Unit 1 Scientists A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（沪外版）

高中沪外版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪外版·选择性必修第二册Unit1 Scientists A部分 单元词汇总览 sed/sidn.种子；籽 available/'verlabl/adj.可获得忠诚的：全心全意的 plateau /pla'tau/n.高原 的：可购得的：可找到的 unfortunate /An'fo:tfanat/adj. owe/a/v.应把…归功于；欠pit /pit/n.果核口 幸的：倒霉的；令人遗憾的 (情) allergy/'elad3in.过敏反应口accident/aeksidont/n.(交通) biology /bar'plad3i/n.生物学 despite/dr'spat/prep.即使，尽事故；意外遭遇 biodiversity baraudar'v3:sati/n. iceberg/'aIsb3g/n.冰山口 生态多样性口 hardship/'ha:dp/n.艰难：困苦on top of sth短语除…之外 elevated/'elrvertId/adj.高的；升口 the tip of the iceberg短语（问题 高的：高出地面的口 countless/kauntlas/adj.无数的；的)冰山一角 plain /plem/n.平原 数不尽的口 position/p3'zn/n.位置；地方 devoted/d'vautid/adj.挚爱的： 易错词汇精讲 1.owe/v.应把…归功于；欠（情） ·易错点：易混淆两种核心含义，“归功于”时搭配owe.to,“欠（情/钱）”时直接接宾语：易 误写为owm(拥有)。 ·精讲：表示“归功于”时，结构为owe sth.tosb/sth.(把某事归功于某人/某物)：表示“欠” 时，后接债务、人情等，如owe money/a favor。 ·例句：She owes her success to hard work and good luck.(她的成功归功于努力和运气。) ·真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：We一a great deal to our parents for their support.(答案：owe) 2.despite/dr'spait/,prep.即使，尽管 ·易错点：易误作连词后接从句，需注意despite是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词，不可接句子： 易与in spite of混淆，despite无of。 ·精讲：despite+n.pron./doing=in spite of+n./pron./doing,而although/though是连词，后接从 句。 ·例句：Despite the rain,we still went hiking.(尽管下雨，我们还是去徒步了。) ·真题链接：the difficulty,he never gave up trying.(答案：Despite) 高中沪外版 寒假专版 3.available/'verlabl/adj.可获得的；可购得的：可找到的 ·易错点：易误用为表“有空的”时仅描述物，忽略其可描述人“有空的”；易误写为avaliable (字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：作“可获得的”时修饰物，如available resources(可用资源)：作“有空的”时修饰人， 如Are you available this weekend?(你周末有空吗？)。 ·例句：The tickets for the concert are available online.(音乐会门票可在线购买。) ·真题链接：Is there any_(可获得的)information about the accident?(答案：available) 4.position/p9'zn/n.位置：地方 ·易错点：易与location混淆，position强调“相对位置、职位”，location侧重“具体地点”；易 漏写中间的s,误写为postion。 ·精讲：表示“位置”时可指物理位置或抽象职位，如a good position in the company(公司里的 好职位)：location更强调“地理位置”，如the location of the hotel(酒店的位置)。 ·例句：Can you find the position of the city on the map?(你能在地图上找到这座城市的位置吗？) ·真题链接：What'sthe_(位置)of the new library?(答案：position) 5.plain /plem/n.平原adj.朴素的：明显的 ·易错点：易忽略其形容词含义，误仅作名词“平原”：易与plane(飞机)混淆拼写。 ·精讲：作名词时指“平原”，如the Great Plains(大平原)：作形容词时意为“朴素的、简单的”， 如plain clothes(便服)。 ·例句：The plain is covered with golden wheat in autumn.(秋天，平原上覆盖着金色的小麦。) ·真题链接：She prefers to wear_(朴素的)clothes rather than colorful ones.(答案：plain) 6.accident./'aeksidant/n.(交通)事故：意外遭遇 ·易错点：易与incident混淆，accident强调“意外事故”，incident侧重“小事件、事变”；易误 写为accidence(词形变化)。 ·精讲：固定搭配by accident(偶然地)=by chance:traffic accident(交通事故)。 ·例句：He had a car accident yesterday and hurt his leg.(他昨天出了车祸，伤了腿。) ·真题链接：He met his old friend_(偶然)in the street yesterday.(答案：by accident) 7.on top of sth短语除…之外 ·易错点：易漏写介词on,误写为top of sth:易与in addition to混淆，on top of更强调“叠加、 额外”，常含“更糟糕”的语气。 ·精讲：后接名词/代词，强调“除已有的之外，还有…”，如On top of the homework,I have to clean the room.(除了作业，我还得打扫房间。) 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·例句：On top of the heavy rain,the wind began to blow strongly.(除了大雨，风也开始猛烈地刮 起来。) ·真题链接： _the bad weather,.we lost our way in the mountain.(答案：On top of) 8.the tip of the iceberg短语（问题的）冰山一角 ·易错点：易漏写定冠词he,误写为tip of the iceberg:易误解为字面含义“冰山顶端”，忽略其 比喻义“问题的一小部分”。 ·精讲：用于表示“问题或情况中显露出来的一小部分，大部分隐藏未被发现”。 ·例句：The corruption case we know is just the tip of the iceberg.(我们所知的腐败案件只是冰山 一角。) ·真题链接：The environmental problems we see now are only there are more serious ones hidden.(答案：the tip of the iceberg） 9.devoted/d'vautId山adj.挚爱的；忠诚的：全心全意的 ·易错点：易与动词devote混淆，devoted是形容词，devote是动词，搭配为devote..to.;易漏 写词尾的d,误写为devote。. ·精讲：固定搭配be devoted to sb./sth.(致力于…；深爱…)，to为介词，后接名词/动名词。 ·例句：She is devoted to her family and work.（她全心投入家庭和工作。) ·真题链接：He has been_(忠诚的)to his country all his life.(答案：devoted) 10.countless/'kaontlas/adj.无数的：数不尽的 ·易错点：易误用于修饰不可数名词，countless后接可数名词复数；易与innumerable混淆，count- less更口语化。 ·精讲：强调数量多到无法计算，如countless stars(无数星星)：不可用于修饰water,information 等不可数名词。 ·例句：Countless people lost their homes in the earthquake.(无数人在地震中失去了家园。) ·真题链接：There are_(无数的)books in the library for us to read.(答案：countless). ll.elevated/'elrvertid/adj.高的：升高的：高出地面的 ·易错点：易与动词elevate(提升)混淆，elevated是形容词；易误写为elavated(字母顺序错 误)。 ·精讲：侧重“高于地面的、海拔高的”，如elevated road(高架路)也可指“情绪高昂的”，如 elevated mood(高昂的情绪)。 ·例句：The village is located on an elevated plain.(这个村庄坐落在一个高地上。) ·真题链接：：The_(高架的)railway makes travel more convenient..(答案：elevated) 12.biology /bar''Dl3d3i/n.生物学 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易误写为bioogy(漏写1)或biolgy(字母顺序错误)；易与biologist(生物学家)混 淆词性。 ·精讲：学科名词，不可数，如study biology(学习生物学)：派生词biologist(n.生物学家)， biological(adj.生物的)。 ·例句：She wants to study biology at university.(她想在大学里学生物学。) ·真题链接：（生物学）is the study of living things.(答案：Biology) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Weour success to the hard work of the whole team. 。A.0wm ●B.owe 。C.devote ·D.position 2.the heavy snow,the students still walked to school on time. ·A.Despite 。B.Although ·C.Though ●D.In spite 3.Is there anyseats for the evening show? ●A.avaliable ●B.available ●C.elevate ●D.plain 4.The company is looking for someone to fill the_of sales manager. 高中沪外版 寒假专版 ·A.location ●B.position ●C.location ●D.tip 5.She is to her family and always puts them first 。A.devote ●B.devoted 。C.devoting ●D.devotion 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The()of the museum is near the city center. 2.He has made_(无数的)attempts to solve the problem. 3.The_(高架的)bridge helps reduce traffic jams downtown. 4.She studies_(生物学)and dreams of becoming a scientist. 5.The problem we discussed is just the (冰山一角) 3.三、首字母填空 1.He met his old friend by a in the park yesterday. 2.On tof the homework,we have to prepare for the exam 3.The little girl prefers pclothes to colorful ones. 4.Countless stars are shining in the nsky. 5.The team's success o_much to their coach's guidance. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is(devote)to helping children in poor areas. 2.-(biology)is the study of living organisms and their interactions. 3.The-(elevated)road offers a faster route to the airport. 4.He has(countless)reasons to support his decision. 高中沪外版 寒假专版 5.The mistake was caused by his(care)spelling of"available". 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3.B4.B5B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.position 2.countless 3.elevated 4.biology 5.tip of the iceberg ·三、首字母填空 1.accident 2.top 3.plain 4.night 5.owes ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.devoted 2.Biology 3.elevated 4.countless 5.careless