精品解析：上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试卷

上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考 英语试卷 第I卷（共90分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To a bank. B. To a travel agency. C. To a drugstore. D. To Spain. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m going to exchange some money for my trip to Spain tomorrow. W: I’ll go with you. But I need to get some aspirin for my headache right now. Q: Where will the woman most probably go first? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He forgot to submit his paper. B. He misremembered the deadline. C. He didn’t finish his paper on time. D. He couldn’t focus his mind on the paper. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: What’s up? You look so upset. M: I should have turned in my paper yesterday, but it totally slipped my mind. Q: What’s the man’s problem? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She is a movie enthusiast. B. She prefers thrillers to romances. C. She doesn’t like thrillers. D. She is not in the mood for any movie. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Which kind of movie do you like better, thriller or romance? W: Anything but a thriller. Q: What does the woman mean? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she is not good at calculating. B. Because she hurried to finish the report. C. Because she is quite a careless person. D. Because she cited unconfirmed figures. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Can you believe that Mary has made quite a lot of mistakes in calculation in her lab report? M: Well, she wouldn’t have if she hadn’t been in such a rush to get it done. Q: Why did Mary make so many mistakes in her report? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Lily forgot to deliver discs to the man. B. The man failed to renew the address. C. Lily planned to visit the new dormitory. D. The discs might have been mailed to the former place. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: My cousin Lily said she had mailed me some discs, but they never came. W: You’ve just moved into a new dormitory. Did you remind her to update the address? Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The woman doesn’t enjoy the leftovers. B. The man is an excellent cook in the army. C. The man has invited many people for lunch. D. The man intentionally prepared much food. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: Wow, you’ve made enough food to feed an army. M: So we will have plenty of leftover for tomorrow lunch. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The man should be more diligent. B. Cramming is effective for an exam. C. Biology is indeed difficult to learn. D. The man shouldn’t have stayed up that late. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m exhausted. I stayed up all night studying for my biology final exam but it’s in vain. W: Well, there is no shortcut to learning. Only constant effort works. Q: What does the woman mean? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Arrange to apply for another room. B. Make a complaint about her roommate. C. Ask her roommate to move out of the room. D. Change rooms with someone in the housing office. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: It’s the 3rd time this week my roommate threw a party in our room. I wonder if I should talk to someone at the housing office about changing rooms. M: It seems that you’ve got a sound reason now. Q: What does the man imply the woman should do? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Helen’s hard work is rewarding. B. Helen is an accomplished job hunter. C. Helen always complains about her job. D. Helen is viewed as a model by the speakers. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Did you hear? Helen has got the modeling job. W: Wow! All that walking practice really paid off. And for once she won’t be complaining about being so tall. Q: What can we know about Helen? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Every student should value Chinese culture. B. Chinese students are humble and reserved. C. He is deeply impressed by Chinese culture. D. Chinese students lack the courage to share ideas. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Many Chinese students are too shy to say anything in a classroom. M: Well, I think it’s because their culture values modesty, and they don’t want to appear to be showing off. Q: What does the man mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. To relocate to safer grounds. B. To migrate with the seasons. C. To seek more hunting grounds. D. To gather more food for survival. 12. A. It once belonged to the North Sea. B. It was drowned by the meltwater. C. It was an island abundant in wildlife. D. It was unveiled by the modern fishermen. 13. A. Polar ice caps will continue to melt at a rapid rate. B. The sea floor witnessed the rise and fall of the Europe. C. Doggerland is the birthplace of English civilization. D. Coastal residents are vulnerable to the climate change. 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D 【解析】 【原文】The United Kingdom is a group of islands off the coast of Europe — but it hasn’t always been that way. Many thousands of years ago, the UK was attached to Europe by a stretch of land known as Doggerland. And the evidence of the people who lived there is regularly found. Roughly 12,000 years ago, as the last major ice age was ending, the area that is now the North Sea was very different. Instead of water, the area had hills, wetlands and valleys full of trees. Stone Age people lived in Doggerland. They were hunter-gatherers who moved with the seasons and lived by fishing, hunting, and gathering food such as nuts and berries. Over time, they were slowly flooded out of their hunting grounds. Water which had been locked away in glacier began to melt, drowning Doggerland. Around 6,000 years ago, people were forced onto higher ground in what are today’s England and the Netherlands. The evidence of the ancient people’s presence can be found on the sea floor, where modern fishermen often find bones and tools that date back to about 9,000 years ago. Those studying Doggerland say the climate change faced by ancient people is similar to that we have now. They say that a similar situation could affect the billions of people who live within 60 kilometers of a sea shore today if polar ice caps continue to melt at a rapid pace. (Now listen again please.) Questions: 11. Why did Stone Age people leave Doggerland? 12. What can we learn about Doggerland? 13. What can be inferred from the passage? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Scientists in Britain are going to collect rocks on Mars. B. The discovery of Boron is a milestone in Mars exploration. C. Evidence indicates there exist plants and animals on Mars. D. The microscope is mainly used to identify different rocks. 15. A. Basic molecules for life. B. More essential chemicals. C. Holes caused by microbes. D. Ancient material from Mars. 16. A. The development of life on Mars. B. The search for signs of life on Mars. C. The importance of research on rocks. D. The discovery of surface water on Mars. 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】It is hard to imagine that plants or animals could ever exist on Mars. But scientists continue to look for evidence. NASA, America’s space agency, has found there was surface water on the Mars. So since that discovery, they have been looking for chemicals that would be present if there once was or still is life on the planet. At a meeting in California, NASA scientists reported an important discovery on Mars. They said for the first time that they had found very small amounts of boron. Boron is an important chemical that could help build RNA molecules. And RNA molecules are one of the basic building parts for life. The next spacecraft is planned to launch soon. It will bring rocks from Mars back to Earth. Scientists in Britain are getting ready for those Mars rocks now. Before this, using a powerful microscope, they have already examined million-year-old volcanic rocks found deep in the Pacific Ocean. The microscope showed holes on the rocks caused by tiny living things called microbes. Microbes are the oldest form of life on Earth. Next, the scientists in Britain will examine rocks which contain ancient material from Mars. The material comes from a time when Mars would have been more likely to support life. The scientists hope to get the same findings in the rocks from Mars as the ones they saw in the ocean rocks. If they do, they predict that the rocks coming directly from Mars will also show signs of life. (Now listen again please.) Questions: 14. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? 15. What do scientists hope to find through examining the rocks from Mars? 16. What is the passage mainly about? 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. To practise skateboarding. B. To encourage teenagers in trouble. C. To support a non-profit organization. D. To fulfil his dream of touring Europe. 18. A. They served as tour guides for Joe. B. They kept a record of Joe’s journey. C. They transported equipment for Joe. D. They took care of Joe’s accommodation. 19. A. He covered a rather long distance. B. He tried to follow his friends’ van. C. He fell down and broke the trainers. D. He climbed over the rugged mountains. 20. A. Prepare for another trip. B. Resign from his current job. C. Write a book about his journey. D. Renew a contract with the organization. 【答案】17. C 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Welcome, Joe. You made an amazing journey, travelling across Europe on a skateboard. What made you decide to do it? M: Two years ago I was fed up with my job and I heard about Boardwalk, a nonprofit organization that helps teenagers with difficulties. So I planned to raise money for Boardwalk by skateboarding through France to the Spain — about 3,000 kilometers. W: Did you get help from local businesses? M: Definitely. The travel agent in my town provided boat tickets to our starting point on the north coast of France. W: Great! Did you travel on your own? M: Two friends in their camper van acted as a back-up vehicle. They didn’t actually follow me but they carried the tents and luggage between the overnight stops. Funnily enough, their van broke down a couple of times, while I had no problems at all with my skateboard, although I took several spare sets of wheels. W: How many pairs of shoes did you need? M: Five pairs! There was one pair of trainers that only lasted a day. That was crossing the mountains into Spain. The roads were really steep and stony and I could see snow up on the mountain tops. Coming down was terrible because I had to use my foot as a brake. By the end of the day, the new pair of trainers were ruined. W: And how do you feel now it’s all over? M: Fantastic, because it has been so successful for Boardwalk. I’m going to be a member of them soon. I expected to feel depressed but I’ve been busy sorting the material of my trip. It is meaningful. W: That’s great. Thanks for talking to us, Joe. (Now listen again please.) Questions: 17. Why did Joe start the journey on a skateboard? 18. What did Joe’s friends do along the journey? 