Unit 4 Words 一-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 易错专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【单元专版】 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第三册Unit4 Words一 单元词汇总览 estimate/'estimert/w.估计：估价；hack /haek/v.非法侵入（他人的formation/f:men/m.组成：形 估算 计算机系统)：砍；劈 成 evolve/'olv/w.逐步发展：逐渐extend/ik'stend/v.扩大…的范horn /ho:n/n.(乐器)号 演变 围（或影响）：使伸长：扩大 interval/'ntavl/n.间隔；间隙 alternative/:l't3 natrv/n.可供选universally/junr'v3:sali/ad.全burst /b3st/n.突发；迸发 择的事物 体地：一致地；普遍地 idiot/'1 diat/n.傻瓜；笨蛋 superior /su:'piaria(r)/adj.cybercrime /'saibakram/n.Confucianism /kan'fju:fanizam/n. 的：较好的 犯罪 儒家学说 elegant/'eligant/adj.优美的：文 comic/'kpmik/adj.喜剧的 kindergarten /'kindaga:tn/n. 雅的：简练的：简洁的 combine /kam'ban/v.结合；组合儿园 易错词汇精讲 l.estimate/'estimeit/v.估计；估价；估算 ·易错点：易混淆动词发音/'estmmeit/与名词发音/'estimat/;易误用于被动语态，主动表被动含 义时无需加be。 ·精讲：作动词时强调“主动估算”，如estimate the cost:名词指“估算结果”，如a rough estimate。 ·例句：Scientists estimate that the project will take three months ·真题链接：：（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The value of the painting was at $50,000.(答案：estimated) 2.alternative/5:1't3 nativ/n.可供选择的事物 ·易错点：易误用作形容词后接可数名词单数，忽略“可数名词复数”要求；易漏写词尾-。 ·精讲：固定搭配an alternative to.(…的替代品)，后接名词/动名词：作形容词时意为“可 供替代的”，如alternative energy。 ·例句：We need to find an alternative to this expensive method. ·真题链接：If you don't like coffee,there are many (可供选择的事like tea or juice. (答案：alternatives) 3.superior/u:'piaria(r)/ad.上等的：较好的 高中沪教版 易错专版 ·易错点：易误用比较级more superior,本身已含“较优”含义，无比较级；固定搭配be superior to易误接than。 ·精讲：后接介词to表示“优于…”，反义词inferior(劣于)，同样接to。 ·例句：This material is superior to plastic in durability. ·真题链接：His performance in the exam was clearly superior his classmates..(答案： to) 4.elegant/eligant/adj.优美的；文雅的：简练的 ·易错点：易误写为elegeant(字母顺序错误)：易混淆“简练的”含义与“简单的”(simple)。 ·精讲：可形容人、服饰、语言等，“简练的”侧重表达精准，如elegant solution(简练的解决方 案)。 ·例句：She wore an elegant dress to the party. ·真题链接：The design of the new building is both modern and (文雅的) (答案： elegant) 5.hack /haek/v.非法侵入（他人的计算机系统）：砍；劈 ·易错点：易混淆“非法侵入”与“砍”的含义，忽略语境差异；易误写为hark。 ·精讲：作“非法侵入”时，常用hack into sth.;作“砍”时直接接宾语，如hack wood。 ·例句：The hacker tried to hack into the company's database ·真题链接：Someone (非法侵入)into our school'swebsite last night.(答案：hacked) 6.extend /ik'stend/v.扩大…的范围（或影响）：使伸长：扩大 ·易错点：易误与expand混淆，extend侧重“线性延伸”（如时间、道路），expand侧重“体积/范 围扩大”；易漏写词尾-d。 ·精讲：固定搭配extend sth.to.(将…扩展到…)，如extend the deadline to Friday。 ·例句：We need to extend the meeting by 10 minutes. ·真题链接：The company plans to (扩大)its business to Southeast Asia next year.(答 案：extend) 7.cybercrime/'saibakraim/m.网络犯罪 ·易错点：易拆分错误，误写为cyber crime(正确为合成词，连写)：易漏写中间的e。 ·精讲：由cyber(网络的)+crime(犯罪)构成，类似合成词cyber security(网络安全)。 ·例句：Cybercrime has become a serious problem in the digital age ·真题链接：The police are working hard to fight against」 (网络犯罪).（答案：cybercrime) 高中沪教版 易错专版 8.combine /kam'ban/y.结合；组合 ·易错点：易误与connect混淆，combine强调“融合为一体”，connect强调“连接关系”；固定 搭配combine A with B易误接to。 ·精讲：主动语态中常用combine..with.,被动语态用be combined with。 ·例句：We should combine theory with practice ·真题链接：The two companies decided to (结合)their resources to develop new tech- nology.(答案：combine) 9.formation/f:'men/m.组成：形成 ·易错点：易与动词fom混淆，忽略名词后缀-ation:易误写为formaiton(字母顺序错误)。 ·精讲：常用搭配the formation of..(…的形成)，如the formation of a new team。 ·例句：The formation of stars takes millions of years ·真题链接：The」 (形成)of the solar system is a complex process.(答案：formation) 10.Confucianism/k3n'fju:fanizam/m.儒家学说 ·易错点：易误写为Confucian(形容词，儒家的)，忽略名词后缀-ism:首字母必须大写。 ·精讲：指“儒家思想体系”，相关派生词Confucian(儒家学者/信徒)。 ·例句：Confucianism has a deep influence on Chinese culture. ·真题链接： (儒家学说)emphasizes the importance of family and social harmony.(答 案：Confucianism) 11.kindergarten/'kindaga:tn/n.幼儿园 ·易错点：易拆分错误，误写为kinder garden(正确为合成词，连写)：易漏写中间的t。 ·精讲：源自德语，意为“儿童花园”，复数形式直接加s。 ·例句：My little sister goes to kindergarten every morning. ·真题链接：Children usually start (幼儿园)at the age of three or four..(答案：kinder garten) 12.universally/junr'v3:sali/ad.全体地；一致地：普遍地 ·易错点：易误写为universal(形容词，普遍的)，忽略副词后缀-y:易漏写中间的s。 ·精讲：修饰形容词或动词，如universally accepted(被普遍接受的)。 ·例句：The principle is universally applicable to all industries. ·真题链接：Itis (普遍地)believed that honesty is the best policy..(答案：universally) 13.burst/b3:st/h.突发；迸发 高中沪教版 易错专版 ·易错点：易混淆动词过去式/过去分词形式，burst的三态同形(burst-burst-burst),易误写为 bursted:易与burst into(突然进入某种状态)和burst out(突然做某事)混淆搭配。 ·精讲：作名词时常用a burst of..(一阵…)，如a burst of laughter;作动词时burst into tears= burst out crying（突然大哭)。 ·例句：There was a burst of applause after the performance. ·真题链接：She (突发)into tears when she heard the bad news..(答案：burst) 14.interval/'nta/n.间隔；间隙 ·易错点：易漏写词尾的l:易与intervel(拼写错误)混淆；固定搭配at intervals(每隔一段时 间/距离)易误接of。 ·精讲：指“时间或空间的间隔”，如an interval of 10 minutes(l0分钟的间隔)。 ·例句：The bus departs at20-minute intervals. ·真题链接：We need to take a break at regular (间隔)during work.(答案：intervals). 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The value of the ancient vase was at over one million dollars by experts. ●A.estimate ●B.estimated ●C.estimating ●D.to estimate 2.This new material is superior traditional ones in both quality and durability. ●A.than 。B.for 。C.to ●D.with 3.If you can't attend the meeting in person,there's an option of joining online ●A.alternative 高中沪教版 易错专版 ·B.alternate ●C.alternatives ●D.alternately 4.The IT department reported that someone tried to into the company's database last night ●A.hack ●B.hark 。C.hit ●D.hunt 5.We need to the project deadline by two weeks to ensure quality work. ●A.expand ●B.extend ●C.explode ·D.export 6. emphasizes the importance of respect for elders and social harmony. ●A.Confucian ●B.Confucianism ●C.Confucius ●D.Confucians 7.The design of the new library is both modern and. with clean lines and classic details. 。A.elegeant 。B.elegant ●C.simple ●D.ordinary 高中沪教版 易错专版 8.Children usually start at the age of three in most countries. 。A.kinder garden 。B.kindergarden ●C.kindergarten ●D.kindergartan 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The police set up a special team to fight against (网络犯罪)in the city. 2.The (of a good habit takes time and consistent effort. 3.Her speech was praised for its (简练的)style and clear logic. 4.The two companies plan to (their resources to develop new technology. 5.It is (普遍地)acknowledged that education is the key to social progress, 3.三、首字母填空 1.The scientist e that the earthquake caused millions of dollars in damage 2.The bus departs every 20 minutes,so we need to wait for the next i_ 3.C has a profound influence on East Asian cultures such as China and Korea. 4.The team decided to c theory with practice to solve the technical problem. 5.After hearing the exciting news,the crowd burst into c 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (estimate)cost of the renovation project is around 50,000 yuan. 2.This solution is (universal)accepted as the most efficient one. 3.She was praised for her (elegant)in handling the difficult situation. 4.The (form)of the student union will be completed next month. 5.The company plans to (extension)its business to Europe next year. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3.A4.A5B6.B7.B8.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.cybercrime 2.formation 3.elegant 4.combine 5.universally 高中沪教版 易错专版 ·三、首字母填空 1.estimated 2.interval 3.Confucianism 4.combine 5.cheers ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.estimated 2.universally 3.elegance 4.formation 5.extend