专题4 第2讲 有提示词之词形转换（Word教参）-【正禾一本通】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习高效讲义

第二讲　有提示词之词形转换 　　考查词形转换是高考语法填空的一个重点。在解答此类题目时，一是根据空格处在句中所作的成分来确定词性；二是根据标志词及语境来确定比较等级；三是根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。 【真题感悟】 (限时：5分钟，正答率：　　　/10) 1.(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces，the beauty in the strategic (strategy) placement of the pieces... 2.(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live，thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 3.(2025·浙江1月卷)As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer times (time)，clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people’s (people) lives today，and I know that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. 5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)These plants included modern Western favourites (favourite) such as rosemary，lavender and fennel. 6.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional (function) structure that is also beautiful. 7.(2024·全国甲卷)They are treasures (treasure) of American heritage (遗产).How did the national park system come about？ 8.(2023·浙江1月卷)The hutongs they formed were orderly lined by spacious(space) homes and walled gardens. 9.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“He saved my son’s (son) life，”said Mrs.Brown.“I don’t know how to thank him.” 10.(2021·全国乙卷)Provide financial (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 【名师点拨】 1.名词变复数 (1)利用名词前的修饰语确定名词是否用复数形式 ①名词前有many、all、both、a number of、hundreds of等修饰语时，名词用复数形式。 ②名词前有one of或among时，名词用复数形式。 ③名词前有形容词different、various等修饰时，名词用复数形式。 (2)利用谓语的数确定名词是否用复数形式 所填名词作主语，且谓语动词是复数形式(即动词原形)时，名词用复数形式。 2.名词所有格 (1)名词所有格的构成方法 构成情况 举例 单数名词词尾加’s a boy’s bag 以s结尾的复数名词只加’ the students’ books 不以s结尾的复数名词加’s Children’s Day (2)名词所有格表示处所 at the doctor’s 在诊所 go to the barber’s 去理发店 3.名词与其他词性的转换 (1)空处在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语，要考虑将提示词转换成形容词。名词变形容词的后缀： 后缀 示例 -able value→valuable -al nature→natural -ful colour→colourful -en wood→wooden -y dust→dusty -ish child→childish (2)空处在句中作谓语，要考虑将提示词转换成动词。名词变动词的前缀与后缀： 前缀/后缀 示例 en- courage→encourage -en strength→strengthen　 threat→threaten -ize apology→apologize　 memory→memorize 【真题感悟】 (限时：5分钟，正答率：　　　/10) 1.(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces，the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces，and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings，sculptures，digitally (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 2.(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live，thanks to the absence (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 3.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility (visible)，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 4.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest (large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，which became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 5.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)So，what are they learning？Basically (basic)，how to describe a panda’s life. 6.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)When he looked down，he accidentally (accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. 7.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years，Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents，and in 2016，he reached the top of Kilimanjaro，Africa’s highest (high) mountain. 8.(2022·北京卷)That’s a big problem and it is getting even worse (bad).The use of those plastics has increased by 300％ since 2019. 9.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will undoubtedly (undoubted) help you get refreshed！ 10.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)As the small boat moved，gently (gentle) along the river，he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 【名师点拨】 1.形容词变副词或名词 (1)若空格处的词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或全句，应考虑填副词形式。 (2)若空格处在动词前作主语或在介词、形容词后作宾语，应考虑填名词形式。 [附]　形容词变副词的规则 规则 例词 一般形容词变副词直接在其后加-ly quick→quickly， anxious→anxiously 以“辅音字母＋e”结尾的形容词直接加-ly，以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词去掉e再加-ly immediate→ immediately，polite→politely，true→truly 以“辅音字母＋le”结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-y possible→possibly，probable→probably 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词要变y为i再加-ly happy→happily， healthy→healthily 以-ic 结尾的形容词要在其后加-ally economic→ economically， basic→basically 以-ll 结尾的形容词要在其后加-y full→fully， dull→dully 注意特殊情况：whole→wholly，public→publicly，shy→shyly 2.形容词、副词变比较级 (1)空前有much，far，even，rather，a little，a bit，a lot，a great deal，than等标志性词时应考虑用比较级。 (2)句型“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。 (3)句型“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。 (4)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。 (5)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意思，也需要用比较级。 3.形容词、副词变最高级 (1)设空后有表示范围的标志词in，of，among等时，用最高级。 (2)设空前有one of...或“the＋序数词”等修饰词时，用最高级。 (3)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意思，也需要用最高级。 [附]　形容词、副词变比较级或最高级的规则 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词，末尾加-er，-est tall great taller greater tallest greatest 以不发音的-e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-st nice simple nicer simpler nicest simplest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加-er，-est easy busy easier busier easiest busiest 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er，-est clever narrow cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级 important careful more important more careful most important most careful 【真题感悟】 (限时：4分钟，正答率：　　　/8) 1.(2025·全国二卷)Over time，I’ve found myself (I) feeling extremely at home here. 2.(2024·全国甲卷)This area，with its (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty，must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 3.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their (they) contents. 4.(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony，opening its (it) first exhibition：The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 5.(2022·北京卷)Since people can’t always eat out or cook for themselves (they)，they get takeout or order delivery. 6.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the song goes，this long and winding road “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory.It sure does in mine (I).While you’re in China，Mount Huangshan is a must to visit！ 7.(2021·浙江6月卷)She was extremely pretty，and her house was a reflection of herself (she)，everything in good taste and in perfect order. 8.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 【名师点拨】 　　当句子中缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时，可考虑填代词；确定填代词之后，再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。 (1)作主语：人称代词主格(I，we，you，he，she，it，they)、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词； (2)作宾语：人称代词宾格(me，us，you，him，her，it，them)、名词性物主代词(ours，mine，yours，his，hers，its，theirs)、不定代词； (3)作表语：人称代词宾格、不定代词或名词性物主代词； (4)作定语：形容词性物主代词(our，my，your，his，her，its，their)； (5)作宾语、表语或同位语且反射句子的主语：反身代词(myself，ourselves，yourself，yourselves，himself，herself，itself，themselves)，同时注意数的变化。 【真题感悟】 (限时：1分钟，正答率：　　　/2) 1.(2023·全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures，and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the sixth (six) century B.C. 2.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)I’ve always loved the ocean.In the seventh (seven) grade，I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. 【名师点拨】 1.序数词的用法 (1)判定方法：在句中常作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词the。 (2)易错序数词：first(第一)；second(第二)；third(第三)；fifth(第五)；eighth(第八)；ninth(第九)；twelfth(第十二)。 2.分数的表示法 分子以基数词表示，分母以序数词表示，当分子大于1时，序数词要用复数。如：1/3—one third；2/5—two fifths。 3.数词的复数形式表约数用法 (1)“in＋the＋逢十数词的复数或所有格形式”，表示“在几十年代”。如：in the 1930s/1930’s在20世纪30年代。 “in＋one’s＋逢十数词的复数形式”，表示“在某人几十多岁时”。如：in one’s early forties在某人四十出头时。 (2)dozen、score、hundred、thousand、million、billion等词的复数形式与of连用，表示数量多(但不确定具体数目)。如：dozens of birds几十只鸟　scores of students几十个学生　hundreds of people成百上千人。 [注意]　表示具体数目时，数词不用复数，后面不用of。如：two million people两百万人。 (3)decade只表示“十年”，表示具体数目时也要用复数。如：two decades ago二十年前。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $