Unit 6 Survival 二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·外研版·选择性必修第二册Unit6 Survival二 单元词汇总览 appreciate/A'pri:fieIt/v.欣赏；赏cave /kerv/n.洞穴 firefighter/'farefarte(r/m.消防队 识 heat wave酷热期，热浪期 员 crucial/'ku/adj.至关重要的，indoors/mdb:z/adv在室内 bring.under control使…处 关键性的 cope with应付 于控制之下 restrict /rr'strikt/w.限制，控制fuel/'fju:al/n.燃料 blaze /bleiz/n.烈火，大火 hiker/'haka(①/m.徒步旅行者，consumption /kan's△mpn/n.(精fierce/fias/adj.恶劣的，极端的 远足者 力、油、电等的)消耗量 react/ri'akt/v.(作出)反应 kit /kt/n.成套工具 supplement/'s△plrmant/v.补充，monthly/'maneli/adj.每月一次 optimistic/,pptr'mistrk/adj.乐观增补，增加 的 的：乐观主义的 eliminate'limineit/v.消除，根get rid of摆脱，除去 clay /kler/n.黏土 除 易错词汇精讲 1.appreciate/a'prifiet/v.欣赏；赏识 ·易错点：易忽略宾语，误用为不及物动词；易误拼为apprieciate(字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：及物动词，必须接宾语，常用搭配appreciate sth./doing sth.:表示“感激”时，后接it作 形式宾语，再接从句，如I appreciate it that you helped me.. ·例句：We appreciate your efforts to protect the environment, ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：I really appreciate (give) such a valuable opportunity to study abroad.(答案：being given). 2.crucial/kau:1/ad.至关重要的，关键性的 ·易错点：易误读为/'karu/(重音位置错误)；固定搭配be crucial to中to易误接动词原形（实 为介词，接名词/动名词)。 ·精讲：crucial重音在第一音节/'ku:/;核心搭配be crucial to sth./doing sth,表示“对…至 关重要”，相当于be vital to。 ·例句：Water is crucial to human survival ·真题链接：It is crucial keep)calm when facing difficulties.(答案：to keep) 3.restrict/r'strikt/v.限制，控制 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配restrict to与restrict from,介词搭配易误用。 ·精讲：restrict sb./sth.to sth.表示“限制在…范围内”；restrict sb.from doing sth.表示“阻止 某人做某事”，相当于prevent sb.from doing。 .(1)The speed is restricted to 60 km/h here.(2)Parents should restrict children from playing too many video games. ·真题链接：The government plans to restrict the factory (release)harmful gases. (答 案：from releasing) 4.optimistic/Dptr'mIstIk/adj..乐观的；乐观主义的 ·易错点：易误写为optimistical（多余后缀-al):固定搭配be optimistic about中about易漏用或 误用其他介词。 ·精讲：optimistic本身已是形容词，无optimistical形式；核心搭配be optimistic about sth.,表示 “对…乐观”，反义词组be pessimistic about。 ·例句：She remains optimistic about her future career. ·真题链接：Although he failed many times,.he was still optimistic achieving his goal. (答案：about) 5.supplement/'sAplmmant/y.补充，增补，增加 ·易错点：易混淆动词发音/'sAplimant/与名词发音/'sAplimant/(同形同音，但词性易混淆)；易 误写为supplemant(字母e/i混淆)。 ·精讲：作动词时，搭配supplement sth.with sth.,表示“用…补充…”；作名词时，指“补 充物”，如vitamin supplements。 ·例句：She supplements her income with part--time jobs. ·真题链接：Farmers often supplement their diet vegetables grown in their gardens. 案：with) 6.eliminate'lmmmert/v.消除，根除 ·易错点：易漏写中间的i,误写为elminate:易混淆搭配eliminate from与eliminate by,介词误 用。 ·精讲：eliminate sth.from sth.表示“从…中消除…”；eliminate sth.by doing sth.表示“通 过…消除…”。 ·例句：We need to eliminate errors from the report.. ·真题链接：The new policy aims to eliminate poverty providing more job opportunities. (答案：by) 7.consumption /k3n'smpn/h.(精力、油、电等的)消耗量 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易混淆名词consumption与动词consume,词性转换时易误写为consumeption(多字 母e):易误用为可数名词（实际为不可数名词）。 ·精讲：consumption为不可数名词，无复数形式；动词形式为consume /kan'sjum/,搭配energy consumption(能源消耗)，water consumption(用水量)。 ·例句：The country is trying to reduce energy consumption. ·真题链接：The (消耗)of coal has decreased by20%this year..(答案：consumption) 8.react /ri'ekty.(作出)反应 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配react to与react with,介词搭配易误用：易误写为re-act(多余连字 符，正确拼写为react)。 ·精讲：react to sth.表示“对…作出反应”；react with sth.表示“与…发生化学反应”（用于 化学语境)。 ·例句：(I)How did she react to the news'?(2)Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust. ·真题链接：People (react)differently to the same event..(答案：react) 9.nonthly/'mnθli/adj.每月一次的 ·易错点：易误写为nonthlyl小y(重复后缀-y):易混淆形容词与副词用法(monthly可兼作形容 词和副词，无需变形)。 ·精讲：monthly作形容词时修饰名词，如a monthly meeting(月度会议)；作副词时直接修饰动 词，如publish monthly(每月出版)。 ·例句：We have a monthly test on English grammar. ·真题链接：The magazine is published (month)and is popular among teenagers. (答 案：monthly) 10.cope with应付 ·易错点：易漏用with,误写为cope sth.(cope为不及物动词，必须加with后接宾语)：易与deal with混淆，语气强弱易忽略(cope with更强调“成功应对困难”)。 ·精讲：cope with=deal with,但cope with更侧重在压力或困难中“成功处理”，如cope with stress;deal with侧重“处理具体事务”，如deal with a problem。 ·例句：It's hard to cope with the pressure of exams. ·真题链接：Young people should learn to cope challenges in life independently..(答案： with) 易错词汇综合训练 高中外研版 寒假专版 1.一、单项选择 1.We truly appreciate us with the necessary materials for the project. ●A.you to help ●B.your helping ·C.you help ·D.you helped 2.A healthy diet is crucial maintaining good physical condition. 。A.to 。B.for 。C.with ●D.in 3.Parents should restrict their children spending too much time on social media. ●A.to ●B.fom 。C.in ●D.with 4.Though the situation seems tough,she remains optimistic the future. ●A.in .B.at ●C.about 。D.for 5.The new policy aims to eliminate pollution promoting green energy ·A.by 高中外研版 寒假专版 ●B.fom ●C.with ●D.through 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Regular exercise can help reduce energy (消耗)and improve metabolism. 2.She takes vitamin (补充剂)every morning to stay healthy. 3.The team needs to all potential risks before starting the experiment. 4.The magazine is published (每月)and has a wide readership. 5.It's important to learn how to (应付)stress in modern life. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The doctor advised him to s his diet with fresh vegetables and fruits. 2.The speed limit here is r to 40 km/h to ensure safety. 3.Being o about life can help people stay positive even in difficult times 4.The company plans to c_ with the challenge by developing new technologies. 5.Public reaction t the new law has been mixed so far. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.I really appreciate (give)the chance to present my ideas at the meeting. 2.Water is crucial to (sustain)all forms of life on Earth. 3.The government is taking measures to restrict factories from (dump)waste into rivers. 4.She supplements her income by (teach)English part-time. 5.The monthly report shows that energy (consume)has dropped by 15%this year. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3B4.C5.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.consumption 2.supplements 3.eliminate 4.monthly 5.cope ·三、首字母填空 1.supplement 2.restricted 3.optimistic 4.cope 5.to 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.being given 2.sustaining 3.dumping 4.teaching 5.consumption