Unit 11 Rules Matter! 规则很重要!（话题阅读精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版七年级下册

Unit 11 Rules Matter! 规则很重要 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 268 介绍乘坐校车的安全规则，涵盖等车、上下车、乘车途中的各类具体注意事项，规避乘车风险。 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 226 迈克和父亲钓鱼超时钓到大鱼，父亲坚持守规则将鱼放生，这件事深刻影响了迈克的人生和职业选择。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 215 介绍健康吃零食的三条规则，自制零食、选慢消化食物、先喝水辨饥饿，正确吃零食有益健康。 实战演练 Passage 1 完形填空 记叙文 142 哈里不满妈妈制定的诸多规则，得知妈妈是为帮他学会自理后，理解了规则是父母表达爱的方式。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 201 指出游泳存在溺水风险，从热身、学正确技巧、强体质、应对紧急情况四方面介绍安全游泳的方法。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 128 介绍学校图书馆的规则，含护书、保持安静、借书限制，说明规则的作用，也提及部分规则的小不足。 Passage 4 阅读表达 说明文 136 武汉六中七年级 12 班由学生自主制定 30 条班规，因学生是规则制定者，班规在班级中实施效果良好。 Passage1时文阅读 Be a good school bus rider! 做一名优秀的校车乘客! Have you ever taken a school bus to school? How does it feel? For many students, the most exciting part of the day is chatting (聊天) with friends on the bus after school. Today, school buses are designed (设计) to be safer than ever before. However, students still face some risks when they are near or on the bus. So how can we stay safe while riding the school bus? Let's read on to find out. The school bus usually arrives on time. To avoid (避免) missing it, it's a good idea to arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes early. When waiting, be sure to stay in the safe area and never step into the street to look for the bus. Remember, the bus stop is not a playground. Don't play or run after others, as you might fall and get hurt. When the school bus arrives, be careful when you are around the school bus. If you drop something near the school bus, the safest thing to do is tell the driver right away (立刻). Also, never walk behind the school bus, because the driver might not see you. Always wait until the bus comes to a full stop. Once the door opens and the driver says it's safe to get on or off, line up and don't push anyone. You can hold the handrails (扶手) so that you won't fall down. There are some things you should watch out for during the bus ride. Never put your head, hands, or any part of your body out of the window. Some students might leave their bags in the bus aisle (过道), but this can be dangerous. If there's an emergency, like an accident or a fire, having a clear aisle is very important for saving lives. Also, don't shout or make loud noises. That could distract (使分心) the driver. 你曾经乘坐校车去上学吗？那感觉如何？对于许多学生来说，一天中最令人兴奋的部分就是放学后在车上与朋友们聊天。如今，校车的设计比以往任何时候都更加安全。然而，当他们靠近或在车上时，学生们仍然面临一些风险。那么，我们如何在乘坐校车时保持安全呢？让我们继续阅读，寻找答案。 校车通常会准时到达。为了避免错过它，最好提前至少五分钟到达公交站。等待时，请务必待在安全区域，切勿走到街道上寻找校车。记住，公交站不是游乐场。不要在他人周围玩耍或奔跑，因为可能会摔倒受伤。 校车到达时，要小心周围的情况。如果校车附近有掉落的东西，最安全的做法是立即告诉司机。此外，切勿走在校车后面，因为司机可能看不到你。 始终等到校车完全停稳。当车门打开，司机说可以上车或下车时，排队不要推挤任何人。你可以握住扶手，这样就不会摔倒了。 乘坐公交车时有一些事项你需要留意。切勿将头、手或身体的任何部位伸出车窗外。有些学生可能会把包放在过道里，但这可能会很危险。如果发生紧急情况，比如事故或火灾，有畅通的过道对于拯救生命非常重要。此外，不要大声喊叫或制造噪音。这可能会分散司机的注意力。 【长难句分析】 1. To avoid missing it, it's a good idea to arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes early. 中文翻译：为了避免错过校车，至少提前五分钟到达公交站是个好主意。 分析： 句首的 To avoid missing it 是目的状语，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 to arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes early； avoid 后接动名词 missing 作宾语。 ‌2. If you drop something near the school bus, the safest thing to do is tell the driver right away. 中文翻译：如果你在校车附近掉了东西，最安全的做法是立刻告诉司机。 分析： If 引导条件状语从句，主句中 the safest thing 是主语，to do 是后置定语修饰 thing； is 后接省略 to 的不定式短语 tell the driver right away 作表语（口语中不定式作表语可省略 to）。 ‌3. If there's an emergency, like an accident or a fire, having a clear aisle is very important for saving lives. 中文翻译：如果有紧急情况，比如事故或火灾，保持过道畅通对拯救生命非常重要。 分析： If 引导条件状语从句，主句中 having a clear aisle 是动名词短语作主语； like an accident or a fire 是插入语，举例说明 emergency； for saving lives 是介词短语作状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 risk /rɪsk/ 危险；风险 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ 避免 miss /mɪs/ 错过 safe /seɪf/ 安全的 fall /fɔːl/ 摔倒 emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ 紧急情况 hurt /hɜːt/ 受伤的 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ 交通事故；车祸 drop /drɒp/ 掉落 distract /dɪˈstrækt/ 使分心 push /pʊʃ/ 推 aisle /aɪl/ 过道 Passage2 Catch of a lifetime 一生难得的一次捕获 When Mike was 12 years old, he often went fishing with his father by a lake. There was a sign (指示牌) reading “Fishing is just allowed from 9 am to 4 pm”. One sunny day, Mike and his father started fishing at 10:30 am. They didn’t catch any fish until almost 4 pm. When it was two to four, Dad said, “It’s time for us to leave for home!” But Mike refused. He desired to have another try, hoping to catch something. Suddenly, the fishing rod (鱼竿) shook. Mike knew there was a big fish on