Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 二-2025-2026学年高中英语固定搭配精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world 科学家专题 【Unit4】Scientists who changed the world 固定搭配精讲 全部单元单词 conduct/kan'dktt.&vi.组by accident偶然，意外地 metal/metl/n.金属 织，实施；指挥；引导：举止intelligent/m'teld3nt/adj.有才charge /tfa:dt.&vi.充电：收 illustrate'astreIt/v.说明，解智的，聪明的：有智力的 费：控告：谴责：使…承担责任： 释：加图于 favour /'ferva(r)/(AmE favor)vt. 使充满：n.收费；控告：谴责： *penicillin /.penI'sIlm/n. 青霉较喜欢；偏祖：有助于；n.帮掌管 素，盘尼西林 助，好事；赞同；偏祖 electric'lektrik/adj.电的，发 *mould /mavld/(AmE mold)n.politician/ppl'tm/n.政治家，电的，电动的 霉菌：模具；类型：t.浇铸，塑从政者：投机钻营者 *bang/ba1)/h.突然的巨响；猛 造 *lightning/'lartnn/h.闪电 敲，猛击：i.&t.砸；砰地关 *bacteria /baek'traria/n.(sing. electricity/lek'trisati/n.电，电上：猛撞；碰撞 bacterium)细菌 能 vith a bang很成功：引人注目， surround/sa'raond/t.围绕，环theory/'0rin.学说，论；原理；有强烈影响 绕：包围：与…紧密相关 看法，意见 standout/'staendaut/adj.突出的； indicate/'ndikeit/vt.表明；暗 thunder storm /'θndasto:m/m.n.突出的人（或物） 示：提及：指出 雷雨，雷暴 *atomic /a'tomk/adj.原子能的： accident/'aeksIdant/n.意外，偶*ribbon/'rban/n.带子，丝带；原子的 然的事：事故，意外遭遇 带状物 固定及常见搭配 1.conduct /kan'dktt.&vi.组织，实施：指挥：引导：举止 核心搭配： conduct an experiment做实验 conduct a survey进行调查 conduct oneself well举止得体 精讲： conduct作动词时，搭配宾语多为“活动、调查、实验”等，强调“有计划地执行”；作“举止” 讲时，需与反身代词连用。 例句： 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world The scientist conducted a series of experiments to test the theory. 真题链接： The manager decided to a meeting to discuss the new plan.(答案：conduct) 2.illustrate/'lastrert/t.说明，解释：加图于 核心搭配： illustrate sth.with examples用例子说明某事 illustrate a book给书配图 精讲： illustrate后接具体事物，常用with引出“说明的方式”（如图表、例子）。 例句： The teacher illustrated the grammar rule with several sentences 真题链接： The report the problem with some statistical charts.(答案：illustrated) 3.indicate/'ndikert/.t.表明；暗示；提及；指出 核心搭配： indicate sth.tosb.向某人指出某事 indicate that..表明…（后接从句) indicate a change显示变化 精讲： indicate强调“通过信号、迹象或言语明确指出”，主语可为人或事物（如数据、现象）。 例句： The survey indicates that most students prefer online learning. 真题链接： The red light that the machine is overheating.(答案：indicates) 4.favour/'ferva(/(AmE favor)t.较喜欢；偏祖；有助于：n.帮助，好事：赞同：偏祖 核心搭配： dosb.a favour帮某人一个忙 in favour of支持；赞成 favour sth.over sth.比起…更喜欢… 精讲： 作名词时，dosb.a favour为固定短语；作动词表示“偏祖”时，后接人或事物。 例句： Could you do me a favour and pass the book? 真题链接： Most members are favour of the new policy.(答案：in) 5.charge /tfa:d3/t.&vi.充电：收费；控告；谴责；使…承担责任；使充满；n.收费：控告：谴 责：掌管 2 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world 核心搭配： charge sb.for sth.因某事向某人收费 charge a battery给电池充电 in charge of负责… take charge of接管；负责 精讲： charge作“收费”讲时，常用charge sb.+金额+for sth.;作“负责”讲时，in charge of表状态， take charge of表动作。 例句： The hotel charges 200 yuan for a single room per night 真题链接： Who is charge of the school library?(答案：in) 6.heoy/'0 Ieri/n.学说，论：原理：看法，意见 核心搭配： theory of evolution进化论 in theory在理论上 put forward a theory提出理论 精讲： theory为可数名词，常与“提出、验证、应用”等动词搭配，in theory与in practice(在实践中) 相对。 例句： Einstein put forward the theory of relativity. 真题链接： theory,this method should work,but we need to test it.(答案：In) 7.surround/sa'raund/t.围绕，环绕：包围：与…紧密相关 核心搭配： be surrounded by/with被…环绕/包围 surround oneself with sb.]sth.使自己身边常有… 精讲： surround为及物动词，常用被动语态be surrounded by/with,强调“被某物从四面八方包围”。 例句： The village is surrounded by green mountains. 真题链接： The house by tall trees looks very beautiful..(答案：surrounded) 8.accident/'eksidant/n.意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇 核心搭配： by accident偶然；意外地 have an accident发生事故 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world traffic accident交通事故 精讲： by accident为固定短语，相当于accidentally;accident表示“事故”时，常与have、cause等动 词搭配。 例句： I met my old friend by accident in the supermarket. 真题链接： He broke his leg in a car last week.(答案：accident) 9.stand out/'staendaut/adj.突出的：n.突出的人（或物） 核心搭配： stand out from.从…中突出 a standout student优秀学生 精讲： 作形容词时，仅用于名词前作定语：作动词短语stand out时，后接from表示“从…中脱颖而 出”。 例句： Her red dress made her stand out from the crowd. 真题链接： She is a in the field of physics.(答案：standout) l0.electric'lektrik/adj.电的，发电的，电动的 核心搭配： electric car电动汽车 electric light电灯 electric power电力 精讲： electric强调“由电驱动的”，修饰具体电器或设备，区别于electrical(强调“与电相关的”，如 理论、工程)。 例句： More and more people choose to drive electric cars to reduce pollution. 真题链接： This factory produces appliances,such as refrigerators and washing machines.(electric) 11.with a bang很成功：引人注目，有强烈影响 核心搭配： start with a bang开局成功 end with a bang圆满结束 精讲： with a bang为固定短语，作状语，强调“效果显著、场面热烈”，无被动形式。 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world 例句： The party ended with a bang with a firework show. 真题链接： The new product was launched a bang,.attracting thousands of customers.(答案：with) 12.by accident偶然，意外地 核心搭配： find sth.by accident偶然发现某物 happen by accident偶然发生 精讲： by accident为介词短语，在句中作状语，相当于by chance,不可用于句首。 例句： The discovery of penicillin was made by accident. 真题链接： I didn't mean to break the cup-it happened accident..(答案：by) 13.charge.∫ad3(补充搭配) 核心搭配： charge sb.with sth.控告某人某事 be charged with murder被指控谋杀 精讲： charge作“控告”讲时，需用charge sb.with sth.结构，被动语态为be charged with。 例句： The police charged him with stealing a car. 真题链接： The suspect was with robbery last night.(答案：charged) 14.heoy/0Iari(补充搭配) 核心搭配： test a theory验证理论 apply a theory to practice把理论应用于实践 精讲： theory常与“验证、支持、应用”等动词搭配，强调理论与实践的结合。 例句 Scientists are working to test the new theory. 真题链接： It's important to apply scientific to real-life problems.(theories) 综合训练 5 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world 综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.The research team plans to a series of experiments to test the new drug. ·A.conduct ·B.illustrate ·C.indicate ·D.favour 2.The teacher used a map to the history of ancient trade routes to the students. ·A.conduct ·B.illustrate ·C.indicate ·D.charge 3.The latest data that the company's profits will increase by 20%next year. ·A.surrounds ·B.indicates ·C.charges ·D.stands out 4.Most people are favour of reducing plastic use to protect the environment. ·A.on 6 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world ·B.in ·C.at ·D.with 5.The hotel 300 yuan for a double room per night during the holiday season. ·A.charges ·B.conducts ·C.illustrates ·D.connects 6.The small village is by mountains and rivers,making it a popular tourist spot. ·A.indicated ·B.favoured ·C.surrounded ·D.charged 7.He discovered the hidden cave while hiking in the mountains last summer. ·A.with a bang ·B.in theory ·C.by accident ·D.in charge 8.The new smartphone model was launched a bang,with long queues outside stores 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world ·A.with ·B.by ·c.in ·D.on 9.The suspect was with theft after the police found stolen goods in his home. ·A.charged ·B.conducted ·C.illustrated ·D.indicated 10.Her excellent performance in the competition made her from other participants. ·A.standout ·B.stand out ·C.surround ·D.favour 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Could you (帮我一个忙)and pick up my package from the post office? 2.The company decided to (进行调查)to find out customers'opinions on the new product. 3.The red traffic light (表明)that drivers must stop immediately. 4.My father prefers tea (比起…更喜欢…)coffee because he thinks it's healthier. 5.The laboratory is equipped with various_ (电s动的)devices for scientific research. 8 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world 6.We need to (验证理论)through experiments before applying it to practice.. 7.The music festival (圆满结束)with a spectacular fireworks display.. 8.The manager asked John to_ (the project and ensure it is completed on time. 三、首字母填空 1.Ins we need to collect data from at least 500 participants to ensure accuracy. 2.The company's new policy f online sales over traditional retail stores. 3.The book is i with many colorful pictures to help children understand the story. 4.The signpost i the direction to the nearest hospital,which is 2 kilometers away. 5.Don't touch the wire when it's c it might cause an electric shock 6.She is as student in our class,always getting the highest scores in exams. 7.The accident happened b accident when the driver lost control of the car. &.The professor p」 forward a new theory about black holes at the conference. 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The scientist spent three years (conduct)research on climate change. 2.The report (illustrate)the problem with detailed statistics and charts last month. 3.Most parents are in favour of(electric)cars because they are more environmentally friendly. 4.The survey indicates that many students have difficulty(connect)theory with practice. 5.The police charged the man with (steal)a valuable painting from the museum. 6.In theory,this method(work),but we need to test it in real situations. 7.The company's success is due to its ability to (favour)innovation over tradition 8.She was surprised to find that her lost necklace was returned by accident (safe). 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B3B4.B5.A6.C7.C8.A9.A10B 9 高中必修第三册译林版 【Unit4】 Scientists who changed the world IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.do me a favour 2.conduct a survey 3.indicates 4.over 5.electric 6.test the theory 7.ended with a bang 8.take charge of I首字母填空 1.survey 2.favours 3.illustrated 4.indicates 5.charged 6.standout 7.by 8.put V.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.conducting 2.illustrated 3.electric 4.connecting 5.stealing 6.works 7.favour 8.safely 10