精品解析：河南郑州外国语学校2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

郑州外国语学校2025-2026学年高二上期期末试卷 英 语 （120分钟 150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the man have to do now? A. Finish typing the paper. B. Organize the research. C. Finish checking his reference. 2. What language is the woman best at? A. Spanish. B. German. C. Chinese. 3. When will the woman pick up the man? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 8:15. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. At school. C. In a hospital. 5. Why is the man late? A. His car broke down. B. He missed the bus. C. The traffic was heavy. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下6-7小题。 6. What is the woman preparing for? A. A birthday party. B. A business meeting. C. A school project. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Cook some food B. Buy a cake. C. Clean the living room. 听下面一段对话，回答以下8-10小题。 8. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Former classmates. 9. What did the man think of the presentation? A. It was a bit long. B. It was well-organized. C. It was hard to understand. 10. What will the woman probably do next? A. Prepare for a meeting. B. Have lunch with the man. C. Go back to her office. 听下面一段对话，回答以下11-13小题。 11. What is Tom’s main purpose for going to the library? A. To borrow some novels. B. To find a quiet place to study. C. To attend a study group meeting. 12. What does Lisa think Tom should do first? A. Return his overdue books. B. Renew his library card. C. Find an empty study room. 13. Where do they decide to meet? A. At the library entrance. B. On the third floor. C. In the science section. 听下面一段对话，回答以下14-17小题。 14. What style of dance has Lena been practicing since she was a child? A. Ballet. B. Hip-hop. C. Contemporary. 15. Why did Lena decide to join a dance academy? A. Her teacher recommended it. B. She hoped to become a dance instructor. C She wanted to improve her technical skills. 16. Why does the man mention his friend’s experience of planning the dance for a show? A. To explain the importance of teamwork. B. To show how difficult it is to create original work. C. To encourage Lena to try to plan the dance for a show. 17. What does Lena say about international dance competitions? A. They are highly competitive. B. They often take place in large theaters. C. They provide valuable networking opportunities. 听下面一段独白，回答以下18-20小题。 18. Who is the speaker talking to? A. His friends. B. His children. C. His students. 19. Why does the speaker share the rules? A. He finds the rules helpful. B. His father asked him to do so. C. He wants to do some research. 20. What are the listeners expected to do next? A. Read some books. B. Share their stories. C. Write down their thoughts. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A In 2025, many cutting-edge emerging technologies are stepping into the spotlight. Below, we will focus on these leading-edge technologies, and at the same time, explore whether society is ready for their impact through an ecosystem readiness map (ERM) — this map covers 5 aspects for each technology, with each aspect rated on a four-point scale ranging from “no readiness” to “high readiness”. Ecosystem Readiness Map (ERM) Osmotic power systems It makes electricity from the difference in salt levels between two water sources, promising a unique approach to global energy generation. ERM of osmotic power systems Biochemical sensing Biochemical sensing is a smart network that can detect and respond to biological changes in water all by itself. This could strengthen the safety of water supplies and the natural environment. ERM of biochemical sensing GLP-1s GLP-1 drugs have been proven to remove protein linked to the development of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. And its impact could even shape how we think about elder care and even ageing itself. ERM of GLP-1s Collaborative sensing Sensors in our properties, cars, and workplaces are increasingly being linked together and combined with AI, leading to big advances in “collaborative sensing”. In the future, this technology could transform how cities run and how households and organizations make decisions. ERM of collaborative sensing 1. What is the score of the “social” aspect of GLP-1s’ ecosystem readiness map? A. 1.5 points. B. 2.5 points. C. 3.5 points. D. 4 points. 2. Which technology makes smart homes possible? A. Osmotic power systems. B. Biochemical sensing. C. GLP-1s. D. Collaborative sensing. 3. What do the four technologies have in common? A. They all rely on crucial chemicals. B. They all care brain-related diseases. C They all address critical issues. D. They all promise commercial benefits. B As a child, Brian Fisher dreamed of becoming a botanist. While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. Soon, Fisher set himself the goal of identifying every species of ant in the world, and he aims to construct a tree of ant species. Fisher, along with his team, has already succeeded in identifying a complete subfamily of ants. It was his ant species tree that led Fisher to Madagascar, an island off the coast of Africa. During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. “You cannot preserve a forest when the people living nearby are hungry,” he states, so he sought out methods to assist those individuals. He developed a new method for farming eatable insects, which he then taught to the people of Madagascar. Fisher understands what is required to build a career in the field of science. “To survive as a scientist,” he explains, “you must be motivated, driven, and fully focused.” He also emphasizes that being a good writer is essential, as it allows you to “share your story in an engaging way that will make people want to read your work.” Once Fisher’s species tree is fully completed, it may unlock an entirely new world of ant research. However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. 4. What initially contributed to Fisher’s changing his career? A. His childhood dream of saving ants. B. The aim of creating an ant species tree. C. His experience of studying plants. D. The ant scientist’s encouragement. 5. Which word best describes Fisher’s journey in Madagascar? A. Eventful. B. Debatable. C. Unsuccessful. D. Costly. 6. What does Fisher infer to do? A. Focus on scientific writing. B. Protect the natural ecology. C. Improve farming techniques. D. Learn about ant species’ habitats. 7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To promote Fisher’s ant species tree. B. To explain Fisher’s research methods. C. To introduce Fisher’s career philosophy. D. To outline Fisher’s ant research and contributions. C In an era when screens dominate our daily lives, digital eye strain has emerged as a significant public health issue affecting millions worldwide Digital eye strain, which is characterized by a range of symptoms such as dryness, watering, burning, and even double vision, extends beyond mere discomfort to signal the potential presence of long-term conditions that can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life and productivity. When we are focusing on digital displays, our blink (眨眼) rate falls, and our eyes strain to maintain focus on near objects for extended periods. Reduced blinking and sustained near focus can give rise to eye issues. These symptoms are often short-lived, but if left untreated, they can become ongoing and very difficult to deal with. The 20-20-20 rule is a simple but effective strategy for protecting our eyes against digital strain. Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to focus on something 20 feet away. This brief break allows our eye muscles to relax, reducing the strain associated with constant near-focus work. Environmental factors also play a fundamental role in maintaining eye comfort during screen use. Proper lighting, adequate humidity, and good air quality can significantly affect eye health. Emerging therapies, which are being developed to tackle the growing problem of screen caused eye damage, offer new hope for the more effective management of digital eye strain. Among these, novel TRPM8 agonists (激动剂) — acting like precise keys — show great potential in relieving dry-eye discomfort. In this digital age, it’s important to take measures to protect our vision. By recognizing the signs of digital eye strain, implementing protective strategies, and seeking timely professional care, we can reduce the risks associated with our screen-dependent lifestyles. 8. What can be implied from paragraph 1? A. Using a computer leads to eye disorders. B. Eye symptoms have affected most people. C. Eye health determines people’s productivity. D. We should emphasize the risks of digital eye strain. 9. Which factor is related to digital eye strain? A. Blinking for a long time. B. Looking at many objects. C. A decrease in blinking. D. The change of near focus. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Eye symptom types. B. Relative treatment methods. C. Eye protection strategies. D. Professional exam processes. 11. What can we know about the TRPM8 agonists from the text? A. Their effect remains uncertain. B. They are precise keys. C. They require further research. D. Their future is promising. D A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology”. Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency, some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence. Yet in various conversations, it seemed to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster. The WEF mindset is similar to the Silicon Valley dictate — to move fast and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science? Or public trust? In recent years we’ve seen important papers, written by outstanding scientists and published in celebrated journals, taken back because of questionable data or methods, hence a question: Ate scholars at supercompetitive places such as Harvard and Stanford rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right? It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of what constitutes “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendous pressure to produce results — and a lot of them — quickly. The problem is not unique to the U.S. In Europe, formal research assessments, which are used to distribute future funding, have for years judged academic departments largely on the quantity of their output. Due to the fact that the existing system has created a “counterincentive” to advancement in science, a reform is underway urging an emphasis on quality over quantity. Good science takes time. More than 50 years passed before Copernicus’s On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, published in 1543, gained widespread acceptance. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift. There’s plenty of evidence that scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the massive volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at more than seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down if we are to produce knowledge worthy of trust. 12. WEF meeting in Switzerland advocated that ________. A. WEF and Silicon Valley reach an agreement to move fast B. public trust in science is not supposed to be easily broken C. researchers need to achieve breakthroughs more rapidly D. climate emergency and AI push scientific research hard 13. The underlined word “counterincentive” in paragraph 4 refers to a(n) _________ factor. A. unfair B. decisive C. rational D. discouraging 14. Which of the following examples fails to prove that good science takes time? A. Distinguished scholars’ tremendous output. B. Publication of Copernicus’s theory. C. Withdrawal of important papers. D. Acceptance of the idea of continental drift. 15. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Principle behind Research Assessments B. Trouble of Fast Science C. Choice between Quantity and Quality D. Collapse of Public Trust 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to protect your privacy when you travel It hasn’t been an easy year for the privacy of travelers, at least so far. Data leaks, surveillance (监视) worries and those troublesome cameras in airplane seat backs and hotel rooms are enough to make passengers anxious. ____16____ Fortunately, there are ways to safeguard your privacy on land and in the air. These tips can help you deal with these troubles. ____17____ “It’s not clever to declare on Facebook that you’re travelling to somewhere, reminding a wide range of people that your property is sitting empty,” says Danny Mcloughlin. “That puts your security at risk.” Wait until you return to start posting vacation photos. Some homeowners renting their residences may install security cameras. Travelers should find out if the hosts are required to disclose the presence of surveillance devices. If the rental comes with cameras, ensure they aren’t in a sensitive area by conducting a careful sweep. ____18____ Although you can’t control how a hotel or airline handles — or mishandles — your data, you can take reasonable steps to ensure the information it has won’t get you into trouble. ____19____. But some of the worst data leaks happen when you’re staying at a hotel. For example, a hotel clerk sometimes asks for your name and then announces your room number after you’ve checked in. You’re better off handing the employee your ID when he or she asks for your name and asking him/her to write your room number on a piece of paper. Why? ____20____ Just to be sure, never leave the customer copy behind. You can destroy it later, but keep it under your control. A. It’s never been better. B. Perhaps they shouldn’t be. C. Never broadcast your journey on social media. D. There are other people on the other side of the wall. E. However, travelers are not powerless against these threats. F. Some travelers only offer the bare minimum, such as a post office box instead of a home address. G. Report anything doubtful to the host immediately, and leave if you don’t like what you hear. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in books from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new ____21____: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” In the past, students understood that hard work was not ____22____; an A demanded great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the ____23____ of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In a recent survey, ____24____, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for showing up at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a ____25____ about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago the psychologist Carol Dweck found praising kids for their abilities weakened their flexibility and led to a(n) ____26____ mindset, making them more likely to get discouraged or give up when they encountered setbacks. However, a shift from praising intelligence to praising effort could cultivate a growth mindset and ____27____ learning. The idea of celebrating persistence quickly made its way into widely-shared articles, ____28____ books and popular TED talks. The problem is that we’ve taken this practice too far. We’ve gone from ____29____ effort to treating it as an end in itself. We’ve failed to remind a generation of kids that working hard doesn’t guarantee doing a good job, ____30____ being a good person. What worries me most is that valuing perseverance above all else can motivate people to ____31____ bad strategies instead of developing better ones. A typical example is staying up all night rather than studying a little each day for a few days. If they don’t get an A, they often protest. Teachers and parents ____32____ kids a more balanced message. We award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest for good reasons. What counts is not just effort but the progress and performance that follow. The ideal ____33____ to a disappointing grade is to ask how you could have gotten a better return on your ____34____. Good grades are not granted for effort itself; they’re ____35____ through mastery of the material. The true measure of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 21. A. complaint B. excuse C. theory D. essay 22. A. practical B. massive C. adequate D. complex 23. A. proof B. quantity C. hope D. chance 24. A. for example B. by contrast C. in addition D. above all 25. A. discussion B. report C. misunderstanding D. feeling 26. A. embarrassed B. fixed C. confused D. pleased 27. A. avoid B. maintain C. cancel D. boost 28. A. best-selling B. life-changing C. record-breaking D. eye-catching 29. A. challenging B. preventing C. applauding D. wasting 30. A. let alone B. regardless of C. as to D. in spite of 31. A. give up B. compete with C. race against D. stick to 32. A. send B. burden C. miss D. owe 33 A. feedback B. concept C. response D. reflection 34. A. responsibility B. investment C. memory D. attitude 35. A. absorbed B. signaled C. earned D. adjusted 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A style of calligraphy once used to record one of ancient China’s most ____36____ (ambition) scholarly projects is being brought back to life — not on silk or paper, ____37____ on screens, posters and mobile phones. On Friday, Chinese cultural institutions, launched a newly developed digital font (字体) based on the script of the Yongle Dadian, ____38____ vast encyclopedia (百科全书) collected more than 600 years ago during the Ming Dynasty. The two-year project aims to transform a historical writing style once ____39____ (reserve) for the imperial court into a font available for public use. The Yongle Dadian is regarded ____40____ the world’s first encyclopedia, ____41____ (bring) together classical texts including history, philosophy, literature, science and the arts. Much of the original work has since been lost, making surviving volumes ____42____ (cultural) invaluable. The project is part of a broader shift in how China is looking after the ____43____ (preserve) of its written heritage. ____44____ experts particularly emphasize is that this digital revival allows ancient scripts to reconnect with modern life. “Traditionally, this script ____45____ (protect) by being kept out of everyday use,” said Zhang Weitao, head of the Guangzhou branch of the China National Archives of Publications and Culture. “Now the aim is to let people use them, so they remain alive.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在2025年即将结束之际，学校发起“致老己（A Letter to My Old Self）”活动，请你给自己写一封信，总结过去一年的成长与感悟，并展望2026年的期望，内容需包括： 1. 2025年令你印象深刻的经历； 2. 这些经历带给你的感受与思考； 3. 对2026年的目标与心愿。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Old Self, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Stacey Taylor, a tenth-grader, adored journalist Nellie Bly and dreamed of following in her footsteps. On her first day at Walker Senior High School, she was nervous but excited, knowing that her best friend Mandy would be with her. They’d stuck together from elementary school to junior high school, claiming bus seats, sitting together at lunch, and being the best in gym teams. However Stacey was assigned to the advanced classes, separated from Mandy in English. science, math, and social studies. She was in low spirits in her new English class until her teacher, who was also the adviser to the school newspaper, invited students to attend the first meeting next Tuesday. Her heart raced — this was her chance to be a real journalist like Nellie Bly. Later, in gym, the coach announced soccer tryouts. Stacey and Mandy cheered, hoping to be on the team together — until Stacey heard soccer practice was every Tuesday, which conflicted with newspaper meetings. Stacey was torn. She talked to her English teacher, but he stressed commitment to the newspaper, just as the coach did for soccer. Her dad advised her to list the advantages and disadvantages: playing soccer meant staying with her best friend while writing for the newspaper meant pursuing her dream of journalism. She struggled, calling the choice “simply awful.” At Saturday’s soccer tryouts, the field was crowded and Stacey played well with Mandy. Unsurprisingly, when the team list came out on Monday, it showed that both of them made it. Seized with confusion instead of joy, Stacey leaned against the wall and closed her eyes. Noticing her strangeness, Jonathan, the soccer team’s manager who used a wheelchair, approached her with concern. Learning her problem, he shared his own story. He loved soccer, but due to his physical condition, he couldn’t join the soccer team. However, he didn’t give up. Instead, he became the team manager. And he encouraged Stacey to think creatively to find a solution that could satisfy both her needs to maintain friendships and pursue her dream. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Thinking over Jonathan’s words, Stacey consulted her dad again. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As a sports journalist, Stacey came to report the soccer team’s first training after tryouts. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 郑州外国语学校2025-2026学年高二上期期末试卷 英 语 （120分钟 150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the man have to do now? A. Finish typing the paper. B. Organize the research. C. Finish checking his reference. 2. What language is the woman best at? A. Spanish. B. German. C. Chinese. 3. When will the woman pick up the man? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 8:15. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. At school. C. In a hospital. 5. Why is the man late? A. His car broke down. B. He missed the bus. C. The traffic was heavy. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下6-7小题。 6. What is the woman preparing for? A. A birthday party. B. A business meeting. C. A school project. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Cook some food B. Buy a cake. C. Clean the living room. 听下面一段对话，回答以下8-10小题。 8. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Former classmates. 9. What did the man think of the presentation? A. It was a bit long. B. It was well-organized. C. It was hard to understand. 10. What will the woman probably do next? A. Prepare for a meeting. B. Have lunch with the man. C. Go back to her office. 听下面一段对话，回答以下11-13小题。 11. What is Tom’s main purpose for going to the library? A. To borrow some novels. B. To find a quiet place to study. C. To attend a study group meeting. 