Unit 1 Nature in the balance一-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中译林 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·译林·必修第三册Unit1 Nature in the balance 单元词汇总览 harm /ha:m/h.&t.伤害，损害species/'spi:fi:z/n.(pl.species)硬树（阔叶树的木材） soil/solm.土壤：国土，领土，土种，物种 living'lrvm/ad.活着的，活的： 地 nut /nAt/m.坚果；brazil nut巴西在使用的；n.生计，谋生；生活 *ecosystem/'i:kausIstam/m.生态坚果 方式 系统 iy/'lri/n.百合（花）；water lily*mammal/'meml/m.哺乳动物 overseas/,ava'si:zadj.海外的，睡莲 *jaguar/d3 egju3(r)m.美洲豹， 国外的：adv.在海外，向国外variety /v3 rarsti/n.不同种类：变美洲虎 region /'ri:d3n/m.地区，区域：化，多样性；变种，变体 survive /sa'varv/vi.生存，存活： 行政区 wildlife'warldlarf/n.野生动植t.幸存，幸免于难 continent/'kpntinent/.m.大陆，陆物，野生生物 frog /frog/n.蛙，青蛙 地，洲 beneath /bI'ni:θ/prep.在…下面，in turn相应地，转而 million/'mjn/hum.一百万；许在…下方；配不上 insect/'mnsekt/h.昆虫 多，大量 mass/mes/h.大量；团，块，堆；microorganism/,maku'3:ganz3m/n. length /len0/n.长，长度：时间的一大群；adj.大批的，广泛的 微生物 长短：篇幅：（电影）片长 towering/taoar/adj.高大的，break down使分解（为），使变化 biodiversity baraudar'v3:sati/n. 高耸的：出色的 (成) 生物多样性 hardwood/'ha:dwdm.阔叶树： 易错词汇精讲 1.ecosystem/'i:kausistam/h.生态系统 ·易错点：易误写为eco-system(错误拆分)，该词为不可数名词，无复数形式。 ·精讲：由eco(生态)+system(系统)构成，合成词需连写，指生物群落与环境构成的统一整 体。 ·例句：The Amazon rainforest has the world's richest ecosystem. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：Protecting the is important for biodiversity. (答案：ecosystem) 2.species/'spi:fi:z/n.种，物种 ·易错点：易误认单复数形式，该词单复数同形，不可加-S:易误读为/'sp:sz/,正确发音为 /'spi:fi:z/。 高中译林 寒假专版 ·精讲：表示“一个物种”用a species,“多个物种”用many species,.无需变化词尾。 ·例句：This area is home to over200 species of birds. ·真题链接： (译林版高中必修三同步练习)：Some rare are in danger of dying out. (答案：species)） 3.variety /va'rarati/n.不同种类；多样性 ·易错点：易与vary(v.变化)、various(adj.各种各样的)混淆；固定搭配a variety of后接可 数名词复数，易误接单数。 ·精讲：a variety of=various,后接复数名词，谓语动词用复数；the variety of表示“…的多样 性”，谓语动词用单数。 .(1)There are a variety of flowers in the garden.(2)The variety of life in the ocean is amazing. ·真题链接：：（译林版高中必修三同步练习)：We can choose from a (多样)of activities after class.(答案：variety) 4.survive/sa'vaIv/vi..生存；t.幸存 ·易错点：易漏写词尾e,误写为survice:作及物动词时直接接宾语，无需加介词，如“从地震 中幸存”为survive the earthquake,非survive from the earthquake。 ·精讲：survive sth.(经历某事活下来)：survive on sth.(靠某物生存)：survivor(n.幸存者)。 ·例句：She survived the accident with only minor injuries ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：These plants can (生存)in very dry conditions. (答案：survive) 5.mass /maes/n.大量：团：adj.大批的 ·易错点：易混淆名词“大量”与形容词“大量的”用法：固定搭配a mass of后接可数/不可数 名词，谓语动词单复数由名词决定。 ·精讲：作名词时，a mass of=masses of(大量)；作形容词时，mass production（大规模生产)， 无比较级/最高级。 ·例句：()A mass of people gathered in the square.(2)Mass media play an important role in society. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）： (大量的)waste water is poured into the river every day.(答案：Mass) 6.iing/'lv)/adj.活着的；n.生计 ·易错点：易与alive(adj.活着的)混淆，living可作定语修饰名词，alive不可；作名词“生计” 时，易误写为liveing。 ·精讲：作定语：living things(生物)：作表语：She is still living.(=She is still alive.):make a living(谋生)。 ·例句：The living conditions in the village have improved a lot. 高中译林 寒假专版 ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The oldman makes a」 by selling vegetables. (答案：living) 7.beneath /bI'ni:0/prep.在…下面；配不上 ·易错点：易与under/below混淆，beneath强调垂直下方或抽象意义“配不上”，under侧重空间 下方，below侧重水平位置低于。 ·精讲：表示方位时可与under互换，但beneath更正式；表示“配不上”时不可替换，如Heis beneath her.(他配不上她。) ·例句：The boat sank beneath the waves. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The treasure is buried (在…下面)the old tree..(答案：beneath) 8.break down使分解；出故障 ·易错点：易混淆多义性，“分解”与“出故障”含义易混淆：被动语态中需注意主语，“机器出 故障”用主动语态，“物质被分解”用被动。 ·精讲：(I)The machine broke down yesterday..(出故障)(2)Bacteria break down organic matter. (分解)(3)Chemicals in the soil break down the waste..