Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson1-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·北师大版·选修3Unit9:uman Biology Lesson1 单元词汇总览 clone/klaon/wt.克隆，使无性繁forever /fa'reva/adv.永远；长久crucial/'ku:l/adj.至关重要的， 殖：n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁地 关键性的 殖的个体 primate/'prammert/.h.灵长目动物bound /baond/adj.很有可能，肯 edit/'edrt/vi..&t.编辑，编校；ape /erp/n.猿 定会 剪辑，剪接 comparison/kaIm'paerIsn/h.比较 ethical/'eikl/adj.关于伦理的： gene/d3in/m.基因 reproductive/,ripr3'dAktIv//ad.合乎道德的 artificially/,atr'fali/adv.人为繁殖的，生殖的 mere /mIa/adj.仅仅，只不过；极 地，虚假地 wholly /heulli/adv.完全地 小的，极不重要的 barrier/baria/m.障碍，壁垒 clue /klu:h.线索，提示 inferior /m'freria/adj.低级别的， identical /ardentikl/adi. 完全相accurate/'aekjarat/,adj.准确的，下级的：差的，次的 同的，非常相似的 正确的 abuse'bju:z/vt.滥用，妄用：虐 twin /twin/n.双胞胎中的一个 treatment/'tri:tmant/h.诊疗，治待：A'bju:sn.滥用：虐待 mammal/'meml/m.哺乳动物 疗，疗法：对待方式 blessing/'blesm/n.福气，幸运 camel/'keml/n.骆驼 provoke /pra'vakw.激起，引起curse /k3s/n.祸因，祸根：诅咒， cattle/'kaetl/h.牛 emotion1'mnn.强烈的情感，咒语 goat/gat/h.山羊 激情 易错词汇精讲 1.clone /klaun/vt.克隆，使无性繁殖：n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体 ·易错点：易混淆动词和名词用法，作动词时直接接宾语，作名词时可指人或物，需注意主谓一 致。 ·精讲：作动词时表示“克隆（动植物）”，如clone a sheep;作名词时指“克隆体”，为可数名词， 如a human clone。 ·例句：Scientists successfully cloned the first mammal,Dolly the sheep ·真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：The (克隆)of pets has become a controversial topic.(答案：cloning) 2.edit/edt/wi.&t.编辑，编校：剪辑，剪接 ·易错点：易漏写过去式和过去分词的双写尾字母，误写为editted(正确为edited)。 ·精讲：以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，变过去式/分词时需双写尾字母，如edit一 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 edited→editing。 ·例句：She spent three hours editing the video for the school event.. ·真题链接：The journalist (编辑)the article carefully before it was published.(答案： edited) 3.gene/d3in/n.基因 ·易错点：易误写为复数形式genes时漏写e,或误与“染色体(chromosome)”混淆概念。 ·精讲：gene为可数名词，复数直接加s:基因是染色体上的遗传单位，如a cancer gene(致癌基 因)。 ·例句：Genes determine many characteristics of living things.. ·真题链接：The study found a (基因)linked to heart disease.(答案：gene) 4.barrier/baria/h.障碍，壁垒 ·易错点：易误写为barrior(多写r),或混淆固定搭配“突破障碍”用break through the barrier, 不用cross。 ·精讲：barrier强调抽象或具体的“阻碍”，如language barrier(语言障碍)；break through the barrier(突破障碍)为固定搭配。 ·例句：Lack of confidence is the biggest barrier to her success.. ·真题链接：We must work together to break through the (障碍)between the two teams.. (答案：barrier) 5.identical/ar'dentikl/adj.完全相同的，非常相似的 ·易错点：易与same混淆，identical后需加介词to,same后加as,搭配不可互换。 ·精讲：固定搭配be identical to sth.(与…完全相同)，如Her dress is identical to mine;same需 用the same as。 ·例句：The two phones are identical in appearance but different in price. ·真题链接：Her opinions are not (完全相同的)to mine on this issue..(答案：identical) 6.cattle/'ketl/.牛 ·易错点：易误认为单数名词，实际为集合名词，本身表复数，谓语动词用复数，无单数形式。 ·精讲：cattle指“牛群”，不可说a cattle,表达“一头牛”用a cow/bull:作主语时，谓语动词用 复数，如The cattle are grazing in the field. ·例句：These cattle are raised for both milk and meat ·真题链接：The (牛)on the farm are fed with fresh grass every morning.(答案：cattle) 7.ethical/'ekl/adj.关于伦理的：合乎道德的 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易与moral混淆，ethical更强调“伦理规范、职业准则”，moral侧重“个人道德”。 ·精讲：ethical常用于形容行为是否符合伦理标准，如ethical issues(伦理问题)：moral如moral values(道德价值观)。 ·例句：The company faced ethical criticism for using child labor. ·真题链接：Cloning humans raises serious (伦理的)questions..(答案：ethical) 8.abuse /3'bju:z小t.滥用，妄用；虐待：A'bju:s/n.滥用；虐待 ·易错点：易混淆动词和名词的发音（均为a'bju:z),或误用“滥用职权”的搭配，应为abuse one's power(不用mnisuse)。 ·精讲：作动词时直接接宾语，如abuse drugs(滥用药物)；作名词时为不可数，如child abuse (虐待儿童)。 ·例句：He was accused of abusing his position as a manager, ·真题链接：The report exposed the (滥用)of public funds by local officials.(答案：abuse)) 9.curse /k3:sh.祸因，祸根：诅咒，咒语 ·易错点：易与bless(祝福)混淆，curse作动词时过去式为cursed或curst(后者为古用法，现 多为cursed)。 ·精讲：作名词时常用搭配a curse on sb./sth.(对…的诅咒)：作动词如curse at sb.(咒骂某人)。 ·例句：Some people believe that war is a curse to humanity. ·真题链接：The old legend says the temple is under a (诅咒).（答案：crse) 10.inferior/m'fieria/adj.低级别的，下级的：差的，次的 ·易错点：易误用比较级，本身含“较差”含义，无需加more,固定搭配be inferior to(比… 差，不用than)。 ·精讲：反义词为superior（更优的)，如This cloth is inferior to that one in quality.. ·例句：He always feels inferior to his older brother. ·真题链接：The product was recalled because it was (劣质的)to the advertised standard, (答案：inferior) 11.crucial/'ku:/ad.