Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson3-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·北师大版·选修3Unit9 Human Biology Lesson3 单元词汇总览 epidemic/.epr'demk/n.传染病，classification/,klaesif'kefn/n.归lung/n.肺 流行病 类，分类，分级 steadily/'stedali/adv.稳定地 irus/'vairas/n.病毒 parallel/.'paralel/n.(不同地点或outbreak/'autbrerk/n.(战争或疾 variation/,veari'eIn/n.变化物，不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，病)爆发，突然发生 变体；差异，变动 相似：adj.平行的 trial/'trarl/n.试验；审判，审理 factor'faekt/n.因素，要素 depressing/di'pres/adj.令人沮actual/'aektfual/adj.实际的，真 bacteria /baek'tiaria/n.细菌 丧的，让人忧愁的 实的 officially/A'fli/adv.官方地，正sample/'samp/n.样本，样品；underline/,nds'lan/t.强调，使 式地 t.品尝，尝试：对…做抽样调突出：在…之下画线 classify/'klaesifar/vt.将…分查 thorough/'ra/adj.彻底的，全 类：把…归入一类 CE/si:'i:/公元（用于日期后） 面的，详尽的 rare /rea/adj.稀有的，罕见的，不estimate/'estimeit/t.&n.估计，systematic/,sIsta'maetik/adj.系 常发生的 估算 统化的，有条理的 baseline/'beislam/n.(医学或科visible/VIzabl/adj.看得见的 globe/glb/n.地球，世界：地 学中的)基线，准线 symptom/'simptam/n.症状：征球仪 opposed/'pauzd/adj.与某事物兆，症候 Writing Workshop 相反：反对某事物，不赞成某事buy/'beri/v.埋葬，安葬：埋藏paragraph/paeragra:fn.(文章 物 p0sep3z/t.造成，引起，产生的)段 widespread/'waIdspred/adj.分（问题、危险、困难等）：n.(为画 布广的，广泛流传的 像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态 易错词汇精讲 l.epidemic/.epr'denk/n.传染病，流行病 ·易错点：易与pandemic混淆，epidemic指在一定区域内流行，pandemic指全球大流行。 ·精讲：epidemic侧重“地方性流行”，如a flu epidemic(流感流行)：pandemic强调“跨国界、 全球性”。 ·例句：The country is facing an epidemic of measles this year. ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习)：The government took measures to control the of the disease in the city.(答案：epidemic) 2.bacteria /bak'traria/n.细菌 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易误用作单数，本身为复数形式，单数为bacterium。 ·精讲：bacteria是集体名词，谓语动词用复数；bacterium为单数，如a bacterium。 ·例句：Bacteria are present in most environments on Earth. ·真题链接：These (can cause food poisoning if the food is not stored properly. (答案：bacteria) 3.parallel/'paeralel/n.联系，相似；adj.平行的 ·易错点：易混淆词性，作形容词时易误用于“与…平行”的搭配，需加介词to/with。 ·精讲：作形容词时，固定搭配be parallel to/with sth.;作名词时，搭配draw a parallel between A andB(在A和B之间找出相似之处)。 .(1)The road runs parallel to the river.(2)There are some parallels between the two historical events. ·真题链接：The two lines are to each other,.so they will never meet.(答案：parallel) 4.symptom/'srmptam/n.症状；征兆 ·易错点：易与sign混淆，symptom特指疾病的“症状”，sign泛指“迹象、信号”。 ·精讲：symptom用于医学语境，如common symptoms of a cold(感冒的常见症状)；sign可指 任何迹象，如a sign of rain(下雨的迹象)。 ·例句：Fever and cough are common symptoms of the virus.. ·真题链接：If you have any of these (症状)，you should see a doctor immediately..(答 案：ymptoms). 5.estimate/'estumert/t.&n.估计，估算 ·易错点：易混淆动词和名词的发音，动词读/'estrmeit/,名词读/estmmat/:易误与evaluate(评 估)混淆。 ·精讲：作动词时，搭配estimate sth.at.(估计某物为…)；作名词时，常用an estimate of. （…的估计)。 ·例句：()They estimate the cost at 100,000yuan.(2)The estimate of the population is5 million. ·真题链接：Can you (估计)how long it will take to finish the project??(答案：estimate) 6.p0 se /pauz/t.造成，引起；n.姿势 ·易错点：作“造成”讲时，易漏用介词for,正确搭配为pose a threat/danger/problem for sb./sth.。 ·精讲：pose强调“带来潜在风险或问题”，如pose a threat to health（对健康构成威胁)；作名 词时指“姿势”，如strike a pose(摆姿势)。 ·例句：The new policy may pose difficulties for small businesses. 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：Pollution from factories a serious threat to the local environment..(答案： poses） 7.sample/'sa:mpl/n.样本；t.抽样调查 ·易错点：易混淆名词“样本”和动词“品尝、尝试”的含义，忽略“抽样调查”这一动词义。 ·精讲：作动词时，搭配sample sth.(品尝/抽样检查某物)，如sample the wine(品尝葡萄酒)； 作名词时，指“用于检验的样本”。 ·例句：The researchers sampled water from the river to test for pollution. ·真题链接：They took a (of soil from the field to analyze its composition. （答 案：sample) 8.classify/'klaesifa/t.将…分类 ·易错点：易误写为classfy(漏写i):易与categorize混淆，classify更强调“按系统或标准分 类”。 ·精讲：固定搭配classify..into.(把…分为…)，名词形式为classification。 ·例句：Books in the library are classified into different subjects. ·真题链接：The books in this section are (分类)by language.(答案：classified) 9.opposed/ap3Uzd/ad.反对的；相反的 ·易错点：易误用为动词oppose的过去式，忽略其形容词用法，固定搭配be opposed to(反对 …)中0是介词，后接名词/动名词。 ·精讲：be opposed to sth./doing sth.(反对某事/做某事)，如She is opposed to the new law ·例句：Many people are opposed to building a factory in this area ·真题链接：He is strongly opposed to (cut)down the trees in the park.