Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 1-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲必修第二册（北师大版）

高中北师大版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·北师大版·必修2Unit5 Iumans and Nature Lesson1 单元词汇总览 whirlpool/'w3:lpul/n.旋涡 艺术 barrel/berl/n.桶 wave /weiv//n.海浪；波涛 mystery/mstri/n.神秘事物，难curious/'kjvaris/adj.好奇的 escape/i'skep/vi.&t.逃离：逃以理解的事物 observation/,Dbza'ven/n.观察； 避 soul /s9/n.灵魂 观察结果 survive/sa'vav/vi.&t.活下来： frightened/'fraitnd/adj.受惊的，equal/'i:kwal/adj.相等的；相同 幸存 害怕的 的 float/flaut/i.浮：漂 horrible/'hprabl/adj.可怕的，吓extent/k'stent/.n.面积：长度：范 file /farl/n.档案，卷宗 人的，令人恐惧的 围：程度 descent/dr'sent/n.下降，下落 edge//ed3/n.边缘 tube /tju:b/n.圆管，管子；（伦敦） tidal/'taId/adj.潮汐的，潮水的on the edge of在…边缘；某事地铁 poetry/pU3trin.诗歌：作诗的快要发生（尤指不好的事） 易错词汇精讲 1.escape /I'skep/vi.&t.逃离；逃避 ·易错点：易混淆主动语态与被动语态用法，误用作escape from sth.时的主被动差异：作“被 遗忘”时易误接被动结构。 ·精讲：(I)主动语态中，escape可直接接地点/抽象名词(escape prison越狱)，接from强调“从 具体范围中逃离”(escape from the burning house):(2)被动语态需用be escaped from(The tiger was escaped from the zoo.错误，应为The tiger escaped from the zoo.主动表被动含义)；(3)作 “被遗忘”时无被动(Her name escapes me.我记不起她的名字了)。 ·例句：He managed to escape from the enemy's prison. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：After the earthquake,many people tried to (逃离)the dangerous area.(答案：escape) 2.survive/a'vaIv/vi.&t.活下来：幸存 ·易错点：易误加介词，如survive in sth.(错误)；后接人时易误解为“比某人活得久”，忽略 “经历某事幸存”的用法。 ·精讲：(I)直接接宾语(survive the accident经历事故幸存)，无需加in/from;(2)survive sb.表 示“比某人活得久”(She survived her husband by 10 years.她比丈夫多活l0年)：(3)名词形式 为survival(生存)，易与revive(复活)混淆。 高中北师大版 寒假专版 ·例句：Only three people survived the plane crash. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：After the flood,.the villagers were trying their best to (话下来)with the help of the government..(答案：survive). 3.float/flaut/vi.浮；漂 ·易错点：易误用被动语态(The boat was floated on the river.错误)：易与flow(流动)混淆含 义。 ·精讲：(I)float为不及物动词，无被动语态，主动表“漂浮状态”(Wood floats on water..木头 浮在水上)：(2)区别于fow(河水流动)，1oat强调“悬浮于液体气体中”。 ·例句：Leaves floated down from the tree in autumn. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：When ice melts,.it (漂浮)on water because its density is lower than water.(答案：floats) 4.descent/d'sent/n.下降，下落 ·易错点：易误写为descend(动词，下降)；发音易与ascent/.A'sent/(上升)混淆。 ·精讲：(I)descent为名词，固定搭配make a descent(下降)：descend为动词(The plane descended slowly.飞机缓慢下降)；(2)注意拼写：descent含字母s,ascent含字母c。 ·例句：The mountain climbers made a safe descent from the top. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习)：The (下降)of the elevator was so fast that I felt dizzy.(答案：descent) 5.edge/ed3/n.边缘 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配on the edge of与at the edge of:易误写为age(年龄)。 ·精讲：(I)on the edge of强调“处于…边缘（抽象/具体）”，如on the edge of the cliff(悬崖边)、 on the edge of bankruptcy(濒临破产)：at the edge of侧重“在…边缘位置”(She stood at the edge of the crowd..她站在人群边缘)；(2)易与verge(边缘)混淆，on the verge of更强调“即将发 生”。 ·例句：The company is on the edge of closing down due to poor management, ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：The cat sat the edge of the table, watching the bird outside the window.(答案：on) 6.equal/i:kwal/adj.相等的：相同的 ·易错点：易混淆形容词与动词用法；固定搭配be equal to中to为介词，易误接动词原形。 ·精讲：(I)作形容词：be equal to sth.(与…相等)，to后接名词/动名词(She is equal to the task 她能胜任这项任务)：(2)作动词：equal sth.(等于)，如2+2 equals4:(3)名词形式为equality (平等)，易与equation(等式)混淆。 ·例句：His courage is equal to that of a lion 高中北师大版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：一Do you think she is to the job? Yes,she has rich experience.(答案：equal) 7.extent/k'stent/n.面积：长度；范围：程度 ·易错点：易误写为extend(动词，延伸)：固定搭配to some extent易漏写to。 ·精讲：(I)常用搭配to a great extent(在很大程度上)，to不可省略；(2)extent强调“范围/程 度”，extend强调“空间/时间延伸”(The road extends to the forest.路延伸到森林)。 ·例句：To some extent,.his success depends on his parents'support. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）： a certain extent,we can improve our skills by practicing every day.(答案：To) 8.tube/tju:b/n.圆管，管子；（伦敦）地铁 ·易错点：表示“地铁”时易与subway(美式)underground(英式)混淆；易误写为tub(盆)。 ·精讲：(I)tube为伦敦地铁的特有名称，首字母常大写(Take the Tube to Central London.乘地 铁去伦敦市中心)：(2)区别于subway(美国)、underground(英国通用)，tube更口语化。 ·例句：The water flows through a plastic tube into the tank ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：In London,people usually call the underground (地铁)for short.(答案：Tube) 9.curious/'kjw3ris/ad.好奇的 ·易错点：固定搭配be curious about易误接todo(be curious to do sth.表示“渴望做某事”，而 非“对…好奇”)。 ·精讲：(I)be curious about sth.(对…好奇)：(2)be curious to do sth.(渴望做某事，如She is curious to know the result..她渴望知道结果)：(3)名词形式curiosity(好奇心)，易误写为curiousity。 ·例句：Children are always curious about the world around them ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：The little boy was (好奇的)about how the machine worked..(答案：curious) 10.observation/,Dbz3'veIn/n.观察；观察结果 ·易错点：易漏写中间的v,误写为obseration;易与observe(动词，观察)混淆词性。 ·精讲：(I)固定搭配make an observation(进行观察)：(2)observe为动词，后接宾语从句时用 陈述语序(He observed that the stars moved.他观察到星星在移动)。 ·例句：The scientist's observations helped him discover the new species. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：After careful (观察)，the students found that the plant grew faster in sunlight..(答案：observation) 11.poetry/'pao3tri/n.诗歌：作诗的艺术 高中北师大版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易误用作可数名词(poetries错误)：易与poem(可数名词，具体诗作)混淆。 ·精讲：(I)poetry为不可数名词，指“诗歌总称”(He loves poetry.他热爱诗歌)：poem为可数 名词(a poem一首诗)：(2)区别于poet(诗人)入poetic(诗歌的)。 ·例句：She has a deep love for classical poetry. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）： (诗歌)is a form of literature that uses rhythm and imagery to express emotions.(答案：Poetry) 12.mystery/mIstri/n.神秘事物，难以理解的事物 ·易错点：易误写为myster(错误)：复数形式mysteries易漏写y变i加es。 ·精讲：(I)固定搭配solve a mystery(解开谜团)：(2)形容词形式为mysterious(神秘的)，易与 mystical(神秘主义的)混淆。 ·例句：The origin of the universe is still a mystery to scientists. ·真题链接： (北师大版高中必修2同步练习)：The old house is full of (神秘 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.After the fire,the firefighters found that no one could from the burning building. ·A.escape ●B.survive 。C.f1oat ●D.descend 2.The old man his wife by ten years and lived alone until 90. ·A.escaped ·B.survived ●c.floated ●D.descended 3.When the ice melts,it on the water naturally. ●A.is floated 高中北师大版 寒假专版 ·B.floats 。C.will be floating 。D.floated 4.The of the mountain took the climbers three hours,but the ascent only took two. ●A.descent ·B.descend ●C.ascent ●D.ascend 5.The company is the edge of bankruptcy because of poor sales this year. ●A.in ·B.at 。C.on 。D.by 6.Her courage is to that of a soldier,which surprised everyone around her. ●A.equal ·B.equally ·C.equation ·D.equality 7 a certain extent,his success is due to his parents'support and his own efforts. ●A.In ●B.On 。C.To ●D.At 8.In London,people often take to travel around the city center quickly. 高中北师大版 寒假专版 ·A.subway ●B.underground 。C.tube ·D.bus 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.After the earthquake,many people tried to (逃离)the danger'ous area immediately. 2.Only a few villagers (幸存)the flood with the help of the rescue team, 3.The leaves (on the lake,making it look like a green carpet. 4.The (of the temperature tonight will be below zero,so wear warm clothes. 5.The child stood (在…边缘)the street,.waiting for his mother to pick him up.. 6.She is not (胜任的)to this job because she has no related experience. 7.The scientists made important (观察)about the behavior of the new species.. 6: can help us express emotions that are hard to put into ordinary words 3.三、首字母填空 1.The prisoner tried to e from the jail last night,but failed 2.Fish can't s_ long out of water,so we should keep them in the tank 3.The boat f down the river slowly,carrying tourists to the next village. 4.The plane began its d ten minutes before landing at the airport. 5.The cat sat on the e of the window,watching birds fly by. 6.The two boxes are e in size,so they can be stacked together. 7.To some e his failure was caused by his own carelessness. 8.London's T is one of the oldest underground systems in the world. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He managed (escape)from the burning house with his little sister. 2.Only three passengers (survive)the car accident last week. 3.The balloon (float)up into the sky until it disappeared from sight. 4.The (observe)of the stars helped the ancient people make calendars. 高中北师大版 寒假专版 5.Her (curious)about the ocean led her to become a marine biologist. 6.The (mystery)disappearance of the painting has puzzled the police for months. 7.The (poetry)read his new work at the literary festival last night. 8.She has a good memory and can remember (poem)easily after reading them twice. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3B4.A5.C6.A7.C8.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.escape 2.survived 3.floated 4.descent 5.at 6.equal 7.observations 8.Poetry ·三、首字母填空 1.escape 2.survive 3.floated 4.descent 5.edge 6.equal 7.extent 8.Tube ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.to escape 2.survived 3.floated 4.observations 5.curiosity 6.mysterious 7.poet 8.poems