the other end because it was difficult for him to pull it out of the water. Mike called his father to help. Together, they caught the big fish. Dad and Mike were excited about their catch. Just then, the father remembered the fishing rule. He looked at his watch and said seriously, “It’s already 4:12 pm. According to the rule, we can only fish until 4:00 pm. We have to put it back.” Mike looked around. No other fishermen or boats were around. “Please keep it. Mum can make it for dinner,” Mike said. The father replied, “We must follow the rules. Even though no one sees us, we should do what is right.” At last Mike put the big fish back into the river. Years later, Mike grew up to become a successful lawyer (律师) in New York. He has never again caught such a big fish as the one he caught that afternoon. But he does see that same “fish” again and again — every time he comes up against a question of ethics (道德原则). 当迈克 12 岁时，他经常和父亲一起去湖边钓鱼。那里有一块指示牌，上面写着“钓鱼活动仅在上午 9 点至下午 4 点期间允许进行”。 在一个阳光明媚的日子里，迈克和他的父亲在上午 10 点 30 分开始钓鱼。直到将近下午 4 点他们都没有钓到任何鱼。当时间快到两点四十分时，爸爸说：“我们该回家了！”但迈克拒绝了。他想要再试一次，希望能钓到什么鱼。 突然，鱼竿晃动起来。迈克知道鱼竿另一端肯定有一条大鱼，因为要把鱼从水里拉出来对他来说非常困难。迈克便叫来了他的父亲来帮忙。他们一起把这条大鱼捕获了。 爸爸和迈克对他们的捕获物感到非常兴奋。就在这时，父亲想起了钓鱼的规则。他看了看手表，严肃地说道：“现在已经下午 4 点 12 分了。按照规则，我们只能钓到 4 点钟为止。我们必须把鱼放回去。” 迈克环顾四周。周围没有其他渔民，也没有其他船只。“请收下吧。妈妈可以用它来做晚餐的。”迈克说道。 父亲回答道：“我们必须遵守规则。即便无人看见我们，我们也应该做正确的事。” 最后，迈克把这条大鱼放回了河里。 多年以后，迈克在纽约成长为一名成功的律师。他再也没有钓到过像那天下午钓到的那样大的鱼了。但他却不断地再次见到那条“鱼”——每当他面临道德原则的问题时，就会再次见到它。 【长难句分析】 1. When Mike was 12 years old, he often went fishing with his father by a lake. 中文翻译：当迈克 12 岁时，他经常和父亲在湖边钓鱼。 分析： When 引导时间状语从句，主句中 went fishing 是固定搭配，表示 “去钓鱼”； with his father by a lake 是介词短语作状语。 2. He desired to have another try, hoping to catch something. 中文翻译：他渴望再试一次，希望能钓到些什么。 分析： He 是主语，desired 是谓语，to have another try 是宾语； hoping to catch something 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，与谓语动作同时发生。 3. Even though no one sees us, we should do what is right.. 中文翻译：即使没有人看到我们，我们也应该做正确的事。 分析： Even though 引导让步状语从句，主句中 what is right 是宾语从句，作 do 的宾语。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 catch /kætʃ/ 抓到 allow /əˈlaʊ/ 允许 refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ 拒绝 excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ 兴奋的 shake /ʃeɪk/ 抖动 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ 律师 seriously /ˈsɪəriəsli/ 严肃地 ethics /ˈeθɪks/ 道德原则 reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ 答复 desire /dɪˈzaɪə(r)/ 渴望 sign /saɪn/ 指示牌 come up against /kʌm ʌp əˈɡenst/ 遇到 Passage3 Snack Rules 零食规则 Probably you grew up with a stop-snacking mom. That is a mom who tells her kids that snacks are bad. They will make you fat. They will hurt your teeth. Well, Mom may be right about most things, but she is not right about all snacks. There is actually a healthy way to snack. In fact, snacking the right way can keep you healthier! The right snacks can keep you from eating too much at dinner and keep you from getting fat. The first rule about snacking is to make your own. Don't buy snacks that are already wrapped and sold in stores. Most of those snacks have too much sugar and salt in them. The second rule about snacking is to eat things that take longer for your body to process. Things like bread and crackers are processed quickly by your body. Have some cheese or yogurt to go along with some bread, and you've got a winning snack. The third rule about snacking is to remember water. Especially when you are working, it is easy to mistake being tired for being hungry. And you might not really be hungry at all. Your body might just be trying to tell you to drink some water. Have a bottle of water before you pull out another snack. That might be all you really need. With one or two snack breaks during your day, you will probably find that you eat less at lunch and dinner. Smaller meals will help you cut down the amount of food you eat during your day. And eating less is a great way to start losing weight. 或许你从小就生活在一位不许吃零食的妈妈身边。这位妈妈会告诉孩子们零食是不好的，它们会让你发胖，还会损害牙齿。不过，妈妈在大多数事情上的看法可能是正确的，但并非所有零食都是如此。其实，有健康的方式来吃零食。事实上，正确地吃零食能让你更健康！正确的零食能防止你在晚餐时吃得过多，也能避免发胖。 关于吃零食的首要规则是自己动手准备。不要购买那些已经包装好并在商店里出售的零食。大多数这类零食都含有过多的糖和盐。 关于吃零食的第二条规则是选择那些需要较长时间被身体消化的食物。像面包和饼干这类食物被身体消化的速度较快。吃一些奶酪或酸奶，再配上一些面包，这样你就有了一个成功的零食选择。 关于吃零食的第三条规则是要记得喝水。尤其是在工作时，很容易将疲劳误认为是饥饿。而且你可能根本不是真的饿。你的身体可能只是在试图告诉你需要喝点水。在拿出另一份零食之前，先喝一瓶水。这可能就是你真正需要的全部了。 如果在一天中安排一两次小的零食时间，你可能会发现午餐和晚餐的食量会减少。少吃一些食物有助于控制一天中的饮食量。而且少吃食物是开始减肥的好方法。 【长难句分析】 1. There is actually a healthy way to snack. In fact, snacking the right way can keep you healthier! 中文翻译：实际上有一种健康的吃零食方式。事实上，以正确的方式吃零食可以让你更健康！ 分析： 第一句是 There be 句型，to snack 是后置定语修饰 way； 第二句中 snacking the right way 是动名词短语作主语，keep you healthier 是 “keep + 宾语 + 形容词比较级” 结构，表示 “使某人更……”。 