(答案：cutting) 10.widespread/'waIdspred/adj.广泛流传的 ·易错点：易误写为wide-spread(错误拆分)，该词为合成词，需连写。 ·精讲：由wide(广泛的)+spread(传播)构成，无连字符或空格，如widespread concern(广 泛关注)。 ·例句：There is widespread support for the new policy. ·真题链接：The news of the accident caused (广泛的)panic in the city. （答案： widespread) 11.systematic/,sista'metk/adj.系统化的 ·易错点：易误写为systematical(多余后缀-al),正确形容词形式为systematic。 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ·精讲：由名词system（系统)+形容词后缀-atic构成，如a systematic approach(系统化的方 法)。 ·例句：We need a systematic way to solve this problem. 。 真题链接：The team carried out a (系统化的)study of the issue.(答案：systematic) 12.underline/,nd'lam/t.强调：在…下画线 ·易错点：易混淆动词含义，忽略“强调”义，仅理解为“画下划线”；易误写为under line(错 误拆分)。 ·精讲：作“强调”讲时，相当于emphasize,如underline the importance of..（强调…的重要 性)。 ·例句：The report underlines the need for better education, ·真题链接：The teacher asked us to (强调)the key points in the passage. （答案： underline) l3.actual/'ekt fual/adj.实际的，真实的 ·易错点：易与actually(副词，实际上)混淆，忽略词性差异；易误写为actural(拼写错误)。 ·精讲：actual修饰名词，如the actual cost(实际成本)：actually修饰句子，如Actually,I don't agree. ·例句：The actual number of participants was higher than expected. ·真题链接：What is the (实际的)size of the room?(答案：actual) 14.outbreak/'autbreik/n.(战争或疾病)爆发 ·易错点：易误写为out break(错误拆分)，该词为合成词，需连写：易与breakout(名词，越 狱)混淆。 ·精讲：由out(向外)+break(爆发)构成，指疾病、战争等的“突然发生”，如an outbreak of cholera（霍乱爆发)， ·例句：The government is working to control the outbreak of the disease ·真题链接：The recent (爆发)of flu has affected many students.(答案：outbreak) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The recent of COVID-19 in this region has led to strict health measures. ·A.epidemic 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ●B.pandemic ●C.outbreak ●D.sign 2.These are harmful and can cause serious infections if not treated. ●A.bacterium ●B.bacteria ●C.vius ·D.gem 3.The two roads run to each other and never intersect. ·A.parallel ·B.parallels ●C.paralleled ●D.paralleling 4.Common of the flu include fever,sore throat,and fatigue. 。A.signs ●B.symptoms ·C.symbols ·D.signals 5.The government took immediate action to control the of the disease in the city. ·A.epidemic ●B.pandemic ●C.breakout ·D.sample 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 6.Please the importance of wearing masks in public places. 。A.underline ●B.under line ·C.emphasis ●D.stress 7.The number of participants was much higher than we had expected. ●A.actual 。B.actually ●C.actural ●D.real 8.Polluted air a serious threat to people's health in this area. ●A.does ●B.nakes ●C.poses ●D.takes 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The team conducted a (系统化的)study on the spread of the disease. 2.We need to take a (样本)of water from the river for testing 3.The doctor asked about all my (症状)before making a diagnosis. 4.There was a sudden (爆发)of violence in the city center last night, 5.The report (the need for better healthcare facilities in rural areas. 6.Can you (估计)the cost of repairing the bridge? 3.三、首字母填空 1.The disease quickly became an e in the small village,affecting over 200 people. 2.The company will s products in the market to check customer satisfaction. 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 3.It's important to c books in the library by subject for easy access. 4.The new policy may p difficulties for small businesses in the area. 5.W support for the new law has been growing among the public. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Many people are opposed to (build)a factory near the river. 2.The (estimate)cost of the project is around 5 million yuan. 3.The teacher asked us to (underline)the key points in the passage. 4.Bacteria (be)present in almost all natural environments 5.The (system)collection of data helped the researchers draw accurate conclusions. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.A4.B5.A6.A7.A8.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.systematic 2.sample 3.symptoms 4.outbreak 5.underlines 6.estimate ·三、首字母填空 1.epidemic 2.sample 3.classify 4.pose 5.Widespread ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.building 2.estimate 3.underline 4.are 5.systematic