19. How did Joe ruin a new pair of trainers within a day? 20. What might Joe do after the interview? II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are touchscreens in cars dangerous? It might not have been the first to have a touchscreen but it was Tesla’s Model S, with its minimalist cabin built around a huge full-colour display, ____21____ set the trend. For years almost every new car sold ____22____ (come) with a high-tech, futuristic screen, which controls ____23____ from the air conditioning and satnav (卫星导航) to the music. Even safety features like automatic lane-keeping are sometimes screen-controlled. But are touchscreens safe? Drivers can learn the location of physical controls, and press buttons or twiddle dials ____24____ taking their eyes off the road (not least because a lot of the most useful ones are often on the steering wheel). A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, ____25____ (make) that much harder. And because a screen must do dozens of jobs, finding a particular setting often means tapping through several sub-menus. The result, say critics, is a dangerous distraction built into the car ____26____. Research backs that up. In 2022 Vi Bilagare, a Swedish motoring magazine, measured ____27____ it took drivers to do things like changing the temperature while driving at 110 kilometres per hour. It compared 11 cars with touchscreens to an older model with real buttons. In the old car, drivers were able to do all their tasks within ten seconds, during which time the car travelled around 300 metres. In the worst-performing modern car, the same tasks took 45 seconds, during which the car travelled 1.4km. Even in the best-performing models, testers still took several seconds longer than in the old car. Safety organisations are beginning to notice. From January, new rules from Euro NCAP, an organisation that provides safety ratings for cars sold in Europe, will mean no car ____28____ get a full five-star score ____29____ certain crucial functions—for instance, the windscreen wipers — are controlled by real switches. Euro NCAP’s safety guidelines have no legal force. But carmakers use its ratings as a selling-point. Carmakers that revert to buttons may reap other benefits, too. Many drivers dislike touchscreens for reasons _____30_____ safety, finding them fiddly (繁琐的) and annoying to use. Volkswagen and Porsche, among others, have begun restoring some buttons to their new models, citing drivers’ dislike of screens. But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens are falling out of favour, many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control—though that is a subject for another story. 【答案】21. that 22. has come 23. everything 24. without 25. making 26. itself 27. how long 28. can 29. unless 30. other than/apart from/aside from 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文围绕汽车触摸屏是否危险展开讨论。 【21题详解】 考查强调句。句意：特斯拉Model S或许不是第一款配备触摸屏的汽车，但它以围绕一块巨大全彩显示屏打造的极简主义驾驶舱引领了这一潮流。此句为强调句，其结构为“It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”，当被强调部分是人时，可用who，其他情况用that。本句中被强调部分是“Tesla’s Model S, with its minimalist cabin built around a huge full-colour display”，并非人，所以用that。故填that。 【22题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：多年来，几乎每一辆新销售的汽车都配备了高科技、未来感十足的屏幕，它可以控制从空调、卫星导航到音乐等一切功能。根据时间状语“For years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“almost every new car”是单数，所以用has come。故填has come。 【23题详解】 考查代词。句意：多年来，几乎每一辆新销售的汽车都配备了高科技、未来感十足的屏幕，它可以控制从空调、卫星导航到音乐等一切功能。根据语境可知，此处表示触摸屏能控制“一切”功能，所以用everything。故填everything。 【24题详解】 考查介词。句意：司机可以记住物理控制按钮的位置，在不把目光从道路上移开的情况下按下按钮或转动旋钮（尤其是因为很多最有用的按钮通常都在方向盘上）。根据语境，司机操作实体按钮时不用移开视线，所以用without，意为“没有”。故填without。 【25题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：触摸屏没有物理反馈，这使得操作变得困难得多。句中已有谓语动词offers，此处应用非谓语动词，前面整个句子与make之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词making作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。 【26题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：批评者说，结果是汽车自身内置了一种危险的干扰因素。此处表示汽车“自身”，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 【27题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：2022年，瑞典汽车杂志Vi Bilagare测量了司机在以每小时110公里的速度行驶时，完成诸如调节温度等操作所需的时间。此处作measured的宾语，引号宾语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，表示“多长时间”，所以用how long引导。故填how long。 【28题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：从1月起，为在欧洲销售的汽车提供安全评级的组织欧洲新车评估计划（Euro NCAP）出台的新规定将意味着，如果某些关键功能（例如挡风玻璃雨刮器）由触摸屏幕控制，没有汽车能够获得满分五星评级。根据语境，此处表示“能够”，所以用can。故填can。 【29题详解】 考查连词。句意：从1月起，为在欧洲销售的汽车提供安全评级的组织欧洲新车评估计划（Euro NCAP）出台的新规定将意味着，如果某些关键功能（例如挡风玻璃雨刮器）不由实体开关控制，没有汽车能够获得满分五星评级。根据语境，此处表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句，所以用unless。故填unless。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：许多司机不喜欢触摸屏，除了安全原因外，还觉得它们操作繁琐且烦人。根据语境，此处表示除了安全原因，还有其他原因，所以用other than/apart from/aside from，意为“除……之外（还有）”。故填other than/apart from/aside from。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. foundation B. functioning C. aging D. troubling E. association F. detailed G. underwent H. fairly I. cognitively J. occasions K. conditions Chronically sleepless? New study suggests it might cause your brain to age. Persistent sleeplessness may be far worse than a passing annoyance. A study published Wednesday in Neurology identifies a ____31____ link: Older people who have chronic insomnia appear more likely to experience accelerated ____32____ of the brain. These changes are revealed in both cognitive tests and imaging scans showing the altered structure of the brain. The research involved 2,750 ____33____ healthy adults with an average age of 70. The participants, who were tracked on average for 5.6 years, ____34____ annual testing of executive ____35____, visual-spatial reasoning and other dimensions of cognition. The data showed that 14 percent of those with chronic insomnia developed mild cognitive impairment (损伤) or dementia while 10 percent of those who did not have chronic insomnia did. Diego Z. Carvalho, a sleep medicine specialist at the Mayo Clinic and lead author of the study, said the work supports growing evidence that suboptimal sleep, as early as in midlife, may foreshadow neurodegeneration. He noted that the study shows only a(n) ____36____ and not causation. “It could also be that poor sleep early on can be an indicator of cognitive decline,” Carvalho said. “It’s very hard to untangle (理清).” Research on sleep and brain health has surged in the past decade, revealing important links between poor sleep and ____37____ such as dementia and Alzheimer’s. A landmark 2021 study published in JAMA Neurology found that sleeping more or less than the ideal range of seven to eight hours was connected to cognitive difficulties. Sleeping less than six hours or more than nine hours was also tied to other health issues, including higher body mass index and increased symptoms of depression. Karin G. Johnson, a sleep neurologist in Springfield, Massachusetts, said this type of ____38____ finding is ____39____ new for her field. Adequate rest is crucial, Johnson said, because the brain’s process of clearing out toxins is thought to follow circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and works best during sleep. She also advocates for policy changes, such as later school start times, to support better sleep habits. “It’s important to lay that _____40_____ of giving people enough time to sleep,” she said. 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. I 34. G 35. B 36. E 37. K 38. F 39. H 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述了一项新研究发现慢性失眠与大脑加速衰老可能存在联系，同时提及睡眠研究领域其他相关成果，并强调充足睡眠对大脑健康的重要性以及倡导相关政策改变。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：周三发表在《神经病学》杂志上的一项研究发现了一种令人担忧的联系：患有慢性失眠症的老年人似乎更有可能经历大脑的加速衰老。“link”是名词，需要形容词修饰，根据后文“Older people who have chronic insomnia appear more likely to experience accelerated”可知，该联系表明慢性失眠与大脑加速衰老的关系，这种关系令人担忧，troubling“令人担忧的”符合语境。故填D。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：周三发表在《神经病学》杂志上的一项研究发现了一种令人担忧的联系：患有慢性失眠症的老年人似乎更有可能经历大脑的加速衰老。““accelerated”是形容词，修饰名词，这里指大脑的加速衰老过程，aging“衰老；老化”符合语境。故填C。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：这项研究涉及2750名认知方面健康的成年人，平均年龄为70岁。“healthy”是形容词，需要副词修饰，根据后文“cognitive”可知，cognitively“在认知方面”表明从认知角度描述这些成年人的健康状况，符合语境，故填I。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：参与者平均被跟踪5.6年，每年都要接受执行功能、视觉空间推理和其他认知维度的测试。句子缺少谓语动词，且整个研究描述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时，这里表示参与者每年经受相关测试，underwent“经历；经受”符合语境。故填G。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：参与者平均被跟踪5.6年，每年都要接受执行功能、视觉空间推理和其他认知维度的测试。“executive”是形容词，修饰名词，“executive functioning”表示“执行功能”，是测试的一个方面，functioning“功能”符合语境。故填B。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：他指出，这项研究只表明了一种关联，而非因果关系。“a(n) +名词”结构，结合语境，研究只是揭示了慢性失眠与认知衰退等之间的关联，association“关联；联系”符合语境，用于说明研究表明的关系类型。故填E。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：在过去十年中，关于睡眠和大脑健康的研究激增，揭示了睡眠不足与痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病等疾病之间的重要联系。“such as dementia and Alzheimer’s”对前面的名词进行举例，这里指睡眠不足与这些疾病的联系，conditions“疾病；状况”符合语境，故填K。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德的睡眠神经学家卡琳·G·约翰逊说，这种详细的发现对她所在的领域来说相当新。“finding”是名词，需要形容词修饰，此处表示研究发现很详细，detailed“详细的；细致的”符合语境。故填F。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德的睡眠神经学家卡琳·G·约翰逊说，这种详细的发现对她所在的领域来说相当新。“new”是形容词，需要副词修饰，fairly“相当地；颇”说明这种发现新的程度。故填H。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：“为人们提供足够的睡眠时间来奠定这个基础很重要，”她说。“lay the foundation”是固定短语，意为“奠定基础”，这里指为保障人们睡眠奠定基础，foundation“基础”符合语境。故填A。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Pursuing a “Useless” Degree At university, when I told people I was studying for a history degree, the response was almost always the same: “You want to be a teacher?” No, a journalist. “Oh. But you’re not____41____communications?” In the days when a university education was a privilege, perhaps there wasn’t the____42____that a degree had to be a springboard directly into a career. Those days are long gone. Today, a degree is all but a(n)____43____for the job market, one that more than halves your chances of being unemployed. Still, that alone is no____44____of a job-and yet we’re paying more and more for one. Given those costs, most of us want to maximize that____45____—and that can lead to a plug-and-play type of approach to higher education. Want to be a journalist? Study journalism, we’re told. A lawyer? Pursue pre-law. Not totally sure? Go into STEM-you can become an engineer or an IT expert. And no matter what you do,____46____the humanities, such as history, philosophy and languages. It’s true that the humanities come with a higher risk of unemployment, but the risk is____47____than you would imagine. For young people in the U.S., the unemployment rate of those with humanities degrees is four percent, just a little more than that of engineering degree holders. Lower____48____may not be caused by the degree itself either. The gender pay gap____49____in the humanities, whose graduates are more likely to be female. Is it any____50____then that English teachers tend to make less than engineers? According to LinkedIn’s research on the most____51____job skills by employers for 2019, the ability to communicate and get along with people, to understand what’s on other people’s minds, and to do full-strength critical analysis were all valued and appreciated. It goes without saying that you can be a(n)____52____communicator and critical thinker without a humanities degree. And any good university education, not just one in English or psychology, should____53____these abilities further. But few courses of study are quite as____54____on reading, writing, speaking and critical thinking as the humanities— whether that’s by debating other students in a seminar(研讨会), writing a thesis paper or analyzing poetry. The whole question of whether a student should choose STEM versus the humanities might be misguided to begin with. The headlines most of us see don’t help. Whatever a student pursues in university, it must be something that they are not only good at, but(15)____55____. Even if it means pursuing a “useless” degree - like one in humanities. 41. A. believing B. involving C. majoring D. participating 42. A. assumption B. explanation C. judgment D. intention 43. A. alternative B. choice C. necessity D. tool 44. A. concern B. guarantee C. indication D. shortage 45. A. achievement B. investment C. punishment D. requirement 46. A. consider B. forget C. notice D. remember 47. A. bigger B. rarer C. severer D. slighter 48. A. salaries B. scores C. spending D. status 49. A. assists B. consists C. persists D. resists 50. A. benefit B. coincidence C. mystery D. wonder 51. A. built-in B. grown-up C. missed-out D. sought-after 52. A. amusing B. excellent C. nervous D. poor 53. A. fasten B. sharpen C. weaken D. worsen 54. A. difficult B. frequent C. heavy D. strange 55. A. cared about B. interested in C. looked after D. tired of 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. D 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者以人文学科为例，讨论了在当今社会，文凭并不是就业的踏板，薪水的高低也并不仅仅是由文凭决定的。无论什么样的大学教育都应该注重提高学生沟通、理解、全面批判性分析的能力；比起就业率，我们在选择专业时应该优先考虑兴趣。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但你不是主修传播学啊？A. believing相信；B. involving包含，涉及；C. majoring主修；D. participating参与。