精品解析：上海市格致中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次测验英语试卷

上海市格致中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次测验 英语试卷 （测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fifth-generation Combat Planes Displayed on China’s Military Parade The People’s Liberation Army has displayed all types of its fifth-generation combat planes on active duty for the first time via the grand parade on Wednesday, a move that observers say ____1____ (intend) to show its world-class air prowess. All of the five models — the J-20, J-20A, J-20S and J-35A of the PLA Air Force as well as the PLA Navy’s J-35 — thundered past the Tian’anmen Square in central Beijing as they flew in several arrowhead-shaped groups around the end of a 70-minute parade, ____2____ (mark) the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War. Wang Yanan, chief editor of Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told China Daily that this is the first time in the history of the People’s Republic of China that so much new hardware ____3____ (send) to a parade. “____4____ we have seen is an unprecedented unveiling of China’s domestically developed weaponry such as those new aircraft. All of these previously unseen weapons have state-of-the-art designs and superior capabilities, and have tremendously enhanced the Chinese armed forces’ overall strength,” Wang said. The J-20S, like other members of the J-20 series, was designed by the Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute. The twin-seat plane is characterized by its supreme ability to seize superiority in air combat, carry out precision strikes ____5____ land and sea targets, and perform battlefield situational awareness, electronic jamming as well as tactical command and control The twin-seat variant (变体) can have a backup flight-control system ____6____ (install) for the backseat operator to use ____7____ the main system malfunctions or is damaged in action, or the front-seat pilot becomes incapacitated. The J-20A, ____8____ J-20 variant, has several external differences from the baseline model: an enlarged spine, reshaped nosecone, and modified engine intakes optimized for new, mightier engines developed by Chinese engineers on their own. Its engines are widely believed to have thrust (推力) vector control technology ____9____ provides significant benefits in flight maneuverability (机动性). The technology enables a pilot to adjust the engine exhaust nozzles (喷口) ____10____ (redirect) thrust, allowing the plane to carry out previously unimaginable maneuvers at very high angles of attack, meaning its nose is pointed at an angle greatly exceeding the jet’s current vector. 【答案】1. is intended 2. marking 3. has been sent 4. What 5. against##on 6. installed 7. in case 8. another 9. that##which 10. to redirect 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国阅兵展示的第五代战机及其先进性能与技术创新。 【1题详解】 考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意：中国人民解放军周三通过盛大的阅兵式首次展示了所有现役的第五代战斗机，观察人士称此举旨在展示其世界级的空中实力。此处为非限制性定语从句中的谓语，intend与先行词move之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态，根据say可知，此处应使用一般现在时，从句主语that指代先行词move，为单数意义，所以be动词使用is。故填is intended。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人民解放军空军的歼-20、歼-20A、歼-20S和歼-35A以及海军的歼-35等五种型号的飞机，在70分钟的阅兵式结束时，分成几个箭头形状的编队飞过北京市中心的天安门广场，标志着中国人民抗日战争（1931-45年）和世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。此处为非谓语动词作状语，mark与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填marking。 【3题详解】 考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意：《航空航天知识》杂志主编王亚楠告诉《中国日报》，这是中华人民共和国历史上首次有如此多的新硬件参加阅兵。此处为谓语动词，结合语意可知，此处表示“被送去”，所以使用被动语态，根据时间状语in the history of the People’s Republic of China可知，此处应使用现在完成时，主语hardware为不可数名词，所以助动词使用has。故填has been sent。 【4题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：我们所看到的是中国自主研发的武器前所未有的亮相，比如那些新飞机。此处为连接代词引导的表语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，此处表示“我们看到的”，所以使用连接代词what，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意：双座飞机以其在空战中夺取优势、对陆地和海上目标进行精确打击以及执行战场态势感知、电子干扰以及战术指挥和控制方面的卓越能力而著称。结合语意可知，此处表示“对陆地和海上目标进行精确打击”，所以使用介词against/on表示“对”。故填against/on。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：双座变体可以安装一个备用飞行控制系统，供后座操作员在主系统发生故障或在行动中受损时使用，或者前座飞行员丧失能力时使用。此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，install与逻辑主语system之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式installed。故填installed。 【7题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：双座变体可以安装一个备用飞行控制系统，供后座操作员在主系统发生故障或在行动中受损时使用，或者前座飞行员丧失能力时使用。结合语意可知，此处表示“以防”，所以使用固定短语in case。故填in case。 【8题详解】 考查限定词。句意：歼-20A是歼-20的另一个变体，与基线型号有几个外部差异：扩大的脊背、重新设计的鼻锥和修改后的发动机进气口，为中国工程师自主开发的新型、更强大的发动机进行了优化。结合语意可知，此处表示“另一个变体”，所以使用限定词another。故填another。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，它的发动机具有推力矢量控制技术，这种技术可以显著提高飞行机动性。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为technology，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项技术使飞行员能够调整发动机排气喷口以重新引导推力，使飞机能够以非常高的攻角进行以前难以想象的机动，这意味着飞机的机头指向的角度大大超过了飞机当前的矢量。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合语意可知，此处表示“为了重新引导推力”，所以使用动词不定式形式，表目的。故填to redirect。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. approved B. reliably C. reserve D. contributing E. frustrated F. underscheduled G. dramatically H. availability I. inconsistent J. foresee K. amounting How Part-time Jobs Became A Trap Several years ago, to research the novel I was writing, I spent six months working in the warehouse of a big-box store. As a supporter of the Fight for $15, I expected my co-workers to be ____11____ that starting pay at the store was just $12.25 an hour. In fact, I found them to be less concerned about the wage than about the irregular hours. The store, like much of the American retail sector, used just-in-time scheduling to track customer flow on an hourly basis and ____12____ staffing needs at any given moment. We’d be scheduled for four hours one week and 30 the next. For my co-workers, these ____13____ paychecks made it nearly impossible to get an auto loan or to be ____14____ for a lease or rental on an apartment, let alone to save money. In recent years, instead of assigning employees too many hours, large corporations routinely give them too few, hiring multiple part-time staff in place of one full-time worker. These workers aren’t entitled to benefits and are subject to ____15____ fluctuating (波动的) schedules from week to week. The most obvious reason employers favor part-time labor is to avoid paying benefits. Starbucks, for example, talks up its generous benefits. But the median Starbucks worker made just $14,674 last year, ____16____ to about19 hours a week, just shy of the 20 hours a week that the company requires to be qualified for those benefits. Besides, with a part-time workforce, employers can schedule the bare-minimum number of worker hours needed on a given day. If business turns out to be busier than expected, they have a ____17____ of part-time workers to call on at the last minute. Therefore, the workers have to be not merely part-time but also ____18____ — so desperate for more hours that they will ____19____ come in at the last minute. Human-resources departments usually tell workers that the way to get more hours is to increase their ____20____ — that is, if you want more hours at one job, you’re advised to promise to be on call whenever you may be wanted. 【答案】11. E 12. J 13. I 14. A 15. G 16. K 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. H 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国兼职工作沦为陷阱的现状，分析企业通过灵活排班、少排工时降低成本，导致兼职者收入不稳、难以享受福利的问题。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为“争取15美元时薪运动”的支持者，我本以为同事们会因门店起薪仅为每小时12.25美元而感到沮丧。be后接形容词作表语，结合语境表示“沮丧的、懊恼的”，frustrated符合题意。故选E。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：该门店和美国大部分零售行业一样，采用即时排班制每小时跟踪客流量，预见任一时刻的人员配置需求。空处与track并列，同为不定式作目的状语，用动词原形，表示“预见、预知”，foresee符合题意。故选J。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对我的同事们来说，这些不稳定的薪水让他们几乎无法获得汽车贷款，也不可能获得租赁或出租公寓的批准，更不用说存钱了。空处修饰名词paychecks，用形容词，结合前文工时忽多忽少的内容，表示“不稳定的、不一致的”，inconsistent符合题意。故选I。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：对我的同事们来说，这些不稳定的薪水让他们几乎无法获得汽车贷款，也不可能获准租住一套公寓，更不用说存钱了。be approved for为固定搭配，表示“被批准、获准”，符合“申请租赁”的语境，故选A。 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些员工无权享受福利，而且每周的工作安排会出现大幅波动。空处修饰形容词fluctuating，用副词，表示“大幅地、显著地”，dramatically符合题意。故选G。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但去年星巴克普通员工去年的收入中位数仅为14674美元，相当于每周工作约19小时，略低于该公司规定的享受福利所需的每周20小时工作时长。amount to为固定搭配，表示“相当于、总计达”，此处用现在分词amounting作伴随状语，与逻辑主语为主动关系，故选K。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果生意比预期的忙，他们有一批兼职员工可以在最后一刻叫来上班。a reserve of为固定搭配，表示“一批、储备的……”，符合题意，故选C。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此，这些员工不仅得是兼职，还得是工作时间被排得不足的人——他们迫切需要更多的工作时间，所以肯定会在最后一刻赶来上班。