Unit 6 At one with nature一-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲必修第一册（外研版）

高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·外研·必修第一册Unit6 At one with nature 单元词汇总览 wrap /raep/V.包，裹 毛雨 disaster/dr'za:sta(/n.灾难，灾 sheet /fi:t/n.(水或冰等的)一 shower/jaar)/n.阵雨 祸 大片 thunder/'0nda()/n.雷，雷声v.damage/'dend3/V.&n.损害， frost/fDst/n.霜 打雷 损坏 frozen/'frauzn/adj.冻结的，冰lightning/'latn/n.闪电 destroy/dr'stro1/v.摧毁，毁灭 封的 thunderstorm/'0 ndasto:m/n.雷ruin/'u:n/v.毁坏，破坏n.废 roof/uf/n.屋顶，顶部 暴，雷雨 墟 icicle/arsikl/n.冰柱，冰锥 blizzard/'blrzad/n.暴风雪，雪暴survive/sa'vaIv/v.幸存，存活 mist/mIst/n.薄雾，雾气 hurricane/'harikan/n.飓风 survivor/sa'varva()/n.幸存者， fog/fDg/n.雾 typhoon /tar'fu:n/n.台风 生还者 foggy/fogi/adj..有雾的，多雾的tornado/t:'neIdau/n.龙卷风，旋 drizzle/'drz/v.下毛毛雨n.毛风 易错词汇精讲 1.damage/'daemid/V.&n.损害，损坏 ·易错点：作名词时易与destroy/ruin混淆，damage为不可数名词，侧重“部分损坏”：destroy/ruin 侧重“彻底摧毁”。 ·精讲：作名词时无复数形式，常用搭配do damage to sth.;作动词时直接接宾语，如damage the house。 ·例句：The storm caused great damage to the village.(风暴给村庄造成了巨大损害。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习）：The heavy rain (damage)many houses in the town last night.(答案：damaged) 2.destroy/d'stro/v.摧毁，毁灭 ·易错点：易与damage/uin混淆，destroy强调“不可修复的破坏”，主语多为自然力或暴力。 ·精讲：及物动词，无被动语态（物作主语时表主动破坏），搭配destroy sth.completely。 ·例句：The earthquake destroyed the whole city.(地震摧毁了整座城市。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元测试）：The fire (destroy)most of the building,.leaving only walls.(答案：destroyed) 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 3.ruin/':m/V.毁坏，破坏n.废墟 ·易错点：作动词时易与destroy混淆，ruin可表“逐渐毁坏”（如健康、名誉)：作名词时常用 复数uins(废墟)。 ·精讲：固定搭配uin one's health/reputation;in ruins(成为废墟)。 ·例句：Smoking will ruin your health.(吸烟会毁坏你的健康。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册达标检测）：The ancient temple is now in (ruin) after the war.(答案：ruins) 4.survive/a'vaIv/v.幸存，存活 ·易错点：易误用作不及物动词接宾语，需直接接宾语(survive sth.),或用于survive from sth. (从…中存活)。 ·精讲：survive the accident（从事故中幸存)；survive on sth.(靠…生存)。 ·例句：Only a few people survived the plane crash.（只有少数人在空难中幸存。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册周测卷）：He managed to (survive)in the desert for seven days with little water.(答案：survive) 5.shower/'Jaa(r)/n.阵雨 ·易错点：易与rain混淆，shower指“短时间的阵雨”，为可数名词：rain泛指“雨”，不可数。 ·精讲：a heavy shower(一场大雨)；take a shower(洗澡，注意另义)。 ·例句：We were caught in a shower on the way home.(我们回家路上遇上了阵雨。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习）：There will be a (shower)this afternoon,so take an umbrella.(答案：shower)） 6.foggy/fDgi/adj.有雾的，多雾的 ·易错点：易误写为foggy(正确)，但易混淆名词fog与形容词foggy的用法，如“雾天”是 foggy day,非fog day。 ·精讲：由名词fog+y构成形容词，类似词汇有rainy,sunny。 ·例句：It's foggy today,so we should drive carefully..（今天有雾，我们开车要小心。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元测试）：The (fog)weather made the visibility very low.(答案：fogy) 7.thunderstorm/'end3stm/n.雷暴，雷雨 ·易错点：易误拆分为thunder storm(错误)，为合成词，需连写，由thunder+storm构成。 ·精讲：指“伴有雷电的暴风雨”，可数名词，a severe thunderstorm(强烈雷暴)。 ·例句：A thunderstorm hit the area last night,.causing power cuts.(昨晚一场雷暴袭击了该地区，导 致停电。) 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 ·真题链接： (外研版高中必修第一册词汇练习)：We had to cancel the picnic because of the (thunderstorm).(答案：thunderstorm) 8.tornado:nerdau/n.龙卷风，旋风 ·易错点：复数形式易误写为tornados(正确)或tornadoes(更常用)，需注意不规则复数变化。 ·精讲：可数名词，a tornado warning（龙卷风预警)：复数可加-s或-es。 ·例句：Several tornadoes swept through the state last month.(上个月多场龙卷风席卷了该州。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册阅读填空）：The (tornado)destroyed everything in its path.(答案：tornado) 9.wrap /rap/.包，裹 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配，wrap sth.in sth.(用…包裹某物)，易漏介词in。 ·精讲：及物动词，wrap the gift in paper(用纸包礼物)；被动语态be wrapped in。. ·例句：She wrapped the baby in a blanket to keep warm.(她用毯子裹住婴儿保暖。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册语法填空）：The present (wrap)in red paper looks very beautiful.(答案：wrapped) 10.sheet/f:t/n.(水或冰等的)一大片 ·易错点：易忽略“大片”的抽象含义，仅理解为“床单”，需根据语境判断，如a sheet of ice (一片冰)。 ·精讲：固定搭配a sheet of+不可数名词/集体名词，如a sheet of water(一片水域)。 ·例句：The lake was covered with a thick sheet of ice in winter..(冬天湖面结了一层厚冰。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册词汇辨析）：A (sheet)of fog covered the valley in the morning.(答案：sheet) 11.frozen/'frauzn/adj.冻结的，冰封的 ·易错点：易与freezing混淆，frozen指“已结冰的”（状态）：freezing指“极冷的”（温度）。 ·精讲：freeze的过去分词作形容词，frozen food(冷冻食品)：freezing weather（严寒天气)。 ·例句：The lake is frozen solid,,so we can skate on it..(湖面冻得很结实，我们可以在上面滑冰。) ·真题链接：：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习)：Th (frozen)river is dangerous to walk on.(答案：frozen) 12.disaster/d'za:sta)/n.灾难，灾祸 ·易错点：易误写为disastor(错误)，注意词尾为-er,非-or;为可数名词。 ·精讲：natural disaster(自然灾害)；a disaster area(灾区)。 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 ·例句：The flood was the worst disaster in the region's history.(这场洪水是该地区历史上最严重 的灾难。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元测试）：We should prepare for natural (disaster)such as earthquakes.(答案：disasters)? 13.roof /ru:f/n.屋顶，顶部 ·易错点：复数形式易误写为rooves(用法)，现代英语常用roofs。 ·精讲：可数名词，on the roof(在屋顶上)：a flat roof(平屋顶)。 ·例句：The cat is sitting on the roof of the house.(猫坐在房子的屋J顶上。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册词汇练习）：The workers are repairing the (roof) of the school building.(答案：roofs) 14.mist/mist/n.薄雾，雾气 ·易错点：易与fog混淆，mist指“薄雾”（能见度较高），fog指“浓雾”（能见度低）。 ·精讲：不可数名词，a layer of mist(一层薄雾)：misty(形容词，多雾的)。 ·例句：The mountain was covered in mist early in the morning.(清晨mountain被薄雾笼罩。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册阅读填空）：The (mist)forest looked like a fairyland.(答案：misty) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The storm caused great to the village,but most houses can still be repaired. ●A.damage ·B.destroy 。C.uin ●D.uins 2.The earthquake completely the old temple,leaving nothing but stones. 。A.damaged ●B.destroyed 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 ·C.uined ●D.survived 3.Smoking can your health gradually if you don't give it up. ●A.damage ●B.destroy ●C.uin 。D.wrap 4.Only three passengers the terrible car accident last night. ●A.survived ●B.damaged 。C.destroyed 。D.ruined 5.We were caught in a sudden on the way to school,so we all got wet. ●A.rain ●B.shower 。C.fog ●D.nist 6.It's today,you'd better drive slowly on the highway. 。A.fog ·B.foggy ·C.freezing 。D.frozen 7.Asevere hit the area last night,with thunder and heavy rain. ●A.thunder storm 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 ·B.thunderstorm ●C.tornado 。D.disaster 8.The workers are repairing the of the buildings after the storm. ●A.roof ●B.roofs ●C.rooves ●D.sheet 9.The lake is in winter,so children like to skate on it. 。A.freezing ●B.frozen 。C.foggy 。D.misty 10.The ancient city lay in after the war,with no complete buildings left ●A.uin ●B.1uins ●C.damage ·D.destroy 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The heavy rain (损害)many houses in the town last night. 2.The fire (摧毁)most of the building,leaving only walls. 3.The ancient temple is now in (废墟)after the war. 4.He managed to (in the desert for seven days with little water. 5.There will be a (阵雨)this afternoon,so take an umbrella 6.The (有雾的)weather made the visibility very low. 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 7.We had to cancel the picnic because of the (雷暴) 8.The (龙卷风)destroyed everything in its path 9.The present (包裹)in red paper looks very beautiful,. 10.A (大片)of fog covered the valley in the morning. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The storm did great d to the crops in the field. 2.The fire completely d the old library,including all the books. 3.Smoking will r your health if you don't stop it. 4.Only a few people s the plane crash last year 5.The weather report says there will be a s this evening. 6.It'sf today,so the airport has to delay some flights. 7.At hit the city last night,causing power cuts. 8.The workers are fixing the r of the house after the storm 9.The lake is f solid,so we can walk on it. 10.The village was in r after the flood. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The heavy rain (damage)many houses in the town last night. 2.The fire (destroy)most of the building,leaving only walls. 3.The ancient temple is now in (ruin)after the war. 4.He managed to (survive)in the desert for seven days with little water. 5.The (fog)weather made the visibility very low. 6.We had to cancel the picnic because of the (thunderstorm). 7.The (tornado)destroyed everything in its path 8.The present (wrap)in red paper looks very beautiful 9.A (sheet)of fog covered the valley in the morning. 10.The (frozen)river is dangerous to walk on. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.A5B6.B7.B8B9.B10.B 高中必修第一册外研 寒假专版 ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.damaged 2.destroyed 3.ruins 4.survive 5.shower 6.foggy 7.thunderstorm 8.tornado 9.wrapped 10.sheet ·三、首字母填空 1.damage 2.destroyed 3.ruin 4.survived 5.shower 6.foggy 7.thunderstorm 8.roofs 9.frozen 10.ruins ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.damaged 2.destroyed 3.ruins 4.survive 5.foggy 6.thunderstorm 7.tornado 8.wrapped 9.sheet 10.frozen