Unit 4 Adversity and Courage三-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（人教版）

高中选修3人教 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·选修3Unit4 Adversity and Courage 单元词汇总览 bat/baet/h.球拍：蝙蝠vi.&t.布；宣传；做广告 make fire短语生火 用球板击球：挥打；拍打 corporate/'kpr3t/adj.公司的；give off短语放出（热、光、气味 damp/demp/adj.潮湿的：湿气法人的：社团的 或气体) 重的 rough /rAf/adj.汹涌的：粗糙的：episode'episaud/n.(人生的)一 recreation/,rekri'eIn/m.娱乐；消粗略的 段经历：（小说的）片段：插曲 遣：游戏 navigator/'naevigeita/h.领航员；commitment /k3'mitmant/h.承 guidance/'gaidns/n.指导；引导；（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者 诺：保证：奉献 导航 loyal/lIal/adj.忠诚的：忠实的motive/'m3otvh.动机：原因；目 nephew/'nefju:m.侄子：外甥motor/'mata)h.发动机：马达的 advertising/'edvataIz/n.广告adj.有引擎的；机动车的 Confucianism /kan'fju:fanizam/n. 活动：广告业 candidate/'kaendidat/n.候选人；孔子学说：儒家（学说） advertise/'edvataIz/vt.&vi.公应试者 易错词汇精讲 1.advertising/edvataIz)/n.广告活动：广告业 ·易错点：易与动词advertise/'edvataIz/混淆，词性和拼写差异易出错：易误写为advertizing(美 式拼写以-ising结尾为错误形式)。 ·精讲：advertising是不可数名词，指“广告业”或“广告活动”；advertise是动词，意为“做广 告”。 ·例句：The company spends a lot of money on advertising every year..(这家公司每年在广告活动 上花费很多钱。) ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修3同步练习）： plays an important role in modern business.(答案：Advertising) 2.commitment/k3'mitment/n.承诺：保证；奉献 ·易错点：易漏写中间的t,误写为commiment:重音易误读为ka'mmnt,正确发音为ka'mitmant/。 ·精讲：固定搭配make a commitment to sth./sb.(对某事/某人做出承诺)，to为介词，后接名词 或动名词。 ·例句：She made a commitment to help the poor children 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·真题链接：His (奉献)to the job won the respect of all his colleagues.(答案： commitment) 3.motive/matv/m.动机；原因：目的 ·易错点：易与motion(运动：动作)混淆，拼写仅差一个字母：易误用作动词，motive仅为名 词。 ·精讲：常用搭配have a motive for sth./doing sth.(做某事有动机)，比reason更强调“内在驱动 力”。 ·例句：The police are trying to find out his motive for the crime. ·真题链接：What was his main (动机)for changing his job?(答案：motive) 4.rough /rAf/adj.汹涌的：粗糙的：粗略的 ·易错点：易混淆多义词含义，“汹涌的”（如rough sea)易误译为“粗鲁的”：副词形式易误写 为roughily,.正确为roughly。. ·精讲：作“粗略的”讲时，固定搭配a rough idea(大致想法)：作“汹涌的”时，搭配rough waves. ·例句：(I)The rough road made the car shake.(粗糙的)(2)We had a rough time during the storm. (艰难的) ·真题链接：Can you give me a (粗略的)estimate of the cost??(答案：rough) 5.loyal/'151al/adj.忠诚的：忠实的 ·易错点：易误写为royl(皇家的：王室的)，两词发音相近但含义完全不同；固定搭配中介词 易误用to以外的介词。 ·精讲：固定搭配be loyal to sb./sth.(对某人W某物忠诚)，loyalty为名词形式。 ·例句：Dogs are always loyal to their owners ·真题链接：He has been (忠诚的)to the company for over20 years. (答案： loyal) 6.corporate/ko:parat//adj.公司的：法人的：社团的 ·易错点：易误读为/'ko:pareit/,正确重音在第一音节；易与cooperate（合作，动词)混淆，词 形和词性差异大。 ·精讲：常用搭配corporate culture(企y业文化)：corporate responsibility(企业责任)，比company 更正式。 ·例句：The company's corporate image has improved a lot this year. ·真题链接： (公司的)profits have increased by 15%this quarter..(答案：Cor porate) 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 7.advertise/'edvataIz/t.&vi.公布；宣传：做广告 ·易错点：易漏写中间的s,误写为adverise;不及物动词时易漏加介词，如advertise for sth.（为 …做广告)。 ·精讲：作及物动词时，搭配advertise products(宣传产品)：作不及物动词时，搭配advertise for workers(招聘工人)。 ·例句：They advertised their new product on TV. ·真题链接：We need to (做广告)for a new sales manager.(答案：advertise) 8.navigator/'naevigeita/m.领航员；航行者 ·易错点：易误写为navigater,正确拼写为-gator而非-gater;易与navigate(动词，导航)混淆 词性。 ·精讲：由动词navigate+名词后缀-or构成，指“从事导航工作的人”，如a ship navigator(船 舶领航员)。 ·例句：The navigator helped the pilot find the correct route. ·真题链接：The (领航员)guided the ship through the narrow channel.(答案： navigator） 9.Confucianism/kan'fju:nizam/n.孔子学说：儒家（学说） ·易错点：专有名词首字母必须大写，易误写为confucianism:易漏写中间的u,误写为Confucin- 1m。 ·精讲：指中国传统哲学思想，无复数形式，常用搭配study Confucianism(研究儒家学说)。 ·例句：Confucianism has a great influence on Chinese culture.. ·真题链接： (儒家学说)emphasizes the importance of family and education.(答 案：Confucianism） 10.give off短语放出（热、光、气味或气体） ·易错点：易与give out（分发：耗尽)混淆，give off仅指“释放（物理现象）”，give out还可 指“信息分发”；易误加宾语，give off为不及物短语，无需宾语。 ·精讲：主语通常为物，如The fire gives off heat..(火放出热量)，不可用于“人释放情感”等抽 象含义。 ·例句：The flowers give off a sweet smell in spring. ·真题链接：The chemical reaction (放出)a lot of energy.(答案：gives off) 11.episode/'episaud/n.(人生的)一段经历：（小说的）片段：插曲 ·易错点：易误写为episoide,字母顺序颠倒；易混淆“片段”与“章节”(chapter),episode更 强调“独立的小故事或经历”。 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·精讲：常用搭配an episode in one's life(人生中的一段经历)：a TV episode(电视剧集)。 ·例句：This is just a funny episode in my childhood. ·真题链接：The novel is divided into several (片段)，each with a different theme. (答案：episodes) 12.make fire短语生火 ·易错点：易误加冠词，nake fire为固定短语，表泛指时无需aan:易误写为make a fire表泛指， make fire更强调“生火的动作”本身。 ·精讲：表具体“生一堆火”时用make a fire,表抽象“生火技能”时用make fire,如learn to nake fire。 ·例句：Primitive people learned to make fire to keep warm. ·真题链接：They had to (生火)to cook food in the forest.(答案：make fire) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The company plans to its new product on social media next month. ·A.advertise ●B.advertising ●C.advertize ●D.advertizing 2.Confucianism has a deep influence on culture and society. ●A.chinese ●B.Confucian 。C.Chinese ●D.confucian 3.What was the main behind his decision to study abroad? ●A.reason 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 ·B.motive ●C.notion ●D.cause 4.The guided the ship safely through the stormy waters. ●A.navigate ●B.navigater ●C.navigator ●D.navigation 5.The chemical reaction a strong smell that made everyone cough. ·A.gave out ·B.gave off ●C.gave up ●D.gave in 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1. (广告y业)plays a crucial role in promoting new products to consumers. 2.Her to the project earned her the respect of all team members. 3.The (公司的)culture here emphasizes teamwork and innovation. 4.We need a (粗略的)plan before we start the detailed design. 5. (儒家学说)teaches the importance of respect for elders and harmony in society. 3.三、首字母填空 1.Dogs are known for being I_ to their owners throughout their lives. 2.The rough sea made the boat s_ violently during the journey. 3.The police are still investigating the suspect's m for the robbery. 4.The factory chimney off thick black smoke every morning 5.The novel's final e brings all the character arcs to a satisfying end. 高中选修3人教 寒假专版 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The company made a (commit)to reduce its carbon emissions by 30%. 2.Can you give me a. (roughly)idea of how much the trip will cost? 3.She spent three years (study)Confucianism at university. 4.The (loyal)of the employees helped the company survive the crisis. 5.The fire (give)off so much heat that the windows started to crack. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.C3B4.C5B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Advertising 2.commitment 3.corporate 4rough 5.Confucianism ·三、首字母填空 1.loyal 2.shake 3.motive 4.gives 5.episode ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.commitment 2.rough 3.studying 4.loyalty 5.gave