12. What does Lisa think Tom should do first? A. Return his overdue books. B. Renew his library card. C. Find an empty study room. 13. Where do they decide to meet? A. At the library entrance. B. On the third floor. C. In the science section. 听下面一段对话，回答以下14-17小题。 14. What style of dance has Lena been practicing since she was a child? A. Ballet. B. Hip-hop. C. Contemporary. 15. Why did Lena decide to join a dance academy? A. Her teacher recommended it. B. She hoped to become a dance instructor. C She wanted to improve her technical skills 16. Why does the man mention his friend’s experience of planning the dance for a show? A. To explain the importance of teamwork. B. To show how difficult it is to create original work. C. To encourage Lena to try to plan the dance for a show. 17. What does Lena say about international dance competitions? A. They are highly competitive. B. They often take place in large theaters. C. They provide valuable networking opportunities. 听下面一段独白，回答以下18-20小题。 18. Who is the speaker talking to? A. His friends. B. His children. C. His students. 19. Why does the speaker share the rules? A. He finds the rules helpful. B. His father asked him to do so. C. He wants to do some research. 20. What are the listeners expected to do next? A. Read some books. B. Share their stories. C. Write down their thoughts. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A In 2025, many cutting-edge emerging technologies are stepping into the spotlight. Below, we will focus on these leading-edge technologies, and at the same time, explore whether society is ready for their impact through an ecosystem readiness map (ERM) — this map covers 5 aspects for each technology, with each aspect rated on a four-point scale ranging from “no readiness” to “high readiness”. Ecosystem Readiness Map (ERM) Osmotic power systems It makes electricity from the difference in salt levels between two water sources, promising a unique approach to global energy generation. ERM of osmotic power systems Biochemical sensing Biochemical sensing is a smart network that can detect and respond to biological changes in water all by itself. This could strengthen the safety of water supplies and the natural environment. ERM of biochemical sensing GLP-1s GLP-1 drugs have been proven to remove protein linked to the development of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. And its impact could even shape how we think about elder care and even ageing itself. ERM of GLP-1s Collaborative sensing Sensors in our properties, cars, and workplaces are increasingly being linked together and combined with AI, leading to big advances in “collaborative sensing”. In the future, this technology could transform how cities run and how households and organizations make decisions. ERM of collaborative sensing 1. What is the score of the “social” aspect of GLP-1s’ ecosystem readiness map? A. 1.5 points. B. 2.5 points. C. 3.5 points. D. 4 points. 2. Which technology makes smart homes possible? A. Osmotic power systems. B. Biochemical sensing. C. GLP-1s. D. Collaborative sensing. 3. What do the four technologies have in common? A. They all rely on crucial chemicals. B. They all care brain-related diseases. C. They all address critical issues. D. They all promise commercial benefits. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2025年四种前沿新兴技术，介绍其功能价值，并通过生态系统准备度地图探究社会对其影响的准备程度。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。结合GLP-1s部分的生态系统准备度地图及分值设定，其“社会”维度得分为2.5分。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Collaborative sensing部分“Sensors in our properties, cars, and workplaces are increasingly being linked together and combined with AI, leading to big advances in “collaborative sensing”. (我们住宅、汽车和工作场所的传感器正日益相互连接，并与人工智能结合，推动了“协同感知”的巨大进步。)”可知，协同感知技术助力智能家居实现。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Osmotic power systems部分“It makes electricity from the difference in salt levels between two water sources, promising a unique approach to global energy generation. (它利用两种水源盐度差来发电，为全球能源供应提供了一种独特的解决方案)”、Biochemical sensing部分“This could strengthen the safety of water supplies and the natural environment. (这能够增强供水系统的安全性以及自然环境的保护程度)”、GLP-1s部分“GLP-1 drugs have been proven to remove protein linked to the development of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. And its impact could even shape how we think about elder care and even ageing itself. (GLP-1类药物已被证明可以去除与阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症发展相关的蛋白质。它的影响甚至可能影响我们对老年护理甚至衰老本身的看法)”以及Collaborative sensing部分“Sensors in our properties, cars, and workplaces are increasingly being linked together and combined with AI, leading to big advances in “collaborative sensing”. (我们住宅、汽车和工作场所的传感器正日益相互连接，并与人工智能结合，推动了“协同感知”的巨大进步。)”可知，四种技术分别对应能源、水资源安全、重大疾病以及社会生活等关键领域，皆可用于应对全球性重要议题，可知，四种技术都致力于解决重大的全球性问题。故选C项。 B As a child, Brian Fisher dreamed of becoming a botanist. While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. Soon, Fisher set himself the goal of identifying every species of ant in the world, and he aims to construct a tree of ant species. Fisher, along with his team, has already succeeded in identifying a complete subfamily of ants. It was his ant species tree that led Fisher to Madagascar, an island off the coast of Africa. During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. “You cannot preserve a forest when the people living nearby are hungry,” he states, so he sought out methods to assist those individuals. He developed a new method for farming eatable insects, which he then taught to the people of Madagascar. Fisher understands what is required to build a career in the field of science. “To survive as a scientist,” he explains, “you must be motivated, driven, and fully focused.” He also emphasizes that being a good writer is essential, as it allows you to “share your story in an engaging way that will make people want to read your work.” Once Fisher’s species tree is fully completed, it may unlock an entirely new world of ant research. However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. 4. What initially contributed to Fisher’s changing his career? A. His childhood dream of saving ants. B. The aim of creating an ant species tree. C. His experience of studying plants. D. The ant scientist’s encouragement. 5. Which word best describes Fisher’s journey in Madagascar? A. Eventful. B. Debatable. C. Unsuccessful. D. Costly. 6. What does Fisher infer to do? A Focus on scientific writing. B. Protect the natural ecology. C. Improve farming techniques. D. Learn about ant species’ habitats. 7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To promote Fisher’s ant species tree. B. To explain Fisher’s research methods. C. To introduce Fisher’s career philosophy. D. To outline Fisher’s ant research and contributions. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了昆虫学家费舍尔的蚂蚁研究经历、贡献以及面临的挑战。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. (在植物学之旅中，费舍尔开始询问他在研究的植物上发现的蚂蚁的问题。由于其他植物学家无法识别这些蚂蚁，费舍尔联系了一位蚂蚁科学家以获取更多知识。然后他成为了一名昆虫学家，或者是一名研究昆虫的科学家。)”可知，费希尔在植物学研究过程中对蚂蚁产生疑问并寻求专业知识，进而改变职业成为昆虫学家，因此研究植物的经历是他职业转变的最初诱因。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. (在马达加斯加为期六个月的雨季进行研究期间——这是观察蚂蚁的理想时期——他忍受了严重的疾病，他和他的团队面临着频繁的暴雨、断桥、崎岖的道路以及将汽车从泥泞中推出等挑战。)”可知，费舍尔在马达加斯加的研究之旅充满了事件和挑战，可以用“多事的”来形容。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. (然而，有两个主要挑战：气候变化和人类干预。如果蚂蚁的自然栖息地正在消失，我们如何研究它们？费舍尔希望他能激发人们对地球生物多样性重要性的兴趣。)”可知，费舍尔暗示要保护自然生态，因为蚂蚁的自然栖息地正在消失，这对研究蚂蚁构成了挑战。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段和最后一段，文章主要介绍了费舍尔的蚂蚁研究经历、贡献以及面临的挑战。文章详细描述了费舍尔如何从植物学家转变为昆虫学家，他在马达加斯加的研究之旅，以及他如何通过教授当地人养殖可食用昆虫来帮助他们。最后，文章还提到了费舍尔对未来蚂蚁研究的期望和面临的挑战。因此，作者的主要目的是概述费舍尔的蚂蚁研究和贡献。故选D项。 C In an era when screens dominate our daily lives, digital eye strain has emerged as a significant public health issue affecting millions worldwide Digital eye strain, which is characterized by a range of symptoms such as dryness, watering, burning, and even double vision, extends beyond mere discomfort to signal the potential presence of long-term conditions that can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life and productivity. When we are focusing on digital displays, our blink (眨眼) rate falls, and our eyes strain to maintain focus on near objects for extended periods. Reduced blinking and sustained near focus can give rise to eye issues. These symptoms are often short-lived, but if left untreated, they can become ongoing and very difficult to deal with. The 20-20-20 rule is a simple but effective strategy for protecting our eyes against digital strain. Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to focus on something 20 feet away. This brief break allows our eye muscles to relax, reducing the strain associated with constant near-focus work. Environmental factors also play a fundamental role in maintaining eye comfort during screen use. Proper lighting, adequate humidity, and good air quality can significantly affect eye health. Emerging therapies, which are being developed to tackle the growing problem of screen caused eye damage, offer new hope for the more effective management of digital eye strain. Among these, novel TRPM8 agonists (激动剂) — acting like precise keys — show great potential in relieving dry-eye discomfort. In this digital age, it’s important to take measures to protect our vision. By recognizing the signs of digital eye strain, implementing protective strategies, and seeking timely professional care, we can reduce the risks associated with our screen-dependent lifestyles. 8. What can be implied from paragraph 1? A. Using a computer leads to eye disorders. B. Eye symptoms have affected most people. C. Eye health determines people’s productivity. D. We should emphasize the risks of digital eye strain. 9. Which factor is related to digital eye strain? A. Blinking for a long time. B. Looking at many objects. C. A decrease in blinking. D. The change of near focus. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Eye symptom types. B. Relative treatment methods. C. Eye protection strategies. D. Professional exam processes. 11. What can we know about the TRPM8 agonists from the text? A. Their effect remains uncertain. B. They are precise keys. C. They require further research. D. Their future is promising. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了数字眼疲劳的成因、症状、影响及防护策略和新兴疗法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Digital eye strain, which is characterized by a range of symptoms such as dryness, watering, burning, and even double vision, extends beyond mere discomfort to signal the potential presence of long-term conditions that can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life and productivity. (数字眼疲劳的特点是一系列症状，如干燥、流泪、灼烧感，甚至复视，它不仅仅是不适，还预示着可能存在长期病症，这些病症会显著影响个人的生活质量和生产力。)”可知，数字眼疲劳会带来风险，影响个人生活质量和生产力，因此我们应该注意数字眼疲劳的风险。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When we are focusing on digital displays, our blink (眨眼) rate falls, and our eyes strain to maintain focus on near objects for extended periods. Reduced blinking and sustained near focus can give rise to eye issues. (当我们专注于数字显示屏时，我们的眨眼频率会下降，眼睛会长时间努力保持对近物的聚焦。减少眨眼和持续近距离聚焦会导致眼睛问题。)”可知，眨眼频率下降与数字眼疲劳有关。故选C项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The 20-20-20 rule is a simple but effective strategy for protecting our eyes against digital strain. Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to focus on something 20 feet away. This brief break allows our eye muscles to relax, reducing the strain associated with constant near-focus work. Environmental factors also play a fundamental role in maintaining eye comfort during screen use. Proper lighting, adequate humidity, and good air quality can significantly affect eye health. (20-20-20规则是一种简单而有效的保护眼睛免受数字疲劳的策略。每20分钟，休息20秒，专注于20英尺外的东西。这个短暂的休息可以让我们的眼肌放松，减少与持续近距离聚焦工作相关的疲劳。环境因素在保持屏幕使用时的眼睛舒适度方面也起着至关重要的作用。适当的照明、充足的湿度和良好的空气质量可以显著影响眼睛健康。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了保护眼睛免受数字疲劳的策略，包括20-20-20规则和环境因素。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Among these, novel TRPM8 agonists (激动剂) — acting like precise keys — show great potential in relieving dry-eye discomfort. (其中，新型TRPM8激动剂——像精确的钥匙一样——在缓解干眼不适方面显示出巨大潜力。)”可知，TRPM8激动剂在缓解干眼不适方面显示出巨大潜力，因此它们的未来是充满希望的。故选D项。 D A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology”. Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency, some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence. Yet in various conversations, it seemed to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster. The WEF mindset is similar to the Silicon Valley dictate — to move fast and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science? Or public trust? In recent years we’ve seen important papers, written by outstanding scientists and published in celebrated journals, taken back because of questionable data or methods, hence a question: Ate scholars at supercompetitive places such as Harvard and Stanford rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right? It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of what constitutes “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendous pressure to produce results — and a lot of them — quickly. The problem is not unique to the U.S. In Europe, formal research assessments, which are used to distribute future funding, have for years judged academic departments largely on the quantity of their output. Due to the fact that the existing system has created a “counterincentive” to advancement in science, a reform is underway urging an emphasis on quality over quantity. Good science takes time. More than 50 years passed before Copernicus’s On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, published in 1543, gained widespread acceptance. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift. There’s plenty of evidence that scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the massive volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at more than seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down if we are to produce knowledge worthy of trust. 12. WEF meeting in Switzerland advocated that ________. A. WEF and Silicon Valley reach an agreement to move fast B. public trust in science is not supposed to be easily broken C. researchers need to achieve breakthroughs more rapidly D. climate emergency and AI push scientific research hard 13. The underlined word “counterincentive” in paragraph 4 refers to a(n) _________ factor. A. unfair B. decisive C. rational D. discouraging 14. Which of the following examples fails to prove that good science takes time? A. Distinguished scholars’ tremendous output. B. Publication of Copernicus’s theory. C. Withdrawal of important papers. D. Acceptance of the idea of continental drift. 15. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Principle behind Research Assessments B. Trouble of Fast Science C. Choice between Quantity and Quality D. Collapse of Public Trust 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了快速科研带来的问题，强调好科学需时间，呼吁重视质量。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology”. (今年在瑞士举行的世界经济论坛（WEF）会议的一个主题是“加快研究和技术突破”的必要性)”可知，在瑞士举行的世界经济论坛会议主张研究人员需要更快地取得突破。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Due to the fact that the existing system has created a “counterincentive” to advancement in science, a reform is underway urging an emphasis on quality over quantity. (由于现行制度对科学进步产生了“counterincentive”，因此正在进行一项改革，强调质量重于数量)”可知，现行制度对科学进步产生了阻碍作用，改革强调质量重于数量，因此“counterincentive”指的是阻碍或抑制的因素。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of what constitutes “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under tremendous pressure to produce results — and a lot of them — quickly. (要从科学的角度回答这个问题是不可能的，因为对于“匆忙”这一概念没有科学的定义。但毫无疑问，我们生活在一种文化中，顶尖大学的学者们面临着巨大的压力，需要迅速取得成果——而且是大量的成果)”可知，“知名学者的巨大成果”只能解释成果巨大，并不能解释良好的科学需要时间。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There’s plenty of evidence that scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the massive volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at more than seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down if we are to produce knowledge worthy of trust. (有大量的间接证据表明，科学家和其他学者推出结果的速度比过去快得多。想想最近发表的学术论文的数量吧。最近的一项研究显示，这一数字每年超过700万，而就在1980年，这一数字还不到100万。这一增长部分是由更多的科学家和更多的论文合著者推动的，但这些数字也表明，研究界更看重数量而不是质量。如果我们要产生值得信任的知识，研究人员可能需要放慢速度)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了科学研究被期望快速进展的困境，并指出这种快节奏的研究可能会带来的问题。所以“快车道科学的问题”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to protect your privacy when you travel It hasn’t been an easy year for the privacy of travelers, at least so far. Data leaks, surveillance (监视) worries and those troublesome cameras in airplane seat backs and hotel rooms are enough to make passengers anxious. ____16____ Fortunately, there are ways to safeguard your privacy on land and in the air. These tips can help you deal with these troubles. ____17____ “It’s not clever to declare on Facebook that you’re travelling to somewhere, reminding a wide range of people that your property is sitting empty,” says Danny Mcloughlin. “That puts your security at risk.” Wait until you return to start posting vacation photos. Some homeowners renting their residences may install security cameras. Travelers should find out if the hosts are required to disclose the presence of surveillance devices. If the rental comes with cameras, ensure they aren’t in a sensitive area by conducting a careful sweep. ____18____ Although you can’t control how a hotel or airline handles — or mishandles — your data, you can take reasonable steps to ensure the information it has won’t get you into trouble. ____19____. But some of the worst data leaks happen when you’re staying at a hotel. For example, a hotel clerk sometimes asks for your name and then announces your room number after you’ve checked in. You’re better off handing the employee your ID when he or she asks for your name and asking him/her to write your room number on a piece of paper. Why? ____20____ Just to be sure, never leave the customer copy behind. You can destroy it later, but keep it under your control. A. It’s never been better. B. Perhaps they shouldn’t be. C. Never broadcast your journey on social media. D. There are other people on the other side of the wall. E. However, travelers are not powerless against these threats. F. Some travelers only offer the bare minimum, such as a post office box instead of a home address. G. Report anything doubtful to the host immediately, and leave if you don’t like what you hear. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了旅行时保护个人隐私几种方法，包括不随意公布行程、检查住宿监控、谨慎提供个人信息等实用技巧。 【16题详解】 上文“It hasn’t been an easy year for the privacy of travelers, at least so far. Data leaks, surveillance (监视) worries and those troublesome cameras in airplane seat backs and hotel rooms are enough to make passengers anxious. (至少到目前为止，对于旅行者的隐私来说，今年并不容易。数据泄露、监控担忧以及飞机座椅靠背和酒店房间里那些麻烦的摄像头足以让乘客感到焦虑)”指出旅行者隐私面临的诸多威胁，下文“Fortunately, there are ways to safeguard your privacy on land and in the air. (幸运的是，有一些方法可以在陆地上和空中保护你的隐私)”说明有应对办法。E选项“However, travelers are not powerless against these threats. (然而，旅行者并非无力对抗这些威胁)”承上启下，转折引出下文的解决办法，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 下文““It’s not clever to declare on Facebook that you’re travelling to somewhere, reminding a wide range of people that your property is sitting empty,” says Danny Mcloughlin. “That puts your security at risk.” Wait until you return to start posting vacation photos. (Danny Mcloughlin说：“在脸书上宣布你要去某个地方，提醒很多人你的房产是空的，这是不明智的。”。“这会危及你的安全。”等到你回来再开始发布度假照片)”具体说明不要在社交平台公布旅行信息。C选项“Never broadcast your journey on social media. (永远不要在社交媒体上公布你的行程)”总领本段内容，提出该条隐私保护建议，符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“If the rental comes with cameras, ensure they aren’t in a sensitive area by conducting a careful sweep. (如果出租屋装有摄像头，仔细检查确保其不在敏感区域)”说明发现出租屋有摄像头后的检查步骤，G选项“Report anything doubtful to the host immediately, and leave if you don’t like what you hear. (立即向房东报告任何可疑情况，若不满意答复就离开)”承接上文，给出检查后发现问题的应对措施，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“Although you can’t control how a hotel or airline handles — or mishandles — your data, you can take reasonable steps to ensure the information it has won’t get you into trouble. (虽然你无法控制酒店或航空公司如何处理或错误处理你的数据，但你可以采取合理的措施来确保它所拥有的信息不会给你带来麻烦)”指出要采取措施保护个人信息，F选项“Some travelers only offer the bare minimum, such as a post office box instead of a home address. (一些旅行者只提供最基本的信息，比如用邮政信箱代替家庭住址)”承接上文，给出具体的信息保护做法，符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“For example, a hotel clerk sometimes asks for your name and then announces your room number after you’ve checked in. You’re better off handing the employee your ID when he or she asks for your name and asking him/her to write your room number on a piece of paper.(例如，酒店职员有时会问你的名字，然后在你办理入住手续后宣布你的房间号码。当员工问你的姓名并要求他/她在一张纸上写下你的房间号时，你最好把身份证交给他/她)”提出酒店职员大声报房号的问题，建议让职员把房号写在纸上，问句“Why? (为什么？)”提出疑问，D选项“There are other people on the other side of the wall. (墙的另一边还有其他人)”回答上文的疑问，解释该做法的原因是防止旁人听到房号泄露隐私，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in books from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new ____21____: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” In the past, students understood that hard work was not ____22____; an A demanded great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the ____23____ of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In a recent survey, ____24____, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for showing up at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a ____25____ about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck found praising kids for their abilities weakened their flexibility and led to a(n) ____26____ mindset, making them more likely to get discouraged or give up when they encountered setbacks. However, a shift from praising intelligence to praising effort could cultivate a growth mindset and ____27____ learning. The idea of celebrating persistence quickly made its way into widely-shared articles, ____28____ books and popular TED talks. The problem is that we’ve taken this practice too far. We’ve gone from ____29____ effort to treating it as an end in itself. We’ve failed to remind a generation of kids that working hard doesn’t guarantee doing a good job, ____30____ being a good person. What worries me most is that valuing perseverance above all else can motivate people to ____31____ bad strategies instead of developing better ones. A typical example is staying up all night rather than studying a little each day for a few days. If they don’t get an A, they often protest. Teachers and parents ____32____ kids a more balanced message. We award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest for good reasons. What counts is not just effort but the progress and performance that follow. The ideal ____33____ to a disappointing grade is to ask how you could have gotten a better return on your ____34____. Good grades are not granted for effort itself; they’re ____35____ through mastery of the material. The true measure of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 21. A. complaint B. excuse C. theory D. essay 22. A. practical B. massive C. adequate D. complex 23. A. proof B. quantity C. hope D. chance 24. A. for example B. by contrast C. in addition D. above all 25. A. discussion B. report C. misunderstanding D. feeling 26. A. embarrassed B. fixed C. confused D. pleased 27. A. avoid B. maintain C. cancel D. boost 28. A. best-selling B. life-changing C. record-breaking D. eye-catching 29. A. challenging B. preventing C. applauding D. wasting 30. A. let alone B. regardless of C. as to D. in spite of 31. A. give up B. compete with C. race against D. stick to 32. A. send B. burden C. miss D. owe 33. A. feedback B. concept C. response D. reflection 34. A. responsibility B. investment C. memory D. attitude 35. A. absorbed B. signaled C. earned D. adjusted 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今许多学生期望因为努力数量而得到奖励，而不是因为知识的质量，这是对教育理论的一种误解，老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的信息，强调好成绩是通过掌握材料获得的，而不是仅仅靠努力。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近，许多学生有了一个新的抱怨：“我的成绩没有反映出我在这门课上付出的努力。”A. complaint抱怨；B. excuse借口；C. theory理论；D. essay文章。根据后文“My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.”可知，这是学生的抱怨内容。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去，学生们明白努力工作是不够的；得A需要出色的表现。A. practical实际的；B. massive巨大的；C. adequate足够的；D. complex复杂的。根据后文“an A demanded great work”以及常识可知，得A需要出色的表现，所以此处表示学生明白努力工作是不够的。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，如今，许多学生期望因为他们努力的数量而得到奖励，而不是因为他们知识的质量。A. proof证明；B. quantity数量；C. hope希望；D. chance机会。根据后文“rather than the quality of their knowledge”以及语境可知，过去。学生明白努力工作是不够的，但是如今的学生期望因为努力的数量得到奖励。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，在最近的一项调查中，三分之二的大学生表示，“努力尝试”应该是他们成绩的一个因素，三分之一的学生认为，仅仅出席（大多数）课程就应该至少得到B。A. for example例如；B. by contrast相比之下；C. in addition此外；D. above all最重要的是。根据后文“two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades”可知，此处是在举例说明学生的观点。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是Z世代的错。这是对最流行的教育理论之一的一种误解的结果。A. discussion讨论；B. report报告；C. misunderstanding误解；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“The problem is that we’ve taken this practice too far.”可知，问题在于我们把这种做法过度了，说明这是对教育理论的一种误解。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一代多以前，心理学家卡罗尔·德韦克发现，表扬孩子的能力会削弱他们的灵活性，导致一种固定的心态，使他们在遇到挫折时更容易气馁或放弃。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. fixed固定的；C. confused困惑的；D. pleased高兴的。根据后文“making them more likely to get discouraged or give up when they encountered setbacks”可知，表扬孩子的能力会导致一种固定的心态，使孩子们遇到挫折时更容易气馁或放弃。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，从表扬智力转向表扬努力可以培养成长型思维，促进学习。A. avoid避免；B. maintain维持；C. cancel取消；D. boost促进。根据上文“a shift from praising intelligence to praising effort could cultivate a growth mindset and”以及后文“learning”可知，此处表示表扬努力可以促进学习。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：庆祝坚持的想法很快出现在广为分享的文章、畅销书和受欢迎的TED演讲中。A. best-selling畅销的；B. life-changing改变生活的；C. record-breaking破纪录的；D. eye-catching引人注目的。根据上文“The idea of celebrating persistence quickly made its way into widely-shared articles”可知，庆祝坚持的想法出现在广为分享的文章中，说明这种想法很受欢迎，因此也出现在畅销书中。故选A。 29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经从赞扬努力变成了把努力本身当作目的。A. challenging挑战；B. preventing阻止；C. applauding赞扬；D. wasting浪费。根据后文“effort to treating it as an end in itself”可知，此处指从赞扬努力发生了变化，变成了把努力本身当作目的。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们没有提醒一代孩子，努力工作并不能保证做好工作，更不用说做一个好人了。A. let alone更不用说；B. regardless of不管；C. as to至于；D. in spite of尽管。根据上文“working hard doesn’t guarantee doing a good job”可知，此处表示努力工作并不能保证做好工作，更不用说做好人。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最让我担心的是，把毅力看得高于一切会激励人们坚持糟糕的策略，而不是开发更好的策略。A. give up放弃；B. compete with与……竞争；C. race against与……赛跑；D. stick to坚持。根据后文“bad strategies instead of developing better ones”可知，此处表示坚持糟糕的策略。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的信息。A. send发送；B. burden负担；C. miss错过；D. owe应给予。根据后文“kids a more balanced message”可知，此处指老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的信息，owe sb. sth.表示“给予某人某物”，此处指应该给孩子的东西。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对令人失望的成绩的理想反应是问问自己，如何才能让自己的投资获得更好的回报。A. feedback反馈；B. concept概念；C. response反应；D. reflection反思。根据后文“to a disappointing grade is to ask how you could have gotten a better return on your”可知，此处指对令人失望的成绩的理想反应。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对令人失望的成绩的理想反应是问问自己，如何才能让自己的投资获得更好的回报。A. responsibility责任；B. investment投资；C. memory记忆；D. attitude态度。根据上文“how you could have gotten a better return on your”可知，此处指如何才能让自己的投资获得更好的回报，即努力学习的投资。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：好成绩不是靠努力本身获得的；它们是通过掌握材料获得的。A. absorbed吸收；B. signaled示意；C. earned获得；D. adjusted调整。根据上文“Good grades are not granted for effort itself”可知，好成绩是通过掌握材料获得的。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A style of calligraphy once used to record one of ancient China’s most ____36____ (ambition) scholarly projects is being brought back to life — not on silk or paper, ____37____ on screens, posters and mobile phones. On Friday, Chinese cultural institutions, launched a newly developed digital font (字体) based on the script of the Yongle Dadian, ____38____ vast encyclopedia (百科全书) collected more than 600 years ago during the Ming Dynasty. The two-year project aims to transform a historical writing style once ____39____ (reserve) for the imperial court into a font available for public use. The Yongle Dadian is regarded ____40____ the world’s first encyclopedia, ____41____ (bring) together classical texts including history, philosophy, literature, science and the arts. Much of the original work has since been lost, making surviving volumes ____42____ (cultural) invaluable. The project is part of a broader shift in how China is looking after the ____43____ (preserve) of its written heritage. ____44____ experts particularly emphasize is that this digital revival allows ancient scripts to reconnect with modern life. “Traditionally, this script ____45____ (protect) by being kept out of everyday use,” said Zhang Weitao, head of the Guangzhou branch of the China National Archives of Publications and Culture. “Now the aim is to let people use them, so they remain alive.” 【答案】36. ambitious 37. but 38. a 39. reserved 40. as 41. bringing 42. culturally 43. preservation 44. What 45. was protected 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了基于《永乐大典》的数字字体项目，旨在让古代书法重焕生机并融入现代生活。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一种曾用于记录中国古代最具雄心壮志的学术项目之一的书法风格正重新焕发生机——不是在丝绸或纸张上，而是在屏幕、海报和手机上。空处修饰名词短语“scholarly projects”，应用形容词ambitious“有雄心的，有野心的”作定语。故填ambitious。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：一种曾用于记录中国古代最具雄心壮志的学术项目之一的书法风格正重新焕发生机——不是在丝绸或纸张上，而是在屏幕、海报和手机上。结合句意可知，此处表示“不是……而是……”，应用固定短语“not...but...”。故填but。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：周五，中国文化机构推出了一种新开发的数字字体，该字体基于600多年前明朝时期收集的一部大型百科全书《永乐大典》的文字。此处泛指一部大型百科全书，应使用不定冠词，vast以辅音音素开头，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项为期两年的项目旨在将一种曾经专供宫廷使用的历史书写风格转变为可供公众使用的字体。空处是非谓语动词，reserve和逻辑主语“a historical writing style”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式reserved作后置定语。故填reserved。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：《永乐大典》被认为是世界上第一部百科全书，汇集了包括历史、哲学、文学、科学和艺术在内的经典文本。结合句意可知，此处表示“被认为是”，应用固定短语“be regarded as”。故填as。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：《永乐大典》被认为是世界上第一部百科全书，汇集了包括历史、哲学、文学、科学和艺术在内的经典文本。空处是非谓语动词，bring和逻辑主语“The Yongle Dadian”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式bringing作状语。故填bringing。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：大部分原始作品已经丢失，使得现存卷册在文化上具有无价之宝的价值。空处修饰形容词invaluable，应用副词culturally“文化上”，作状语。故填culturally。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：该项目是中国在保护其书面遗产方面更广泛转变的一部分。空处作介词after的宾语，应用名词preservation“保护”，不可数。故填preservation。 【44题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：专家们特别强调的是，这种数字复兴让古代文字与现代生活重新连接起来。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少强调的内容，应用连接代词what引导从句，作强调的内容，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 【45题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：传统上，这种文字通过不用于日常使用来保护。空处作句子的谓语，根据句意和“Traditionally”可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，protect和主语“this script”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was protected。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在2025年即将结束之际，学校发起“致老己（A Letter to My Old Self）”活动，请你给自己写一封信，总结过去一年的成长与感悟，并展望2026年的期望，内容需包括： 1. 2025年令你印象深刻的经历； 2. 这些经历带给你的感受与思考； 3. 对2026年的目标与心愿。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Old Self, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear My Old Self, As 2025 draws to a close, I’m writing to recall this meaningful year. The most unforgettable experience was overcoming my math weakness — by practicing daily and asking teachers for help, I finally got a good grade. Besides, working with classmates on the school science project taught me the power of teamwork. These moments let me realize that perseverance and cooperation always pay off. No effort is in vain as long as we stick to our goals. For 2026, I aim to improve my English speaking and strive for my dream university. May I be braver, more focused, and enjoy every step of growth. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给自己写一封信，总结过去一年的成长与感悟，并展望2026年的期望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 难忘的：unforgettable → memorable 意识到：realize → be aware 提升：improve → enhance 专注的：focused → dedicated 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, working with classmates on the school science project taught me the power of teamwork. 拓展句：Besides, what I learned from working with classmates on the school science project is the power of teamwork. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As 2025 draws to a close, I’m writing to recall this meaningful year. (运用了as引导的状语从句) 【高分句型2】No effort is in vain as long as we stick to our goals.(运用了as long as引导的状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Stacey Taylor, a tenth-grader, adored journalist Nellie Bly and dreamed of following in her footsteps. On her first day at Walker Senior High School, she was nervous but excited, knowing that her best friend Mandy would be with her. They’d stuck together from elementary school to junior high school, claiming bus seats, sitting together at lunch, and being the best in gym teams. However, Stacey was assigned to the advanced classes, separated from Mandy in English. science, math, and social studies. She was in low spirits in her new English class until her teacher, who was also the adviser to the school newspaper, invited students to attend the first meeting next Tuesday. Her heart raced — this was her chance to be a real journalist like Nellie Bly. Later, in gym, the coach announced soccer tryouts. Stacey and Mandy cheered, hoping to be on the team together — until Stacey heard soccer practice was every Tuesday, which conflicted with newspaper meetings. Stacey was torn. She talked to her English teacher, but he stressed commitment to the newspaper, just as the coach did for soccer. Her dad advised her to list the advantages and disadvantages: playing soccer meant staying with her best friend while writing for the newspaper meant pursuing her dream of journalism. She struggled, calling the choice “simply awful.” At Saturday’s soccer tryouts, the field was crowded and Stacey played well with Mandy. Unsurprisingly, when the team list came out on Monday, it showed that both of them made it. Seized with confusion instead of joy, Stacey leaned against the wall and closed her eyes. Noticing her strangeness, Jonathan, the soccer team’s manager who used a wheelchair, approached her with concern. Learning her problem, he shared his own story. He loved soccer, but due to his physical condition, he couldn’t join the soccer team. However, he didn’t give up. Instead, he became the team manager. And he encouraged Stacey to think creatively to find a solution that could satisfy both her needs to maintain friendships and pursue her dream. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Thinking over Jonathan’s words, Stacey consulted her dad again. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As a sports journalist, Stacey came to report the soccer team’s first training after tryouts. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Thinking over Jonathan’s words, Stacey consulted her dad again. Patient and concerned, he asked Stacey if she had made her choice. Shaking her head helplessly, she told the story of Jonathan, inquiring what the perfect solution would be. He wrote SOCCER and NEWSPAPER on the paper, thought for a while, and then added a plus sign between them. The words were like a ray of sunlight driving away the fog in front of Stacey. “I can be a sports journalist!” Stacey shouted, her previously knotted brows replaced by a joyful smile. As a sports journalist, Stacey came to report the soccer team’s first training after tryouts. Notebook in hand, she felt a thrilling sense of purpose. Mandy, spotting her, waved enthusiastically from the field. Responding with a bright smile, Stacey started her mission — interviewing the coach about his strategy for the season. She even sought out Jonathan, whose insightful advice had changed everything, and extended her sincere gratitude. He beamed with pride, happy to see her new identity. At that moment, Stacey realized she had turned a difficult choice into a new beginning by thinking creatively. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了十年级学生史黛西热爱新闻事业，梦想成为像内莉・布莱一样的记者。高中开学后，她与好友曼迪因分班分开，还面临着参加校报和加入足球队的时间冲突。在足球队经理乔纳森的启发下，她开始思考如何兼顾两者。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“反复思索着乔纳森的话，史黛西再次向父亲征求意见。”可知，第一段续写应围绕史黛西与父亲的交流展开，描述父亲如何引导她将足球和校报结合，让她想到成为体育记者这一解决办法，体现她的豁然开朗。 ②由第二段首句内容“作为体育记者，史黛西前来报道足球队试训后的第一次训练。”可知，第二段续写要展现史黛西以体育记者身份报道足球队训练的场景，包括她与曼迪、乔纳森的互动，以及她对这一选择的感悟，突出创造性解决问题带来的新开始。 2.续写线索：思考乔纳森的话后咨询父亲——父亲给出启发——史黛西想到成为体育记者——为体育记者报道首训——与曼迪、乔纳森互动——感悟选择的意义 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①喊叫：shout /yell ②取代：replace /take the place of ③意识到：realize /be aware of 情绪类 ①无助地：helplessly /powerlessly ②感激：gratitude /appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] She even sought out Jonathan, whose insightful advice had changed everything, and extended her sincere gratitude. (运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Patient and concerned, he asked Stacey if she had made her choice. (运用了if引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $