内容正文:
高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
【Unit2】Out of this world
单元词汇精讲
全部单元单词
astronaut/'estran:t/n.宇航员,物:人
趣(或享受):奢侈品
航天员
mosquito /m3'ski:tau/n.
(pl.tube /tju:b/m.管,管子;软管
gravity/'gravati/n.重力:严重mosquitoes or mosquitos)蚊子
furthermore /'f3:6am3:(r)/adv.
性:严肃
microscope/makr3skap/n.显此外,再者
absence/'ebsans/n.缺乏,不存微镜
pill /prl/n.药,药丸
在:缺席
cast new light on使进一步了解ital/vatl/adj.必不可少的,对
float/fleut/i.飘动,漂流,浮:…
…极重要的;维持生命所必需
t.使浮动,使漂流
maintenance/'meintanans/m.维的
cupboard/kAbad/n.壁橱;橱护,保养;维持,保持
discipline/'disaplin/vt.严格要
柜,衣柜
circumstance/'s3 kamstans/h.条求(自己):惩罚;训练;n.训练,
ceiling/'si:lmh.天花板;上限件,状况:(circumstances))境况,纪律:行为准则;自制力
bother/bDda)t.使烦恼,使(尤指)经济状况:in the circum-leisure/'le3a()h.闲暇,空闲
担心:花费时间精力(做某事);stances在这种情况下,既然如crew /kru:h.全体工作人员;全
打扰:vi.花费时间精力(做某此
体乘务人员,全体船员:专业团
事):n.麻烦,困难
exp0 sure /k'spaU3er)h.面临,队
occupy/Dkjupai/vt.占用,使用;遭受;揭露;报道
permanent /'p3:manant/adj.
居住:占领,侵占:使忙于
radiation/reidi''erfn/n.辐射,放久的,永恒的
mission/nun/m.任务,使命,天射线
altogether /:Ita'geoa(r)/adv.
职军事行动:太空飞行任务visible/'vIzabl/adj.看得见的:明全;总共;总之
evaluate'vaeljueIt/vi.评估,估显的
kit/kt/n.成套设备,成套工具;
计,评价
in view of鉴于,考虑到
配套元件
creature/'kri:tfa()h.动物,生uxury/'lk∫3ri/m.不常有的乐
固定及常见搭配
1.occupy'okjupaI/vt.占用,使用;居住:占领,侵占;使忙于
核心搭配:
occupy oneself with sth.从事于:忙于做某事
be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事
occupy a position担任职位
精讲:
高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
occupy作为及物动词,搭配中常体现“人或事物被占据、占用”的状态,被动形式be occupied
后接in doing sth.表示“忙于做某事”。
例句:
She occupies herself with reading every evening
真题链接:
He has been occupied
(write)his new novel for months.(答案:in writing)
2.evaluate'vaeljuert/t.评估,估计,评价
核心搭配:
evaluate sth.评价某物
evaluate the results评估结果
evaluate sb.on sth.根据某事评价某人
精讲:
evaluate强调“基于标准或证据进行判断”,常见搭配为及物动词直接接宾语,或后接介词on引
出评价依据。
例句:
Teachers need to evaluate students'performance fairly.
真题链接:
The manager will evaluate our work
the quality and efficiency.(答案:on)
3.ital/'vatl/adj.必不可少的,对…极重要的:维持生命所必需的
核心搭配:
be vital to/.for sth.对某事至关重要
play a vital role in在…中起关键作用
vital information关键信息
精讲:
vital后接介词to或for,强调“不可或缺的重要性”,常用于描述对事物成败、生存等关键因素。
例句:
Fresh water is vital to human survival.
真题链接:
Good communication skills play a vital
in teamwork.(答案:role)
4.discipline/disaplm/vt.严格要求(自己):惩罚:训练;n.训练,纪律;行为准则:自制力
核心搭配:
discipline oneself to do sth.严格要求自己做某事
military discipline军纪
follow discipline遵守纪律
精讲:
作动词时强调“自我约束”,搭配为discipline oneself to do sth.;作名词时常用搭配与“遵守、维
持”相关。
例句:
高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
He disciplines himself to get up early every morning.
真题链接:
Students must follow the school
(答案:discipline)
5.exposure/ik'sp3U3r)/h.面临,遭受:揭露:报道
核心搭配:
exposure to sth.暴露于:接触某物
risk of exposure暴露风险
exposure to radiation接触辐射
精讲:
exposure为不可数名词,后接介词to表示“暴露于某种环境或物质”,是高中重点搭配。
例句:
Long-term exposure to sunlight can damage your skin.
真题链接:
The astronauts face the risk of
to harmful radiation in space.
(答案:exposure)
6.in view of鉴于,考虑到
核心搭配:
in view of the fact that…鉴于…事实
in view of circumstances考虑到情况
精讲:
该短语为介词短语,后接名词、代词或从句,用于引出原因或背景,相当于considering。
例句:
In view of the bad weather,we decided to cancel the picnic.