(被动：Waste is broken down by chemicals.) ·例句：Sugar breaks down into glucose in the body. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The car (出故障)on the way to the airport..(答案：broke down) 9.million/mj3n/hum.一百万：许多 ·易错点：与具体数字连用时不加-s,如two million:与of连用时必须加-s,即millions of(数 百万)，易混淆单复数。 ·精讲：基数词+million+名词复数；millions of+名词复数，前无具体数字。 .(1)Over five million people live in this city.(2)Millions of birds migrate south in winter ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）： (百万)of tourists visit the Great Wall every year.(答案：Millions) 10.overseas/,a阳'si:z/adj.海外的；adv.在海外 ·易错点：易混淆形容词与副词用法，作形容词时修饰名词，作副词时直接作状语，无需加介词。 ·精讲：adj.overseas students(留学生)：adv.study overseas(出国学习)=study abroad。 ·例句：My brother is working overseas now. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：Many Chinese students choose to study (在海外)after high school.(答案：overseas) 11.region/i:d3n/h.地区：区域 高中译林 寒假专版 ·易错点：易与area/district混淆，region侧重地理或行政上的大区域，area泛指面积，district指 城市内的行政区。 ·精讲：the Arctic region(北极地区)：administrative region(行政区)。 ·例句：This plant is mainly found in the northern region of the country. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The (地区)is famous for its traditional culture..(答案：region) 12.biodiversity/,baraodar'v3:sati/n.生物多样性 ·易错点：易漏写中间的i,误写为biodiveristy:为不可数名词，无复数形式，易误加-s。 ·精讲：由bio(生物)+diversity(多样性)构成，指一定区域内生物种类的丰富程度。 ·例句：Protecting biodiversity is crucial for ecological balance. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The government has taken measures to protect (生物多样性)in the area.(答案：biodiversity) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Which of the following is the correct spelling of the word meaning”生物群落与环境构成的统一 整体？ ·A.eco-system ·B.ecosystem ·C.ecosysem ●D.ecossystem 2.The word"species'is special because .A.it has no plural form ·B.its plural is”specieses ●C.its plural is”speciess' D.its singular and plural are the same 3.A variety of (flower)are planted in the park.Which word is correct here? 高中译林 寒假专版 ·A.flower ·B.flowers ●C.flowering ·D.flowered 4.Which sentence uses”survive”correctly2 .A.He survived from the fire. B.She needs to survive on water alone. .C.The plant can't survive in sunlight. .D.They survived the difficult time. 5.” of people attended the concert."Which is the right choice? ●A.Two million ●B.Two millions ●C.Million ·D.Millions of 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Protecting the (生态系统)is key to maintaining ecological balance, 2.Over 500 (物种)of animals live in this national park. 3.The (多样性)of cultural activities makes the festival lively. 4.These animals can (生存)in extreme cold environments. 5.The government is taking action to protect (生物多样性)in the area. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The Amazon rainforest has the world's richest e 2.Manyrare s are facing the danger of extinction. 3.Av of books are available in the school library. 4.T0s in the desert,you need enough water and food. 高中译林 寒假专版 5.M of birds fly to warmer places in winter. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.This area is home to over 300 (species)of plants. 2.She is good at making a (live)by selling handmade crafts 3.The machine (break down)yesterday,so we had to repair it. 4. (million)of tourists visit this museum every year. 5.The old man has been (live)in the village for 50 years. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.D3.B4.D5.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.ecosystem 2.species 3.variety 4.survive 5.biodiversity ·三、首字母填空 1.ecosystem 2.species 3.variety 4.survive 5.Millions ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.species 2.living 3.broke down 4.Millions 5.living