Unit 1 Science Fiction三-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高中选修4人教 易错专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【高中专版】 高中·人教·选修4Unit1 Science Fiction 单元词汇总览 backwards/'bakwadz/(NAmE使朝外；结果是 maximum /'maksimam/adj. backward)adv.向后；倒着；往pace /pers/n.速度：步伐：节奏大极限的n.最大量；最大限度 回 t.&vi.确定速度：调整节奏 explode./ik'splaud/vi.&t.爆炸； grip/grip/t.&vi.紧握：抓紧 fall away短语（逐渐）减少：消失爆破 hazy/"hezi/adj.模糊的：朦胧的：division/d'v3n/n.分开；分隔；jolt/dalt/n.震动；摇晃；颠簸 困惑的 差异：除（法） t.&vi.(使)震动：摇晃 niece /ni:s/n.侄女；外甥女 puff /paf/n.(烟、气等的)一缕；flip /flip/t.&vi.(使)快速翻转： fetch /fet/vt.(去)拿来；（去）请少量；喘息 (用手指)轻抛 来 urge/3:d/n.强烈的欲望：冲动stun/stn/t.使震惊；使昏迷 handkerchief/'haenkat∫fn.手t.催促；力劝：大力推荐have mud /mAd/n.泥：泥浆 帕：纸巾 an urge to有强烈的欲望做某事overstatement/'auvasteitmant/n. lamp /laemp/n.灯；台灯 random/raendam/adj.随机的；夸大：夸张 turn out短语关掉：熄灭：在场：不可思议的 易错词汇精讲 1.backwards/'baekwadz/(NAmE backward)adv.向后：倒着：往回 ·易错点：易混淆英式拼写backwards与美式拼写backward,忽略词性差异(adv无-s形式为美 式非正式用法)。 ·精讲：英式副词常用-s形式（如forwards),美式多省略；但backward也可作形容词（如a backward glance),需注意语境。 ·例句：He took a step backwards when he saw the dog ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4同步练习）：She looked before crossing the street (答案：backward/backwards) 2.handkerchief/'haenkatfif/n.手帕；纸巾 ·易错点：易误写为handkercheif(字母顺序错误)或hand kerchief(错误拆分)，复数形式易误 加-s(正确复数为handkerchiefs或handkerchieves)。 ·精讲：源自hand+kerchief(头巾)，合成词不可拆分：复数两种形式均正确，教材中常用 handkerchiefs ·例句：He took out a handkerchief to wipe his sweat 高中选修4人教 易错专版 ·真题链接：Please pass me those clean on the table.(答案：handkerchiefs) 3.turn out短语关掉：熄灭：在场：使朝外：结果是 ·易错点：易混淆“结果是”含义与副词位置，误接that从句（需用it turns out that..):“关掉” 易与urn off混淆，turn out侧重“熄灭（灯/火）”。 ·精讲：表“结果是”时，常用句型It turns out(hat).或Sb.turns out to be.;表“关掉”时，宾 语为名词可放中间或末尾(turn the lamp out/turn out the lamp)。 ·例句：It turned out that he had never been to Beijing ·真题链接：（人教版高中选修4单元测试）：The party to be more interesting than I expected.(答案：turned out) 4.urge3:d3/n.强烈的欲望；冲动t.催促；力劝：大力推荐 ·易错点：易混淆动词搭配urge sb.to do sth.与urge that..(从句需用虚拟语气should+-动词原形， should可省略)。 ·精讲：作动词时，“催促某人做某事”用urge sb.to do sth.;“主张/强调”后接从句时，需用虚 拟语气，如urge that we(should)take action。 ·例句：My parents urged me to study abroad. ·真题链接：The doctor urged that he (rest)for at least a week.(答案：(should)rest) 5.maximum/maeksimam/adj..最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度 ·易错点：易混淆形容词与名词用法，误用作副词（如“最大程度地”需用副词naximally):易 与minimum(最小)混淆拼写。 ·精讲：作形容词时，后接名词(maximum speed);作名词时，常用搭配reach a maximum of. （达到…最大值)。 ·例句：The maximum score of this test is 100, ·真题链接：The elevator can carry a ofl0 people..(答案：maximum) 6.explode/ik'splaud/vi.&t.爆炸；爆破 ·易错点：易与erupt(火山/情感爆发)混淆，explode侧重“物理爆炸”，eupt侧重“自然现象 或情绪爆发”；不及物用法易误加宾语（如“炸弹爆炸”需用主动语态：The bomb exploded.)。 ·精讲：作及物动词时，宾语为“使爆炸的对象”(explode a bomb):作不及物动词时，主语为 “爆炸物或情感”(Anger exploded inside him.)。 ·例句：The fireworks exploded in the sky with a loud noise. ·真题链接：The gas tank when the fire reached it.(答案：exploded) 7.stn/stn/t.使震惊；使昏迷 高中选修4人教 易错专版 ·易错点：易误用作不及物动词（需接宾语）：易混淆过去分词stunned(表“震惊的”，主语是人) 与stunning(表“令人震惊的”，主语是物)。 ·精讲：及物动词，常用搭配stun sb.(使某人震惊/昏迷)：形容词形式区分：a stunning news(令 人震惊的消息)，I was stunned by the news.(我被消息震惊了。) ·例句：The sudden accident stunned everyone present.. ·真题链接：She was by the unexpected result of the exam.(答案：stunned) 8.overstatement/'3 vastertmant/n.夸大；夸张 ·易错点：易误写为overstate(动词，夸大)，忽略名词后缀-ment:易与exaggeration(夸张)混 淆，overstatement侧重“言辞过度”，exaggeration侧重“事实夸大”。 ·精讲：由动词overstate(over+state)加名词后缀-ment构成：常用搭配make an overstatement (夸大其词)。 ·例句：His description of the problem was an overstatement of the truth. ·真题链接：The report was criticized for its of the company's losses.(答案：overstate- ment) 9.random/'raendam/ad.随机的；不可思议的 ·易错点：易误用作副词（需用randomly):固定搭配at random(随机地）易漏写at。 ·精讲：作形容词时，后接名词(random selection):“随机地”需用副词randomly或短语at random, 如choose a card at random。 ·例句：The teacher called students at random to answer questions ·真题链接：The sample was selected from the database.(答案：randomly) 10.flip /flrp/vt.&vi.(使)快速翻转：（用手指）轻抛 ·易错点：易混淆“翻转”与“抛”的用法，“翻转某物”用flip sth.over;“抛硬币”用flip a coin, 易误加up(fipp侧重“向上翻”)。 ·精讲：作及物动词时，宾语后常接副词over(flip the page over)；作不及物动词时，表“快速翻 动”(flip through a book)。 ·例句：He flipped the coin to decide who would go first,. ·真题链接：She through the magazine while waiting for the bus.(答案：flipped) 11.jolt/d9wlt/n.震动：摇晃：颠簸t.&vi.(使)震动；摇晃 ·易错点：易与shock(震惊)混淆，jolt侧重“物理震动或突然冲击”，shock侧重“情感震惊”； 作名词时，常用搭配a jolt of(一阵…)。 ·精讲：作动词时，“使某人震惊”用jolt sb;作名词时，a jolt of electricity(一阵电击)，a jolt of surprise(一阵惊讶)。 高中选修4人教 易错专版 ·例句：The car stopped with a sudden jolt. ·真题链接：The sudden noise me out of my sleep.(答案：jolted) 12.division/d'vI3m/n.分开；分隔：差异：除（法） ·易错点：易与divide(动词，分开)混淆，忽略名词后缀-sion:数学中“除法”易误写为divide (需用division)。 ·精讲：动词divide加名词后缀-sion构成：数学中“除法”为division,“除号”为division sign:“分 歧”用division between A and B。 ·例句：The division of labor made the work more efficient. ·真题链接：In math class,we learned about addition,subtraction,multiplication and (答案：division) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.She looked before crossing the street. ●A.backwards ●B.backward ·C.back ·D.backwardsly 2.The party to be more interesting than I expected. ●A.turned of ●B.turned up ●C.turned out ●D.turned in 3.The doctor urged that he for at least a week. ●A.rests ●B.rested 高中选修4人教 易错专版 ·C.rest ·D.resting 4.The sample was selected from the database. ●A.random ●B.randomly ●C.at random ●D.randomness 5.The sudden noise me out of my sleep. ·A.shocked ·B.jolted ·C.exploded ·D.flipped 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Please pass me those clean (手帕)on the table. 2.The elevator can carry a (最大限度)of10 people.. 3.In math class,we learned about addition,subtraction,multiplication and (除法)。 4.He took out a (手帕)to wipe his sweat, 5.His description of the problem was an (夸大)of the truth. 3.三、首字母填空 1.Hef the coin to decide who would go first. 2.The teacher called students at r to answer questions 3.It turned o that he had never been to Beijing 4.My parents u me to study abroad. 5.The car stopped with a sudden j_ 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.It turned out that he (never be)to Beijing. 高中选修4人教 易错专版 2.She (flip)through the magazine while waiting for the bus. 3.The party (turn out)to be more interesting than I expected. 4.The doctor urged that we (take)action immediately. 5.The report was criticized for its (overstate)of the company's losses. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3.C4.B5.B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.handkerchiefs 2.maximum 3.division 4.handkerchief 5.overstatement ·三、首字母填空 1.flipped 2.random 3.out 4.urged 5.jolt ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.had never been 2.flipped 3.tumed out 4.(should)take 5.overstatement