up 40．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village ________ scenes of my childhood. A．called up B．made up C．opened up D．cleaned up 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $