内容正文:
高三二轮专题复习高效讲义
英 语
语法填空
专题四
考点(一) 谓语动词
有提示词之动词
第一讲
01
02
03
06
07
考点(二) 非谓语动词
考点(三) 动词与其他词性转换
随堂演练
题型强化练
【三年高考命题大数据】
【考情特点总结】
考点(一) 谓语动词
are revealed
tries
is
is
were
was built
were
be done
have started
means
考点(二) 非谓语动词
to present
to discover
left
to rent
returning
to give
Recalling
to find
to catch
to bite
to be lifted
staying
考点(三) 动词与其他词性转换
guidance
solution
criticism
arrival
protection
invitation
educated
development
marriage
originated
served
has failed
was scheduled
was built
to have arrived
functions
is
served
to spend
was released
being equipped
have attracted
had entered
to write
to be established
being caught
innovation
to have caused
toasted
Composed
attractive
appearance
refers
drew
penned
measuring
representing
titled
referred
comes
are sacrificed
is faced
innovative
creation
transforming
proposed
to improve
living
beneficial
literally
offered
locals
that
shows
to explore
a
has been accepted
with
combination
rooted
broader
a
continuously
strengthening
where
presence
emphasized
to
diners
ONTENT
CONTENT
谢谢观看!
试卷
名称
考试
年份
体裁
主题
语境
文章
话题
篇章
词数
考点统计
有提示词
无提示词
谓语动词
非谓语
动词
词性转换
名词的
数或格
代词
比较等级
数词
冠词
介词
并列连词
从句引导词
新课标
Ⅰ卷
2025
说明文
人与
社会
以围棋为灵感
的艺术展览
234
2
1
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
2024
说明文
人与
社会
玻璃温室与丝路花园
243
1
1
4
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
2023
说明文
人与
社会
小笼包
207
0
4
2
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
试卷
名称
考试
年份
体裁
主题
语境
文章
话题
篇章
词数
考点统计
有提示词
无提示词
谓语动词
非谓语
动词
词性转换
名词的
数或格
代词
比较等级
数词
冠词
介词
并列连词
从句引导词
新课标
Ⅱ卷
2025
记叙文
人与
自我
从美国到中国浙江农村
225
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
2024
说明文
人与
社会
汤显祖与莎士比亚
212
2
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
2023
记叙文
人与
社会
教熊猫管理员英语
209
1
1
3
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
一、选材特点:文以载道,语境真实
①语篇题材广泛,富有时代性与文化内涵,兼具育人价值。
②结构清晰、逻辑性强,语言规范地道,要求考生适应不同语体并在真实语境中运用语言。
二、考查特点:基础综合化,语境逻辑化
①语境化基础:名词复数、主谓一致、冠词等基础考点均深度嵌入语篇逻辑中
考查。
②系统化词法:构词法(词形转换)是核心考点,系统性考查词汇体系(词根、词缀、词性转换)。
③关联性句法:重点考查从句与连词,测试把握句子成分间逻辑关系的能力。
三、能力指向:超越语法,指向核心素养
题目综合考查英语学科核心素养:
①语言能力:词汇、语法、语篇知识的综合运用。
②思维品质:逻辑推理与信息处理能力。
③文化意识:通过语篇理解中外文化。
④学习能力:运用构词法等规律猜测词义、拓展词汇的策略。
总之,高考语法填空题是以富有文化与时代价值的语篇为载体,在真实语境中系统考查语法知识综合运用、逻辑推理及文化理解能力的综合素养考查。备考需转向“读篇章、理逻辑、析结构、用规律”,促进语言能力、思维品质与文化意识协同发展。
【名师点拨】
(一)5大方法破解谓语动词时态
1.时间标志法
时态
时间标志词(或时间状语)
一般现在时
every day、always、often、seldom、sometimes、usually等
一般过去时
yesterday、last night、a few days ago、the other day等
时态
时间标志词(或时间状语)
一般将来时
tomorrow、next year、in a week等
现在进行时
at present、now、at this moment等
现在完成时
already、so far、for+一段时间、since+过去时间点、ever since、in the last/past+一段时间等
过去完成时
by、by the end of、by the time+过去时间点等
4.固定句式法
掌握常用句式也是解决时态问题快速且行之有效的方式,因此平时要积累并熟记一些常用句式。例如:
·was/were doing sth when+一般过去时
·was/were about to do sth when+一般过去时
·had (just) done sth when+一般过去时
·This/It/That was the first/second...time that+过去完成时
·It’s (high) time that sb did/should do sth
·It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时
5.主从时态呼应法
在宾语从句中,如果主句用一般过去时,从句应用过去的某种时态;从句如果表示客观事实或真理则用一般现在时。
(三)3大原则确定主谓一致
语法一
致原则
1.可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数;可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词用复数;
2.插入语不影响主谓一致:主语后跟有with,together with,along with,as well as,in addition to,like,but,except,rather than,including等引导的短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致;
3.在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数一致
就近一
致原则
1.主语由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but (also)...,not...but...等连接时,谓语动词的数与最近的主语一致;
2.由there,here引起的句子中,主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致
意义一
致原则
1.由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时,谓语动词用单数;指的是不同的人、事物或概念时,谓语动词用复数。
2.动名词、动词不定式、名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数
【名师点拨】
判断非谓语动词形式的5大招
1.逻辑关系法
第一步:找出分词的逻辑主语
①作状语→逻辑主语是句子主语
②作定语→逻辑主语是被修饰词
③作表语→逻辑主语是句子主语
④作宾补→逻辑主语是句子宾语
第二步:判断逻辑关系
①在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义
②在时间上,现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生,过去分词表示动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性
2.关键词标志法
只能跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)
enjoy,consider,escape,include,avoid,miss,risk,appreciate,admit,mind,imagine,delay,finish,suggest,deny,practise,excuse,be worth,insist on,keep on,succeed in,give up,cannot help等
只能跟不定式作宾语的动词
hope/wish/expect,agree/promise,demand/ask,refuse,manage,learn,decide/determine,pretend,choose/select,plan,offer,intend,apply,fail,afford,prepare,desire,happen,aim,wait,threaten等
既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
只能跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词
tell,order,allow,permit,enable,persuade,force,warn,encourage,inspire,expect等
疑问词+不定式结构
“疑问词(what/which/how/when/where)+to do”在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语等
介词后作宾语要用动名词
有关介词to的固定短语:
①look forward to盼望
②get down to着手
③be used/accustomed to 习惯于
④stick to坚持
⑤pay attention to注意
⑥devote/commit/apply oneself to致力于
⑦object to反对
⑧be opposed to反对
⑨When it comes to 当谈到……
⑩attach importance to 重视
3.归类对比法
with复合结构
①with+宾语+to do(未发生)
②with+宾语+doing(主动、进行)
③with+宾语+done(被动、完成)
have的固定用法
①have sb/sth doing让某人/某物一直做
②have sth done让某事被做
③have sb do sth让某人做某事
固定结构中doing
①spend...(in) doing 花费时间做某事
②waste...(in) doing浪费时间做某事
③be busy doing=be occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事
④prevent/stop...(from) doing
阻止某人做某事
⑤have a hard time (in) doing
做某事有困难
⑥have difficulty/trouble (in) doing做某事有困难
⑦have fun (in) doing在做某事中获得乐趣
⑧There is no point/sense (in) doing做……没有用
⑨There is no harm (in) doing
做……没有坏处
5.新考向应对法——根据逻辑与时间关系,突破非谓语的时态语态
分析2022年之前的高考试卷可知,非谓语动词主要考查其一般式,但2023年新课标Ⅰ卷和全国乙卷中,分别考查了不定式一般式的被动语态和现在分词的完成式。这一新考向要引起考生的格外关注。
(1)不定式的时态和语态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to do
to be done
进行式
to be doing
无
完成式
to have done
to have been done
(2)动词-ing形式的时态和语态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
①当一个动词-ing形式逻辑上的主语是该动作的承受者,这个动词-ing形式要用被动形式。
He entered the room without being seen.
他走进了房间,没有被人看见。
7.(2021·全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics,and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _____________ (develop) of the local areas.
8.(2021·浙江6月卷)In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser,who performed their __________ (marry) ceremony in 1842.
2.动词变名词的常见后缀
后缀
示例
-ment
develop→development
amaze→amazement
argue→argument
-ion
attract→attraction
-ation
expect→expectation
-s(z)ion
conclude→conclusion
admit→admission
后缀
示例
-ance
guide→guidance
-ence
exist→existence
-al
arrive→arrival
-ure/-ture
press→pressure
-y
discover→discovery
-age
marry→marriage
3.判断动词变形容词的方法
作定语、表语或补足语时。
4.动词变形容词的常见后缀
后缀
示例
-able
suit→suitable
-ful
doubt→doubtful
-ive
attract→attractive
-ary
imagine→imaginary
-ous
continue→continuous
-ing/-ed
amaze→amazing/amazed
15.(2025·山东淄博高三一模)Formed in the Han Dynasty,the Regular Script (楷书) was more simplified and easier __________ (write).
16.(2025·浙江高三阶段练习)As the Winter Solstice is the first term ________________ (establish),it is often regarded as the starting point of China’s 24 solar terms.
17.(2025·南京师大附中期末)In order to avoid ______________ (catch) for violating visa conditions,many foreign drivers use other people’s accounts.
18.(2025·广东模拟预测)This edition of the Asiaal has integrated Hangzhou’s rich historical heritage,surging ____________ (innovate),vitality and distinct value pursuit into various aspects.
Early-rising 3.______________ (local),especially seniors,usually greet each other with“Have you drunk tea?” to start the day.A native saying,“The only thing 4.______________ can interrupt a Yum Cha gathering is a typhoon,” jokingly but vividly 5.______________ (show) the strong commitment of Guangzhou people to their daily tea tradition.In teahouses or restaurants,people come together 6.____________ (explore) a wide variety of traditional bite-sized foods,enjoying the social atmosphere and rich cultural heritage (遗产) that accompany the meal,which adds 7._______ touch of depth and enjoyment to the tea gathering.
Over the last ten years,the tradition of Yum Cha 8._________________ (accept) by many young people as a way to reconnect with their roots.Moreover,they are innovating on the classic Yum Cha by experimenting 9.______________ low-sugar,low-oil,and high-fiber dim sum (点心),using recyclable and eco-friendly tea ware.This 10.______________ (combine) of tradition and innovation helps ensure that Yum Cha culture remains relevant in today’s fast-paced world.
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