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高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
固定搭配精讲
【Unit 1】Nature in the balance
单元词汇与训练
全部单元单词
harm /ha:m/n.&t.伤害,损害species/'spi:izn.(pl.
species)
硬树(阔叶树的木材)
soil/soln.土壤:国土,领土,种,物种
living'Iv/adj.活着的,活的:
土地
nut /nAt/n.坚果:brazil nut巴西在使用的;n.生计,谋生;生活
ecosystem/i:kausIstam/n.生态坚果
方式
系统
lily/'lli/n.百合(花):water lily mammal/'meml/n.哺乳动物
overseas/,ouva'si:z/adj.海外的,睡莲
jaguar/'d3 egju3()rm.美洲豹,
国外的:adv.在海外,向国外variety /va'rarati/n.不同种类:美洲虎
region/ri:d3an/m.地区,区域:变化,多样性;变种,变体
survive/sa'vaiv/vi.生存,存活:
行政区
wildlife/'warldlarf/n.野生动植t.幸存,幸免于难
continent/'kpntinant/n.大陆,陆物,野生生物
frog /frog/n.蛙,青蛙
地,洲
beneath /bI'ni:θ/prep.在…下面,in turn相应地,转而
million/mjn/num.一百万;许在…下方;配不上
insect/nsekt/h.昆虫
多,大量
mass /maes/h.大量;团,块,堆;microorganism/,maikra':gnz3m/h,
length /le)h.长,长度:时间一大群;adj.大批的,广泛的微生物
的长短:篇幅;(电影)片长
tower'ing /'taoar四/adj.高大的,break down使分解(为),使变化
biodiversity/bareudar'v3sati/n.高耸的:出色的
(成)
生物多样性
hardwood/'ha:dwd/n.阔叶树:
固定及常见搭配
1.harm /ha:m/m.&t.伤害,损害
核心搭配:
do harm to sb./sth.对…造成伤害
cause harm造成损害
prevent harm防止伤害
精讲:
harm作名词时常用搭配”do harm to'”,作动词时直接接宾语,强调对人或事物的实质性损害。
例句:
Pollution can do great harm to the environment.
高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
真题链接:
Smoking will harm to your health.(答案:do)
2.
survive/s'varv/vi.生存,存活;t.幸存,幸免于难
核心搭配:
urvive on sth.靠…生存
survive from..从…存活下来
survive an accident从事故中幸存
精讲:
urvive作不及物动词时需加介词on,表示“依靠某种资源生存”;作及物动词时直接接宾语,强
调“经历灾难后存活”。
例句:
Some animals can survive on very little water in the desert.
真题链接:
The little girl was the only one who_the earthquake.(答案:survived)
3.variety /v'rarati/m.不同种类:变化,多样性
核心搭配:
a variety of各种各样的
variety of sth.…的多样性
精讲:
a variety of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,相当于various,强调种类繁多。
例句:
This area has a variety of plants and animals
真题链接:
There are a_of books in our school library.(答案:variety)
4.mass /maes/n.大量;团,块,堆:adj.大批的,广泛的
核心搭配:
a mass of大量的
masses of大量的(非正式)
mass production大规模生产
精讲:
a mass of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词与mass的单复数一致(a mass用
单数,masses用复数)。
例句:
A mass of tourists visited the park during the holiday.
真题链接:
There are_of stars in the sky at night..(答案:masses)
5.
break down使分解(为),使变化(成)
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高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
核心搭配:
break down into分解成…
break down(机器)出故障:(身体)垮掉
精讲:
该短语作“分解”讲时,宾语通常为物质或抽象事物,后接介词ito:作“出故障”讲时主语多
为机器或人。
例句:
Food is broken down into energy in our body
真题链接:
The machine
because of overuse.
(答案:broke down)
6.inun相应地,转而
核心搭配:
A affects B,and B in turn affects C A影响B,B转而影响C
take turns to do sth.轮流做某事(近义短语)
精讲:
ntu强调“按顺序、依次”或“作为结果反过来”,常用于描述连锁反应。
例句:
Plants provide food for animals,and animals in turn help plants reproduce
真题链接:
We need to protect the environment,andit will protect us.(in turn)
7.species/'spi:∫i:zh.(pl.species)种,物种
核心搭配:
endangered species濒危物种
a species of一种…
protect species保护物种
精讲:
species单复数同形,常用搭配“endangered species'”为环保主题高频短语。
例句:
Pandas are an endangered species in China
真题链接:
We should take action to protect rare_.(答案:species)
8.living/'lvm/adj.活着的,活的:n.生计,谋生
核心搭配:
living things生物
make a living谋生
living environment生存环境
精讲:
living作形容词时强调“正在活着的”,区别于alive(常作表语);作名词时常用搭配“make a
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高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
living”表示“谋生方式”。
例句:
All living things need water and air to survive.
真题链接:
His father makes a by fishing.
(答案:living)
9.ecosystem/'i:kausIstam/n.生态系统
核心搭配:
balance of ecosystem生态系统平衡
protect the ecosystem保护生态系统
destroy the ecosystem破坏生态系统
精讲:
ecosystem为可数名词,常用搭配与“保护、破坏、平衡”等动词连用,是环保类文本核心词汇。
例句:
Human activities have a great influence on the ecosystem.
真题链接:
It's important to keep the_in balance..(答案:ecosystem)
10.region/ri:d3n/m.地区,区域:行政区
核心搭配:
in the region of在…地区;大约
different regions不同地区
develop the region开发该地区
精讲:
region强调“具有自然或行政边界的区域”,in the region of后接数字时表示“大约”。
例句:
This plant grows well in the southern region of China
真题链接:
The company plans to build a new factory in the_of Nanjing.(region)
11.wildlife/'waildlaif/n.野生动植物,野生生物
核心搭配:
protect wildlife保护野生动植物
wildlife protection野生动物保护
wildlife reserve野生动物保护区
精讲:
wildlife为不可数名词,无复数形式,常用搭配与“保护、研究、栖息地”等主题相关。
例句:
We should set up more wildlife reserves to protect animals.
真题链接:
_protection is becoming more and more important.(答案:Wildlife)
高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
12.soil/sol/m.土壤:国土,领土,土地
核心搭配:
rich soil肥沃的土壤
poor soil贫瘠的土壤
protect the soil保护土壤
精讲:
soil强调“供植物生长的土壤”,常用形容词“rich/poor”描述其肥力。
例句:
Crops grow better in rich soil.
真题链接:
The farmer is trying to improve the quality of the一.(答案:soil)
综合训练
综合训练
一、
单项选择
1.Smoking cangreat harm to your lungs.
。A.make
·B.do
·C.take
·D.get
2.The old man managed to_on a small pension after retirement.
·A.survive
·B.live
·C.stay
·D.keep
高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】Unit1
3.There is a wide_of books in the city library.
·A.kind
·B.variety
·C.type
·D.sort
4.-of people gathered in the square to watch the parade.
·A.Mass
·B.A mass
·C.Masses
·D.The mass
5.The machine_down suddenly during the production process.
·A.broke
·B.went
·C.turned
·D.fel
6.Plants provide oxygen for humans,and humans_turn provide COz for plants.
·A.by
·B.in
·C.on
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高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
·D.at
7.Pandas are one of the most famous endangeredin the world.
·A.species
·B.kinds
·C.types
·D.sorts
8.All things depend on water and sunlight to grow.
·A.live
·B.alive
·C.living
·D.lively
9.Protecting theis essential for maintaining ecological balance.
·A.ecosystem
·B.environment
·C.nature
·D.wildlife
10.This plant is commonly found in the northern-of the country.
·A.area
·B.region
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高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】Unit1
·C.place
·D.district
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Human activities have caused serious()to the environment.
2.Some animals can in extreme weather conditions.
3.The forest provides a_(多样性)of habitats for wildlife.
4.The factory uses_(大规模的)production to reduce costs.
5.Food is(into nutrients in the digestive system.
6.We need to protect wildlife,and()it will maintain the ecosystem.
7.Many(are in danger of extinction due to habitat loss.
8.The farmer is working hard to improve the quality of the()
三、首字母填空
1.It's our duty to prevent hto endangered animals.
2.The villagers survive m-on farming and fishing.
3.A vof flowers are planted in the garden.
4.Masses of tvisit the national park every summer.
5.The engine broke d and the car stopped on the road.
6.In t,the government's policy will benefit local businesses.
7.Wprotection has become a global concern.
8.The ecosystem in this ris very fragile.
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The fire caused great(harm)to the historical building.
2.He is one of the few people who_(survive)the plane crash.
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高中必修第三册译林版
【固定搭配精讲】
Unit 1
3.This shop sells a wide(vary)of toys for children.
4.A mass of students(be)planting trees in the park now.
5.The old bridge(break)down in the heavy rain last night.
6.Plants absorb COz and(turn)release oxygen.
7.This area is home to many rare_(species)
8.The living(condition)in the mountain village have improved a lot.
参考答案
I单项选择
1.B2.A3B4.C5.A6.B7.A8.C9.A10B
I工.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.harm 2.survive
3.variety
4.mass
5.broken down 6.in turn
7.species 8.soil
I首字母填空
1.harm 2.mainly 3.variety
4.tourists 5.down 6.tumn 7.Wildlife 8.region
V.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.harm 2.survived 3.variety 4.are 5.broke 6.in tumn
7.species
8.conditions
9