空处与part-time并列作表语，用形容词，结合后文“渴望更多工时”的内容，表示“工时被排得过少的”，underscheduled符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：因此，这些员工不仅得是兼职，还得是工作时间被排得不足的人——他们迫切需要更多的工作时间，所以肯定会在最后一刻赶来上班。空处修饰动词短语come in，用副词，表示“可靠地、肯定地”，reliably符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：人力资源部门通常会告诉员工，想要获得更多工时的方法是提高自己的可出勤性。空处作increase的宾语，用名词，结合后文“随叫随到”的内容，表示“可利用性、可出勤性”，availability符合题意。故选H。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Like many of the researchers who study how people find their way from place to place, David Uttal is a poor navigator. The world is full of people like Uttal — and their ____21____, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are. Scientists sometimes measure navigational ability by asking someone to point toward an out-of-sight location — or, more ____22____, to imagine they are someplace else and point in the direction of a third location — and it's obvious that some people are better at it than others. “People are never perfect, but someone can be as ____23____as single-degree off, which is incredible,” says Nora Newcombe, a cognitive psychologist at Temple University, But others, when asked to indicate the target’s direction, seem to point at random. “They have literally no idea where it is. ” While it’s easy to show that people ____24____ in navigational ability, it has proved much harder for scientists to explain why. Research suggests that to some extent, navigation skills are shaped by ____25____. The importance of a person’s environment is underscored by a recent look at the role of ____26____ in navigation. In 2020, Margherita Malanchini, a psychologist at Queen Mary University of London, and her colleagues compared the performance of more than 2,600 identical and nonidentical twins as they navigated through a virtual environment, to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found but only ____27____. Instead, the biggest contributor to people's performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors” — that is, the ____28____experiences each person accumulates as their life unfolds. ____29____factors were also associated with wayfinding skills, they found. ____30____ , people from Nordic countries tended to be slightly better navigators. It is perhaps because the sport of cross-country running is ____31____ in those countries. Country folk did better, on average, than people from cities. And among city-dwellers, those from cities with ____32____ street networks such as those in the older parts of European cities did better than those from cities like Chicago, where the streets form a regular grid. Results like these suggest that an individual’s life experience may be one of the biggest determinants of how well they navigate. ____33____, many even underlie one of the most consistent findings — and cliches — in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than of ____34____ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no difference in navigation. In contrast, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural ____35____imposed on exploring their environment on their own, such as Middle Eastern countries. 21. A. opposites B. counterparts C. admirers D. rivals 22. A. systematic B. challenging C. surprising D. realistic 23. A. precise B. reliable C. responsible D. crucial 24. A. engage B. struggle C. develop D. differ 25. A. practice B. upbringing C. nature D. tradition 26. A. memory B. cognition C. behavior D. genetics 27. A. predictably B. gradually C. modestly D. mistakenly 28. A. concrete B. practical C. unique D. valuable 29. A. Political B. Ecological C. Economic D. Cultural 30. A. For example B. As such C. After all D. By contrast 31. A. recreational B. extreme C. popular D. competitive 32. A. narrow B. chaotic C. efficient D. extensive 33. A. Therefore B. Indeed C. However D. Otherwise 34. A. inborn B. intellectual C. spatial D. academic 35. A. identities B. expectations C. differences D. restrictions 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了导航能力存在个体差异，且受成长环境、文化等多种非遗传因素影响。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界上有很多像乌塔尔这样的人——还有他们的对立面，那些似乎总是确切知道自己位置的人。A. opposites对立面；B. counterparts对应的人/物；C. admirers崇拜者；D. rivals对手。根据上文“David Uttal is a poor navigator.”和下文“the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are”可知，此处指两种截然相反的人。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家有时通过让某人指向一个看不见的地方来测量导航能力——或者，更具挑战性的是，让他们想象自己在另一个地方，并指向第三个地方的方向——很明显，有些人在这方面比其他人更好。A. systematic系统的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. realistic现实的。根据下文“to imagine they are someplace else and point in the direction of a third location”可知，让某人想象自己在另一个地方，并指向第三个地方的方向，这是更具挑战性的测量导航能力的方式。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人从来都不是完美的，但有人可以精确到偏差只有一度，这令人难以置信。A. precise精确的；B. reliable可靠的；C. responsible负责的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据下文“as single-degree off, which is incredible”可知，此处指有人可以精确到偏差只有一度。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很容易证明人们在导航能力上存在差异，但科学家们要解释为什么却要困难得多。A. engage参与；B. struggle挣扎；C. develop发展；D. differ不同。根据上文“But others, when asked to indicate the target’s direction, seem to point at random. “They have literally no idea where it is. ””可知，人们在导航能力上存在差异。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，在某种程度上，导航能力是由先天因素塑造的。A. practice练习；B. upbringing教养，成长环境；C. nature自然；D. tradition传统。根据下文实验探究“to test whether navigational ability runs in families.”可知，此处先提及导航能力可能与先天因素相关，为下文基因研究做铺垫。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年，伦敦大学玛丽皇后学院的心理学家玛格丽塔·马拉基尼和她的同事比较了2600多对同卵和非同卵双胞胎在虚拟环境中的导航表现，以测试导航能力是否在家族中遗传。A. memory记忆；B. cognition认知；C. behavior行为；D. genetics遗传学。根据下文“In 2020, Margherita Malanchini, a psychologist at Queen Mary University of London, and her colleagues compared the performance of more than 2,600 identical and nonidentical twins as they navigated through a virtual environment, to test whether navigational ability runs in families.”可知，研究双胞胎是为了测试导航能力是否在家族中遗传。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们发现确实如此，但只是适度相关。A. predictably可预测地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. modestly适度地；D. mistakenly错误地。根据下文“Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors””可知，导航能力在家族中遗传只是适度相关。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，对人们表现的最大贡献是遗传学家所说的“非共享环境因素”，也就是说，每个人在生活中积累的独特经历。A. concrete具体的；B. practical实际的；C. unique独特的；D. valuable有价值的。根据上文“the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors””可知，非共享环境因素指的是每个人在生活中积累的独特经历。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们发现，文化因素也与寻路技能有关。A. Political政治的；B. Ecological生态的；C. Economic经济的；D. Cultural文化的。根据下文“people from Nordic countries tended to be slightly better navigators”以及“that men tend to perform better than women turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than of ____ ability.”可知，文化因素与寻路技能有关。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，北欧国家的人往往是稍微好一点的导航员。A. For example例如；B. As such就其本身而言；C. After all毕竟；D. By contrast相比之下。根据下文“people from Nordic countries tended to be slightly better navigators”可知，此处是在举例说明文化因素与寻路技能有关。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可能是因为越野跑在这些国家很受欢迎。A. recreational娱乐的；B. extreme极端的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. competitive竞争的。根据上文“It is perhaps because the sport of cross-country running”以及语境可知，此处表示原因可能是越野跑在北欧国家很受欢迎。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在城市居民中，那些来自街道网络混乱的城市（如欧洲城市的老城区）的人比那些来自像芝加哥这样街道形成规则网格的城市的人表现得更好。A. narrow狭窄的；B. chaotic混乱的；C. efficient高效的；D. extensive广泛的。根据下文“such as those in the older parts of European cities did better than those from cities like Chicago, where the streets form a regular grid.”可知，此处是在对比欧洲城市老城区街道网络的混乱与芝加哥街道的规则网格。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些结果甚至可能构成导航领域一个最为一致、也最为陈词滥调的发现——即男性往往比女性表现更好——背后的原因；这一性别差距与其说是与生俱来的能力差异，不如说更多是文化和经验所致。A. Therefore因此；B. Indeed确实；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文“many even underlie one of the most consistent findings — and cliches — in navigation”可知，这是对上文“an individual’s life experience may be one of the biggest determinants of how well they navigate”的进一步说明，表示事实如此。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，许多甚至是一个在导航方面最一致的发现——以及陈词滥调——的基础：男性往往比女性表现得更好，结果发现，这种性别差距与其说是与生俱来的能力问题，不如说是文化和经验问题。A. inborn天生的；B. intellectual智力的；C. spatial空间的；D. academic学术的。根据上文“that men tend to perform better than women turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than”可知，性别差距不是天生的能力问题，而是文化和经验问题。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，在女性面临独自探索环境所受到的文化限制的地方，如中东国家，男性的表现远远好于女性。A. identities身份；B. expectations期待；C. differences差异；D. restrictions限制。根据下文“imposed on exploring their environment on their own”可知，此处指女性面临独自探索环境所受到的文化限制。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The fire raced through Lahaina last August so fast that it killed 100 people and destroyed more than 2,200 buildings. It left more than 7,000 people without their possessions and in need of shelter. That afternoon, Kalyn Lepre, a 36-year-old nutritional therapist, grabbed her wallet and drove out of town. She lost everything else in her four-bedroom house: clothes, documents, jewelry and seven surfboards. Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. “I was so in love with that board,” she says. Jud Lau understood. The 53-year-old Maui native has been riding the waves since he was a teenager, and he’s been building surfboards for the last 15 years. He knows the value of a good surfboard. “A surfboard is part of your whole being especially in Hawaii, where surfing originated,” he says. “Losing a board is like losing a part of your soul. ” So, wanting to help the victims in some way, he started thinking about all the surfers who had lost their boards. “And I thought, that’s my area of expertise,” he says. “Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. ” He realized he could give that back to them. Lau started by connecting people who wanted to donate extra boards to those who had lost theirs, about 200 boards total. Friends in Oahu and California collected another 550 boards and shipped them to Maui for Lau to distribute. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custom boards designed to accommodate their size or the type of waves they ride. So Lau turned to cash donations — raising about $20,000 — to cover the cost of materials for shaping custom boards to give away. Donating his labor, he made more than 40 boards that typically would have retailed for $ 600 to S1,500 each. He also persuaded the other shapers on the island, about a dozen of them, to make at least one board each, providing around 20 more surfboards. The recipients of Lau’s efforts include Lepre. She messaged him what she’d lost and he shaped her a high-performance, 9-foot, single-fin board with a sunset fading from yellow to orange and “Lahaina” in deep red letters in the middle. “I cried when I saw it.” Lepre says, “He created an art piece for me, and this tool would help me move forward. ” The new board allowed her to get back in the water and start healing. 36. According to the passage, what does surfing mean to Kalyn Lepre? A. It’s critical to her mental health. B. It’s optional in her everyday life. C. It’s a casual form of exercise for her. D. It’s her vital means of making a living. 37. In the second paragraph, the underlined word “heart-wrenching” is closest in meaning to ________. A. distracting B. frightening C. distressing D. puzzling 38. What can be inferred about Jud Lau’s motivation to help fire victims? A. He wanted to profit from selling surfboards B. He aimed to promote his surfboard business C. He believed surfing could aid emotional recovery D. He was ordered by local authorities to take action 39. The passage is mainly concerned with ________. A. the destructive force of a fire in Lahaina B. the significance of surfing for Hawaiian people C. how Kalyn Lepre overcame the grief of losing a surfboard D. how Jud Lau helped those who lost their surfboards in the fire 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. C 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了拉海纳大火后，冲浪板制作师Jud Lau通过捐赠、定制冲浪板，帮助受灾冲浪者走出伤痛的暖心故事。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. (勒普几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是她快乐的源泉，也是维持心理健康的方式)”可知，对冲浪对她的心理健康至关重要。故选A。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. (勒普几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是她快乐的源泉，也是维持心理健康的方式。看着自己的冲浪板化为一堆纤维，尤其是她珍爱的淡蓝色定制长板，是heart-wrenching)”可知，勒普喜欢冲浪，所以看到珍爱的冲浪板化为纤维，这是令人悲痛的，heart-wrenching表示“令人悲痛的”，与distressing含义相近。故选C。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. (对冲浪者来说，冲浪是一种治愈的方式——融入大海，与大自然相连)”可知，他认为冲浪能帮助情感恢复，这是他助人的动机。故选C。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Jud Lau在拉海纳火灾后，通过收集捐赠的冲浪板、筹集资金制作定制冲浪板等方式，帮助那些失去冲浪板的火灾受害者重新获得冲浪板，让他们能够继续冲浪，进行情感恢复。故选D。 (B) 144-Hour Visa Free Transit in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu Shanghai and the nearby provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang allow travelers from 54 countries (such as the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, Canada, and Australia) to stay in certain cities for up to 144 hours (6 days) without applying for a Chinese travel visa to experience local culture and life. You can enjoy a journey in China more easily. Click here to have a glimpse of the complete list of all 54 countries. The 8 Eligible Transit Ports for 144-hour Visa Free Transit - You enter and leave from one of the eligible ports of entry. - Your arrival port and departure port can be different. For example, you can arrive in Shanghai and leave from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The Eligible Transit Routes for 144-hour Visa-free Travel You must be in transit to a third country or region (Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan are included among possible third regions). For example, the USA to Shanghai to Taiwan is acceptable for a 144-hour transit visa in Shanghai, but the USA for Shanghai to the USA is not. How to Apply for the 144-hour Visa-free Transit in Shanghai 1) Pre-register your entry information in advance via the “144-Hour Transit Visa Exemption(豁免)Application E-System” and complete the information declaration. 2) Upon arrival at the Shanghai port, you can use the self-service machine to automatically print the Arrival Card. 3) Locate the dedicated lanes for 144-hour visa-exemption transit passengers within the entry inspection areas after arrival. 4) Present your valid passport, onward ticket to a third country or region, and completed arrival card. Inform the immigration officer about your intention to use the 144-hour visa-free transit. They will verify your eligibility and issue a temporary entry permit. 5) Claim your luggage and go through customs as normal. 6) Departure from a designated port before midnight on the sixth full day. There is nothing different in leaving China normally. Hand over your temporary departure card at security completed. 40. Mike, an American travel vlogger, is going to visit China. What can be TRUE about his journey? A. He is allowed to travel within any Chinese city during his 144-hour visa-free period. B. He must go to the ticket office in person to print the Arrival Card upon his arrival. C. He is required to claim his baggage before proceeding to an appointed area for 144-hour visa-free transit passengers. D. He might arrive at PVG at 6:00 A. M. on Nov. 18 and leave from NGB at 11:58 P. M. on Nov. 23. 41. Which of the following routes qualifies for 144-hour Visa-free Travel? A. France➡Nanjing➡France B. Australia➡Macau➡Shanghai C. Canada➡Hangzhou➡Taiwan D. Hong Kong➡Ningbo➡Japan 42. Where can you find this material? A. In a book about China. B. On a website. C. On a noticeboard. D. In a travel brochure. 【答案】40. D 41. C 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了上海、浙江、江苏144小时过境免签政策，包括适用国家、入境口岸、路线要求及申请步骤。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How to Apply for the 144-hour Visa-free Transit in Shanghai”部分的步骤6中“Departure from a designated port before midnight on the sixth full day. (必须在第六天午夜前从指定口岸离境。)”可知，旅客需在第六天午夜前离开。Mike于11月18日上午6:00到达上海浦东机场，11月23日晚上11:58从宁波栎社机场离境，时间在第六天午夜前，符合规定。故选D。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Eligible Transit Routes for 144-hour Visa-free Travel”部分中“You must be in transit to a third country or region (Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan are included among possible third regions). (您必须是在前往第三国或地区的途中，（香港、澳门和台湾被包括在内的可能的第三地区。）)”以及举例“For example, the USA to Shanghai to Taiwan is acceptable for a 144-hour transit visa in Shanghai, but the USA for Shanghai to the USA is not.(例如，美国→上海→台湾是可以的，行程符合在上海申请144小时过境免签的条件，但是美国→上海→美国的行程则不符合。)”可知，路线需从一国或地区经中国内地前往另一国或地区。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Click here to have a glimpse of the complete list of all 54 countries.(点击此处查看全部54个国家、地区的完整列表。)”可知，材料中包含超链接，提示其来源为网站。故选B。 (C) The Power of Habit We like to think we’re in control of our choices, but the truth is, nearly half of what we do each day unfolds without conscious thought. That first sip of coffee in the morning, the way we instinctively reach for our phones during downtime, even the routes we take to work—all of these follow invisible scripts written by habit. In The Power of Habit, Charles Duhigg masterfully uncovers the invisible patterns that shape our lives, blending cutting-edge science with impressive stories that resonate with young readers seeking self-improvement. At the core of habit formation lies a simple but powerful habit loop: —a simple yet profound three-step cycle: cue prompts routine, which delivers reward. This neurological blueprint explains why stress sends us straight to the snack cupboard or why boredom leads to mindless scrolling. But once we recognize the loop, we can rewrite it. Duhigg makes this science tangible(有形的) through vivid examples: how call centers train new employees to handle angry customers by rewiring their instinctive reactions into calm, solution-focused responses, or how Olympic swimmers like Michael Phelps use ritualized warm-ups to enter peak performance states. The same principle applies to everyday life. Small, deliberate adjustments—like exchanging social media for a short walk during breaks —can reprogram autopilot behaviors over time. The work systematically explores the phenomenon of “keystone habits ”—small changes that create ripple effects. Someone who starts exercising regularly might, without even trying, eat healthier or sleep better. A student who commits to organizing their study space may find their focus sharpening in other areas, too. So there is no need to change everything all at once. Identify one habit, nurture it, and let the rest follow. Habits don’t just shape individuals—they drive communities and movements. Consider how social change happens. Often, it’s not just about big speeches or dramatic moments; it’s about repeated, collective actions that become second nature. When a group of people consistently shows up, speaks out, or supports a cause, those repeated behaviors, sustained over time, have the power to redefine cultures. Of course, reconditioning deeply rooted habits—like procrastination or unhealthy coping mechanisms—isn’t as simple as pressing a switch. Knowledge alone isn’t enough; it takes practice, support, and sometimes even professional guidance. What works is replacing rather than resisting: substituting the unhealthy reward for a healthier one, or anchoring a new routine to an existing cue; in this way we stop being prisoners of routine and start becoming its authors. The process is gradual, but the payoff comes when you feel equipped to rewrite your own life scripts. 43. The term “autopilot behaviors” in paragraph 2 probably refers to __________. A temporary impulsive reaction. B. mindless habitual action. C. conscious voluntary options. D. random instinctive responses. 44. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Habit loops progresses in a circle: cue, reward and routine. B. Phelps is mentioned to argue that willpower serves as the driver of habit change. C. The book suggests that knowledge is irrelevant to habit changes. D. Social transformation emerges through sustained repetition of collective habits. 45. Which of these habits is a keystone habit? A. Emma checks social media first thing, which sometimes makes her late for class but keeps her updated. B. Tom prepares his school outfit the night before, and finds mornings less stressful with more time for breakfast. C. Sophia watches TV during dinner, often finishing meals faster than when eating mindfully. D. Noah organizes his desk every Friday, though it doesn’t affect his weekly productivity. 46. The primary purpose of this passage is to __________. A. discuss how to minimize the influence of habits. B. analyze how habits come into being. C. introduce and recommend a book on habit science. D. instruct feasible habit-training methods. 【答案】43. B 44. D 45. B 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 Charles Duhigg 所著的《习惯的力量》这本书。书中揭示了习惯塑造生活的无形模式，介绍了习惯循环的原理、关键习惯的作用，以及习惯对个人、群体和社会变革的影响，还提到改变习惯的方法，目的在于向读者介绍并推荐这本书。 【43题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“nearly half of what we do each day unfolds without conscious thought. That first sip of coffee in the morning, the way we instinctively reach for our phones during downtime, even the routes we take to work—all of these follow invisible scripts written by habit.(我们每天近一半的行为是在无意识的情况下进行的。早上的第一口咖啡，休息时本能地伸手去拿手机的动作，甚至上班的路线 —— 所有这些都遵循着习惯写下的无形脚本)” 以及第二段 “Small, deliberate adjustments—like exchanging social media for a short walk during breaks —can reprogram autopilot behaviors over time.(随着时间的推移，一些小的、有意识的调整 —— 比如在休息时间用散步代替刷社交媒体 —— 可以重新设定 autopilot behaviors)” 可知，重新设定的这些行为是无意识的、习惯性的。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Consider how social change happens. Often, it’s not just about big speeches or dramatic moments; it’s about repeated, collective actions that become second nature.(想想社会变革是如何发生的。通常，它不仅仅关乎宏大的演讲或戏剧性的时刻；它关乎那些不断重复的集体行动，这些行动最终会成为人们的下意识行为)” 可知，社会变革是通过集体习惯的持续重复出现的。故选D。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The work systematically explores the phenomenon of ‘keystone habits.’—small changes that create ripple effects. Someone who starts exercising regularly might, without even trying, eat healthier or sleep better. A student who commits to organizing their study space may find their focus sharpening in other areas, too.(这部作品系统地探究了 “关键习惯” 这一现象，即一些能产生连锁反应的微小改变。一个开始经常锻炼的人，可能不经意间就会饮食更健康，睡眠质量也更好。一个致力于整理自己学习空间的学生，可能会发现自己在其他方面的注意力也变得更加集中)” 可知，关键习惯能带来连锁积极影响。B项“汤姆在前一天晚上准备好上学的衣服，他发现早上有更多的时间吃早餐，压力会小一些。”正确。故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 Charles Duhigg 所著的《习惯的力量》这本书。书中揭示了习惯塑造生活的无形模式，介绍了习惯循环的原理、关键习惯的作用，以及习惯对个人、群体和社会变革的影响，还提到改变习惯的方法，目的在于向读者介绍并推荐这本书。所以文章的目的是介绍并推荐一本关于习惯科学的书。故选C。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Meet Generation Alpha What comes after Z? Lots of names have been proposed for the world’s youngest generation, born roughly since 2010. Some are predictable, such as “iPad kids” and “Generation AI”. Others are confusing, as with “Polars”, which refers to both growing polarization and shrinking ice caps. One name has caught on in the English-speaking West: “Generation Alpha”. It symbolizes a fresh chapter, says Mark McCrindle, the Australian social scientist behind it. “Alpha” has recently become a popular word. ____47____ Most have come to reveal things Alphas are interested in (video games sports) and not (recycling, the news). Some have even predicted the future: Alphas, they say, will be the most innovative group yet. Such insights make for good headlines. But social scientists agree that it is too soon to identify the distinctive characteristics of a group that includes very young kids. ____48____ According to Bobby Duffy, a professor at King’s College London, plenty of judgments made now will be proved wrong in the future. ____49____ Alpha is projected to be the world’s largest generation, with more than 2bn members. By 2029 nearly $5.5trn will be spent on Alphas a year, predicts Mr McCrindle’s research firm. That presents an opportunity for businesses, and for the marketing firms that advice “how to prepare for Gen Alpha”. Restrictions around marketing to youngsters prevent many insights. Governments regulate advertisements aided at minors, and stop their personal data from being collected without their parents’ agreement. ____50____ But no one can deny that Alphas are in their formative years. Attitudes and values change as people grow up and settle as they come of age. It will be at least five years before Alphas are old enough for real differences to be seen between them and others, according to Mr Duffy. Until then, we will know. A. There are disagreements about whether Alphas should include those born between 2010 and 2012. B. It is still hard to say whether Mr McCrindle’s preference of the Greek term will receive enough support. C. Predicting how these children will turn out as adults has no real value at the moment. D. Some surveys about Gen Alphas are filled out by parents, who interpret their children’s habits. E. A number of reports and surveys have been published about these youngsters. F. Research is largely driven by commercial interests. 【答案】47. E 48. C 49. F 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“Alpha一代”的命名由来、相关研究、商业价值及目前对其认知的局限性。 【47题详解】 上文““Alpha” has recently become a popular word.(“Alpha”最近成了一个流行词)”提到“Alpha”最近成为一个流行词，E选项“A number of reports and surveys have been published about these youngsters. (已经发布了许多关于这些年轻人的报告和调查。)”进一步说明关于“Alpha”这一群体有很多报告和调查发布，与上文话题紧密相连，符合语境。故选E。 【48题详解】 上文“But social scientists agree that it is too soon to identify the distinctive characteristics of a group that includes very young kids. (但社会科学家一致认为，要确定一个包括非常年幼的孩子的群体的独特特征还为时过早。)”指出确定“Alpha”群体独特特征还太早，C选项“Predicting how these children will turn out as adults has no real value at the moment. (预测这些孩子成年后会变成什么样目前没有真正的价值。)”进一步说明预测这些孩子成年后的情况目前没有价值，与上文逻辑相符，承接上文。故选C。 