Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 一-2025-2026学年高中英语固定搭配精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 固定搭配精讲 【Unit4】Scientists who changed the world 译林版·高中必修第三册 全部单元单词 republic /rr'pAblik/n.共和国，共herb /h3bn.药草，香草；草本postpone/p3'spn/t.延迟，延 和政体 refer/r'f3:)to查阅，参考：提期 *malaria /ma'learia/h.疟疾 到，谈及 sufficient/sa'fint/adj.足够的， deadly/'edIi/adj.致命的；十足exper'iment /ik'sperimant/h.实 充足的 的，彻底的 验，试验；尝试，实践：i.做试data/deta/n.数据，资料，材料 survival/s3'varvl/n.生存，存活：验，进行实验：尝试 speed up(使)加速 残存物，幸存事物 trial/'trar/h.试用，试验：审讯，pay off成功，奏效，达到目的 province/'provins/n.省，省份审判：考验：vi.&t.测试，试error/'era(r)n.错误，差错 broad /bro:dadj.广泛的；宽阔验 through trial and error反复试 的，广阔的；概括的：开阔的limited'Imtd/adj.有限的 验 intend/m'tend/t.&vi.想要，计household/'ha5 shauld/adj.家庭wisdom/wIzdam/n.智慧，知识， 划：意指 的，家用的，家务的：n.一家人，学问：才智；明智 *extract/ekstraekt/n.提取物，选家庭 beneficial/,benr'fi/adj.有益的， 录：/k'straekt/t.提取：选录：取 container /kan'tema(t)/h.容器；有用的 出：设法得到 集装箱，货柜 固定及常见搭配 1.refer to /rI'f3:)/to查阅，参考：提到，谈及 核心搭配： refer to a dictionary查字典 refer to the notes参考笔记 refer to sb./sth.提到某人/某事 精讲： refer to后接具体查询对象或提及内容，to为介词，不可省略。 例句： You can refer to the textbook when solving this problem. 真题链接： When you don't know the word,.you can_your dictionary.(答案：refer to) 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 2.intend/m'tend/vt.&vi.想要，计划：意指 核心搭配： intend to do sth.计划做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intend that.计划·（从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形) 精讲： intend表示“主观计划”，其过去分词intended可作表语，构成be intended for(专为…设计)。 例句： She intends to study medicine in college. 真题链接： This book (intend)for high school students.(答案：is intended) 3.experiment/k'sperimant/.h.实验，试验；vi.做试验 核心搭配： do an experiment做实验 carry out an experiment进行实验 experiment on sth.用某物做实验 精讲： 作名词时为可数名词，作动词时常用experiment on/with sth.结构。 例句： The scientists are experimenting on new materials. 真题链接： We will an experiment in the chemistry class tomorrow.(答案：do) 4.trial/'trarel/n.试用，试验：审讯 核心搭配： on trial在试用中；受审 a trial period试用期 through trial and error反复试验 精讲： through trial and error为固定短语，强调通过不断尝试找到方法。 例句： He learned to cook through trial and error. 真题链接： The new product is still trial,so we can't buy it yet.(答案：on) 5.pay off成功，奏效，达到目的 核心搭配： pay off the effort努力得到回报 pay off the debt还清债务 精讲： 2 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 作“成功”讲时，主语多为effort,.hard work等；作“还清”讲时，直接接宾语。 例句： Her hard work finally paid off when she won the prize. 真题链接： All our efforts off in the end,and we achieved our goal..(答案：paid) 6.speed up(使)加速 核心搭配： speed up the process加快进程 speed up the car加速汽车 精讲： 及物动词短语，可用于主动或被动语态。 例句： We need to speed up the project to meet the deadline. 真题链接： The new technology helps toup the production. (答案：speed) 7.beneficial/,benr'fi/adj.有益的，有用的 核心搭配： be beneficial to sb./sth.对某人/某物有益 beneficial effects有益影响 精讲： 后接介词to,相当于be good for。 例句： Regular exercise is beneficial to health 真题链接： Reading is to improving your vocabulary.(答案：beneficial) 8.extract/ik'straekt/t.提取：/'ekstraekt/h.提取物 核心搭配： extract oil from plants从植物中提取油 extract information提取信息 a plant extract植物提取物 精讲： 动词词性时重音在第二个音节，名词时重音在第一个音节。 例句： The factory extracts juice from fresh fruits. 真题链接： Scientists are trying to a new drug from traditional herbs.(extract) 9.household/'haushauld/m.家庭；adj.家庭的 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 核心搭配： a household name家喻户晓的名字 household chores家务 household appliances家用电器 精讲： 作形容词时修饰名词，作名词时可指“一家人”。 例句： Smartphones have become a household item 真题链接： This brand of washing machine is popular in many (答案：households) l0.sufficient/sa'fint/adj.