Unit 6 Survival三-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·外研·选择性必修第二册Unit6 Survival三 单元词汇总览 Mars/ma:zn.火星 驾驶（操纵）的 同时 advanced/ad'va:nst/.adj.高级的；spacecraft/'speiskra:ft/n. 航天infer/m'f3:r)v.推断，推定 先进的 器，宇宙飞船 expose/k'spauz/v.使暴露（于险 wipe /warp/w.擦，拭，揩 orbit/'obt/v.环绕…运行 境) wipe out彻底摧毁，消灭 stunning/'stI/adj.极具吸引astronaut/'estran:th.宇航员， nuclear/'nju:klig(r)/adj.核武器力的：令人惊奇的 太空人 的 agency/'eId3nsih.机构：（尤指dust/dstn.沙土，尘土 terrifying/'terifan四/adj.极其可政府内的)局，部，处 capsule/kapsju:/n.(航天器的) 怕的，骇人听闻的 consist /kan'sIst/W.组成 密封舱，太空舱 hostile/'"hpstarl/adj.(生长环境)consist of由…构成，由…组exposure/ik'spU3(r)n.暴露 恶劣的 成 trunk /trAnk/n.树干 unmanned/,n'mend/adj.无人in the meantime在此期间，与此 易错词汇精讲 1.advanced/Ad'va:nst/adj.高级的；先进的 ·易错点：易混淆动词advance(前进；发展)与形容词advanced的词性，误用作动词；发音易 重音错位，正确重音在第二音节/ad'va:nst/。 ·精讲：固定搭配advanced technology(先进技术)：an advanced level(高级水平)。注意无“提 前的”含义，避免与in advance(提前)混淆。 ·例句：This country has developed advanced medical equipment.. ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The (先进的)AI system can recognize human emotions quickly..(答案：advanced) 2.wipe /warp/w.擦，拭，揩 ·易错点：固定短语wipe out易漏写out,或误用于“擦拭表面”场景(wipe out强调“彻底摧 毁”)；易混淆wipe与clean的用法(wipe侧重“擦拭动作”，clean侧重“清洁结果”)。 ·精讲：wipe sth.with sth.(用某物擦拭某物)；wipe out后接宾语表示“消灭”，如wipe out diseases(消灭疾病)。 .(1)She wiped the table with a cloth.(2)The earthquake almost wiped out the small village ·真题链接：The government is trying to out poverty in rural areas.(答案：wipe) 高中外研 寒假专版 3.consist/kan'sIst/v.组成 ·易错点：固定搭配consist of易误用主动语态，忽略其无被动形式：易混淆with与of,误写为 consist with(正确搭配为consist of,consist with表示“与…一致”，教材中不常用)。 ·精讲：th.consists of..(某物由…组成)，主语为整体，宾语为部分。 ·例句：The solar system consists of the sun and eight planets.. ·真题链接：Our class (由…组成)40 students and2 teachers.(答案：consists of) 4.exp0seIk'sp3Uzv.使暴露（于险境） ·易错点：易混淆expose与express(表达)的拼写；固定搭配expose.to..中to是介词，后接 名词或动名词，易误接动词原形。 ·精讲：expose sb./sth.to sth.（使…暴露于…)，如expose children to sunlight(让孩子接触 阳光)。 ·例句：Staying up late exposes your body to health risks. ·真题链接：It'sdangerous to your skin to strong sunlight for a long time.(答案：expose） 5.exposure/ik'spaU3a)/h.暴露 ·易错点：易与动词expose混淆词性，误用作动词；固定搭配exposure to中to是介词，易漏写。 ·精讲：exposure to sth.(暴露于…)，如exposure to radiation（暴露于辐射)。 ·例句：Long-term exposure to noise can cause hearing loss. ·真题链接：The (暴露)to air pollution may lead to respiratory problems..(答案：ex- posure) 6.orbit/'bt/w.环绕…运行 ·易错点：易混淆动词orbit与名词orbit(轨道)的用法；作动词时易误加介词around(orbit本 身已含“环绕”含义，无需加around)。 ·精讲：orbit可作及物动词直接接宾语，如The moon orbits the Earth. ·例句：Satellites orbit the planet to collect data ·真题链接：The spacecraft (环绕)Mars for three months before landing.（答案：orbited) 7.infer/n'f3:(r/w.推断，推定 ·易错点：易混淆infer与imply(暗示)的含义，infer是“由事实推断”，imply是“主动暗示”： 易误写为refer（参考)。 ·精讲：infer sth.from sth.（从…中推断出…)。 ·例句：We can infer his intention from his words and actions. 高中外研 寒假专版 ·真题链接：From the passage,.we can that the author supports this policy.(答案：infer) 8.hostile/'hpstarl/adj.(生长环境)恶劣的 ·易错点：易误记为“敌对的”（主要含义），忽略教材中“（环境）恶劣的”这一特定用法；发 音易重音错位，正确重音在第一音节/'hpstarl/。 ·精讲：hostile environment(恶劣环境)，如the hostile desert climate(恶劣的沙漠气候)。 ·例句：Few plants can survive in such a hostile environment. ·真题链接：The (恶劣的)conditions on Mars make it difficult for humans to live there. (答案：hostile) 9.agency/'eId3nsim.机构：局，部，处 ·易错点：易漏写中间的c,误写为agen(y)cy:易与agent(代理人)混淆。 ·精讲：government agency(政府机构)，如NASA is a famous space agency. ·例句：The environmental protection agency is responsible for air quality. ·真题链接：The new policy was issued by the local (机构).（答案：agency) 10.stunning/'stnn/adj.极具吸引力的：令人惊奇的 ·易错点：易与surprised(感到惊讶的)混淆，stunning强调“事物本身令人震惊”，主语为物： 易误写为stuning(漏写n)。 ·精讲：stunning scenery(迷人的风景)：a stunning result(惊人的结果)。 ·例句：The view from the mountain top is stunning. ·真题链接：The (令人惊奇的)photos of Mars taken by the rover went viral online.(答 案：stunning) 11.capsule/kapsju:h.（航天器的)密封舱，太空舱 ·易错点：易误读为/'kps(忽略尾音ju):易与“胶囊”含义混淆，需结合语境区分（教材 中特指航天器密封舱)。 ·精讲：space capsule(太空舱)：capsule landing(舱体着陆)。 ·例句：The astronauts returned to Earth in the capsule.. ·真题链接：The (密封舱)separated from the rocket and entered orbit.(答案：capsule） 12.trunk /trAnk/n.树干 ·易错点：易与“行李箱”含义混淆，教材中重点为“树干”：易误写为uck(卡车)。 ·精讲：the trunk of a tree(树干)：a thick trunk(粗壮的树干)。 高中外研 寒假专版 ·例句：The elephant used its trunk to pick up the leaves..(注：此处“象鼻”为引申义，教材核心 义为“树干”) ·真题链接：The (树干)of the ancient tree is about two meters in diameter.(答案：trunk) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The medical team uses technology to treat difficult diseases. ●A.advance ·B.advanced 。C.advancing ●D.advances 2.The villagers tried their best to out the fire before it spread. ●A.clean ·B.wipe 。C.take ●D.put 3.Our Solar System of the Sun,planets,and other celestial bodies. ●A.nakes up ●B.consists of ·C.is composed ●D.is made from 4.It'sharmful to your eyes to bright screens for hours without rest. ·A.eXp0se ●B.express 高中外研 寒假专版 ·C.explain ●D.explore 5.From the data collected,scientists can that global temperatures are rising. ●A.imply ●B.infer 。C.inform ●D.invite 6.The environment in the desert makes it hard for plants to grow. ·A.friendly ·B.hostile ·C.peaceful ●D.comfortable 7.NASA is a famous that focuses on space exploration. ·A.agent ●B.agency ●C.agenda ●D.angle 8.The photos taken by the Mars rover are truly Land have amazed people worldwide. ●A.stunning ●B.surprised ●C.boring 。D.tiring 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The new AI system is equipped with (先进的algorithms to process data quickly. 高中外研 寒假专版 2.The government has launched a project to (消灭)poverty in remote areas by2030. 3.Our school's science club (由…组成)over50 students and3 teachers. 4.Long-term (to air pollution may increase the risk of lung disease. 5.The spacecraft successfully (环绕)the Earth three times before landing 6.The ancient tree's (树干)is so thick that three people can't hug it. 7.The (密封舱)protected the astronauts during their journey back to Earth. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The robot can perform tasks with a high level of a technology,making work more effi- cient. 2.To keep the table clean,please w it with a damp cloth after meals. 3.The team's success c_ of hard work,good communication,and strong leadership 4.Children should be protected from e to violent content on the internet. 5.Theh climate in the Arctic requires special equipment for survival. 6.The local a announced new measures to improve public transportation 7.The sunset over the ocean created a s view that left everyone speechless. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The research team is working on a project that involves (expose)plants to different light conditions. 2.The solar system,which (consist)of eight planets,is part of the Milky Way galaxy. 3.The (stun)discovery of water on Mars has excited scientists around the world. 4.Before the experiment,students must wear protective gear to avoid (expose)to harmful chemicals. 5.The satellite (orbit)Mars for two years,collecting valuable data about its surface. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.B3.B4.A5B6B7.B8.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.advanced 2.wipe 3.consists of 4.exposure 5.orbited 6.trunk 7.capsule ·三、首字母填空 1.advanced 2.wipe 3.consists 4.exposure 5.hostile 6.agency 7.stunning 高中外研 寒假专版 ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.exposing 2.consists 3.stunning 4.exposure 5.orbited