49题详解】 下文“Alpha is projected to be the world’s largest generation, with more than 2bn members. By 2029 nearly $5.5trn will be spent on Alphas a year, predicts Mr McCrindle’s research firm. That presents an opportunity for businesses, and for the marketing firms that advice “how to prepare for Gen Alpha”. (预计Alpha将成为世界上最大的一代，成员超过20亿。麦肯德尔的研究公司预测，到2029年，每年将在Alpha身上花费近5.5万亿美元。这为企业以及为“如何为Alpha一代做准备”提供建议的营销公司提供了机会。)”主要讲述了关于“Alpha”一代的研究对企业和营销公司有商业价值，F选项“Research is largely driven by commercial interests. (研究在很大程度上是由商业利益驱动的。)”概括了下文内容，引出下文，符合语境。故选F。 【50题详解】 上文“Restrictions around marketing to youngsters prevent many insights. Governments regulate advertisements aided at minors, and stop their personal data from being collected without their parents’ agreement. (围绕向年轻人营销的限制阻碍了许多见解。政府监管针对未成年人的广告，并阻止未经父母同意收集他们的个人数据。)”说明对向年轻人营销有限制，D选项“Some surveys about Gen Alphas are filled out by parents, who interpret their children’s habits. (一些关于Alpha一代的调查是由父母填写的，他们解释孩子的习惯。)”进一步说明由于限制，一些关于“Alpha”一代的调查是由父母填写并解释孩子习惯的，与上文话题相关，承接上文。故选D。 III. Summary writing Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Do Weird (古怪的) People Make Better Artists? In one published experiment (there was a whole series of them), the participants were shown one of two pictures of an imaginary artist called Stefansson. One was an ordinary-looking male in his twenties, while the other was a man of the same age who “had long hair” and “had not shaved for several days” The results were interesting: The people who were shown the untidy Stefansson liked his wild unconventional art more than those who were shown the clean-shaven, suit-wearing Stefansson. The researchers say this preference is due to our desire for “sincerity” in an artist. What they mean by sincerity is that an artist’s style and appearance should go together. It sounds like a noble idea but in fact, a huge body of great art, literature, and music was created by artists who did not look weird. Are we supposed to label these works boring and insincere? If so, we would miss an awful lot of classic works, like Bach’s musical compositions and Shakespeare’s poems. We are too much in love with the unconventional forms of art and the unconventional types that produce them. It is a strange sort of blindness to the fact that a lot of good art has been produced by people who were models of conventionality. Wesley Kant, a leading figure of abstract art, and Eric Cooper, pioneer of musical modernism, both dressed like bankers Larry White, one of the founders of literary modernism, set out to look perfectly colorless in his suit and hat, just so he could fade into the background. It is the gap between their boring appearance and their wild inner world that makes these creators so attractive. So as we explore the vast landscape of artistic expression, let us not be blinded by the charm of the weird. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Researchers found people preferred unconventional artworks created by weird-looking artists. They explain it is because we tend to think artists’ appearances should match their artistic styles. However, many good artworks were created by those who looked ordinary. These artists’ appeal lies in the contrast between their appearance and their inner world, Therefore, we shouldn’t love weird artists blindly. （58 words） 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了“古怪的人是否更能成为优秀的艺术家”这一话题，通过实验研究和实例分析，给出了对于这一观点的思考和反驳，最终得出不应盲目崇拜古怪艺术家的结论。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①In one published experiment, the participants were shown one of two pictures of an imaginary artist Stefansson. One was an ordinary-looking male in his twenties, while the other was a man of the same age who “had long hair” and “had not shaved for several d ②The people who were shown the untidy Stefansson liked his wild unconventional art more than those who were shown the clean-shaven, suit-wearing Stefansson. ③The researchers say this preference is due to our desire for “sincerity” in an artist.  ④but in fact, a huge body of great art, literature, and music was created by artists who did not look weird.  ⑤ It is the gap between their boring appearance and their wild inner world that makes these creators so attractive. ⑥We shouldn’t love weird artists blindly. 2. 缜密构思 将1、2、3 三个要点进行重组，将4、5两个要点进行整合。 3. 遣词造句 Researchers found people preferred unconventional artworks created by weird-looking artists. They explain it is because we tend to think artists’ appearances should match their artistic styles. However, many good artworks were created by those who looked ordinary. These artists’ appeal lies in the contrast between their appearance and their inner world, Therefore, we shouldn’t love weird artists blindly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Researchers found people preferred unconventional artworks created by weird-looking artists. (运用了省略that的宾语从句，表示研究发现的内容) 【高分句型2】 However, many good artworks were created by those who looked ordinary. (运用了who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those，使句子结构紧凑且信息丰富) IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 越是在快要成功紧要关头，越是不能够掉以轻心。(afford) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The closer you are to success, the less you can afford to be careless/the more you can’t afford to be careless. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、形容词（短语）、动词短语和名词。“越是……，越是……”可用固定句型the more…, the more…，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化；“越是在快要成功的紧要关头”为从句，应用一般现在时表将来，隐含的主语“你”用代词you，“快要”可理解为“接近”，可用形容词短语be close to，“成功”可用名词success；“越是不能够掉以轻心”为主句，隐含的主语“你”用代词you，“能够做某事”可理解为“能承担得起做某事”，用动词短语can afford to do，“掉以轻心”可用be动词和形容词careless搭配，“越是不能够”有两种表达方式：the less you can afford to或the more you can’t afford to。故可译为：The closer you are to success, the less you can afford to be careless/the more you can’t afford to be careless. 53. 这家快餐店推出了私人订制服务，获得众多消费者的青睐。(which) (汉译英) 【答案】This fast-food store (has) launched a (private) tailored service/customized service/personalized service, which (has) won many customers’ favor. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句子陈述已经发生的动作，可以一般过去时陈述过去的事实，也可用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；分析可知，本句为主从复合句，“这家快餐店推出了私人订制服务”处理为主句，主语“这家快餐店”表达为this fast-food store，谓语动词“推出”表达为launch，宾语“私人定制服务”可表达为 (private) tailored service/customized service/personalized service，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰；“获得众多消费者的青睐”处理为非限制性定语从句，对名词service进行附加说明，谓语“赢得，获得”用动词win表达，宾语“众多消费者的青睐”表达为many customers’ favor，从句缺少主语，且先行词service指物，因此用关系代词which引导从句。综上，故翻译为This fast-food store (has) launched a (private) tailored service/customized service/personalized service, which (has) won many customers’ favor. 54. 这项新的科学发现应用于工业生产可能要等上好几十年的时间，但这也是值得期待的。（before）(汉译英) ________________________________________________ 【答案】It may be decades before the new scientific discovery is applied to industrial production, but it is worth anticipating/looking forward to. /but it’s still something to look forward to. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、固定短语和固定句型。表示“这项新的科学发现”用the new scientific discovery；表示“应用于”用be applied to；表示“工业生产”用industrial production；表示“这项新的科学发现应用于工业生产可能要等上好几十年的时间”使用固定句型it+be+段时间+before…，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，即it may be decades before the new scientific discovery is applied to industrial production；“但”使用连词but，“这”使用代词it，表示“值得做某事”用be worth doing sth.；表示“期待”用anticipate/look forward to，故“这也是值得期待的”可翻译为but it is worth anticipating/looking forward to，或者用“be something to do sth.”结构，翻译为but it’s still something to look forward to。故翻译为It may be decades before the new scientific discovery is applied to industrial production, but it is worth anticipating/looking forward to./ but it’s still something to look forward to. 55. 从小县城发家，这家公司以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才，在短短十年内成为行业翘楚。(originate) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Originating from a small county, this company has become a leader in the industry in just ten years with its unique/distinctive vision, advanced products, and innovative talent. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“从……发家”应用originate from，此处需用非谓语动词作状语，this company和originate from为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式；表示“一个小县城”应用a small county；表示“这家公司”应用this company；表示“成为行业翘楚”应用become a leader in the industry，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为this company，助动词用has；表示“在短短十年内”应用in just ten years；表示“以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才”应用with its unique/distinctive vision, advanced products, and innovative talent。故翻译成：Originating from a small county, this company has become a leader in the industry in just ten years with its unique/distinctive vision, advanced products, and innovative talent.。 V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的李华，你发现许多同学对校园传统活动（如诗词朗诵、手工艺展、校史剧等）的兴趣正在下降，而对短视频、电竞等新兴娱乐更感兴趣。请你给校园文化节组委会写一封信，谈谈你对这一现象的看法和理由，并提出你的建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Campus Cultural Festival Organizing Committee, I’m Li Hua, a student from Mingqi High School. I’ve noticed that many classmates are losing interest in traditional campus activities like poetry recitals, handcraft exhibitions and school history plays, while being more drawn to short videos and e-sports. Traditional activities are precious parts of our campus culture, which can enrich our spiritual life and cultivate our cultural confidence. However, they lack the novelty and interactivity that young students pursue, making them less attractive compared with the fast-paced and entertaining emerging entertainment. To change this situation, I have some suggestions. First, we can combine traditional activities with modern elements, such as adding short video shooting to poetry recitals. Second, hold joint events like e-sports competitions with traditional culture themes. Third, set up interactive experience booths for handcrafts to let students feel the fun of creation. I hope these suggestions can help arouse students’ interest in traditional campus activities. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就同学对校园传统活动兴趣下降，而对短视频、电竞等新兴娱乐更感兴趣这一现象，谈谈自己的看法和理由，并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 珍贵的：precious → valuable 培养：cultivate → foster 有吸引力的：attractive → appealing 激发：arouse → stimulate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：However, they lack the novelty and interactivity that young students pursue, making them less attractive compared with the fast-paced and entertaining emerging entertainment. 拓展句：However, they lack the novelty and interactivity that young students pursue, which makes them less attractive compared with the fast-paced and entertaining emerging entertainment. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Traditional activities are precious parts of our campus culture, which can enrich our spiritual life and cultivate our cultural confidence. (运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】However, they lack the novelty and interactivity that young students pursue, making them less attractive compared with the fast-paced and entertaining emerging entertainment.(运用了that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市格致中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次测验 英语试卷 （测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fifth-generation Combat Planes Displayed on China’s Military Parade The People’s Liberation Army has displayed all types of its fifth-generation combat planes on active duty for the first time via the grand parade on Wednesday, a move that observers say ____1____ (intend) to show its world-class air prowess. All of the five models — the J-20, J-20A, J-20S and J-35A of the PLA Air Force as well as the PLA Navy’s J-35 — thundered past the Tian’anmen Square in central Beijing as they flew in several arrowhead-shaped groups around the end of a 70-minute parade, ____2____ (mark) the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War. Wang Yanan, chief editor of Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told China Daily that this is the first time in the history of the People’s Republic of China that so much new hardware ____3____ (send) to a parade. “____4____ we have seen is an unprecedented unveiling of China’s domestically developed weaponry such as those new aircraft. All of these previously unseen weapons have state-of-the-art designs and superior capabilities, and have tremendously enhanced the Chinese armed forces’ overall strength,” Wang said. The J-20S, like other members of the J-20 series, was designed by the Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute. The twin-seat plane is characterized by its supreme ability to seize superiority in air combat, carry out precision strikes ____5____ land and sea targets, and perform battlefield situational awareness, electronic jamming as well as tactical command and control The twin-seat variant (变体) can have a backup flight-control system ____6____ (install) for the backseat operator to use ____7____ the main system malfunctions or is damaged in action, or the front-seat pilot becomes incapacitated. The J-20A, ____8____ J-20 variant, has several external differences from the baseline model: an enlarged spine, reshaped nosecone, and modified engine intakes optimized for new, mightier engines developed by Chinese engineers on their own. Its engines are widely believed to have thrust (推力) vector control technology ____9____ provides significant benefits in flight maneuverability (机动性). The technology enables a pilot to adjust the engine exhaust nozzles (喷口) ____10____ (redirect) thrust, allowing the plane to carry out previously unimaginable maneuvers at very high angles of attack, meaning its nose is pointed at an angle greatly exceeding the jet’s current vector. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. approved B. reliably C. reserve D. contributing E. frustrated F. underscheduled G dramatically H. availability I. inconsistent J. foresee K. amounting How Part-time Jobs Became A Trap Several years ago, to research the novel I was writing, I spent six months working in the warehouse of a big-box store. As a supporter of the Fight for $15, I expected my co-workers to be ____11____ that starting pay at the store was just $12.25 an hour. In fact, I found them to be less concerned about the wage than about the irregular hours. The store, like much of the American retail sector, used just-in-time scheduling to track customer flow on an hourly basis and ____12____ staffing needs at any given moment. We’d be scheduled for four hours one week and 30 the next. For my co-workers, these ____13____ paychecks made it nearly impossible to get an auto loan or to be ____14____ for a lease or rental on an apartment, let alone to save money. In recent years, instead of assigning employees too many hours, large corporations routinely give them too few, hiring multiple part-time staff in place of one full-time worker. These workers aren’t entitled to benefits and are subject to ____15____ fluctuating (波动的) schedules from week to week. The most obvious reason employers favor part-time labor is to avoid paying benefits. Starbucks for example, talks up its generous benefits. But the median Starbucks worker made just $14,674 last year, ____16____ to about19 hours a week, just shy of the 20 hours a week that the company requires to be qualified for those benefits. Besides, with a part-time workforce, employers can schedule the bare-minimum number of worker hours needed on a given day. If business turns out to be busier than expected, they have a ____17____ of part-time workers to call on at the last minute. Therefore, the workers have to be not merely part-time but also ____18____ — so desperate for more hours that they will ____19____ come in at the last minute. Human-resources departments usually tell workers that the way to get more hours is to increase their ____20____ — that is, if you want more hours at one job, you’re advised to promise to be on call whenever you may be wanted. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Like many of the researchers who study how people find their way from place to place, David Uttal is a poor navigator. The world is full of people like Uttal — and their ____21____, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are. Scientists sometimes measure navigational ability by asking someone to point toward an out-of-sight location — or, more ____22____, to imagine they are someplace else and point in the direction of a third location — and it's obvious that some people are better at it than others. “People are never perfect, but someone can be as ____23____as single-degree off, which is incredible,” says Nora Newcombe, a cognitive psychologist at Temple University, But others, when asked to indicate the target’s direction, seem to point at random. “They have literally no idea where it is. ” While it’s easy to show that people ____24____ in navigational ability, it has proved much harder for scientists to explain why. Research suggests that to some extent, navigation skills are shaped by ____25____. The importance of a person’s environment is underscored by a recent look at the role of ____26____ in navigation. In 2020, Margherita Malanchini, a psychologist at Queen Mary University of London, and her colleagues compared the performance of more than 2,600 identical and nonidentical twins as they navigated through a virtual environment, to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found but only ____27____. Instead, the biggest contributor to people's performance was what geneticists call “nonshared environmental factors” — that is, the ____28____experiences each person accumulates as their life unfolds. ____29____factors were also associated with wayfinding skills, they found. ____30____ , people from Nordic countries tended to be slightly better navigators. It is perhaps because the sport of cross-country running is ____31____ in those countries. Country folk did better, on average, than people from cities. And among city-dwellers, those from cities with ____32____ street networks such as those in the older parts of European cities did better than those from cities like Chicago, where the streets form a regular grid. Results like these suggest that an individual’s life experience may be one of the biggest determinants of how well they navigate. ____33____, many even underlie one of the most consistent findings — and cliches — in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women turns out this gender gap is more a question of culture and experience than of ____34____ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no difference in navigation. In contrast, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural ____35____imposed on exploring their environment on their own, such as Middle Eastern countries. 21. A. opposites B. counterparts C. admirers D. rivals 22. A. systematic B. challenging C. surprising D. realistic 23. A. precise B. reliable C. responsible D. crucial 24. A. engage B. struggle C. develop D. differ 25. A. practice B. upbringing C. nature D. tradition 26. A. memory B. cognition C. behavior D. genetics 27. A. predictably B. gradually C. modestly D. mistakenly 28. A. concrete B. practical C. unique D. valuable 29. A. Political B. Ecological C. Economic D. Cultural 30. A. For example B. As such C. After all D. By contrast 31. A. recreational B. extreme C. popular D. competitive 32. A. narrow B. chaotic C. efficient D. extensive 33. A. Therefore B. Indeed C. However D. Otherwise 34. A. inborn B. intellectual C. spatial D. academic 35. A. identities B. expectations C. differences D. restrictions Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The fire raced through Lahaina last August so fast that it killed 100 people and destroyed more than 2,200 buildings. It left more than 7,000 people without their possessions and in need of shelter. That afternoon, Kalyn Lepre, a 36-year-old nutritional therapist, grabbed her wallet and drove out of town. She lost everything else in her four-bedroom house: clothes, documents, jewelry and seven surfboards. Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. “I was so in love with that board,” she says. Jud Lau understood. The 53-year-old Maui native has been riding the waves since he was a teenager, and he’s been building surfboards for the last 15 years. He knows the value of a good surfboard. “A surfboard is part of your whole being especially in Hawaii, where surfing originated,” he says. “Losing a board is like losing a part of your soul. ” So, wanting to help the victims in some way, he started thinking about all the surfers who had lost their boards. “And I thought, that’s my area of expertise,” he says. “Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. ” He realized he could give that back to them. Lau started by connecting people who wanted to donate extra boards to those who had lost theirs, about 200 boards total. Friends in Oahu and California collected another 550 boards and shipped them to Maui for Lau to distribute. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custom boards designed to accommodate their size or the type of waves they ride. So Lau turned to cash donations — raising about $20,000 — to cover the cost of materials for shaping custom boards to give away. Donating his labor, he made more than 40 boards that typically would have retailed for $ 600 to S1,500 each. He also persuaded the other shapers on the island, about a dozen of them, to make at least one board each, providing around 20 more surfboards. The recipients of Lau’s efforts include Lepre. She messaged him what she’d lost and he shaped her a high-performance, 9-foot, single-fin board with a sunset fading from yellow to orange and “Lahaina” in deep red letters in the middle. “I cried when I saw it.” Lepre says, “He created an art piece for me, and this tool would help me move forward. ” The new board allowed her to get back in the water and start healing. 36. According to the passage, what does surfing mean to Kalyn Lepre? A. It’s critical to her mental health. B. It’s optional in her everyday life. C. It’s a casual form of exercise for her. D. It’s her vital means of making a living. 37. In the second paragraph, the underlined word “heart-wrenching” is closest in meaning to ________. A. distracting B. frightening C. distressing D. puzzling 38. What can be inferred about Jud Lau’s motivation to help fire victims? A. He wanted to profit from selling surfboards B. He aimed to promote his surfboard business C. He believed surfing could aid emotional recovery D. He was ordered by local authorities to take action 39. The passage is mainly concerned with ________. A. the destructive force of a fire in Lahaina B the significance of surfing for Hawaiian people C. how Kalyn Lepre overcame the grief of losing a surfboard D. how Jud Lau helped those who lost their surfboards in the fire (B) 144-Hour Visa Free Transit in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu Shanghai and the nearby provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang allow travelers from 54 countries (such as the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, Canada, and Australia) to stay in certain cities for up to 144 hours (6 days) without applying for a Chinese travel visa to experience local culture and life. You can enjoy a journey in China more easily. Click here to have a glimpse of the complete list of all 54 countries. The 8 Eligible Transit Ports for 144-hour Visa Free Transit - You enter and leave from one of the eligible ports of entry. - Your arrival port and departure port can be different. For example, you can arrive in Shanghai and leave from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The Eligible Transit Routes for 144-hour Visa-free Travel You must be in transit to a third country or region (Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan are included among possible third regions). For example, the USA to Shanghai to Taiwan is acceptable for a 144-hour transit visa in Shanghai, but the USA for Shanghai to the USA is not. How to Apply for the 144-hour Visa-free Transit in Shanghai 1) Pre-register your entry information in advance via the “144-Hour Transit Visa Exemption(豁免)Application E-System” and complete the information declaration. 2) Upon arrival at the Shanghai port, you can use the self-service machine to automatically print the Arrival Card. 3) Locate the dedicated lanes for 144-hour visa-exemption transit passengers within the entry inspection areas after arrival. 4) Present your valid passport, onward ticket to a third country or region, and completed arrival card. Inform the immigration officer about your intention to use the 144-hour visa-free transit. They will verify your eligibility and issue a temporary entry permit. 5) Claim your luggage and go through customs as normal. 6) Departure from a designated port before midnight on the sixth full day. There is nothing different in leaving China normally. Hand over your temporary departure card at security completed. 40. Mike, an American travel vlogger, is going to visit China. What can be TRUE about his journey? A. He is allowed to travel within any Chinese city during his 144-hour visa-free period. B. He must go to the ticket office in person to print the Arrival Card upon his arrival. C. He is required to claim his baggage before proceeding to an appointed area for 144-hour visa-free transit passengers. D. He might arrive at PVG at 6:00 A. M. on Nov. 18 and leave from NGB at 11:58 P. M. on Nov. 23. 