2. Don't buy snacks that are already wrapped and sold in stores. 中文翻译：不要买那些在商店里已经包装好并出售的零食。 分析： 这是祈使句的否定形式，that 引导定语从句修饰 snacks，从句中 are wrapped and sold 是被动语态，表示 “被包装和出售”。 3. Especially when you are working, it is easy to mistake being tired for being hungry. 中文翻译：特别是当你工作的时候，很容易把疲劳误认为是饥饿。 分析： when 引导时间状语从句，主句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语 to mistake being tired for being hungry； mistake A for B 是固定搭配，表示 “把 A 误认为是 B”。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 snack /snæk/ 零食；吃零食 hungry /ˈhʌŋɡri/ 饥饿的 wrap /ræp/ 包裹 tired /ˈtaɪəd/ 疲劳的 process /ˈprəʊses/ 消化；处理 amount /əˈmaʊnt/ 数量 cracker /ˈkrækə(r)/ 饼干 weight /weɪt/ 重量 yogurt /ˈjɒɡət/ 酸奶 lose /luːz/ 失去；减肥 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ 误认为；错误 healthy /ˈhelθi/ 健康的 实战演练 Passage1 Harry is a boy from the USA．He is the only child of his parents, but his mother is 1 with him. His mother always asks him to do many things. He has to help his mother do housework like cleaning the room, doing the 2 and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t need to do housework. Harry feels awful and wants to 3 the rules with his mother. One day, Harry plays basketball for an hour after school, and he gets home 4 . Harry’s mother worries about him and scolds (责备) him after he 5 home. Harry says, “Rules! Rules! Rules! 6 do you make so many rules for me?” “Don’t you know I make the rules to 7 you? I hope you can look after yourself when I am 8 ,” his mother says. 9 hearing his mother’s words, Harry says sorry to his mother. And he learns to do housework, so he can do many things by himself now. Sometimes, our parents make rules for us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to 10 their love to us. 1．A．important B．strict C．friendly D．afraid 2．A．uniforms B．kitchen C．dishes D．exercise 3．A．talk about B．write down C．think of D．ask for 4．A．early B．quietly C．luckily D．late 5．A．leaves B．saves C．arrives D．misses 6．A．What B．How C．Why D．When 7．A．stop B．help C．follow D．feel 8．A．beautiful B．relaxed C．scary D．busy 9．A．Before B．Between C．Over D．After 10．A．remember B．use C．show D．lend Passage 2 Swimming is a great way to stay healthy and have fun! But it can be dangerous if we don’t do it the right way. In China, drowning (溺水) is the main cause of accidental death (意外身亡) among children and teenagers. So, let’s learn some easy tips to swim safely. ◆Warm Up Before You Swim One of the most important things you can do to stay safe while swimming is to warm up before you get into the water. You can do simple exercises like jumping jacks, arm circles, and leg swings to get your body ready for swimming. ◆Learn to Swim in a Right Way If you don’t know how to swim, take lessons from a professional coach (专业教练). Even if you can swim a little, learning the right skills can help you stay safe in the water. ◆Build a Strong Body Strength training is great for swimmers too! Simple exercises at home, like jump rope or sit-ups, can be very beneficial. They can help make your body stronger, and even improve your swimming skills. ◆Know What to Do in an Emergency (紧急情况) Always swim in safe places like swimming pools or beaches where there are lifeguards (救生员). If someone is drowning, don’t try to save them by yourself. Call for help instead or use a long stick or a rope to pull them to a safe place. If you’re in trouble, stay calm and float (漂浮) on your back until help arrives. Remember, swimming is a great way to keep healthy and have fun, but always follow these tips to be safe. 1．Why is warming up important before swimming? A．To help swim faster. B．To improve swimming skills. C．To help lose weight. D．To get ready for swimming. 2．According to the passage, which exercise is good for building strength? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “beneficial” mean in the passage? A．Useful. B．Scary. C．Beautiful. D．Terrible. 4．What can you learn from the passage? A．People don’t need to warm up before swimming. B．Learning the right swimming skills can help you keep safe in the water. C．Swimming in rivers is always safe for good swimmers. D．If someone is drowning, jump into the water and save them by yourself. 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．A student’s diary. B．An English learning app. C．A health magazine. D．A storybook. Passage 3 There are many rules in our school library, 1 They also help make sure every student can use the library fairly (公平地) and easily. 2 For example, we can’t bring food or drinks into the library. This is because crumbs or spills might damage book pages and make them hard to read. Rules about the reading environment are also important. If we talk loudly or make noise, 3 So, the library asks everyone to speak quietly—this way, no one gets disturbed (打扰) while reading or studying. Another key rule is about borrowing books: each student can only take three books home at once. This rule helps share the books fairly among all students. 4 For example, when doing a research project (研究项目), some students might need more than three books to use as references (参考). 5 Even though some rules seem strict, they finally create a clean and respectful space for everyone to enjoy books. A．But it’s not always good for students. B．it will make others not focus on learning. C．and these rules help keep everything in order. D．Following rules is very important in every part of our lives. E．These rules are about keeping books safe, keeping quiet, and borrowing books. Passage 4 Classroom rules are important for students. With the rules, students know how to behave (表现) at school. So they need to know about the rules at the beginning of a new term. Usually schools and teachers make the rules. But some classes try a different way. 43 students of Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School make their classroom rules. Each student writes down the rules. They think the rules can help make their class a good one. Then they talk about the rules. The rule-making activity lasts about a month. Finally the class has 30 rules. And then the rule-makers write down their names on the rule poster (海报). After that, they put up the poster on the wall. “Be polite and helpful”, “No phone calls in class” and “Don’t litter” are three examples. The rules work well in the class because students think they are the rule-makers and they have to follow them. 1．When should students know about the classroom rules? (No more than 7 words) ________________________________________________ 2．Who makes the rules for Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School? (No more than 8 words.) ________________________________________________ 3．How long does the rule-making activity last? (No more than 3 words) ________________________________________________ 4．How many rules does Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School have? (No more than 2 words) ________________________________________________ 5．Do you think the rules work well? (No more than 3 words) ________________________________________________ 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 11 Rules Matter! 规则很重要 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 268 介绍乘坐校车的安全规则，涵盖等车、上下车、乘车途中的各类具体注意事项，规避乘车风险。 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 226 迈克和父亲钓鱼超时钓到大鱼，父亲坚持守规则将鱼放生，这件事深刻影响了迈克的人生和职业选择。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 215 介绍健康吃零食的三条规则，自制零食、选慢消化食物、先喝水辨饥饿，正确吃零食有益健康。 实战演练 Passage 1 完形填空 记叙文 142 哈里不满妈妈制定的诸多规则，得知妈妈是为帮他学会自理后，理解了规则是父母表达爱的方式。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 201 指出游泳存在溺水风险，从热身、学正确技巧、强体质、应对紧急情况四方面介绍安全游泳的方法。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 128 介绍学校图书馆的规则，含护书、保持安静、借书限制，说明规则的作用，也提及部分规则的小不足。 Passage 4 阅读表达 说明文 136 武汉六中七年级 12 班由学生自主制定 30 条班规，因学生是规则制定者，班规在班级中实施效果良好。 Passage1时文阅读 Be a good school bus rider! 做一名优秀的校车乘客! Have you ever taken a school bus to school? How does it feel? For many students, the most exciting part of the day is chatting (聊天) with friends on the bus after school. Today, school buses are designed (设计) to be safer than ever before. However, students still face some risks when they are near or on the bus. So how can we stay safe while riding the school bus? Let's read on to find out. The school bus usually arrives on time. To avoid (避免) missing it, it's a good idea to arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes early. When waiting, be sure to stay in the safe area and never step into the street to look for the bus. Remember, the bus stop is not a playground. Don't play or run after others, as you might fall and get hurt. When the school bus arrives, be careful when you are around the school bus. If you drop something near the school bus, the safest thing to do is tell the driver right away (立刻). Also, never walk behind the school bus, because the driver might not see you. Always wait until the bus comes to a full stop. Once the door opens and the driver says it's safe to get on or off, line up and don't push anyone. You can hold the handrails (扶手) so that you won't fall down. There are some things you should watch out for during the bus ride. Never put your head, hands, or any part of your body out of the window. Some students might leave their bags in the bus aisle (过道), but this can be dangerous. If there's an emergency, like an accident or a fire, having a clear aisle is very important for saving lives. Also, don't shout or make loud noises. That could distract (使分心) the driver. 你曾经乘坐校车去上学吗？那感觉如何？对于许多学生来说，一天中最令人兴奋的部分就是放学后在车上与朋友们聊天。如今，校车的设计比以往任何时候都更加安全。然而，当他们靠近或在车上时，学生们仍然面临一些风险。那么，我们如何在乘坐校车时保持安全呢？让我们继续阅读，寻找答案。 校车通常会准时到达。为了避免错过它，最好提前至少五分钟到达公交站。等待时，请务必待在安全区域，切勿走到街道上寻找校车。记住，公交站不是游乐场。不要在他人周围玩耍或奔跑，因为可能会摔倒受伤。 校车到达时，要小心周围的情况。如果校车附近有掉落的东西，最安全的做法是立即告诉司机。此外，切勿走在校车后面，因为司机可能看不到你。 始终等到校车完全停稳。当车门打开，司机说可以上车或下车时，排队不要推挤任何人。你可以握住扶手，这样就不会摔倒了。 乘坐公交车时有一些事项你需要留意。切勿将头、手或身体的任何部位伸出车窗外。有些学生可能会把包放在过道里，但这可能会很危险。如果发生紧急情况，比如事故或火灾，有畅通的过道对于拯救生命非常重要。此外，不要大声喊叫或制造噪音。这可能会分散司机的注意力。 【长难句分析】 1. To avoid missing it, it's a good idea to arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes early. 中文翻译：为了避免错过校车，至少提前五分钟到达公交站是个好主意。 分析： 句首的 To avoid missing it 是目的状语，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 to arrive at the bus stop at least five minutes early； avoid 后接动名词 missing 作宾语。 ‌2. If you drop something near the school bus, the safest thing to do is tell the driver right away. 中文翻译：如果你在校车附近掉了东西，最安全的做法是立刻告诉司机。 分析： If 引导条件状语从句，主句中 the safest thing 是主语，to do 是后置定语修饰 thing； is 后接省略 to 的不定式短语 tell the driver right away 作表语（口语中不定式作表语可省略 to）。 ‌3. If there's an emergency, like an accident or a fire, having a clear aisle is very important for saving lives. 中文翻译：如果有紧急情况，比如事故或火灾，保持过道畅通对拯救生命非常重要。 分析： If 引导条件状语从句，主句中 having a clear aisle 是动名词短语作主语； like an accident or a fire 是插入语，举例说明 emergency； for saving lives 是介词短语作状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 risk /rɪsk/ 危险；风险 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ 避免 miss /mɪs/ 错过 safe /seɪf/ 安全的 fall /fɔːl/ 摔倒 emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ 紧急情况 hurt /hɜːt/ 受伤的 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ 交通事故；车祸 drop /drɒp/ 掉落 distract /dɪˈstrækt/ 使分心 push /pʊʃ/ 推 aisle /aɪl/ 过道 Passage2 Catch of a lifetime 一生难得的一次捕获 When Mike was 12 years old, he often went fishing with his father by a lake. There was a sign (指示牌) reading “Fishing is just allowed from 9 am to 4 pm”. One sunny day, Mike and his father started fishing at 10:30 am. They didn’t catch any fish until almost 4 pm. When it was two to four, Dad said, “It’s time for us to leave for home!” But Mike refused. He desired to have another try, hoping to catch something. Suddenly, the fishing rod (鱼竿) shook. Mike knew there was a big fish on the other end because it was difficult for him to pull it out of the water. Mike called his father to help. Together, they caught the big fish. Dad and Mike were excited about their catch. Just then, the father remembered the fishing rule. He looked at his watch and said seriously, “It’s already 4:12 pm. According to the rule, we can only fish until 4:00 pm. We have to put it back.” Mike looked around. No other fishermen or boats were around. “Please keep it. Mum can make it for dinner,” Mike said. The father replied, “We must follow the rules. Even though no one sees us, we should do what is right.” At last Mike put the big fish back into the river. Years later, Mike grew up to become a successful lawyer (律师) in New York. He has never again caught such a big fish as the one he caught that afternoon. But he does see that same “fish” again and again — every time he comes up against a question of ethics (道德原则). 当迈克 12 岁时，他经常和父亲一起去湖边钓鱼。那里有一块指示牌，上面写着“钓鱼活动仅在上午 9 点至下午 4 点期间允许进行”。 在一个阳光明媚的日子里，迈克和他的父亲在上午 10 点 30 分开始钓鱼。直到将近下午 4 点他们都没有钓到任何鱼。当时间快到两点四十分时，爸爸说：“我们该回家了！”但迈克拒绝了。他想要再试一次，希望能钓到什么鱼。 突然，鱼竿晃动起来。迈克知道鱼竿另一端肯定有一条大鱼，因为要把鱼从水里拉出来对他来说非常困难。迈克便叫来了他的父亲来帮忙。他们一起把这条大鱼捕获了。 爸爸和迈克对他们的捕获物感到非常兴奋。就在这时，父亲想起了钓鱼的规则。他看了看手表，严肃地说道：“现在已经下午 4 点 12 分了。按照规则，我们只能钓到 4 点钟为止。我们必须把鱼放回去。” 迈克环顾四周。周围没有其他渔民，也没有其他船只。“请收下吧。妈妈可以用它来做晚餐的。”迈克说道。 父亲回答道：“我们必须遵守规则。即便无人看见我们，我们也应该做正确的事。” 最后，迈克把这条大鱼放回了河里。 多年以后，迈克在纽约成长为一名成功的律师。他再也没有钓到过像那天下午钓到的那样大的鱼了。但他却不断地再次见到那条“鱼”——每当他面临道德原则的问题时，就会再次见到它。 【长难句分析】 1. When Mike was 12 years old, he often went fishing with his father by a lake. 中文翻译：当迈克 12 岁时，他经常和父亲在湖边钓鱼。 分析： When 引导时间状语从句，主句中 went fishing 是固定搭配，表示 “去钓鱼”； with his father by a lake 是介词短语作状语。 2. He desired to have another try, hoping to catch something. 中文翻译：他渴望再试一次，希望能钓到些什么。 分析： He 是主语，desired 是谓语，to have another try 是宾语； hoping to catch something 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，与谓语动作同时发生。 3. Even though no one sees us, we should do what is right.. 中文翻译：即使没有人看到我们，我们也应该做正确的事。 分析： Even though 引导让步状语从句，主句中 what is right 是宾语从句，作 do 的宾语。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 catch /kætʃ/ 抓到 allow /əˈlaʊ/ 允许 refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ 拒绝 excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ 兴奋的 shake /ʃeɪk/ 抖动 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ 律师 seriously /ˈsɪəriəsli/ 严肃地 ethics /ˈeθɪks/ 道德原则 reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ 答复 desire /dɪˈzaɪə(r)/ 渴望 sign /saɪn/ 指示牌 come up against /kʌm ʌp əˈɡenst/ 遇到 Passage3 Snack Rules 零食规则 Probably you grew up with a stop-snacking mom. That is a mom who tells her kids that snacks are bad. They will make you fat. They will hurt your teeth. Well, Mom may be right about most things, but she is not right about all snacks. There is actually a healthy way to snack. In fact, snacking the right way can keep you healthier! The right snacks can keep you from eating too much at dinner and keep you from getting fat. The first rule about snacking is to make your own. Don't buy snacks that are already wrapped and sold in stores. Most of those snacks have too much sugar and salt in them. The second rule about snacking is to eat things that take longer for your body to process. Things like bread and crackers are processed quickly by your body. Have some cheese or yogurt to go along with some bread, and you've got a winning snack. The third rule about snacking is to remember water. Especially when you are working, it is easy to mistake being tired for being hungry. And you might not really be hungry at all. Your body might just be trying to tell you to drink some water. Have a bottle of water before you pull out another snack. That might be all you really need. With one or two snack breaks during your day, you will probably find that you eat less at lunch and dinner. Smaller meals will help you cut down the amount of food you eat during your day. And eating less is a great way to start losing weight. 或许你从小就生活在一位不许吃零食的妈妈身边。这位妈妈会告诉孩子们零食是不好的，它们会让你发胖，还会损害牙齿。不过，妈妈在大多数事情上的看法可能是正确的，但并非所有零食都是如此。其实，有健康的方式来吃零食。事实上，正确地吃零食能让你更健康！正确的零食能防止你在晚餐时吃得过多，也能避免发胖。 关于吃零食的首要规则是自己动手准备。不要购买那些已经包装好并在商店里出售的零食。大多数这类零食都含有过多的糖和盐。 关于吃零食的第二条规则是选择那些需要较长时间被身体消化的食物。像面包和饼干这类食物被身体消化的速度较快。吃一些奶酪或酸奶，再配上一些面包，这样你就有了一个成功的零食选择。 关于吃零食的第三条规则是要记得喝水。尤其是在工作时，很容易将疲劳误认为是饥饿。而且你可能根本不是真的饿。你的身体可能只是在试图告诉你需要喝点水。在拿出另一份零食之前，先喝一瓶水。这可能就是你真正需要的全部了。 如果在一天中安排一两次小的零食时间，你可能会发现午餐和晚餐的食量会减少。少吃一些食物有助于控制一天中的饮食量。而且少吃食物是开始减肥的好方法。 【长难句分析】 1. There is actually a healthy way to snack. In fact, snacking the right way can keep you healthier! 中文翻译：实际上有一种健康的吃零食方式。事实上，以正确的方式吃零食可以让你更健康！ 分析： 第一句是 There be 句型，to snack 是后置定语修饰 way； 第二句中 snacking the right way 是动名词短语作主语，keep you healthier 是 “keep + 宾语 + 形容词比较级” 结构，表示 “使某人更……”。 2. Don't buy snacks that are already wrapped and sold in stores. 中文翻译：不要买那些在商店里已经包装好并出售的零食。 分析： 这是祈使句的否定形式，that 引导定语从句修饰 snacks，从句中 are wrapped and sold 是被动语态，表示 “被包装和出售”。 3. Especially when you are working, it is easy to mistake being tired for being hungry. 中文翻译：特别是当你工作的时候，很容易把疲劳误认为是饥饿。 分析： when 引导时间状语从句，主句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语 to mistake being tired for being hungry； mistake A for B 是固定搭配，表示 “把 A 误认为是 B”。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 snack /snæk/ 零食；吃零食 hungry /ˈhʌŋɡri/ 饥饿的 wrap /ræp/ 包裹 tired /ˈtaɪəd/ 疲劳的 process /ˈprəʊses/ 消化；处理 amount /əˈmaʊnt/ 数量 cracker /ˈkrækə(r)/ 饼干 weight /weɪt/ 重量 yogurt /ˈjɒɡət/ 酸奶 lose /luːz/ 失去；减肥 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ 误认为；错误 healthy /ˈhelθi/ 健康的 实战演练 Passage1 Harry is a boy from the USA．He is the only child of his parents, but his mother is 1 with him. His mother always asks him to do many things. He has to help his mother do housework like cleaning the room, doing the 2 and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t need to do housework. Harry feels awful and wants to 3 the rules with his mother. One day, Harry plays basketball for an hour after school, and he gets home 4 . Harry’s mother worries about him and scolds (责备) him after he 5 home. Harry says, “Rules! Rules! Rules! 6 do you make so many rules for me?” “Don’t you know I make the rules to 7 you? I hope you can look after yourself when I am 8 ,” his mother says. 9 hearing his mother’s words, Harry says sorry to his mother. And he learns to do housework, so he can do many things by himself now. Sometimes, our parents make rules for us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to 10 their love to us. 1．A．important B．strict C．friendly D．afraid 2．A．uniforms B．kitchen C．dishes D．exercise 3．A．talk about B．write down C．think of D．ask for 4．A．early B．quietly C．luckily D．late 5．A．leaves B．saves C．arrives D．misses 6．A．What B．How C．Why D．When 7．A．stop B．help C．follow D．feel 8．A．beautiful B．relaxed C．scary D．busy 9．A．Before B．Between C．Over D．After 10．A．remember B．use C．show D．lend 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了男孩哈里觉得妈妈对自己要求严格、制定很多规则，后来明白妈妈是为了帮助自己，规则是妈妈表达爱的另一种方式的故事。 1．句意：哈里是父母唯一的孩子，但妈妈对他很严格。 important重要的；strict严格的；friendly友好的；afraid害怕的。根据“but”可知，前后分句是转折关系，前文说哈里是父母唯一的孩子，故可推测此处指妈妈对他很严格。故选B。 2．句意：他得帮妈妈做家务，像打扫房间、洗碗和整理床铺。 uniforms制服；kitchen厨房；dishes盘子，餐具；exercise锻炼。根据“housework”可知，此处是列举哈里要做的家务，故是洗盘子。故选C。 3．句意：哈里感觉很糟糕，想和妈妈谈论这些规则。 talk about谈论；write down写下；think of想起；ask for请求，要求。根据“the rules with his mother”可知，此处指和母亲谈一谈规则。故选A。 4．句意：一天，哈里放学后打了一个小时篮球，然后回家晚了。 early早地；quietly安静地；luckily幸运地；late晚地。根据“Harry plays basketball for an hour after school…Harry’s mother worries about him and scolds him”可知，上文提到哈里打了一小时篮球，下文说妈妈责备他，故可推知是到家晚了。故选D。 5．句意：哈里的妈妈很担心他，在他到家后责备了他。 leaves离开；saves拯救，节省；arrives到达；misses想念，错过。根据“after he…home.”可知，妈妈责备哈里是在他到家之后。故选C。 6．句意：你为什么给我制定这么多规则？ What什么；How怎样；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据“Don’t you know I make the rules to…”可知，下文妈妈解释了制定规则的原因，故此处哈里是询问为什么。故选C。 7．句意：你不知道我制定规则是为了帮助你吗？ stop停止；help帮助；follow跟随，遵守；feel感觉。根据“I hope you can look after yourself”可知，后文提到妈妈希望哈里能照顾自己，可知规则是为了帮助他，故选B。 8．句意：我希望当我忙碌的时候，你能照顾自己。 beautiful美丽的；relaxed放松的；scary可怕的；busy忙碌的。根据“I hope you can look after yourself”可知，此处指妈妈忙碌时，希望哈里能自理。故选D。 9．句意：听了妈妈的话后，哈里向妈妈道了歉。 Before在……之前；Between在……之间；Over在……上方，超过；After在……之后。根据“Harry says sorry to his mother”可知，哈里道歉是在听完妈妈的解释之后。故选D。 10．句意：这只是他们向我们表达爱的另一种方式。 remember记得；use使用；show展示；lend借出。根据“…their love to us”可知，此处指父母表达爱意的方式。故选C。 Passage 2 Swimming is a great way to stay healthy and have fun! But it can be dangerous if we don’t do it the right way. In China, drowning (溺水) is the main cause of accidental death (意外身亡) among children and teenagers. So, let’s learn some easy tips to swim safely. ◆Warm Up Before You Swim One of the most important things you can do to stay safe while swimming is to warm up before you get into the water. You can do simple exercises like jumping jacks, arm circles, and leg swings to get your body ready for swimming. ◆Learn to Swim in a Right Way If you don’t know how to swim, take lessons from a professional coach (专业教练). Even if you can swim a little, learning the right skills can help you stay safe in the water. ◆Build a Strong Body Strength training is great for swimmers too! Simple exercises at home, like jump rope or sit-ups, can be very beneficial. They can help make your body stronger, and even improve your swimming skills. ◆Know What to Do in an Emergency (紧急情况) Always swim in safe places like swimming pools or beaches where there are lifeguards (救生员). If someone is drowning, don’t try to save them by yourself. Call for help instead or use a long stick or a rope to pull them to a safe place. If you’re in trouble, stay calm and float (漂浮) on your back until help arrives. Remember, swimming is a great way to keep healthy and have fun, but always follow these tips to be safe. 1．Why is warming up important before swimming? A．To help swim faster. B．To improve swimming skills. C．To help lose weight. D．To get ready for swimming. 2．According to the passage, which exercise is good for building strength? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “beneficial” mean in the passage? A．Useful. B．Scary. C．Beautiful. D．Terrible. 4．What can you learn from the passage? A．People don’t need to warm up before swimming. B．Learning the right swimming skills can help you keep safe in the water. C．Swimming in rivers is always safe for good swimmers. D．If someone is drowning, jump into the water and save them by yourself. 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．A student’s diary. B．An English learning app. C．A health magazine. D．A storybook. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出游泳是保持健康和娱乐的好方式，但存在危险，溺水是中国儿童和青少年意外身亡的主要原因，随后从游泳前热身、正确学习游泳、增强体质、应对紧急情况四个方面介绍了安全游泳的小贴士。 1．细节理解题。根据“One of the most important things you can do to stay safe while swimming is to warm up before you get into the water. You can do simple exercises like jumping jacks, arm circles, and leg swings to get your body ready for swimming.”可知，游泳前热身是为了让身体为游泳做好准备，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Strength training is great for swimmers too! Simple exercises at home, like jump rope or sit-ups, can be very beneficial.”可知，跳绳或仰卧起坐这类锻炼有助于增强体质，选项C图片是跳绳运动，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Strength training is great for swimmers too! Simple exercises at home, like jump rope or sit-ups, can be very beneficial. They can help make your body stronger, and even improve your swimming skills.”可知，跳绳、仰卧起坐能让身体更强壮，还能提升游泳技巧，说明这些锻炼是有用的，“beneficial”意为“有用的”，与“Useful”意思相近，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Even if you can swim a little, learning the right skills can help you stay safe in the water.”可知，学习正确的游泳技巧有助于在水中保持安全，B选项表述正确，故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Swimming is a great way to stay healthy and have fun! But it can be dangerous if we don’t do it the right way... So, let’s learn some easy tips to swim safely.”可知，文章围绕“游泳与健康安全”展开，介绍安全游泳的方法，最可能来自健康杂志，故选C。 Passage 3 There are many rules in our school library, 1 They also help make sure every student can use the library fairly (公平地) and easily. 2 For example, we can’t bring food or drinks into the library. This is because crumbs or spills might damage book pages and make them hard to read. Rules about the reading environment are also important. If we talk loudly or make noise, 3 So, the library asks everyone to speak quietly—this way, no one gets disturbed (打扰) while reading or studying. Another key rule is about borrowing books: each student can only take three books home at once. This rule helps share the books fairly among all students. 4 For example, when doing a research project (研究项目), some students might need more than three books to use as references (参考). 5 Even though some rules seem strict, they finally create a clean and respectful space for everyone to enjoy books. A．But it’s not always good for students. B．it will make others not focus on learning. C．and these rules help keep everything in order. D．Following rules is very important in every part of our lives. E．These rules are about keeping books safe, keeping quiet, and borrowing books. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了学校图书馆的规章制度，并解释了这些规则如何帮助维护公平有序的阅读环境。 1．根据上文“There are many rules in our school library”和下文“They also help make sure every student can use the library fairly and easily.”可推知，空处应说明规则的作用。选项C“并且这些规则帮助维持一切有序。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据下文“For example, we can’t bring food or drinks into the library...Rules about the reading environment are also important...Another key rule is about borrowing books: each student can only take three books home at once.”可知，这些规则涉及保护图书、阅读环境和借阅限制。选项E“这些规则涉及图书保护、保持安静和借阅书籍。”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“If we talk loudly or make noise”可推知，空处应说明大声说话和制造噪音带来的影响。选项B“它会让其他人无法专注于学习。”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“This rule helps share the books fairly among all students.”和下文“For example, when doing a research project (研究项目), some students might need more than three books to use as references (参考).”可推知，借书限制虽公平，但对部分学生来说可能不够用。选项A“但它并不总是对学生有利。”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据下文“Even though some rules seem strict, they finally create a clean and respectful space for everyone to enjoy books.”可推知，虽然有些规则看似严格，但是遵守规则很重要。选项D“遵守规则在我们生活的每个部分都非常重要。”符合语境，故选D。 Passage 4 Classroom rules are important for students. With the rules, students know how to behave (表现) at school. So they need to know about the rules at the beginning of a new term. Usually schools and teachers make the rules. But some classes try a different way. 43 students of Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School make their classroom rules. Each student writes down the rules. They think the rules can help make their class a good one. Then they talk about the rules. The rule-making activity lasts about a month. Finally the class has 30 rules. And then the rule-makers write down their names on the rule poster (海报). After that, they put up the poster on the wall. “Be polite and helpful”, “No phone calls in class” and “Don’t litter” are three examples. The rules work well in the class because students think they are the rule-makers and they have to follow them. 1．When should students know about the classroom rules? (No more than 7 words) ________________________________________________ 2．Who makes the rules for Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School? (No more than 8 words.) ________________________________________________ 3．How long does the rule-making activity last? (No more than 3 words) ________________________________________________ 4．How many rules does Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School have? (No more than 2 words) ________________________________________________ 5．Do you think the rules work well? (No more than 3 words) ________________________________________________ 【答案】1．At the beginning of a new term. 2．The students of Class 12, Grade 3. 4．About a month. 5．30 rules. 6．Yes, they do. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了武汉第六中学七年级12班的学生们自己制定班级规则的过程以及这些规则在班级中的实施效果。 1．根据“So they need to know about the rules at the beginning of a new term.”可知，学生应该在新学期开始时了解班级规则。故填At the beginning of a new term。 2．根据“43 students of Class 12, Grade 7 in Wuhan No.6 Middle School make their classroom rules.”可知，是七年级12班的学生制定了这些规则。故填The students of Class 12, Grade 7。 3．根据“The rule-making activity lasts about a month.”可知，规则制定活动持续大约一个月。故填About a month。 4．根据“Finally the class has 30 rules.”可知，七年级12班有30条规则。故填30 rules。 5．根据文章最后一段“The rules work well in the class because students think they are the rule-makers and they have to follow them.”可知，这些规则在班级中效果很好。故填Yes, they do。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $