Unit 1 Nature in the balance三-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲必修第三册（译林版）

必修第三册译林版 单元专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【单元专版】 高中·译林版·必修第三册Unit1 Nature in the balance 单元词汇总览 shark /fa:k/n.鲨鱼 部地，完整地 则 spring to mind突然记起（或想 snog/snDg/n.雾霾，烟雾 branch /bra:ntf/n.(政府或机构) 到) get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 部门；分部：树枝：支流：分支 whale /werl/n.鲸 protest /'pratest//vi.反对，抗strategy/'stratad3i/n.策略，行 deer /dia(r)/n.(pl.deer) 议：t.反对：坚持声称，申辩；动计划：策划，部署 track /traek/t.&vi.跟踪，追踪；/'prautest/.n.抗议，反对 recycle/,i:'sark/t.回收利用， n.足迹，踪迹：小道；轨道；跑profit/profit/n.利润，收益，好再利用 道：路线 处：vi.&t.获益，得到好处subway/'sAbwer/n.地铁：地下 habitat/'hebet/n.生活环境，栖defence/dr'fens/(AmE defense)n.人行道 息地 辩护：防御，保护；防御物：国former/'fma)/adj.昔日的，前 nowhere/'neuwea((r)/adv.无处，防；防守 任的：以前的，从前的 哪里都不 various/'vearias/adj.各种不同official/月'fi/n.官员，要员：adj. dolphin/'dplfin/.n.海豚 的，各种各样的 公务的：正式的，官方的 resident/rezidant/n.居民，住户process/'prauses/n.过程，进程；poverty/'pDvati/n.贫穷，贫困； chief /ti:f/n.首领，最高领导人：步骤，流程；t.加工，处理 贫乏 adj.主要的：首席的 economic/.ika'npmik/adj..经济poison/'p3Izn/vt.污染：毒死，毒 committee/k'mti/n.委员会 的，经济上的；可赚钱的 害；n.毒物，毒药 entirely /m'tarali/adv.完全地，全policy/'pplasi//n.政策，方针；原 易错词汇精讲 l.protest/'pratest/vi.反对，抗议：t.反对；坚持声称，申辩；/'prautest/n.抗议，反对 ·易错点：词性不同发音不同，作动词时重音在第二音节fpr3test,作名词时重音在第一音 节/prautest/;易混淆不及物动词用法(vi.+against)与及物动词用法(t.+that从句)。 ·精讲：作不及物动词时，常用搭配protest against sth.(反对某事)：作及物动词时，可接that从 句表示“坚持声称”。 .(1)Students protested against the new policy.(vi.)(2)She protested that she had never done it.(vt.) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The workers held a (抗议)against the low salary.(答案：protest) 2.process/'prauses/n.过程，进程；步骤，流程；t.加工，处理 必修第三册译林版 单元专版 ·易错点：词性不同发音不同，作名词时重音在第一音节/'prauses,作动词时重音在第二音 节pra'ss/:易混淆名词“过程”与动词“加工”的含义。 ·精讲：作名词时，常用搭配in the process of(在…过程中)：作动词时，宾语多为材料、数据 等，如process food(加工食品)、process data(处理数据)。 .(1)The building process will take three months.(n.)(2)The factory processes 100 tons of milk every day.(vt.) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：We are still in the (过程)of discussing this problem.(答案：process) 3.offici/a'f/n.官员，要员；adj.公务的：正式的，官方的 ·易错点：易混淆名词“官员”与形容词“官方的”用法：拼写易误写为offical(漏写第二个f)。 ·精讲：作形容词时，常用搭配official language(官方语言)、official announcement(官方公告)： 作名词时，指政府或机构中的官员。 .(1)The official report will be released tomorrow.(adj.)(2)An official from the ministry will give a speech.(n.) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The (官方的)website of the school provides all the necessary information.(答案：official) 4.poison/'poizn/t.污染；毒死，毒害：n.毒物，毒药 ·易错点：易混淆动词“污染：毒害”与名词“毒物”的用法：作动词时，宾语可以是人或物，需 注意搭配。 ·精讲：作名词时，为不可数名词，如a bottle of poison（一瓶毒药)：作动词时，常用搭配poison sb./sh.(毒害某人/污染某物)。 ·例句：(I)The river was poisoned by the factory's waste.(t.)(2)The doctor found poison in his blood.(n.) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：Some chemicals can (污染)the soil and water.(答案：poison) 5.various/'vearias/adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 ·易错点：易与近义词different混淆，various强调种类多，后接可数名词复数：different强调“不 同的”，常用搭配be different from。 ·精讲：常用搭配various kinds of(各种各样的)=all kinds of,后接复数名词，谓语动词用复数。 ·例句：There are various ways to solve this problem ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：They sell (各种各样的)fruits and veg- etables in the market..(答案：various). 6.policy/'pplasi/n.政策，方针：原则 必修第三册译林版 单元专版 ·易错点：复数形式易误写为policys,正确复数为policies(变y为i加es):易与politics(政治) 混淆。 ·精讲：常用搭配foreign policy(外交政策)、government policy(政府方针)，为可数名词。 ·例句：The new education policy will be carried out next year. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The government has made a new (政策) to protect the environment.(答案：policy) 7.branch/bra:ntf/n.(政府或机构)部门：分部：树枝：支流：分支 ·易错点：含义较多易混淆，需根据语境判断具体含义：易误写为branche(多余e)。 ·精讲：表示“部门”时，如the sales branch(销售部门)：表示“树枝”时，为可数名词，复数 branches ·例句：(I)The company has branches in many cities.(分部)(2)A bird is singing on the branch.(树 枝) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The bank has a new (分部)in our neigh- borhood. (答案：branch) 8.former/'f:mar)/adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 ·易错点：易与latter(后者的)混淆，常用搭配the former..the latter..(前者…后者…)：作 形容词时，只能作定语，不能作表语。 ·精讲：指“过去的，前任的”，如former president(前任总统)、former home(昔日的家)。 ·例句：Of the two books,I prefer the former one. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：Hr (前任的)husband is now living abroad.(答案：former) 9.profit/prDfit/n.利润，收益，好处：i.&t.获益，得到好处 ·易错点：易混淆名词“利润”与动词“获益”的用法；作动词时，不及物用法(profit from)与 及物用法(profit sb.)需注意。 ·精讲：作名词时，常用搭配make a profit（获利)：作动词时，常用profit from sth.(从…中获 益)，此时主语多为人。 ·例句：(I)The company made a big profit last year.(n.)(2)We can profit from our mistakes.(vi.) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：She hopes to (获益)from the new business. (答案：profit) 10.defence/d'fens/(AmE defense)n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物：国防；防守 ·易错点：英式拼写为defence,美式拼写为defense,.需注意版本差异；易与offence(冒犯)混 淆。 必修第三册译林版 单元专版 ·精讲：常用搭配national defence(国防)、in defence of(为…辩护)；表示“防守”时，对应 动词defend。. ·例句：He spoke in defence of his friend ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The army is responsible for the country's (防御).（答案：defence) 11.habitat/'haebitaet/n.生活环境，栖息地 ·易错点：易误写为habit（习惯)或habitat(多写h):为可数名词，复数形式直接加s。 ·精讲：指动植物的自然栖息地，常用搭配natural habitat（自然栖息地)、lose habitat(失去栖息 地)。 ·例句：The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：Many animals are losing their (栖息地) because of deforestation.(答案：habitat) 12.track /traek/vt.&vi.跟踪，追踪；n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 ·易错点：含义较多易混淆，作动词“跟踪”时，宾语可以是人或动物；作名词“轨道”时，常 用搭配on the track（在轨道上)。 ·精讲：作动词时，常用搭配track sb./sth.dowm(追踪到某人/某物)：作名词时，“跑道”指田径 场的跑道，“轨道”指火车轨道。 .:(1)The police tracked the criminal to a small village.(vt.)(2)The train is running on the track. (n.) ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The hunters followed the (踪迹)of the deer.(答案：track) 13.strategy/'strat3in.策略，行动计划；策划，部署 ·易错点：复数形式易误写为strategys,正确复数为strategies(变y为i加es);易与tactics(战 术，侧重具体方法)混淆，strategy侧重整体计划。 ·精讲：常用搭配marketing strategy(营销策略)、develop a strategy(制定策略). ·例句：We need to change our strategy to win the game. ·真题链接：（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The company hasanew (策略)to increase sales.(答案：strategy) 14.resident./'rezidant/n.居民，住户 ·易错点：易与citizen(公民，强调国籍)混淆，resident强调“居住在某地的人”；拼写易误写 为residant(错写d为t)。 ·精讲：常用搭配local resident(当地居民)、resident of(…的居民)。 ·例句：All residents of the building must register at the office. 必修第三册译林版 单元专版 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The workers decided to hold a against the unfair treatment. ●A.protest ·B.process ·C.policy 。D.profit 2.The company needs to the data before making a decision. 。A.official ●B.process ·C.poison ●D.track 3.This is the language used in government documents. ●A.former ●B.various ●C.official ●D.resident 4.Many animals are losing their natural due to deforestation. ·A.habitat ·B.branch ●C.defence ●D.strategy 5.You can a lot from reading classic books. ●A.protest 必修第三册译林版 单元专版 ·B.profit ·C.poison 。D.track 6.The president will give a speech at the university next week. ●A.former ●B.latter ●C.various ●D.resident 7.The bank has opened a new in the downtown area. ●A.process ·B.policy ·C.branch .D.profit 8.The team changed their to win the final match ●A.habitat 。B.strategy ●C.defence 。D.track 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government has introduced a new (政策)to reduce air pollution. 2.We are still in the (of planning our summer vacation. 3.The river was (污染)by the nearby factory's waste. 4.The police are trying to (追踪)the stolen car: 5.The (官方的)announcement will be made at3p.m. 6.Local (have complained about the noise from the construction site. 必修第三册译林版 单元专版 7.The company made a big (利润)last year.. 8.She spoke in (防御)of her friend's actions. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The students p against the new exam rules yesterday 2.There are v ways to solve this math problem. 3.The bird built its nest on a b of the big tree. 4.You shoulds the word“official'”with two“f”s. 5.The company's new s helped increase its sales by 20%. 6.The doctor found p in the patient's blood test. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The factory. (process)over 500 tons of materials every day. 2.We should learn from our mistakes and (profit)from them. 3.The (defence)of the city was strengthened last month 4.There are two books on the desk;I prefer the (former)one. 5.The company has many (branch)in different countries. 6.She (protest)that she was not involved in the incident. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.A5B6.A7.C8.B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.policy 2.process 3.poisoned 4.track 5.official 6.residents 7.profit 8.defence ·三、首字母填空 1.protested 2.various 3.branch 4.spell 5.strategy 6.poison ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.processes 2.profit 3.defence 4.former 5.branches 6.protested