足够的，充足的 核心搭配： sufficient time足够的时间 be sufficient for sth.对某事来说足够 精讲： 可与enough互换，但sufficient更正式，常用搭配be sufficient for。 例句： We have sufficient evidence to prove his innocence. 真题链接： Is the money for your trip to Beijing?(答案：sufficient) 11.postpone /p3'spaun/t.延迟，延期 核心搭配： postpone doing sth.推迟做某事 postpone the meeting推迟会议 精讲： 后接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式。 例句： They decided to postpone holding the party. 真题链接： The sports meeting was because of the rain.(答案：postponed) l2.through trial and error反复试验 核心搭配： learn through trial and error通过反复试验学习 solve the problem through trial and error反复试验解决问题 精讲： 固定短语，强调过程中的不断尝试与纠错。 例句： He mastered the skill through trial and error. 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 真题链接： Many great inventions were made trial and error. (答案：through) 综合训练 综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.When you encounter unfamiliar words,you can a dictionary for help ·A.refer to ·B.look after ·C.put of ·D.give up 2.The scientists are new materials to improve the product quality. ·A.experimenting on ·B.paying off ·C.speeding up ·D.extracting from 3.Regular exercise is to maintaining good health. ·A.beneficial ·B.sufficient ·C.household 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 ·D.trial 4.The company decided to the meeting until next Monday due to the manager's absence. ·A.postpone ·B.intend ·C.extract ·D.refer 5.After years of hard work,her efforts finally when she was admitted to the top university. ·A.paid of ·B.speeded up ·C.went on ·D.tried out 6.The new policy is still trial,so we need to collect feedback from users. ·A.on ·B.in ·C.at ·D.for 7.This brand of refrigerator has become a. name in many families. ·A.household ·B.sufficient 6 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 ·C.trial ·D.beneficial 8.Is the budget for the entire project?We need to confirm before starting. ·A.sufficient ·B.intended ·C.extracted ·D.postponed 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.You can (查阅)the notes if you forget the key points. 2.The team learned the new technology through (反复试验). 3.The factory plans to (natural gas from the underground resources 4.We need to (the production process to meet the deadline. 5.This course is (专为…设计)students majoring in biology.. 6.She to study abroad after graduating from high school. 三、首字母填空 1.Through t and error,he finally found the correct solution to the problem. 2.The company offers a one-month t period for new employees to adapt to the work. 3.It's important to have stime to prepare for the exam;otherwise,you may feel rushed. 4.The new drug needs to be e from rare plants in the rainforest. 5.Her dream of becoming a doctor finally p off after years of hard work. 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 7 高中必修第三册译林版 【nit4】 固定搭配精讲 1.They intend (hold)a charity event next month to raise money for children in need. 2.The research team spent three years(experiment)on different methods before achieving success. 3.This book is(intend)for middle school students who are interested in science. 4.After several delays,the project was finally(postpone)until next year. 5.The (household)appliances in this store are popular for their high quality and low price. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.refer to 2.trial and error 3.extract 4.speed up 5.intended for 6.intends I首字母填空 1.trial 2.trial 3.sufficient 4.extracted 5.paid V.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.to hold 2.experimenting 3.intended 4.postponed P