至关重要的，关键性的 ·易错点：易与critical混淆，crucial强调“对结果起决定性作用”，critical侧重“危机或批评性 的”。 ·精讲：固定搭配be crucial to/for sth.(对…至关重要)，如crucial evidence(关键证据)。 ·例句：Early detection is crucial for the treatment of cancer. ·真题链接：Your support is (至关重要的)to the success of our project..(答案：crucia) 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 12.bound /baund/adj.很有可能，肯定会 ·易错点：易漏写固定搭配中的to,误写为bound do sth.(正确为be bound to do sth.)。 ·精讲：表示“注定、肯定会”，如She is bound to win the competition. ·例句：If you keep working hard,you are bound to achieve your goals. ·真题链接：According to the weather forecast,.itis (肯定会)to rain tomorrow.(答案： bound) 13.provoke /pra3'vaw.激起，引起 ·易错点：易误与cause混淆，provoke强调“故意激起强烈反应”，如provoke anger(激起愤怒)， cause侧重“导致结果”。 ·精讲：固定搭配provoke sb.into doing sth.(激怒某人做某事)，如He provoked her into arguing. ·例句：The politician's speech provoked widespread criticism. ·真题链接：His rude behavior (激起)a fight in the restaurant.(答案：provoked) 14.mere/mIa/adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 ·易错点：易误用于名词前作定语时位置错误，需置于冠词后，如a mere child(仅仅是个孩子， 不用mere a child)。 ·精讲：强调“数量少或程度轻”，如a mere 10 minutes(仅仅10分钟)：mere chance(纯粹的偶 然)。 ·例句：It took her a mere three days to finish the task ·真题链接：The (仅仅的 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The scientist spent years trying to a sheep,and finally succeeded with Dolly. ●A.clone 。B.cloning 。C.cloned 。D.clones 2.You must be careful not to the word"barrier"as"barrior"in your writing 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ·A.spell ·B.say ●C.read ·D.listen 3.Her new dress is to mine in color and style. ●A.same ●B.identical 。C.different 。D.similar 4.The on the farm are raised for their milk and meat. 。A.c0w 。B.bul ●C.cattle ·D.sheep 5.Cloning humans raises serious questions that need careful discussion. ●A.moral ●B.ethical 。C.personal ●D.social 6.It is unwise to your power by making decisions without consulting others ●A.misuse ●B.abuse ●C.use 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 ·D.reuse 7.This cloth is of poor quality and clearly to the one we saw yesterday. ·A.superior ·B.better 。C.inferior 。D.equal 8.Early detection is for the treatment of many diseases. ·A.crucial ●B.critical ●C.necessary ·D.important 9.If you keep practicing,you are to improve your English speaking skills. ●A.bound ●B.sure ●C.certain ·D.likely 10.The journalist the article three times before it was published in the newspaper. 。A.edit ●B.edits ·C.edited ·D.editted 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (of a living thing determine its physical characteristics. 2.Language is often a (to effective communication between different cultures. 高中选修3北师大版 寒假专版 3.Some people consider the Internet a (祸根)because it can lead to addiction. 4.The report exposed the (of authority by the company's senior management. 5.The two sisters look almost (完全相同的)，even their parents sometimes mix them up 6.The (伦理的)debate over animal testing has lasted for decades. 7.The old village is said to be under a (诅咒)that brings bad luck to visitors. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The doctor warned him not to a painkillers,as they could be harmful. 2.It is e wrong to cheat in exams,no matter what the reason is. 3.The team worked hard to b through the barrier of technical difficulties. 4.The c on the grassland were peacefully grazing in the afternoon sun. 5.You can i from his words that he is not satisfied with the current situation. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (clone)of pets has become a popular but controversial service in recent years. 2.She spent the whole morning (edit)the video for the school's anniversary event. 3.Genes are the basic units of heredity that are passed from parent to (offspring). 4.The company faced severe criticism for its (ethical)business practices 5.He was accused of (abuse)his position to gain personal benefits. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.A3B4.C5B6.B7.C8.A9.A10.C ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.gene 2.barrier 3.curse 4.abuse 5.identical 6.ethical 7.curse ·三、首字母填空 1.abuse 2.ethically 3.break 4.cattle 5.infer ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.cloning 2.editing 3.offspring 4.unethical 5.abusing