Unit 3 Environmental Protection一-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修3Unit3 Environmental Protection 单元词汇总览 graph/gra:f/n.图：图表；曲线图放：发布 fossil/'fosl/n.化石 emission/i'nrn/m.排放物；散发methane'mi:0en/n.甲烷；沼气fuel/fju:al/h.燃料；刺激性言行 物：排放 carbon/'kabn/m.碳 fossil fuel短语化石燃料（如煤或 melt/melt/wi.&t.(使)融化：熔dioxide/dar'pksaid/n.二氧化物 石油) 化：软化 carbon dioxide短语二氧化碳 comprehensive komprI'hen- starve/sta:vwi.&t.(使)挨饿：habitable/'haebitabl/adj.适合居siv/adj..全部的：所有的：详尽的 饿死 住的 worldwide/'w3:ldwaId/adv.遍及 seal/si:lm.海豹 sustain/sa'stem/t.维持：遭受：全球地adj.世界各地的：影响全 ecology /i'kplad3i/n.生态；生态承受住 世界的 学 sustainable/sa'steinabl/ad.可持trend/trend/m.趋势；趋向；动向 release /rI'li:st.&n.排放；释续的：合理利用的 易错词汇精讲 1.emission/i'mumn.排放物：散发物：排放 ·易错点：易误写为emmission(多写m):发音易将重音错置于第一个音节。 ·精讲：该词由动词emit(排放)加名词后缀-sion构成，注意中间只有一个m。常与介词of搭 配，如emissions of carbon dioxide。. ·例句：The factory has reduced its emissions of harmful gases this year ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The government is taking measures to control air (排放物).（答案：emission) 2.melt/melt/.vi.&t.(使)融化；熔化；软化 ·易错点：易混淆过去式过去分词形式，误写为melt(原形)或meltet,正确形式为melted。 ·精讲：作不及物动词时表示“自身融化”，如The snow melts quickly;作及物动词时表示“使 某物融化”，如He melted the ice with a heater。 ·例句：The sun melted the snow on the roof. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The ice一（融化）completely when the temperature rose above zero.(答案：nelted) 3.release /rI'li:s/t.&n.排放；释放；发布 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·易错点：易与relate(联系)混淆拼写：作“释放”讲时易误用为set free,但release更正式， 可用于抽象事物（如气体、信息）。 ·精讲：作动词时，搭配release into(释放到…中)：作名词时，常用搭配the release of sth.。 ·例句：The company released a new report on environmental protection. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The factory was fined for一（排放）untreated waste water into the river.(答案：releasing) 4.carbon dioxide短语二氧化碳 ·易错点：易漏写dioxide中的i,误写为carbondioxide(连写)或carbon dioxid:注意CO2是其 缩写形式。 ·精讲：固定短语，由carbon(碳)和dioxide(二氧化物)构成，不可拆分或删减字母。 ·例句：Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen,. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：Burning fossil fuels produces large amounts of一 (二氧化碳)，which causes global warming.(答案：carbon dioxide) 5.sustain/sa'sten/t.维持：遭受：承受住 ·易错点：易与retain(保留)、maintain(维护)混淆：易误写为sustainable(形容词，可持续 的)。 ·精讲：sustain强调“长期维持”或“承受压力/损失”，如sustain life(维持生命)、sustain injuries (受伤)。 ·例句：The soil here cannot sustain crops without irrigation ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The old bridge can no longer一（承受）the weight of heavy trucks.(答案：sustain) 6.sustainable/sa'stemabl/adj.可持续的；合理利用的 ·易错点：易漏写中间的a,误写为sustanable:易与sustain(动词)混淆词性。 ·精讲：常用搭配sustainable development(可持续发展)、sustainable energy(可再生能源)。 ·例句：We should promote sustainable use of natural resources. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：It is important to develop一（可持续的）agriculture to protect the environment.(答案：sustainable) 7.fossil fuel短语化石燃料（如煤或石油） ·易错点：易误写为fosil fuel(漏写s)或fossil fuels(多余复数，该短语通常作不可数名词用)。 ·精讲：固定短语，fossil(化石)修饰ful(燃料)，指由古代生物遗体形成的燃料。 ·例句：Burning fossil fuel is a major cause of air pollution 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习)：Most of the energy we use comes from一一（化石 燃料)like coal and oil..(答案：fossil fuel) 8.comprehensive/,kompri'hensrv/ad.全部的：所有的；详尽的 ·易错点：拼写复杂，易漏写中间的h或s,误写为comprehesive;重音易读错，正确重音在倒 数第三个音节。 ·精讲：常用搭配comprehensive report(详尽报告)、comprehensive knowledge(全面的知识)。 ·例句：The government made a comprehensive plan to fight pollution. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习)：Our school offers a.一（全面的）course on environmental science.(答案：comprehensive) 9.worldwide/'w3 IdwaId/adv.遍及全球地ad.世界各地的；影响全世界的 ·易错点：易误写为worldwide(拆分)或world-wide(连字符，教材中通常连写)：作形容词和 副词时易混淆用法。 ·精讲：作形容词时修饰名词，如worldwide attention(全球关注)；作副词时修饰动词，如spread worldwide(传遍全球)。 ·例句：The news has attracted worldwide attention. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习)：The disease spread一（遍及全球地）in a short time. (答案：worldwide) 10.trend/trend/n.趋势；趋向：动向 ·易错点：易与tend(动词，倾向于)混淆：易误写为trand(字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：常用搭配follow the trend(跟随趋势)、a rising/falling trend(上升/下降趋势)。 ·例句：There is a growing trend towards online shopping. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The_(趋势)of global warming has become a serious problem for humanity..(答案：trend) 11.ecology /i'kplad3i/n.生态：生态学 ·易错点：易漏写字母o,误写为ecolgy:重音易读错，正确发音为i'kDlad3i(重音在第二个音 节)。 ·精讲：学科名词，相关形容词为ecological(生态的)，常用搭配ecology balance(生态平衡)。 ·例句：We should learn more about ecology to protect the environment. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：The study of一（生态学）helps us understand the relationship between living things and their environment.(ecology) 12.methane/'mi:0en/n.甲烷；沼气 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·易错点：拼写易错，易误写为methan(漏写e)或methene(混淆乙烯ethene):发音易将/mi:den 读为/'me0em/。 ·精讲：不可数名词，是一种温室气体，常用搭配methane emissions(甲烷排放)。 ·例句：Rice fields are a major source of methane.. ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）：一（甲烷）is a potent greenhouse gas with a high global warming potential.(答案：Methane) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The government is taking measures to reduce air_from factories ●A.emmission ●B.emission ●C.emisssion ●D.eimission 2.The ice-completely when the temperature reached 10C last week. ●A.melt ·B.melts ·C.melted 。D.neltet 3.The factory was criticized for_untreated waste into the river. ·A.releasing ●B.relating ·C.relasing 。D.relaiting 4.-is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·A.Carbon dioxide ●B.Carbone dioxide ●C.Carbon dioxid ●D.Carbone dioxid 5.We need to develop_energy sources to protect the environment. ●A.sustain ●B.sustainable ●C.sustanable 。D.sustaining 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The study of()helps us understand the balance between organisms and their environment. 2.Burning一一（化石燃料）is a major cause of air pollution 3.The company released a_(全面的)report on climate change last month 4.There is a growing_()towards using renewable energy in recent years. 5.Rice fields are a significant source of(),a potent greenhouse gas. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The new policy aims to control the e of harmful gases from industries. 2.Global warming has caused the polar ice to mat an alarming rate. 3.S_development means meeting current needs without harming future generations. 4.The disease spread wwithin weeks,affecting millions of people worldwide. 5.We must sthe ecological balance to protect biodiversity. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The old building can no longer-(sustain)the weight of modern equipment. 2.(release)harmful chemicals into the air is strictly prohibited by law. 3.The _(trend)of rising sea levels has become a global concern. 4.She is studying_(ecology)to better understand environmental issues. 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 5.The_(sustain)use of resources is crucial for long-term development. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3.A4.A5B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.ecology 2.fossil fuel 3.comprehensive 4.trend 5.methane ·三、首字母填空 1.emission 2.melt 3.Sustainable 4.worldwide 5.sustain ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.sustain 2.Releasing 3.trend 4.ecology 5.sustainable