真题链接:
the heavy traffic,,he was late for the meeting.(答案:In view of)
7.cast new light on使进一步了解…
核心搭配:
cast new light on a problem对问题提出新见解
cast new light on history使历史得到新解读
精讲:
该固定搭配中1ight意为“见解,启发”,强调“通过新信息使事物更清晰”。
例句:
The new research casts new light on the origin of the disease.
真题链接:
The discovery of the ancient letters cast new light the king's life.(on)
8.leisure/'le3ar)n.闲暇,空闲
核心搭配:
leisure time闲暇时间
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高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
at leisure从容地:有空
spare leisure to do sth.抽出空闲做某事
精讲:
leisure为不可数名词,常用搭配与“时间、活动”相关,at leisure可作状语表示状态。
例句:
She enjoys reading in her leisure time.
真题链接:
We should make good use of our
time to learn new skills..(答案:leisure)
9.maintenance/meintanans/m.维护,保养;维持,保持
核心搭配:
maintenance of sth.某物的维护
regular maintenance定期保养
maintenance costs维护费用
精讲:
maintenance为不可数名词,常用搭配与“维护对象、频率、费用”相关,是科技类文本高频词
汇。
例句:
The car needs regular maintenance to ensure safety.
真题链接:
Proper
.of equipment can extend its service life.(答案:maintenance)
10.bother/'bDǒar)t.使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事):打扰:vi.花费时间精力(做某事):
n.麻烦,困难
核心搭配:
bother to do sth.费心做某事
bother sb.with sth.因某事打扰某人
not bother不必费心
精讲:
bother作动词时,否定形式常用don't bother,后接不定式:作名词时常用what a bother表示“真
麻烦”。
例句:
Don't bother to cook dinner-I'll order takeout
真题链接:
-Shall I help you carry the box?-No,thanks.I can manage.Don't
(答案:bother)
l1.furthermore/f3:ǒamo:)/adv.此外,再者
核心搭配:
furthermore,+句子(补充说明观点)
first..furthermore.finally..(论证结构中表递进)
精讲:
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高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
furthermore用于连接并列观点,强调“进一步说明”,相当于besides,.常用于书面语。
例句:
The project is time-consuming.Furthermore,it requires a lot of money.
真题链接:
Online learning is convenient.
,it allows flexible study schedules.(答案:Furthermore)
12.in the circumstances在这种情况下,既然如此
核心搭配:
in the circumstances,+句子(引出结果或决定)
under the circumstances(同义短语)
精讲:
该短语用于描述“基于当前情况做出的判断”,circumstances常用复数形式。
例句:
In the circumstances,we have no choice but to wait.
真题链接:
the circumstances,I think we should postpone the trip.(答案:n)
13.discipline/'disaplm/n.训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力
核心搭配:
self-discipline自制力
strengthen discipline加强纪律
lack of discipline缺乏纪律
精讲:
作“自制力”讲时为不可数名词,是高考作文高频话题词汇。
例句:
Success requires hard work and self-discipline
真题链接:
is important for achieving one's goals..(答案:Self-discipline)
综合训练
综合训练
一、
单项选择
1.The manager will evaluate our work
the quality and efficiency.
·A.in
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高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
·B.on
·C.for
·D.with
2.Good communication skills play a vital
in teamwork.
·A.role
·B.part
·C.effect
·D.influence
3.The discovery of the ancient letters cast new light
the king's life
·A.in
·B.to
·C.on
·D.for
4.You can connect your phone the computer via USB.
·A.with
·B.to
·C.for
·D.on
the heavy traffic,he was late for the meeting.
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高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
·A.In view of
·B.In case of
·C.In terms of
·D.In place of
6.She occupies herself reading every evening.
。A.on
·B.in
·C.with
·D.at
7.He has been occupied
his new novel for months.
·A.wite
·B.writing
·C.to write
·D.written
8.Don't bother cook dinner-I'll order takeout.
·A.to
·B.for
·C.with
·D.about
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高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
二、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Fresh water is
(至关重要的)to human survival.
2.The car needs regular
(维护)to ensure safety.
3.Students must follow the school
(纪律)
4.Success requires hard work and self-
(自制力).
5.We should make good use of our
(闲暇)time to learn new skills.
6.The project is time-consuming.
(此外),it requires a lot of money.
三、首字母填空
1.Long-term e_
to sunlight can damage your skin
2.He d
himself to get up early every morning
3.In the c,we have no choice but to wait.
4.Proper m
of equipment can extend its service life.
5.The new research casts new I_
on the origin of the disease.
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The team needs to evaluate the project(base)on its cost and benefits.
2.She disciplines(she)to study for two hours every day.
3.Don't bother(wait)for me-I'll catch up later.
4.Exposure
(to)loud noise for a long time may cause hearing loss.
5.In view of
(he)illness,he was allowed to rest at home.
参考答案
I.单项选择
1B2.A3.C4.B5.A6.C7B8.A
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.vital 2.maintenance 3.discipline 4.discipline 5.leisure
6.Furthermore
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高中选择性必修第三册译林版
单元词汇精讲
ⅡI首字母填空
1.exposure
2.disciplines 3.circumstances
4.maintenance 5.light
V.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.based 2.herself 3.to wait
4.to 5.his
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