41. Which of the following routes qualifies for 144-hour Visa-free Travel? A. France➡Nanjing➡France B. Australia➡Macau➡Shanghai C. Canada➡Hangzhou➡Taiwan D. Hong Kong➡Ningbo➡Japan 42. Where can you find this material? A. In a book about China. B. On a website. C. On a noticeboard. D. In a travel brochure. (C) The Power of Habit We like to think we’re in control of our choices, but the truth is, nearly half of what we do each day unfolds without conscious thought. That first sip of coffee in the morning, the way we instinctively reach for our phones during downtime, even the routes we take to work—all of these follow invisible scripts written by habit. In The Power of Habit, Charles Duhigg masterfully uncovers the invisible patterns that shape our lives, blending cutting-edge science with impressive stories that resonate with young readers seeking self-improvement. At the core of habit formation lies a simple but powerful habit loop: —a simple yet profound three-step cycle: cue prompts routine, which delivers reward. This neurological blueprint explains why stress sends us straight to the snack cupboard or why boredom leads to mindless scrolling. But once we recognize the loop, we can rewrite it. Duhigg makes this science tangible(有形的) through vivid examples: how call centers train new employees to handle angry customers by rewiring their instinctive reactions into calm, solution-focused responses, or how Olympic swimmers like Michael Phelps use ritualized warm-ups to enter peak performance states. The same principle applies to everyday life. Small, deliberate adjustments—like exchanging social media for a short walk during breaks —can reprogram autopilot behaviors over time. The work systematically explores the phenomenon of “keystone habits ”—small changes that create ripple effects. Someone who starts exercising regularly might, without even trying, eat healthier or sleep better. A student who commits to organizing their study space may find their focus sharpening in other areas, too. So there is no need to change everything all at once. Identify one habit, nurture it, and let the rest follow. Habits don’t just shape individuals—they drive communities and movements. Consider how social change happens. Often, it’s not just about big speeches or dramatic moments; it’s about repeated, collective actions that become second nature. When a group of people consistently shows up, speaks out, or supports a cause, those repeated behaviors, sustained over time, have the power to redefine cultures. Of course reconditioning deeply rooted habits—like procrastination or unhealthy coping mechanisms—isn’t as simple as pressing a switch. Knowledge alone isn’t enough; it takes practice, support, and sometimes even professional guidance. What works is replacing rather than resisting: substituting the unhealthy reward for a healthier one, or anchoring a new routine to an existing cue; in this way we stop being prisoners of routine and start becoming its authors. The process is gradual, but the payoff comes when you feel equipped to rewrite your own life scripts. 43. The term “autopilot behaviors” in paragraph 2 probably refers to __________. A. temporary impulsive reaction. B. mindless habitual action. C. conscious voluntary options. D. random instinctive responses. 44. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Habit loops progresses in a circle: cue, reward and routine. B. Phelps is mentioned to argue that willpower serves as the driver of habit change. C. The book suggests that knowledge is irrelevant to habit changes. D. Social transformation emerges through sustained repetition of collective habits. 45. Which of these habits is a keystone habit? A. Emma checks social media first thing, which sometimes makes her late for class but keeps her updated. B. Tom prepares his school outfit the night before, and finds mornings less stressful with more time for breakfast. C. Sophia watches TV during dinner, often finishing meals faster than when eating mindfully. D. Noah organizes his desk every Friday, though it doesn’t affect his weekly productivity. 46. The primary purpose of this passage is to __________. A. discuss how to minimize the influence of habits. B. analyze how habits come into being. C. introduce and recommend a book on habit science. D. instruct feasible habit-training methods. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Meet Generation Alpha What comes after Z? Lots of names have been proposed for the world’s youngest generation, born roughly since 2010. Some are predictable, such as “iPad kids” and “Generation AI”. Others are confusing, as with “Polars”, which refers to both growing polarization and shrinking ice caps. One name has caught on in the English-speaking West: “Generation Alpha”. It symbolizes a fresh chapter, says Mark McCrindle, the Australian social scientist behind it. “Alpha” has recently become a popular word. ____47____ Most have come to reveal things Alphas are interested in (video games, sports) and not (recycling, the news). Some have even predicted the future: Alphas, they say, will be the most innovative group yet. Such insights make for good headlines. But social scientists agree that it is too soon to identify the distinctive characteristics of a group that includes very young kids. ____48____ According to Bobby Duffy, a professor at King’s College London, plenty of judgments made now will be proved wrong in the future. ____49____ Alpha is projected to be the world’s largest generation, with more than 2bn members. By 2029 nearly $5.5trn will be spent on Alphas a year, predicts Mr McCrindle’s research firm. That presents an opportunity for businesses, and for the marketing firms that advice “how to prepare for Gen Alpha”. Restrictions around marketing to youngsters prevent many insights. Governments regulate advertisements aided at minors, and stop their personal data from being collected without their parents’ agreement. ____50____ But no one can deny that Alphas are in their formative years. Attitudes and values change as people grow up and settle as they come of age. It will be at least five years before Alphas are old enough for real differences to be seen between them and others, according to Mr Duffy. Until then, we will know. A. There are disagreements about whether Alphas should include those born between 2010 and 2012. B. It is still hard to say whether Mr McCrindle’s preference of the Greek term will receive enough support. C. Predicting how these children will turn out as adults has no real value at the moment. D. Some surveys about Gen Alphas are filled out by parents, who interpret their children’s habits. E. A number of reports and surveys have been published about these youngsters. F. Research is largely driven by commercial interests. III. Summary writing Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Do Weird (古怪的) People Make Better Artists? In one published experiment (there was a whole series of them) the participants were shown one of two pictures of an imaginary artist called Stefansson. One was an ordinary-looking male in his twenties, while the other was a man of the same age who “had long hair” and “had not shaved for several days” The results were interesting: The people who were shown the untidy Stefansson liked his wild unconventional art more than those who were shown the clean-shaven, suit-wearing Stefansson. The researchers say this preference is due to our desire for “sincerity” in an artist. What they mean by sincerity is that an artist’s style and appearance should go together. It sounds like a noble idea, but in fact, a huge body of great art, literature, and music was created by artists who did not look weird. Are we supposed to label these works boring and insincere? If so, we would miss an awful lot of classic works, like Bach’s musical compositions and Shakespeare’s poems. We are too much in love with the unconventional forms of art and the unconventional types that produce them. It is a strange sort of blindness to the fact that a lot of good art has been produced by people who were models of conventionality. Wesley Kant, a leading figure of abstract art, and Eric Cooper, pioneer of musical modernism, both dressed like bankers Larry White, one of the founders of literary modernism, set out to look perfectly colorless in his suit and hat, just so he could fade into the background. It is the gap between their boring appearance and their wild inner world that makes these creators so attractive. So as we explore the vast landscape of artistic expression, let us not be blinded by the charm of the weird. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 越是在快要成功的紧要关头，越是不能够掉以轻心。(afford) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 这家快餐店推出了私人订制服务，获得众多消费者的青睐。(which) (汉译英) 54. 这项新的科学发现应用于工业生产可能要等上好几十年的时间，但这也是值得期待的。（before）(汉译英) ________________________________________________ 55. 从小县城发家，这家公司以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才，在短短十年内成为行业翘楚。(originate) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的李华，你发现许多同学对校园传统活动（如诗词朗诵、手工艺展、校史剧等）的兴趣正在下降，而对短视频、电竞等新兴娱乐更感兴趣。请你给校园文化节组委会写一封信，谈谈你对这一现象的看法和理由，并提出你的建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $