Unit 4 The senses 二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第一册（沪教版）

高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册Unit4 The senses二 单元词汇总览 claim /klem/w.声称；断言；主injury/'nd3arin.(对身体的)elective/'lektrv/adj.选修的 张；n.声明：宣称 伤害，损伤 expand/k'spaend/y.增加 riddle/rd/h.无法解释的情况ankle/'eykh.踝；踝关节 encounter/m'kaonta()/W.遭遇； differ/dfar)w.有点：区别：不warning/w3n)/n.警告；警示遇到 同于 react/ri'ektw.作出反应：回应 *impairment /im'peamant/n. dessert/dr'z3t/n.甜点；甜食 panic/'paenik/v.惊慌失措：n.恐陷：障碍 combination/,kpmbr'nen/m.结慌 construct/kn'strAkt/W.修建；建 合体：混合体 bark /ba:k/~.(狗)吠叫 造 rescue/reskju:h.救援；营救；V.gr ateful/greitfl/,adj.感激的 facility/fa'slati/n.设施：设备 营救，解救 frequency/'fri:kwansi/n.发生率barrier/'bri(r)n.屏障：障碍物 bury/beri.覆盖：安葬 radiation/,reidi'eun/n.辐射 易错词汇精讲 1.dessert/d'z3t/n.甜点；甜食 ·易错点：易与desert/'dezat/(n.沙漠)混淆，两词词形相近但发音和含义完全不同。 ·精讲：dessert重音在第二音节/drz3:t/,指餐后甜点：desert重音在第一音节/dezat/,指沙漠。 ·例句：She ordered ice cream as dessert after dinner. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：We had chocolate cake for (甜点)last night.(答案：dessert) 2.differ/'dfr)/w.区别；不同于 ·易错点：易漏用介词from,误写为differ with sb.或differ sth,正确搭配为differ from。 ·精讲：固定搭配differ from.表示“与…不同”，相当于be different from:differ in.表示 “在…方面不同”。 ·例句：Chinese culture differs greatly from Western culture in many ways. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：Their opinions (不同于) ours on this matter.(答案：differ) 3.rescue/reskju:/n.救援：营救：V.营救，解救 ·易错点：作动词时易误接介词for,正确搭配为rescue sb.from sth.(从…中营救某人)。 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·精讲：rescue可作名词或动词，作动词时直接接宾语，后接from引出救援的对象或环境。 ·例句：The firefighters rescued three children from the burning building ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The soldiers tried their best to (营救)the villagers from the flood.(答案：rescue) 4.buy/"beri/v.覆盖：安葬 ·易错点：过去式和过去分词易误写为buryed,正确形式为buried(辅音字母+y结尾，变y为 i加-ed)。 ·精讲：buy的过去式/过去分词为buried,现在分词为burying:固定搭配bury oneself in sth.表 示“专心于某事”。 ·例句：He buried his face in his hands and cried. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The dog (埋葬)its bone in the garden this momning.(答案：buried) 5.react /ri'ekt/v.作出反应；回应 ·易错点：易混淆介词搭配，react to sth.(对…作出反应)与react with sth.(与…发生化学 反应)含义不同。 ·精讲：react to强调对事物的回应，如react to news;react with强调化学物质间的反应，如react with oxygen。 ·例句：How did she react to the good news? ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：People usually (反应)quickly to danger.(答案：react) 6.construct /kan'strAkt/W.修建；建造 ·易错点：易与名词construction /kan'strAk [n/混淆，词性和拼写差异易出错。 ·精讲：construct是动词，后接宾语表示“建造某物”；construction是名词，常用搭配under construction(在建造中)。 ·例句：They plan to construct a new bridge over the river ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The (建造)of the new school will be finished next year.(答案：construction) 7.facility/fa'silati/n.设施；设备 ·易错点：易误用作可数名词单数，实际常用复数形式facilities表示“各类设施”。 ·精讲：facility指“具体的设施”时，单复数均可：表示“综合性设施”时常用复数，如sports facilities(体育设施)。 ·例句：The hotel has excellent facilities for families with children. 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The park provides many public (设施)for visitors.(答案：facilities) 8.barrier/'baeri()/m.屏障：障碍物 ·易错点：易误写为barrior(多写r),正确拼写为barrier(双写r)。 ·精讲：barrier由bar(障碍)+-ier构成，指物理或抽象的“障碍”，如language barrier(语言 障碍)。 ·例句：Lack of confidence is a barrier to success. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The wall acts as a (屏障) against the strong wind.(答案：barrier) 9.claim /klemm/~.声称；断言；主张；n.声明：宣称 ·易错点：作动词时易误接that从句省略引导词，或误用于claim sb.to do sth.,正确用法为claim to do sth.或claim that从句。 ·精讲：claim表示“声称”时，后接不定式或hat从句：作名词时常用make a claim(提出主 张)。 ·例句：He claimed to have finished the work alone. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：She (声称)that she had never seen the man before.(答案：claimed) 10.grateful/'greitfl/adj.感激的 ·易错点：易误接介词for或to,正确搭配为be grateful to sb.for sth.(因某事感激某人)。 ·精讲：grateful后接to引出感谢的对象，for引出感谢的原因，不可直接接宾语。 ·例句：I am grateful to my parents for their support. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：We are (感激的)to you for your help.(答案：grateful) 11.expand/ik'spaend/v.增加；扩大 ·易错点：易与ex迎end/k'spend(v.花费；消耗)混淆，两词词形相近但含义不同。 ·精讲：expand表示“扩大、扩展”（面积、规模等），如expand business;expend表示“花费时 间/金钱”，如expend energy。 ·例句：The company plans to expand its market to Asia ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：Our school will (扩大)the library next year.(答案：expand) 12.encounter/m'kaunta()w.遭遇；遇到 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·易错点：易误用作不及物动词，需直接接宾语，不可说encounter with sb./sth.(正确形式为 encounter sb./sth.)。 ·精讲：encounter作动词时为及物动词，后直接接人或事物，表示“偶然遇到”；作名词时可用 have an encounter with ·例句：I encountered an old friend on the street yesterday. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：Sh (遇到）many difficulties during her trip.(答案：encountered) 13.warning/'won四/h.警告：警示 ·易错点：易混淆动词wam与名词warning,误写为warnning(多写n),正确拼写为warning (双写n)。 ·精讲：warning是wam的名词形式，由wam(动词)+-ing构成，注意wam的现在分词为 warning(双写n)。 ·例句：The sign on the wall is a warning to keep out. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The teacher gave us a (警 告)about being late for class.(答案：warning） 14.frequency/'fri:kwansi/n.发生率；频率 ·易错点：易与形容词frequent/'fri:kwant/混淆，词性和拼写差异易出错。 ·精讲：frequency是名词，指“频率、发生率”；frequent是形容词，意为“频繁的”，常用搭配 frequent visits。 ·例句：The frequency of earthquakes in this area is very low. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：What is the (频率)of your English classes?(答案：frequency) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.We had chocolate cake for after dinner last night. ●A.desert ·B.dessert ●C.deserts ●D.desserts 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 2.Chinese culture greatly from Western culture in many aspects. 。A.differs ●B.different ●C.difference ●D.differing 3.The firefighters managed to three children from the burning house. ●A.rescue ●B.rescue for ●C.save for 。D.help 4.The dog its bone in the garden and no one could find it. ●A.bury ●B.buryed ·C.buried ●D.burying 5.How did she to the exciting news yesterday? ·A.react with ●B.react to 。C.reply for ·D.respond with 6.The new bridge is still under and will open next year. ●A.construct ●B.constructing 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 ·C.construction ●D.constructs 7.The hotel provides excellent for families with young children. ●A.facility ·B.facilities ·C.equip 。D.equipments 8.Language is often a to communication between different countries. ●A.barrier ●B.barrior ●C.baie ●D.barriar 9.He that he had finished the project alone without any help. ·A.claimed 。B.claimed to 。C.said ●D.told 10.We are to our teachers for their guidance and support. ·A.grateful for ●B.grateful to ●C.thankful with 。D.thankful of 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Don't confuse”dessert'with” ”(沙漠)，their meanings are totally different.. 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 2.Their opinions (不同于)ours on the plan for the school trip. 3.The soldiers risked their lives to (营救)the villagers from the flood. 4.The old man was (安葬)in his hometown last week. 5.The chemical will (反应)with oxygen when heated. 6.The of the new hospital will cost over 10 million yuan. 7.The park has public (设施)like benches and drinking fountains. 8.Lack of confidence is a (屏障)to achieving your goals. 9.She (that she had never met the famous actor before. 10.I am (感激的)to my parents for their endless love. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The Sahara is the largest d in the world,covering most of North Africa. 2.The two sisters d from each other in both appearance and personality. 3.The rescue team tried their best to r the trapped miners 4.The cat b its toys under the sofa,so we couldn't find them. 5.Plantsr to light by growing towards it. 6.The new school's c will be completed by the end of this year. 7.The gym has modern f such as a swimming pool and a fitness center. 8.The Great Wall was built as a b to protect the country in ancient times. 9.The company c_ that their product can help people lose weight quickly. 10.I'm g for your help;otherwise,I couldn't have finished the task on time 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The workers spent three years (construct)the new railway 2.The hotel offers various (facility)for business travelers. 3.He (bury)his face in his hands when he heard the bad news. 4.The chemical in the bottle can (react)with water violently. 5.The (frequent)of earthquakes in this area has increased recently. 6.She (claim)to have seen the UFO last night,but no one believed her. 7.We should be (grateful)to our parents for their selfless love. 8.The company plans to (expand)its business to other cities next year. 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册 寒假专版 9.The teacher gave us a (warn)about the importance of safety. 10.They had an (encounter)with a wild animal while hiking in the forest. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3.A4.C5B6.C7.B8.A9.A10B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.desert 2.differ 3.rescue 4.buried 5.react 6.construction 7.facilities 8.barrier 9.claimed 10.grateful ·三、首字母填空 1.desert 2.differ 3.rescue 4.buried 5.react 6.construction 7.facilities 8.barrier 9.claimed 10.grateful ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.constructing 2.facilities 3.buried 4.react 5.frequency 6.claimed 7.grateful 8.expand9.warning 10.en- counter