根据前文“我”的回答“No, a journalist.”说明“我”想成为一名记者。所以别人觉得我应该主修传播学才对。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大学教育被视为一种特权的时代，也许没有人认为学位必须是直接进入职业生涯的跳板。A. assumption假设；B. explanation解释；C. judgment判断；D. intention意图。分析句子可知，空后that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明空处的抽象名词，后文“a degree had to be a springboard directly into a career”是人们在过去的一种想法、假设。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，学位几乎是就业市场的必需品，它能使你失业的几率减半。A. alternative代替品；B. choice选择；C. necessity必需品，必要；D. tool工具。根据后文“one that more than halves your chances of being unemployed. ”可知，学位几乎是就业市场的必需品。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅这一点并不能保证一份工作，但我们为一份工作支付的费用却越来越高。A. concern担忧、挂念；B. guarantee保证；C. indication暗示；D. shortage短缺。根据前文Still可知，虽然就业时学位是必不可少的，但是学位并不一定能保证一份工作给你。故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这些成本，我们大多数人都希望将投资最大限度地利用起来——这可能导致一种即插即用式的高等教育方式。A. achievement成就；B. investment投资；C. punishment惩罚；D. requirement要求。空前限定词that指上文中的“we’re paying more and more ”或“those cost”，这属于我们为了得到学位付出的投资、成本。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管你做什么，忘记人文学科，比如历史、哲学和语言。A. consider考虑；B. forget忘记；C. notice注意；D. remember记住，记得。根据后文“It’s true that the humanities come with a higher risk of unemployment”可知主修人文学科更有可能失业，所以无论未来想做什么，人文学科应该最后考虑，即忘了它。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：的确，人文学科会带来更高的失业风险，但这种风险比你想象的要小。A. bigger更大的；B. rarer更稀有的；C. severer更严重的；D. slighter更轻微的，更小的。根据转折连词but可知，即使人文学科带来失业风险，但是这种风险没有你想象中那么大，所以是更轻微的风险。故选D项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：较低的薪水可能也不是学位本身造成的。A. salaries薪水；B. scores得分；C. spending花费；D. status地位。根据后文“gender pay gap(性别收入差距)”和“ English teachers tend to make less than engineers(英语教师往往比工程师挣得少)”可知更低的收入并不仅仅是受学位的影响。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在人文学科中，性别收入差距依然存在，因为该学科的毕业生更有可能是女性。A. assists帮助；B. consists由……组成；C. persists坚持，继续存在；D. resists抵抗。根据前文“gender pay gap(性别收入差距)”和后半句“whose graduates are more likely to be female”可知，性别收入差距是仍然存在的。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，英语教师往往比工程师挣得少有什么奇怪（惊讶）的吗?A. benefit好处；B. coincidence巧合；C. mystery奥秘，难以理解的事物；D. wonder惊讶，奇迹。根据前文“Lower ____ may not be caused by the degree itself either.”可知较低的薪水可能是别的原因导致的，比如前文提到的性别“gender pay gap”或者后文提到的职业的不同“ English teachers tend to make less than engineers”，所以此处作者认为英语老师往往比工程师挣得少不足为奇。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：根据LinkedIn对2019年最受雇主欢迎的工作技能的研究，沟通和与人相处的能力，理解别人的想法，以及进行全面批判性分析的能力都得到了重视和赞赏。A. built-in内建的；B. grown-up成年人的；C. missed-out错过的；D. sought-after受欢迎的。根据后文的“ the ability to communicate and get along with people, to understand what’s on other people’s minds, and to do full-strength critical analysis ”可知，这些都属于积极的能力，也就是雇主寻找的，受雇主欢迎的。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，即使没有人文学科的学位，你也可以成为一个优秀的沟通者和批判性思考者。A. amusing有趣的；B. excellent优秀的；C. nervous紧张的；D. poor可怜的。根据上文提到的受雇主欢迎的工作能力和后文的“without a humanities degree”，可知即使没有人文学科的学位，你也可以在工作中表现的很优秀。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何好的大学教育，不仅仅是英语或心理学的教育，都应该进一步提高这些能力。A. fasten加快；B. sharpen提高，改善，锐化；C. weaken削弱；D. worsen恶化。上文提到的能力都是被雇主欣赏和重视的，所以大学教育应该提高学生的这些能力，以提高就业率。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但很少有课程像人文学科一样，在阅读、写作、演讲和批判性思考方面如此繁重——无论是在研讨会上与其他学生辩论(研讨会)、撰写论文还是分析诗歌。A. difficult困难的；B. frequent频繁的；C. heavy沉重的；D. strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据转折连词but和后面的举例“whether that’s by debating other students in a seminar, writing a thesis paper or analyzing poetry.”可知人文学科在阅读、写作、演讲和批判性思考方面所需要做的特别多，即课程任务非常繁重。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论一个学生在大学追求什么，它必须是他们不仅擅长，而且感兴趣的东西。A. cared about在乎；B. interested in感兴趣；C. looked after照顾；D. tired of厌倦。根据后文“Even if it means pursuing a “useless” degree - like one in humanities.(即使这意味着追求一个“无用”的学位——比如人文学科的学位。)”说明我们选择的专业不仅仅是为了就业，更应该选择自己感兴趣的专业。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) For the past few weeks, I’ve been taking my son to the playground. Or, rather, he’s been taking me, as it’s right inside his school and he’s taken to running into it with the pace of a greased pig, leaving me to roar after him. Speed, he likes to tell me, is one of his main superpowers. He has several now, with strength and willpower close behind. It’s his speed, however, which comes in most useful here, since he knows that once he’s through its gates, I will be powerless to remove him. There will be other parents present and the social conventions of parenting among strangers mean I will be too embarrassed to scream after him. I’d be annoyed if I didn’t find these trips so anthropologically (人类学地) thrilling, and if it didn’t also give his baby sister a chance to crawl around. The surface is soft and padded, made of an elastic substance. It is one of the few spaces on Earth in which you could not perceive of a baby finding injury, but this is balanced out by the fact that it is usually filled with children whose spatial awareness, and moral reluctance to stamping on babies’ heads, could both be termed areas for improvement. With one eye on her, I make sure to observe her brother. To watch him courting potential friends is thrilling, and painful. He asks people to be his friend. I don’t mean ‘in so many words’, I mean he approaches someone who looks fun and says ‘can we be friends?’. Others do the same to him in turn, and so creates the daisy chain of companionship which prevails in the four-year-old population. Most kids say ‘OK’ and run away, bringing about an impromptu (即兴的) game of tag that serves as the on-boarding for this newborn friendship. Other times I watch as would-be pals issue a stiff ‘no’ and return to whatever they were doing. At this, he moves on to the next person, unmoved. He is, in this sense, hardier than I, since I can barely watch such rejections without wanting to cry on his behalf. Watching, it’s hard to tell what adults have actually gained from masking our true wants and needs with decades of deep-rooted repression (抑制) and social performance. Would it not be better if we could all just approach anyone on the tube and ask to be their friend because they were wearing a cool hat? Unfortunately, moral cowards that we are, we do not pledge to be best friends. Instead, as we watch our children do it a dozen times in as many minutes, we silently envy their greatest superpower. 56. What has happened in the past few weeks? A. The son has cultivated superpowers including speed, strength and willpower. B. The son has been chasing a greased pig regardless of his father’s warning. C. Social conventions have embarrassed the author outside the school gate. D. The author and his children have been killing time on the playground. 57. It can be inferred from the author’s trip that ______. A. the facilities are secure while children may cause danger B. he is annoyed because his daughter cannot crawl on it C. there exists a subtle balance between reality and ideal D. he is too busy to keep an eye on both of his children 58. The author feels both thrilling and painful because ______. A. children who play the impromptu game of tag with his son may indicate rejections B. deep-rooted repression and social performance prevent kids from making friends C. his son makes friends in a simple and direct way but may be rejected occasionally D. it is hard for the four-year-old population to form the genuine companionship 59. Which of the following best summarizes the passage from the perspective of the author? A. The trip to the playground reveals my son’s superpowers – speed, strength and willpower. B. My son says his superpower is speed but I think it is his approach to making friends. C. The majority of adults are silently envious of their children’s greatest superpower. D. Straightforward praise is far better than masking our true wants and needs. 【答案】56. D 57. A 58. C 59. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者带儿子和女儿去操场玩耍，观察儿子交友过程引发对成年人交友方式的思考。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For the past few weeks, I’ve been taking my son to the playground. Or, rather, he’s been taking me, as it’s right inside his school and he’s taken to running into it with the pace of a greased pig, leaving me to roar after him.(过去几周，我一直带儿子去操场。 或者更确切地说，是他带着我——因为操场就在他学校里面，他一进去就像抹了油的小猪似的飞快冲进去，我只能在后面追着喊他)”可知，作者和孩子们一直在操场消磨时间。故选D项。 【57题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The surface is soft and padded, made of an elastic substance. It is one of the few spaces on Earth in which you could not perceive of a baby finding injury, but this is balanced out by the fact that it is usually filled with children whose spatial awareness, and moral reluctance to stamping on babies’ heads, could both be termed areas for improvement.(地面柔软且有衬垫，由弹性物质制成。这是地球上为数不多的你不会认为婴儿会受伤的地方之一，但通常这里满是孩子，他们的空间意识以及不愿踩到婴儿头上的道德意识都有待提高，这就平衡了安全性)”可知，操场设施安全但孩子们可能会带来危险。故选A项。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To watch him courting potential friends is thrilling, and painful. He asks people to be his friend.(看着他结交潜在朋友既令人兴奋又痛苦。他会主动请求别人做他的朋友)”以及第四段“Other times I watch as would-be pals issue a stiff ‘no’ and return to whatever they were doing.(其他时候，我看到潜在的朋友生硬地说‘不’，然后回去继续做他们正在做的事)”可知，作者感到既兴奋又痛苦是因为儿子以简单直接的方式交朋友但偶尔会被拒绝。故选C项。 【59题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Speed, he likes to tell me, is one of his main superpowers.(他喜欢告诉我，速度是他的主要超能力之一)”以及最后一段“Instead, as we watch our children do it a dozen times in as many minutes, we silently envy their greatest superpower.(相反，当我们看着我们的孩子在几分钟内做十几次这样的事（交朋友）时，我们默默地羡慕他们最强大的超能力)”可知，作者认为儿子说的超能力是速度，但实际上他真正的超能力是交朋友的方式。故选B项。 (B) Before Heading to College, Make a Mental Health Checklist As fall approaches, new students will arrive on college campuses toting (携带) all kinds of things: luggage and school supplies, mini fridges and sports equipment. Experts suggest that parents and teenagers take proactive steps now to help plan for and preserve mental well-being during the big transition to college. Connect early with the counseling center Consider contacting the college’s counseling center before you arrive on campus. This is particularly important for those who already have an emotional disorder or other mental health concern. At SUNY Broome Community College in Binghamton, N.Y., the counseling center begins seeing registered students as early as Aug. 1, one month before classes begin. “A lot of times the students who come to us early, they have a lot that they need to unpack,” said Melissa Martin, a licensed social worker and chairwoman of counseling services at the school. Check to see if the counseling center provides off-campus referrals, and assemble a short list of potential providers to have in your back pocket ahead of arriving at school. This is a good practice for any student, as it may be necessary to seek outside support if the school’s counseling center develops a waiting list. Embrace other types of support There are many resources available to students besides the counseling center. Tutoring, peer advising, student activities and career services can all help support a student’s emotional well-being. Connecting with other students is especially important, the experts said. Spend some time looking at the school’s extracurricular activities and clubs. Consider having a roommate even if you have the option of living alone, Mrs. Martin said — it can broaden your social network and help buffer stressors. Practice basic wellness habits In the summer before college, teenagers should take stock of how they’re eating, sleeping and socializing, the experts said, especially given that they may have formed some unhealthy habits during the pandemic. If a student’s basic needs are neglected, it becomes more difficult to cultivate a healthier mental state. Learning how to support yourself and taking steps to become more independent can also make the college transition less jarring. Before arriving on campus, practice managing a budget; advocating for yourself with a teacher, doctor or coach; or spending time outside of your childhood home — perhaps with a relative, or at summer camp. 60. According to the passage, experts suggest the following ways EXCEPT ______ for students to be emotionally well. A. living alone on or off campus B. developing good personal habits C. taking part in after-school activities D. seeking advice at counseling centers 61. The underlined word “jarring” is closest in meaning to ______. A. boring B. amazing C. touching D. annoying 62. The passage is intended for ______. A. college students seeking job opportunities B. university students majoring in psychology C. students heading to college in the coming autumn D. would-be college students suffering mental disorder 【答案】60. A 61. D 62. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要为即将步入大学的新生提供一份心理健康清单，介绍了在大学过渡阶段保持心理健康的方法。 【60题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Embrace other types of support”部分中“Consider having a roommate even if you have the option of living alone, Mrs. Martin said — it can broaden your social network and help buffer stressors.(马丁夫人说，即使你可以选择独居，也要考虑找个室友——这可以拓宽你的社交网络，帮助缓解压力)”可知，专家不建议在校内或校外独自居住。故选A项。 【61题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Practice basic wellness habits”部分中“Learning how to support yourself and taking steps to become more independent can also make the college transition less jarring.(学会如何养活自己并采取措施变得更加独立，也能让大学过渡阶段不那么令人jarring.)”以及结合前文提到养成健康习惯以及独立的重要性，可知此处是说这些能让过渡阶段不那么令人烦恼。故选D项。 【62题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Before Heading to College, Make a Mental Health Checklist(上大学前，列一份心理健康清单)”以及第一段“As fall approaches, new students will arrive on college campuses toting (携带) all kinds of things (随着秋天的临近，新生们将带着各种各样的东西来到大学校园)”可知，文章是为即将在秋季进入大学的学生准备的。故选C项。 (C) You might forgive a casual visitor to Earth for thinking that the leaders here all wear beautiful clothes, have gleaming white teeth and wave continually while they walk down red carpets into luxurious buildings. Judging by the never-ending TV coverage of award ceremonies and the stacks of glossy magazines piled up by supermarket checkouts, it’s easy to see why this mistake might be made. Our fixation on celebrities has never been more evident. But according to psychologists, this obsession may be nothing new. Our fascination with the rich and famous goes way back, with people looking to kings and queens for examples of how to dress and behave. For instance, the popularity of the traditional white wedding dress can be traced back to the one worn by Queen Victoria at her wedding in 1840. Before this, brides traditionally wore dresses in all sorts of colours. Going back even further, our earliest ancestors lived in tribes, where leaders were watched carefully for clues on how best to survive. We still live in a society dominated by hierarchies and our modern-day obsession with celebrities could simply be an extension of a basic instinct to pay close attention to those at the top. What has changed, of course, is the rise of the media, and with it, easier access to these glamorous lifestyles — something celebrities are all too aware of. They know that by constantly appearing in online news feeds and reaching out to their fans, they can raise their profile and make sure they’re not forgotten. The growth of the media has also meant that there are now many more ways to become famous. Consequently, we’re no longer simply celebrity-watchers but, celebrities-in-waiting, waiting for our chance to shine on the world stage. Many of us believe that we’ll be famous one day and the idea of becoming the centre of attention is very real in many of our minds. But until then, we’re happy just watching. One theory suggests that with the decline in large families and close-knit communities, celebrities have, for some people, taken the place of these social groups. Just as we’d once been eager to find out what the neighbours were up to, we’re now keen to know everything about our new “family” members. But is there really anything wrong with caring about what our idol is doing? Well, like most addictions, you can suffer from it to varying degrees. Many agree that for most of us, our fascination with celebrities is nothing more than a harmless interest in people who lead very different lives. And what could possibly be wrong with that? 63. Why does the passage mention the origin of the white wedding dress? A. To illustrate the influence of leaders on fashion choices. B. To highlight the decline of traditional wedding ceremonies. C. To emphasize the role of media in influencing wedding trends. D. To demonstrate that white wedding dresses are no longer fashionable. 64. According to the passage, what is the primary reason people are fascinated by celebrities? A. Celebrities are inaccessible and mysterious. B. People are instinctively drawn to those at the top of hierarchies. C. Celebrities actually lead ordinary lives that are relatable to the general public. D. People are trying to replace their traditional social groups. 65. What does the passage imply about the role of celebrities in modern society? A. Celebrities have lost their appeal and relevance in contemporary society. B. Celebrities are primarily responsible for shaping modern societal values. C. Celebrities have taken on the role of traditional social groups for some. D. Celebrities play a minor role in modern society compared to historical figures. 66. Which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree with? A. Fascination with celebrities is mainly driven by modern media. B. Fascination with celebrities is a harmless and natural human instinct with historical roots. C. Fascination with celebrities is an unhealthy addiction that needs to be controlled. D. Fascination with celebrities is driven by the curiosity about other’s privacy. 【答案】63. A 64. B 65. C 66. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨人们对名人的痴迷现象，指出这种痴迷并非新生事物，从历史上人们就会关注领袖的穿着和行为，如维多利亚女王引领白色婚纱潮流，如今媒体发展使人们更易接触名人生活，有人认为名人取代了部分传统社会群体，但对多数人而言，这种痴迷是无害且源于本能的。 【63题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Our fascination with the rich and famous goes way back, with people looking to kings and queens for examples of how to dress and behave. For instance, the popularity of the traditional white wedding dress can be traced back to the one worn by Queen Victoria at her wedding in 1840. Before this, brides traditionally wore dresses in all sorts of colours.(我们对富人和名人的迷恋由来已久，人们以国王和女王为榜样，学习穿着和行为举止。例如，传统白色婚纱的流行可以追溯到1840年维多利亚女王婚礼上所穿的婚纱。在此之前，新娘传统上穿着各种颜色的婚纱)可知，提到白色婚纱的起源是为了说明领袖对时尚选择的影响，人们会效仿女王的穿着。故选A项。 【64题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“We still live in a society dominated by hierarchies and our modern - day obsession with celebrities could simply be an extension of a basic instinct to pay close attention to those at the top.(我们仍然生活在一个等级制度主导的社会中，我们现代对名人的痴迷可能只是一种基本本能的延伸，即密切关注处于顶层的人)可知，人们对名人着迷的主要原因是本能地被等级制度中处于顶端的人吸引。故选B项。 【65题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“One theory suggests that with the decline in large families and close - knit communities, celebrities have, for some people, taken the place of these social groups.(一种理论认为，随着大家庭和紧密社区的减少，对一些人来说，名人已经取代了这些社会群体)”可知，文章暗示在现代社会中，对一些人来说，名人承担了传统社会群体的角色。故选C项。 【66题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Our fascination with the rich and famous goes way back, with people looking to kings and queens for examples of how to dress and behave.(我们对富人和名人的迷恋由来已久，人们以国王和女王为榜样，学习穿着和行为举止。)”以及最后一段“Many agree that for most of us, our fascination with celebrities is nothing more than a harmless interest in people who lead very different lives.(许多人认为，对我们大多数人来说，对名人的迷恋只不过是对那些过着截然不同生活的人产生的一种无伤大雅的兴趣。)”可知，作者认为对名人的迷恋有历史根源，且对大多数人来说是一种无害的兴趣，是一种自然的人类本能。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Why gratitude is good for you Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift. ____67____ And this positive emotion can be good for our health — our emotional and physical health, as well as the health of our relationships. Let’s start by looking at the emotional or mental health benefits of expressing gratitude. There have been many studies, as described in a 2018 paper from the Greater Good Science Center titled “The Science of Gratitude” , showing that writing a gratitude letter to another person or writing in a gratitude journal, if done regularly, improves mental health. ___68___ But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, like in a journal, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life. And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive. And so, the more we express gratitude, the more positive we feel. ____69____ There are studies linking a gratitude practice to better sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced infection in people who have had heart problems. So gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives? The simple answer is “yes” . When shared — spoken or written — gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. ____70____ And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us. Maybe we should all stop counting sheep or counting calories and start counting our blessings instead? A. Gratitude can also make us feel good physically. B. Therefore, it’s easy to tell that gratitude is advantageous to us. C. It is the feeling of being grateful and wanting to express our thanks. D. It can help promote stronger relationships with family, friends or even colleagues. E. One reason for this, is that gratitude stops us from reflecting on negative emotions. F. It is a deeper appreciation for someone or something that makes us feel a positive emotion. 【答案】67. F 68. E 69. A 70. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表达感激不仅给自己的身心健康带来好处，而且也有助于帮助别人感觉到被重视，进而增进人与人之间的关系。 【67题详解】 上文“Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift.”说明感恩不仅仅是对帮助过我们或给过我们礼物的人说声“谢谢”。下文“ And this positive emotion can be good for our health — our emotional and physical health, as well as the health of our relationships.”说明这种积极的情绪对我们的健康有益——我们的情绪和身体健康，以及我们的人际关系的健康。空处承上启下，应是对感恩的进一步解释说明。F项“It is a deeper appreciation for someone or something that makes us feel a positive emotion.(它是一种对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，使我们感受到一种积极的情绪。)”符合语境。F项中“positive emotion”与下文“this positive emotion”呼应。故选F项。 【68题详解】 上文“Let’s start by looking at the emotional or mental health benefits of expressing gratitude. ”说明让表达感激对情绪或心理健康有的好处；空前一句“There have been many studies, as described in a 2 0 1 8 paper from the Greater Good Science Center titled “ The Science of Gratitude” , showing that writing a gratitude letter to another person or writing in a gratitude journal, if done regularly, improves mental health. (有很多研究，如Greater Good Science Center发表的一篇题为《感恩的科学》的论文中所述，表明给他人写一封感恩信或在感恩杂志上写感谢信，如果定期这样做，可以改善心理健康)”说明把感激写出来有好处。下文“But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, like in a journal, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life. (但是，即使我们不与任何人分享我们的写作，比如在日记中，完成练习的行为本身会让我们更快乐，对生活更满意)”说明即使不把感激写下来和别人分享，只要写出来也能给自己的精神健康带来积极的影响和改变。空处承上启下，应是把感激表达出来的具体好处。E项“One reason for this, is that gratitude stops us from reflecting on negative emotions.(这样做的一个原因是，感恩阻止我们反思负面情绪)”是说明把感激写下来和别人分享的好处，与下文“But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone”形成转折关系，符合语境。故选E项。 【69题详解】 下文“There are studies linking a gratitude practice to better sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced infection in people who have had heart problems.(有研究表明，感恩与睡眠质量、饮食习惯以及减少心脏病患者的感染有关。)”说明感激不仅能带来上一段提到的精神上的好处，还能带来身体上的好处。空处为主题句，总结本段，即感激带来身体的好处。A项“Gratitude can also make us feel good physically.(感恩也能让我们的身体感觉良好)”符合语境。故选A项。 【70题详解】 上文“When shared — spoken or written — gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. (当分享时——口头或书面——感激是关于感觉被重视和帮助别人也感觉被重视。)”说明分享感激不仅对我们自己的身心有好处，对别人也有积极的影响。由此推知，分享感激有助于提高改善感激者和被感激者的情感和关系。D项“It can help promote stronger relationships with family, friends or even colleagues.(它可以帮助加强与家人、朋友甚至同事的关系)”符合语境。故选D项。 第II卷（50分） IV. Summary 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Brain Hunger Do you ever feel like no matter how much you eat, you are still not full? You may be suffering from a condition known as “brain hunger.” This occurs when the dopamine signaling in your brain is damaged, making it difficult for your body to recognize when it has had enough food. What are the underlying causes of brain hunger? Genetics can play a role. Research has shown that the dopamine receptor D4 gene may be responsible for regulating cognitive functions related to eating behavior and body weight. Some people have this gene variation that does not allow for a normal dopamine release in response to things that typically would bring joy and pleasure, including food. This means that those individuals won’t get the same “high” feeling they would normally experience when eating. Obesity is also linked to brain hunger. Brain scans of obese individuals show changes in dopamine signaling pathways which can lead to less recognition of the feeling of being full even after a meal. While it is still unclear whether obesity or genetics is the primary contributor to brain hunger, one thing is certain: losing weight alone is not enough for those affected. Studies show that certain areas of the brain responsible for sensing fullness do not change even with weight loss, which could lead to continued hunger and weight regain. So, what came first: genetics or obesity that cause this brain signaling change? It is possible that if someone has a genetic tendency to be affected by this abnormal dopamine signaling, an environmental trigger can start a series of brain hunger which brings about overeating. It is also important to practice mindful eating and pay attention to hunger cues to begin perceiving the feeling of being full. Brain hunger can be an uncomfortable and frustrating condition, but it is possible to manage through a combination of treatments. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage summarizes the concept of “brain hunger”, caused by damaged dopamine signaling in the brain. It explores genetic (dopamine receptor D4 gene) and obesity-related factors, noting that weight loss alone is insufficient. It emphasizes the importance of mindful eating and hunger cues to sense satiety with a comprehensive combination of treatments for management. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述“脑饥饿”现象，即因大脑多巴胺信号受损导致身体难以感知饱腹感。其成因可能涉及遗传（多巴胺受体D4基因变异）与肥胖，但二者何为首要因素尚不清楚。减肥对改善脑饥饿效果有限，需综合治疗并注重饮食意识。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①You may be suffering from a condition known as “brain hunger.” This occurs when the dopamine signaling in your brain is damaged, making it difficult for your body to recognize when it has had enough food.  ②Genetics can play a role. Research has shown that the dopamine receptor D4 gene may be responsible for regulating cognitive functions related to eating behavior and body weight. ③While it is still unclear whether obesity or genetics is the primary contributor to brain hunger, one thing is certain: losing weight alone is not enough for those affected.  ④It is possible that if someone has a genetic tendency to be affected by this abnormal dopamine signaling, an environmental trigger can start a series of brain hunger which brings about overeating. It is also important to practice mindful eating and pay attention to hunger cues to begin perceiving the feeling of being full.  2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 The main focus of this article is the phenomenon of “brain hunger”, which occurs when the dopamine signaling in the brain is damaged, making it difficult for the body to perceive a sense of fullness. Its causes may involve genetics (mutations in the dopamine receptor D4 gene) and obesity, but it is unclear which of the two is the primary factor. Weight loss has limited effectiveness in improving brain hunger, and comprehensive treatment along with a focus on dietary awareness is required. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage summarizes the concept of “brain hunger”, caused by damaged dopamine signaling in the brain.运用过去分词作状语的结构，表达高级。 [高分句型2]：It explores genetic (dopamine receptor D4 gene) and obesity-related factors, noting that weight loss alone is insufficient.  运用现在分词作状语以及that引导宾语从句的结构，表达高级。 [高分句型3]：It emphasizes the importance of mindful eating and a combination of treatments for management.运用了名词的并列结构以及介词短语作状语的结构，表达高级。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 你能否得到这工作应该与你的年龄无关。（difference） 【答案】Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。make difference to表示“对……有影响”，根据句意可知本句使用宾语从句，用whether or not表示“是否”，故翻译为：Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 73. 每逢节假日，我们一家就会去郊外野营，为的是享受悠闲舒适的生活。（so that）(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Every time we are on holidays or festivals, our family will go camping in the countryside so that we can enjoy a relaxing and comfortable life. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。表示“每逢”用every time，引导时间状语从句，主语为we；表示“节假日”可用be on holidays or festivals；主句主语“我们一家”为our family；表示“去郊外野营”为go camping in the countryside；引导目的状语从句，表示“为的是”用so that，主语为we；表示“享受悠闲舒适的生活”可用enjoy a relaxing and comfortable life，且can后跟动词原形。此处主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。故翻译为Every time we are on holidays or festivals, our family will go camping in the countryside so that we can enjoy a relaxing and comfortable life. 74. 尽管我年纪尚小且性格内向，每当必须在访客面前背诵长篇课文时，我仍努力克服紧张，因为我知道这是培养勇气和自信的宝贵机会。（timid）(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although I was very young and timid, I always tried to overcome my nervousness when I had to recite long passages in front of visitors, for I knew it was a valuable opportunity to cultivate courage and self-confidence. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。“尽管”用“although”引导让步状语从句，根据语境描述过去的情况，所以从句用一般过去时，“小的”用young，“内向的”即timid，所以是Although I was very young and timid”。 “努力做某事”表达为try to do sth.，同样用一般过去时tried to；“克服”是overcome，“紧张”用名词nervousness，即tried to overcome my nervousness。“每当……时”用when引导时间状语从句，“必须做某事”表达为have to do sth.，用一般过去时had to，“背诵”是recite，“长篇课文”是“long passages”，所以是when I had to recite long passages，“在……面前”表达为in front of，“访客”是visitors。 “因为”用for引导原因状语从句，“知道”用一般过去时knew，“宝贵机会”是a valuable opportunity，“培养”是cultivate，“勇气和自信”是courage and self - confidence，“做某事的机会”常用表达为an opportunity to do sth”，所以是for I knew it was a valuable opportunity to cultivate courage and self - confidence。 故译为Although I was very young and timid, I always tried to overcome my nervousness when I had to recite long passages in front of visitors, for I knew it was a valuable opportunity to cultivate courage and self-confidence. 75. 当乔里斯（Joris）发现猎豹（cheetah）正面临灭绝的危险时，他并没有选择袖手旁观，而是发起了一项筹款活动，这既提高了人们的保护意识，也激励其他人投身于濒危动物的保护事业之中。（launch）(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Joris learned that cheetahs were in danger of extinction, he chose not to stand by but to launch a fundraising campaign that raised people’s awareness and inspired others to devote themselves to protecting endangered animals. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、名词、时间状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。叙述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时。表示“当乔里斯（Joris）发现猎豹（cheetah）正面临灭绝的危险时”应用When Joris learned that cheetahs were in danger of extinction，这里When引导时间状语从句，其中be in danger of extinction，表“面临灭绝的危险”，为固定搭配；that引导宾语从句。表示“（他）没有选择袖手旁观，而是……”应用he chose not to stand by but to，其中stand by表“袖手旁观” ，为固定搭配；表示“发起一项筹款活动”应用launch a fundraising campaign，与前面to构成不定式；表示“这既提高了人们的保护意识，也激励其他人投身于濒危动物的保护事业之中”应用that raised people’s awareness and inspired others to devote themselves to protecting endangered animals，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词campaign，其中raise people’s awareness表示“提高保护意识”，inspire sb. to devote oneself to...表示“激励某人投身于……”，均为固定搭配。故翻译为When Joris learned that cheetahs were in danger of extinction, he chose not to stand by but to launch a fundraising campaign that raised people’s awareness and inspired others to devote themselves to protecting endangered animals. VI. Guided Writing 76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 如今，很多学校将现代科技引入课堂，如使用平板电脑 (tablets)下载电子教材 (digital textbooks)，并借助各种应用程序辅助课堂教学活动。请以此为题写一篇英文作文，内容须包括： 1. 概述此现象以及同学们对其看法； 2. 谈谈你自己的态度和理由（可包括对合理使用平板电脑的建议）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Now tablets and apps are widely used in teaching. At first, students felt excited, but later their attitudes differ. Some welcome them for lightening the burden of books and papers, while others worry about addiction, poor eyesight and distraction in class. In my opinion, this is an unavoidable trend in education. Tablets greatly improve teaching and learning efficiency. Students can quickly find information, and teachers can share key points instantly. Virtual experiments are also safer and more time-saving. Of course, problems like distraction exist. We can solve them by setting proper limits on the devices. All in all, the advantages of using tablets in class are greater than the disadvantages. They will surely inspire students’ interest in learning and benefit our education. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就很多学校将现代科技引入课堂这一情况，说明使用现代科技的现象以及同学们对其看法；并谈谈自己的态度和理由（可包括对合理使用平板电脑的建议）。 【详解】1.词汇积累 趋势：trend→tendency 不可避免的：unavoidable→inevitable 解决：solve→address 总之：all in all→in short 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We can solve them by setting proper limits on the devices. 拓展句：If we set proper limits on the devices, we can solve them. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Some welcome them for lightening the burden of books and papers, while others worry about addiction, poor eyesight and distraction in class.（运用了并列连词while表示对比关系） 【高分句型2】We can solve them by setting proper limits on the devices.（运用了动名词作宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考 英语试卷 第I卷（共90分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To a bank. B. To a travel agency. C. To a drugstore. D. To Spain. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He forgot to submit his paper. B. He misremembered the deadline. C. He didn’t finish his paper on time. D. He couldn’t focus his mind on the paper. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She is a movie enthusiast. B. She prefers thrillers to romances. C. She doesn’t like thrillers. D. She is not in the mood for any movie. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she is not good at calculating. B. Because she hurried to finish the report. C. Because she is quite a careless person. D. Because she cited unconfirmed figures. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Lily forgot to deliver discs to the man. B. The man failed to renew the address. C. Lily planned to visit the new dormitory. D. The discs might have been mailed to the former place. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The woman doesn’t enjoy the leftovers. B. The man is an excellent cook in the army. C. The man has invited many people for lunch. D. The man intentionally prepared much food. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The man should be more diligent. B. Cramming is effective for an exam. C. Biology is indeed difficult to learn. D. The man shouldn’t have stayed up that late. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Arrange to apply for another room. B. Make a complaint about her roommate. C. Ask her roommate to move out of the room. D. Change rooms with someone in the housing office. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Helen’s hard work is rewarding. B. Helen is an accomplished job hunter. C. Helen always complains about her job. D. Helen is viewed as a model by the speakers. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Every student should value Chinese culture. B. Chinese students are humble and reserved. C. He is deeply impressed by Chinese culture. D. Chinese students lack the courage to share ideas. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. To relocate to safer grounds. B. To migrate with the seasons. C. To seek more hunting grounds. D. To gather more food for survival. 12. A. It once belonged to the North Sea. B. It was drowned by the meltwater. C. It was an island abundant in wildlife. D. It was unveiled by the modern fishermen. 13. A. Polar ice caps will continue to melt at a rapid rate. B. The sea floor witnessed the rise and fall of the Europe. C. Doggerland is the birthplace of English civilization. D. Coastal residents are vulnerable to the climate change. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Scientists in Britain are going to collect rocks on Mars. B. The discovery of Boron is a milestone in Mars exploration. C. Evidence indicates there exist plants and animals on Mars. D. The microscope is mainly used to identify different rocks. 15. A. Basic molecules for life. B. More essential chemicals. C. Holes caused by microbes. D. Ancient material from Mars. 16. A. The development of life on Mars. B. The search for signs of life on Mars. C. The importance of research on rocks. D. The discovery of surface water on Mars. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. To practise skateboarding. B. To encourage teenagers in trouble. C. To support a non-profit organization. D. To fulfil his dream of touring Europe. 18. A. They served as tour guides for Joe. B. They kept a record of Joe’s journey. C. They transported equipment for Joe. D. They took care of Joe’s accommodation. 19. A. He covered a rather long distance. B. He tried to follow his friends’ van. C. He fell down and broke the trainers. D. He climbed over the rugged mountains. 20. A. Prepare for another trip. B. Resign from his current job. C. Write a book about his journey. D. Renew a contract with the organization. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are touchscreens in cars dangerous? It might not have been the first to have a touchscreen but it was Tesla’s Model S, with its minimalist cabin built around a huge full-colour display, ____21____ set the trend. For years almost every new car sold ____22____ (come) with a high-tech, futuristic screen, which controls ____23____ from the air conditioning and satnav (卫星导航) to the music. Even safety features like automatic lane-keeping are sometimes screen-controlled. But are touchscreens safe? Drivers can learn the location of physical controls, and press buttons or twiddle dials ____24____ taking their eyes off the road (not least because a lot of the most useful ones are often on the steering wheel). A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, ____25____ (make) that much harder. And because a screen must do dozens of jobs, finding a particular setting often means tapping through several sub-menus. The result, say critics, is a dangerous distraction built into the car ____26____. Research backs that up. In 2022 Vi Bilagare, a Swedish motoring magazine, measured ____27____ it took drivers to do things like changing the temperature while driving at 110 kilometres per hour. It compared 11 cars with touchscreens to an older model with real buttons. In the old car, drivers were able to do all their tasks within ten seconds, during which time the car travelled around 300 metres. In the worst-performing modern car, the same tasks took 45 seconds, during which the car travelled 1.4km. Even in the best-performing models, testers still took several seconds longer than in the old car. Safety organisations are beginning to notice. From January, new rules from Euro NCAP, an organisation that provides safety ratings for cars sold in Europe, will mean no car ____28____ get a full five-star score ____29____ certain crucial functions—for instance, the windscreen wipers — are controlled by real switches. Euro NCAP’s safety guidelines have no legal force. But carmakers use its ratings as a selling-point. Carmakers that revert to buttons may reap other benefits, too. Many drivers dislike touchscreens for reasons _____30_____ safety, finding them fiddly (繁琐的) and annoying to use. Volkswagen and Porsche, among others, have begun restoring some buttons to their new models, citing drivers’ dislike of screens. But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens are falling out of favour, many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control—though that is a subject for another story. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. foundation B. functioning C. aging D. troubling E. association F. detailed G. underwent H. fairly I. cognitively J. occasions K. conditions Chronically sleepless? New study suggests it might cause your brain to age. Persistent sleeplessness may be far worse than a passing annoyance. A study published Wednesday in Neurology identifies a ____31____ link: Older people who have chronic insomnia appear more likely to experience accelerated ____32____ of the brain. These changes are revealed in both cognitive tests and imaging scans showing the altered structure of the brain. The research involved 2,750 ____33____ healthy adults with an average age of 70. The participants, who were tracked on average for 5.6 years, ____34____ annual testing of executive ____35____, visual-spatial reasoning and other dimensions of cognition. The data showed that 14 percent of those with chronic insomnia developed mild cognitive impairment (损伤) or dementia while 10 percent of those who did not have chronic insomnia did. Diego Z. Carvalho, a sleep medicine specialist at the Mayo Clinic and lead author of the study, said the work supports growing evidence that suboptimal sleep, as early as in midlife, may foreshadow neurodegeneration. He noted that the study shows only a(n) ____36____ and not causation. “It could also be that poor sleep early on can be an indicator of cognitive decline,” Carvalho said. “It’s very hard to untangle (理清).” Research on sleep and brain health has surged in the past decade, revealing important links between poor sleep and ____37____ such as dementia and Alzheimer’s. A landmark 2021 study published in JAMA Neurology found that sleeping more or less than the ideal range of seven to eight hours was connected to cognitive difficulties. Sleeping less than six hours or more than nine hours was also tied to other health issues, including higher body mass index and increased symptoms of depression. Karin G. Johnson, a sleep neurologist in Springfield, Massachusetts, said this type of ____38____ finding is ____39____ new for her field. Adequate rest is crucial, Johnson said, because the brain’s process of clearing out toxins is thought to follow circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and works best during sleep. She also advocates for policy changes, such as later school start times, to support better sleep habits. “It’s important to lay that _____40_____ of giving people enough time to sleep,” she said. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Pursuing a “Useless” Degree At university, when I told people I was studying for a history degree, the response was almost always the same: “You want to be a teacher?” No, a journalist. “Oh. But you’re not____41____communications?” In the days when a university education was a privilege, perhaps there wasn’t the____42____that a degree had to be a springboard directly into a career. Those days are long gone. Today, a degree is all but a(n)____43____for the job market, one that more than halves your chances of being unemployed. Still, that alone is no____44____of a job-and yet we’re paying more and more for one. Given those costs, most of us want to maximize that____45____—and that can lead to a plug-and-play type of approach to higher education. Want to be a journalist? Study journalism, we’re told. A lawyer? Pursue pre-law. Not totally sure? Go into STEM-you can become an engineer or an IT expert. And no matter what you do,____46____the humanities, such as history, philosophy and languages. It’s true that the humanities come with a higher risk of unemployment, but the risk is____47____than you would imagine. For young people in the U.S., the unemployment rate of those with humanities degrees is four percent, just a little more than that of engineering degree holders. Lower____48____may not be caused by the degree itself either. The gender pay gap____49____in the humanities, whose graduates are more likely to be female. Is it any____50____then that English teachers tend to make less than engineers? According to LinkedIn’s research on the most____51____job skills by employers for 2019, the ability to communicate and get along with people, to understand what’s on other people’s minds, and to do full-strength critical analysis were all valued and appreciated. It goes without saying that you can be a(n)____52____communicator and critical thinker without a humanities degree. And any good university education, not just one in English or psychology, should____53____these abilities further. But few courses of study are quite as____54____on reading, writing, speaking and critical thinking as the humanities— whether that’s by debating other students in a seminar(研讨会), writing a thesis paper or analyzing poetry. The whole question of whether a student should choose STEM versus the humanities might be misguided to begin with. The headlines most of us see don’t help. Whatever a student pursues in university, it must be something that they are not only good at, but(15)____55____. Even if it means pursuing a “useless” degree - like one in humanities. 41. A. believing B. involving C. majoring D. participating 42. A. assumption B. explanation C. judgment D. intention 43. A. alternative B. choice C. necessity D. tool 44. A. concern B. guarantee C. indication D. shortage 45. A. achievement B. investment C. punishment D. requirement 46. A. consider B. forget C. notice D. remember 47. A. bigger B. rarer C. severer D. slighter 48. A. salaries B. scores C. spending D. status 49. A. assists B. consists C. persists D. resists 50. A. benefit B. coincidence C. mystery D. wonder 51. A. built-in B. grown-up C. missed-out D. sought-after 52. A. amusing B. excellent C. nervous D. poor 53. A. fasten B. sharpen C. weaken D. worsen 54. A. difficult B. frequent C. heavy D. strange 55. A. cared about B. interested in C. looked after D. tired of Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) For the past few weeks, I’ve been taking my son to the playground. Or, rather, he’s been taking me, as it’s right inside his school and he’s taken to running into it with the pace of a greased pig, leaving me to roar after him. Speed, he likes to tell me, is one of his main superpowers. He has several now, with strength and willpower close behind. It’s his speed, however, which comes in most useful here, since he knows that once he’s through its gates, I will be powerless to remove him. There will be other parents present and the social conventions of parenting among strangers mean I will be too embarrassed to scream after him. I’d be annoyed if I didn’t find these trips so anthropologically (人类学地) thrilling, and if it didn’t also give his baby sister a chance to crawl around. The surface is soft and padded, made of an elastic substance. It is one of the few spaces on Earth in which you could not perceive of a baby finding injury, but this is balanced out by the fact that it is usually filled with children whose spatial awareness, and moral reluctance to stamping on babies’ heads, could both be termed areas for improvement. With one eye on her, I make sure to observe her brother. To watch him courting potential friends is thrilling, and painful. He asks people to be his friend. I don’t mean ‘in so many words’, I mean he approaches someone who looks fun and says ‘can we be friends?’. Others do the same to him in turn, and so creates the daisy chain of companionship which prevails in the four-year-old population. Most kids say ‘OK’ and run away, bringing about an impromptu (即兴的) game of tag that serves as the on-boarding for this newborn friendship. Other times I watch as would-be pals issue a stiff ‘no’ and return to whatever they were doing. At this, he moves on to the next person, unmoved. He is, in this sense, hardier than I, since I can barely watch such rejections without wanting to cry on his behalf. Watching, it’s hard to tell what adults have actually gained from masking our true wants and needs with decades of deep-rooted repression (抑制) and social performance. Would it not be better if we could all just approach anyone on the tube and ask to be their friend because they were wearing a cool hat? Unfortunately, moral cowards that we are, we do not pledge to be best friends. Instead, as we watch our children do it a dozen times in as many minutes, we silently envy their greatest superpower. 56. What has happened in the past few weeks? A. The son has cultivated superpowers including speed, strength and willpower. B. The son has been chasing a greased pig regardless of his father’s warning. C. Social conventions have embarrassed the author outside the school gate. D. The author and his children have been killing time on the playground. 57. It can be inferred from the author’s trip that ______. A. the facilities are secure while children may cause danger B. he is annoyed because his daughter cannot crawl on it C. there exists a subtle balance between reality and ideal D. he is too busy to keep an eye on both of his children 58. The author feels both thrilling and painful because ______. A. children who play the impromptu game of tag with his son may indicate rejections B. deep-rooted repression and social performance prevent kids from making friends C. his son makes friends in a simple and direct way but may be rejected occasionally D. it is hard for the four-year-old population to form the genuine companionship 59. Which of the following best summarizes the passage from the perspective of the author? A. The trip to the playground reveals my son’s superpowers – speed, strength and willpower. B. My son says his superpower is speed but I think it is his approach to making friends. C. The majority of adults are silently envious of their children’s greatest superpower. D. Straightforward praise is far better than masking our true wants and needs. (B) Before Heading to College, Make a Mental Health Checklist As fall approaches, new students will arrive on college campuses toting (携带) all kinds of things: luggage and school supplies, mini fridges and sports equipment. Experts suggest that parents and teenagers take proactive steps now to help plan for and preserve mental well-being during the big transition to college. Connect early with the counseling center Consider contacting the college’s counseling center before you arrive on campus. This is particularly important for those who already have an emotional disorder or other mental health concern. At SUNY Broome Community College in Binghamton, N.Y., the counseling center begins seeing registered students as early as Aug. 1, one month before classes begin. “A lot of times the students who come to us early, they have a lot that they need to unpack,” said Melissa Martin, a licensed social worker and chairwoman of counseling services at the school. Check to see if the counseling center provides off-campus referrals, and assemble a short list of potential providers to have in your back pocket ahead of arriving at school. This is a good practice for any student, as it may be necessary to seek outside support if the school’s counseling center develops a waiting list. Embrace other types of support There are many resources available to students besides the counseling center. Tutoring, peer advising, student activities and career services can all help support a student’s emotional well-being. Connecting with other students is especially important, the experts said. Spend some time looking at the school’s extracurricular activities and clubs. Consider having a roommate even if you have the option of living alone, Mrs. Martin said — it can broaden your social network and help buffer stressors. Practice basic wellness habits In the summer before college, teenagers should take stock of how they’re eating, sleeping and socializing, the experts said, especially given that they may have formed some unhealthy habits during the pandemic. If a student’s basic needs are neglected, it becomes more difficult to cultivate a healthier mental state. Learning how to support yourself and taking steps to become more independent can also make the college transition less jarring. Before arriving on campus, practice managing a budget; advocating for yourself with a teacher, doctor or coach; or spending time outside of your childhood home — perhaps with a relative, or at summer camp. 60. According to the passage, experts suggest the following ways EXCEPT ______ for students to be emotionally well. A. living alone on or off campus B. developing good personal habits C. taking part in after-school activities D. seeking advice at counseling centers 61. The underlined word “jarring” is closest in meaning to ______. A. boring B. amazing C. touching D. annoying 62. The passage is intended for ______. A. college students seeking job opportunities B. university students majoring in psychology C. students heading to college in the coming autumn D. would-be college students suffering mental disorder (C) You might forgive a casual visitor to Earth for thinking that the leaders here all wear beautiful clothes, have gleaming white teeth and wave continually while they walk down red carpets into luxurious buildings. Judging by the never-ending TV coverage of award ceremonies and the stacks of glossy magazines piled up by supermarket checkouts, it’s easy to see why this mistake might be made. Our fixation on celebrities has never been more evident. But according to psychologists, this obsession may be nothing new. Our fascination with the rich and famous goes way back, with people looking to kings and queens for examples of how to dress and behave. For instance, the popularity of the traditional white wedding dress can be traced back to the one worn by Queen Victoria at her wedding in 1840. Before this, brides traditionally wore dresses in all sorts of colours. Going back even further, our earliest ancestors lived in tribes, where leaders were watched carefully for clues on how best to survive. We still live in a society dominated by hierarchies and our modern-day obsession with celebrities could simply be an extension of a basic instinct to pay close attention to those at the top. What has changed, of course, is the rise of the media, and with it, easier access to these glamorous lifestyles — something celebrities are all too aware of. They know that by constantly appearing in online news feeds and reaching out to their fans, they can raise their profile and make sure they’re not forgotten. The growth of the media has also meant that there are now many more ways to become famous. Consequently, we’re no longer simply celebrity-watchers but, celebrities-in-waiting, waiting for our chance to shine on the world stage. Many of us believe that we’ll be famous one day and the idea of becoming the centre of attention is very real in many of our minds. But until then, we’re happy just watching. One theory suggests that with the decline in large families and close-knit communities, celebrities have, for some people, taken the place of these social groups. Just as we’d once been eager to find out what the neighbours were up to, we’re now keen to know everything about our new “family” members. But is there really anything wrong with caring about what our idol is doing? Well, like most addictions, you can suffer from it to varying degrees. Many agree that for most of us, our fascination with celebrities is nothing more than a harmless interest in people who lead very different lives. And what could possibly be wrong with that? 63. Why does the passage mention the origin of the white wedding dress? A. To illustrate the influence of leaders on fashion choices. B. To highlight the decline of traditional wedding ceremonies. C. To emphasize the role of media in influencing wedding trends. D. To demonstrate that white wedding dresses are no longer fashionable. 64. According to the passage, what is the primary reason people are fascinated by celebrities? A. Celebrities are inaccessible and mysterious. B. People are instinctively drawn to those at the top of hierarchies. C. Celebrities actually lead ordinary lives that are relatable to the general public. D. People are trying to replace their traditional social groups. 65. What does the passage imply about the role of celebrities in modern society? A. Celebrities have lost their appeal and relevance in contemporary society. B. Celebrities are primarily responsible for shaping modern societal values. C. Celebrities have taken on the role of traditional social groups for some. D. Celebrities play a minor role in modern society compared to historical figures. 66. Which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree with? A. Fascination with celebrities is mainly driven by modern media. B. Fascination with celebrities is a harmless and natural human instinct with historical roots. C. Fascination with celebrities is an unhealthy addiction that needs to be controlled. D. Fascination with celebrities is driven by the curiosity about other’s privacy. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Why gratitude is good for you Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift. ____67____ And this positive emotion can be good for our health — our emotional and physical health, as well as the health of our relationships. Let’s start by looking at the emotional or mental health benefits of expressing gratitude. There have been many studies, as described in a 2018 paper from the Greater Good Science Center titled “The Science of Gratitude” , showing that writing a gratitude letter to another person or writing in a gratitude journal, if done regularly, improves mental health. ___68___ But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, like in a journal, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life. And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive. And so, the more we express gratitude, the more positive we feel. ____69____ There are studies linking a gratitude practice to better sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced infection in people who have had heart problems. So gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives? The simple answer is “yes” . When shared — spoken or written — gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. ____70____ And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us. Maybe we should all stop counting sheep or counting calories and start counting our blessings instead? A. Gratitude can also make us feel good physically. B. Therefore, it’s easy to tell that gratitude is advantageous to us. C. It is the feeling of being grateful and wanting to express our thanks. D. It can help promote stronger relationships with family, friends or even colleagues. E. One reason for this, is that gratitude stops us from reflecting on negative emotions. F. It is a deeper appreciation for someone or something that makes us feel a positive emotion. 第II卷（50分） IV. Summary 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Brain Hunger Do you ever feel like no matter how much you eat, you are still not full? You may be suffering from a condition known as “brain hunger.” This occurs when the dopamine signaling in your brain is damaged, making it difficult for your body to recognize when it has had enough food. What are the underlying causes of brain hunger? Genetics can play a role. Research has shown that the dopamine receptor D4 gene may be responsible for regulating cognitive functions related to eating behavior and body weight. Some people have this gene variation that does not allow for a normal dopamine release in response to things that typically would bring joy and pleasure, including food. This means that those individuals won’t get the same “high” feeling they would normally experience when eating. Obesity is also linked to brain hunger. Brain scans of obese individuals show changes in dopamine signaling pathways which can lead to less recognition of the feeling of being full even after a meal. While it is still unclear whether obesity or genetics is the primary contributor to brain hunger, one thing is certain: losing weight alone is not enough for those affected. Studies show that certain areas of the brain responsible for sensing fullness do not change even with weight loss, which could lead to continued hunger and weight regain. So, what came first: genetics or obesity that cause this brain signaling change? It is possible that if someone has a genetic tendency to be affected by this abnormal dopamine signaling, an environmental trigger can start a series of brain hunger which brings about overeating. It is also important to practice mindful eating and pay attention to hunger cues to begin perceiving the feeling of being full. Brain hunger can be an uncomfortable and frustrating condition, but it is possible to manage through a combination of treatments. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 你能否得到这工作应该与你的年龄无关。（difference） 73. 每逢节假日，我们一家就会去郊外野营，为的是享受悠闲舒适的生活。（so that）(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 74. 尽管我年纪尚小且性格内向，每当必须在访客面前背诵长篇课文时，我仍努力克服紧张，因为我知道这是培养勇气和自信的宝贵机会。（timid）(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 75. 当乔里斯（Joris）发现猎豹（cheetah）正面临灭绝的危险时，他并没有选择袖手旁观，而是发起了一项筹款活动，这既提高了人们的保护意识，也激励其他人投身于濒危动物的保护事业之中。（launch）(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing 76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 如今，很多学校将现代科技引入课堂，如使用平板电脑 (tablets)下载电子教材 (digital textbooks)，并借助各种应用程序辅助课堂教学活动。请以此为题写一篇英文作文，内容须包括： 1. 概述此现象以及同学们对其看法； 2. 谈谈你自己的态度和理由（可包括对合理使用平板电脑的建议）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Listening comprehension section a directions in section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you've heard. One, i'm going to exchange some money for my trip to spain . tomorrow. Go with you, but I need to get some aspirin for my headache right now. Question, where will the woman most probably go first? Two, what's up? You look so upset? I should . have turned in my paper yesterday, but I totally slipped my . mind question, what's the man's problem? Three, which kind of movie do you like Better thriller or romance? Anything but a thillard . question, what does the woman mean? For can you believe that mary has made quite a lot of mistakes in calculation in her lab report? Well, SHE wouldn't have if he hadn't been in such a rush to . get that done. Question, why did mary make so many mistakes in her report? Five, my cousin lily said he had mailed me some desks, but they never came. You've just moved into a new dormant. Did you remind her to update the address question? What can we learn from the conversation? Six, wow, you've made enough food to feed an army, so we will have . plenty of leftover for tomorrow. Lunch question, what can be inferred from the conversation? Seven, i'm exhausted. I stayed up all nights studying for my biology final exam, but it's in vin. Well, there is no shortcut to learning, only constant effort works. Question, what does the woman mean? Eight, it's the third time this week my room made through a party in our room. I wonder if I should talk to someone at the housing office about changing rooms. IT seems that you've got a sound reason. Now question, what does the man imply the woman should do? Nine, did you hear Helen has got the modeling job? Wow, all that walking practice really paid off. And for once, SHE won't be complaining about being so tall. Question, what can we know about Helen? Ten, many chinese students are too shy to say anything in the classroom. Well, I think it's because their culture, values, modesty, and they don't want to appear to be showing off. Question, what does the man mean? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. The united kingdom is a group of islands off the coast of europe, but IT hasn't always been that way. Many thousands of years ago, the U. K. Was attached to europe by a stretch of land known as dogger land. And the evidence of the people who live there is regularly found roughly twelve thousand years ago as the last major ice age was ending. The area that is, now the north sea was very different. Instead of water, the area had hills, wetlands and valleys full of trees. Stone age people lived in dogger land. They were hunter gathering who moved with the seasons and lived by fishing, hunting and gathering food such as nuts and barriers. Over time, they were slowly flooded out of their hunting grounds. Water, which had been locked away in glaser, began to melt, drowning dogger land. Around six thousand years ago, people were forced into the higher ground in water. Today's england and the netherlands, the evidence of the ancient people's presence can be found on the sea floor, where modern Fishermen often find bones and tools that date back two, about nine thousand years ago. Those studying dogger land say the climate change faced by ancient people is similar to that we have now. They say that a similar situation could affect the billions of people who live within sixty kilometers of a sea shore today. If polar ice caps continue to melt, add a rapid pace. Now listen again, please. The united kingdom is a group of islands off the coast of europe, but IT hasn't always been that way. Many thousands of years ago, the U. K. Was attached to europe by a stretch of land known as dog land. And the evidence of the people who lived there is regularly found roughly twelve thousand years ago as the last major ice age was ending. The area that is, now the north sea was very different. Instead of water, the area had hills, wetlands and full of trees. Stone age people lived in dogger land. They were hunter gathers who moved with the seasons and lived by fishing, hunting and gathering food such as nuts and barriers. Over time, they were slowly flooded out of their hunting grounds. Water, which had been locked away in glaser, began to melt, drowning dogger land. Around six thousand years ago, people were forced in the higher ground in water. Today's england and the netherlands, the evidence of the ancient people's presence can be found on the sea floor, where modern Fishermen often find bones and tools that date back two, about nine thousand years ago. Those studying dogger land say the climate change faced by ancient people is similar to that we have now. They say that a similar situation could affect the billions of people who live within sixty kilometers of a sea shore today. If polar ice caps continue to melt, add a rapid pace. Questions eleven, why did stone age people leave dog land? Twelve, what can we learn about dog land? Thirteen, what can be inferred from the passage? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. IT is hard to imagine that plants or animals could ever exist on mars, but scientists continue to look for evidence. NASA, america's space agency, has found there was surface water on the mars. So since that discovery, they have been looking for chemicals that would be present if there once was, or still is, life on the planet. At a meeting in california, NASA scientists reported an important discovery on mars. They said for the first time that they had done very small amounts of barren. Barren is an important chemical that could help build RNA molecules. And RNA molecules are one of the basic building parts for life. The next spacecraft is planned to launch soon. IT will bring rocks from mars back to earth. Scientists in britain are getting ready for those mars rocks now. Before this, using a powerful microscope, they have already examined two hundred million year old volcanic rocks found deep in the pacific ocean. The microscope showed holes on the rocks caused by tiny living things called microbes. Microbes are the oldest form of life on earth. Next, the scientists in britain will examine rocks which contain ancient material from mars. The material comes from a time when mars would have been more likely to support life. The scientists hoped to get the same findings in the rocks from mars as the ones they saw in the ocean rocks. If they do, they predict that the rocks coming directly from mars will also show signs of life. Now listen again, please. IT is hard to imagine that plants or animals could ever exist on mars, but scientists continue to look for evidence. NASA, america's space agency, has found there was surface water on the mars, so since that discovery, they have been looking for chemicals that would be present if there once was, or still is life on the planet. At a meeting in california, NASA scientists reported an important discovery on mars. They said for the first time that they had done very small amounts of barren. Barren is an important chemical that could help build RNA molecules, and RNA molecules are one of the basic building parts for life. The next spacecraft is planned to launch soon. IT will bring rocks from mars back to earth. Scientists in britain are getting ready for those mars rocks now. Before this, using a powerful microscope, they have already examined two hundred million year old volcanic rocks found deep in the pacific ocean. The microscope showed holes on the rocks caused by tiny living things called microbes. Microbes are the oldest form of life on earth. Next, the scientists in britain will examine rocks which contain ancient material from mars. The material comes from a time when mars would have been more likely to support life. The scientists hoped to get the same findings in the rocks from mars as the ones they saw in the ocean rocks. If they do, they predict that the rocks coming directly from mars will also show signs of life questions. Fourteen, which of the following statements is true according to the passage? Fifteen, what do scientists hope to fine through examining the rocks from mars? Sixteen, what is the passage mainly about? Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Welcome, joe. You made an amazing journey traveling across europe on a skate board. What made you decide to do IT? Two years ago, I was fed up with my job, and I heard about board walk, a nonprofit organization that helps teenagers with difficulties. So I planned to raise money for board walk by skate boarding through france to spain, about three thousand kilometers. Did you get help from local businesses? definitely. The travel agent in my town provided boat tickets to our starting point on the north coast. france. great. Did you travel on your own? Two friends in their camp. Er van acted as a backup vehicle. They didn't actually follow me, but they Carry the tents and luggage between the overnight the stock finally enough, their van broke down a couple of times while I had no problems at all with my skate board, although I took several spare sets . of wheels. How many pairs of . shoes did you need? Five pairs. There was one pair of trainers that only lasted a day that was crossing the mountains into spain. The roads were really steep and stony, and I could see snow up on the mountain tops coming down was terrible because I had to use my foot as a break. By the end of the day, the new pair of trainers were ruined. And how do you feel now? It's all over fantastic because IT has been so successful for board walk. I'm going to be a member of them soon. I expected to feel depressed, but i've been busy sorting the material of my trip. IT is meaningful. That's great. Thanks for talking to us. joe. Now listening again. Please welcome, joe. You made an amazing journey traveling across europe on a skateboard. What made you decide to do? IT? Two years ago, I was fed up with my job, and I heard about board walk, a nonprofit organization that helps teenagers with difficulties. So I planned to raise money for board, walk by skype ing through france to spain, about three thousand kilometers. Did you get help from local businesses? definitely. The travel agent in my town provided boat tickets to our starting point on the north coast of friends. great. Did you travel on your own? Two friends in their camp, er van acted as a backup vehicle. They didn't actually follow me, but they Carried the tense and luggage between the overnight night stops. Funding enough there, then broke down a couple of times. Well, I had no problems at all with my skate board, although I took several spare . sets of wheels. How many pairs . of shoes did you need? Five pairs. There was one pair of trainers that only lasted a day that was crossing the mountains into spain. The roads were really steep and stony, and I could see snow up on the mountain tops coming down was terrible because I had to use my foot as a break. By the end of the day, the new pair of trainers were ruined. And how do you feel? Now it's all over. fantastic. Because IT has been so successful for board walk. I'm going to be a member of them soon. I expected to feel depressed, but i've been busy sorting the material of my trip. IT is meaningful. That's great. Thanks for talking to us. Show questions seventeen, why did joe start the journey on a skateboard? Eighteen, what did jose friends do along the journey? Nineteen, how did joe ruin a new pair of trainers within a day? Twenty, what might joe do after the interview?