Unit 1 Science Fiction二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修4Unit1 Science Fiction二 单元词汇总览 fare/fea)/m.车费：船费；飞机salesman/'seilzman/n.售货员；采取措施 票价 推销员 conflict with短语与…冲突或 weekly/wi:kli/adj.每周的n.周alien/erlian/n.外星人（生物：外抵触 刊 国人adj.陌生的：外星的：外国labour/'leba)m.劳动（者）：体 on a.basis短语根据；以…的 力劳动vi.奋斗：努力工作 的方式（基准） pros and cons短语事物的利与leather/'lea)m.皮革；[pl.]皮 calculate/'kaelkjulert/t.计算：核弊；支持与反对 衣：皮外套 算：预测 blurred /bl3:d/adj.模糊不清的；lever/Ii:va(:NAmE'levar/n.操 chairwoman/'tfeawuman/h.女难以区分的 纵杆：杠杆 主席：女董事长：女委员长 superior /su:'pIari(r);sju:-/adj.panel/'paenl/n.控制板：仪表盘： gramme (NAmE gram)/gren/h.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或专家咨询组 克（重量单位） 重要性上)更高的superior to比inch/ntm.英寸（长度单位，等 f1our/'flava(r)m.面粉；（谷物磨 …更好：更胜一筹 于2.54厘米) 成的)粉 take over短语占上风；取而代 venue/'venju:h.活动场地（如音之；接管；接手 乐厅、会场等) inaction/m'ekjn/n.无行动：不 易错词汇精讲 1.superior/su:'pIaria(r);sju:-/adj.更好的；占优势的：（在级别或重要性上）更高的 ·易错点：易误用”than'搭配，正确搭配为”superior to'”(比…更好)，无比较级形式。 ·精讲：本身含比较意义，不可说”more superior'”,固定结构A is superior to B”表示“A优于B”。 ·例句：This model is superior to the old one in performance. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：Her design is far to mine in terms of creativity..(答案：superior) 2.labour/'1eba(r)h.劳动（者）：体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作 ·易错点：易混淆英式拼写labour”与美式拼写labor'”(人教版教材用英式)；作“劳动”时不 可数，无复数形式。 ·精讲：指“体力劳动”时不可数，如'manual labour'”;指“劳工”时可作可数名词，如'skilled labours'。 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·例句：Farmers often do heavy labour in the fields. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：The project requires a lot of hard and patience.(答案：labour) 3.alien/'ein/m.外星人；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的：外国的 ·易错点：易混淆形容词“陌生的”与“外国的”含义；作名词“外国人”时易误与foreigner' 通用，alien更正式且含“外来者”意味。 ·精讲：作形容词表“陌生的”时，搭配be alien to sth.”(与…格格不入)：作名词时可指“外 星人”或“外籍人士”。 ·例句：The custom here is alien to me, ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：Some people believe that (外星人)exist in the universe.(答案：aliens) 4.calculate/'kaeIkjuleIt/vt.计算：核算；预测 ·易错点：易误加介词，如”calculate on sth.”表示“指望某事”，而直接“计算数值”时无需介词。 ·精讲：直接接宾语表示“计算”，如”calculate the cost”;后接that从句”表“预测”，如I calculate that we'll arrive at 6 pm." ·例句：Please calculate the total score for this exam ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：We need to (计算)the area of the triangle first..(答案：calculate) 5.conflict with短语与…冲突或抵触 ·易错点：易漏写”with”,误写为”conflict sth.”:主语通常为“事物”，不可用于“人冲突”（人 冲突用'argue with”)。 ·精讲：固定搭配”A conflict with B”(A与B冲突)，如His actions conflict with his words.” ·例句：Your plan conflicts with the school's regulations. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：Her opinion (与…冲突) mine on this issue.(答案：conflicts with) 6.take over短语占上风：取而代之；接管；接手 ·易错点：易混淆“接管”与“占据”含义，被动语态需用be taken over'”;后接宾语时无需介词。 ·精讲：表示“接管机构/职位”时，如'take over the company”;表示“占上风”时，如Darkness took over the sky.” ·例句：She will take over the project after the manager retires, ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：The new CEO will (接管) the company next month.(答案：take over) 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 7.pros and cons短语事物的利与弊；支持与反对 ·易错点：易误写为”pro and con'”(需用复数形式)：作主语时谓语动词用复数。 ·精讲：固定短语，无所有格形式，如weigh the pros and cons”（权衡利弊)。 ·例句：We should discuss the pros and cons of this decision. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习)：Before making a choice,it's important to consider all the (利与弊).（答案：pros and cons). 8.on abasis短语根据；以…的方式（基准） ·易错点：易漏写”a”或'on”,正确结构为”ona+adj.+basis”,如on a daily basis”(每天)。 ·精讲：表示“以…频率/方式”，相当于副词，如He exercises on a weekly basis.”=He exercises weekly.” ·例句：We meet on a monthly basis to discuss progress. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习） The report should be submitted (以每周为基准).（答案：on a week灿y basis). 9.chairwoman/'t∫eawuman/m.女主席；女董事长；女委员长 ·易错点：易误写为'chairman'”(指男性)或”chairperson'”(中性)，需根据性别区分；复数形式 为'chairwomen'”。 ·精讲：对应男性为”chairman'”,中性为”chairperson'”,不可混用。 ·例句：The chairwoman of the committee will host the meeting. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：The (女主席)announced the result of the election.(答案：chairwoman) 10.blurred /bls3:d/adj.模糊不清的：难以区分的 ·易错点：易误写为blured”(错误拼写，正确为blurred);易与'fuzzy”混淆，blurred强调“轮 廓模糊”，zzy强调“质地模糊”。 ·精讲：常用来形容视力、记忆或图像，如blurred vision”(模糊的视力)。 ·例句：The old photo has a blurred image of my grandparents. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：His memories of childhood are (模糊不 清的)after so many years..(答案：blurred). 11.inch/ntm.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米） ·易错点：易混淆与“英尺”(foo)的换算关系(1foot=12 inches):复数形式为”inches”,缩写 为in”。 ·精讲：表示“几英寸”时用”基数词+inches”,如5 inches”;作动词时表示“缓慢移动”，如inch forward'(慢慢前进)。 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·例句：The screen is24 inches wide. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：The length of the desk is about30 (英寸). (答案：inches) 12.panel/'penl/n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 ·易错点：易混淆“专家咨询组”与“面板”含义：作“专家组”时谓语动词可用单数或复数 (侧重整体用单数，侧重成员用复数)。 ·精讲：指“控制板”时，如'control panel'';指“专家组”时，如'a panel of experts'”。 ·例句：The panel will discuss the environmental issues tomorrow. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：The」 (专家咨询组)reached an agreement after three hours of discussion.(答案：panel) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Her performance in the competition was clearly superior all others. ●A.than ●B.to ●C.with 。D.from 2.The project requires a lot of hard and careful planning. ·A.labors ●B.labor 。C.laboring 。D.labored 3.The custom of eating zongzi during Dragon Boat Festival is completely to many foreign- ers. ●A.alien 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ●B.strange ·C.foreign ●D.different 4.You need to the total cost before making a decision. ●A.calculate on ●B.calculate 。C.calculation 。D.calculating 5.His actions often with his promises,making others distrust him. ●A.conflict ●B.conflict to ●C.conflict with 。D.conflicting 6.After the manager retired,his assistant took the company successfully. ●A.over 。B.up 。C.on 。D.off 7.We should weigh the Land cons before choosing a college major. ●A.pro ●B.pros 。C.prone ●D.problem 8.The research team meets a weekly basis to share progress. 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·A.0n ●B.in ●C.at ●D.with 9.The new will host the meeting tomorrow morning. ●A.chairman ●B.chairwoman ●C.chairperson ●D.chairs 10.Due to his poor eyesight,the words on the blackboard appeared 。A.blur ●B.blurry ●C.blurred ●D.bluring 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The new model is (优于)to the old one in both quality and price. 2.Manual (is still necessary in some traditional industries. 3.Some people claim to have seen (外星人)in remote areas. 4.Please (计算)the average score of the class for me. 5.The two plans (与…冲突)each other,.so we need to adjust one. 6.The young engineer will (接管)the project next month. 7.Beforemaking a decision,it's important to consider all the (利 与弊) 8.The report should be submitted (以每周为基准) 9.The (女主席)of the organization delivered a speech at the opening ceremony.. 10.His childhood memories became (模糊不清的)after so many years. 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 3.三、首字母填空 1.This product is s to others because of its unique design. 2.Heavy1 work has made his hands rough and strong. 3.The idea of living alone is a to a person who enjoys company. 4.Can you c the distance between the two cities on the map? 5.Her behavior c with her words,so no one believes her. 6.The company was t. over by a larger enterprise last year 7.We need to discuss the p_ and cons of online learning. 8.The team holds meetings o_ a monthly basis. 9.The c announced the start of the conference with a smile 10.The old photo has a b image due to long storage. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.This brand is known for its (superior)quality in the market. 2.The construction of the building required hundreds of skilled (labour). 3.Many science fiction films describe (alien)visiting Earth 4.The teacher asked us to (calculation)the area of the circle. 5.His opinion (conflict)with mine on the issue of climate change 6.The small company was (take)over by a multinational group. 7.We must weigh all the pros and (con)before making a final choice. 8.She exercises (on a daily basis)to keep fit 9.The (chairwoman)of the committee will resign next month 10.After the rain,the view from the mountain became (blur). 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.B3.A4.B5.C6.A7.B8.A9.B10.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.superior 2.labour 3.aliens 4.calculate 5.conflicts with 6.take over 7.pros and cons 8.on a weekly basis 9.chairwoman 10.blurred ·三、首字母填空 1.superior 2.labour 3.alien 4.calculate 5.conflicts 6.taken 7.pros 8.on 9.chairwoman 10.blurred 高中选修4人教 寒假专版 ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.superior 2.labours 3.aliens 4.calculate 5.conflicts 6.taken 7.cons 8.on a daily basis 9.chairwoman 10.blurred