Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility二-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（译林版）

高中·译林版 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·译林版·选择性必修第四册Unit1 Honesty and responsibility 单元词汇总览 photographer/fa'tpgrafa(r)/h.摄顿，停顿的时间 integrity /m'tegrati/n.诚实正直： 影师，拍照者 sew/sa/Wi.&t.(sewed,sewm)完整，完好 guilty/'grlti/adj.感到内疚的，感缝，做针线活：缝上 organic:'genk/adj.有机的，统 到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的pretend /prI'tend/vi.&t.假装；一的：绿色的，不使用化肥的： ashamed /'fermd/adj.惭愧，羞装扮，扮作；自称，自认为 生物的 愧，尴尬 privilege/privalid3/n.荣幸；特 starfish/'sta:fi[/n.海星，星鱼 forgive/fgv/t.&vi.(forgave,.殊利益：t.给予特权，特别优待discouraged/dis'kId3 d/adj.灰 forgiven)原谅，宽恕：免除（债embrace/m'breis/,t.&vi.欣然心的 务) 接受：包含：拥抱 garbage/'ga:bId/h.垃圾，废话 cheat/tfi:tt.欺骗，蒙骗：vi.作phase /ferz/n.阶段，时期 saving/'servn/)n.节省物，节省； 弊，舞弊 anchor/'e)k(r)h.锚；给以安储蓄金 wa即ep/t.包裹；用…缠绕；全感的人（或物）：vi.&t.抛锚：bonus/'baun3s/n.意外收获；奖 n披肩，围巾：包装材料 使固定 金，红利 parcel /'pa:sh.包裹，小包；一mery/m3:sih.仁慈，宽恕：at weigh on sb/sth使焦虑不安，加 块地：t.裹好，打包 the mercy of sb/sth任…处置，对重…的思想负担 bow /ba/n.蝴蝶结；弓；bai.…无能为力 jade /d3erdn.玉，碧玉 鞠躬：低（头） likewise/'larkwarz//adv.同样地；sow/sa/t.&vi.(sowed,sowm) nephew/'nefju:;'nevju:.m.侄子，也，而且 播种，种 外甥 deadline/'dedlam/m.最后期限，harvest/'ha:vIst/n.收成，收获 disappointed/.disa'pomtid/adj.截止日期 量；收获季节，收割：vi.&t 失望的，沮丧的 guidance/'gardns/n.指导，导航收割，捕猎 wrinkle/'r四kl/n.皱纹：褶皱，皱fault/f:lth.过错，责任：缺点，rejoice/r'd3Is/wi.&t.非常高 痕：t.&vi.(使脸上)起皱纹，缺点 兴，深感欣喜 皱起 virtue/'v3tuh.美德；正直的quote/kwat/n.引言：t.&vi. pause /p3zvi.停顿，暂停；n.停品性；优点 引用，引述，举例说明 词汇核心考点精讲 1.guilty /'gilti/ ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：感到内疚的（情绪）、有罪的（法律/债任） ·必记搭配与例句：●feel guilty about(对…感到内疚)：She felt guilty about lying to her parents. 高中·译林版 寒假专版 ●be guilty of(犯有…罪)：He was found guilty of theft, ·重点派生词：●guit(名词)：suffer from guilt(受内疚折磨) 2.forgive /fa'grv/ ·核心考点：词性：及物/不及物动词(t.&vi.) 2个核心义：原谅（情感）、免除（债务） ·必记搭配与例句：●forgive sb.for sth.(因某事原谅某人)：I forgave her for missing the deadline. ·forgive and forget(既往不咎)：They decided to forgive and forget.. ·重点派生词：·forgiveness(名词)：ask for forgiveness(请求原谅) ●forgivable(形容词)：a forgivable mistake(可原谅的错误) 3.ashamed /a'fermd/ ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：惭愧的（因羞愧/尴尬产生的情绪）》 ·必记搭配与例句：●be ashamed of（为…感到羞愧)：He was ashamed of his rude behavior. ●feel ashamed to do sth.(做某事感到难为情)：She felt ashamed to ask for help. ·重点派生词：●shame(名词)：bring shame on the family(给家族蒙羞) ●shameful(形容词)：shameful conduct(可耻行为) 4.privilege /'privalid3/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.)/及物动词(t.) 2个核心义：荣幸（情感）、特权（特殊利益） ·必记搭配与例句：●It's a privilege to do sth.(做某事是荣幸)：It's a privilege to meet you. ●enjoy privileges(享有特权)：Some groups enjoy special privileges. ·重点派生词：●privileged(形容词)：a privileged background(特权背景) 5.embrace /im'brers/ ·核心考点：词性：及物/不及物动词(t.&vi.)/名词(n.) 3个核心义：拥抱（动作）、欣然接受（观点）、包含（范围） ·必记搭配与例句：·embrace change(接受变化)：We must embrace new technology. ·embrace sb.tightly(紧紧拥抱某人)：She embraced her son tightly. ·词义辨析：●embrace(情感+动作)vs hug(侧重动作)：He gave her a warm embrace..(含情感) 6.anchor /'aenka(r)/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.)/及物/不及物动词(t.&vi.) 3个核心义：锚（物品）、精神支柱（抽象）、固定（动作） 高中·译林版 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●anchor sth.in(把…基于)：Her faith anchored her in difficult times. ·news anchor（新闻主播)：She works as a TV news anchor. ·固定短语：·cast anchor(抛锚)：The ship cast anchor at dawn. 7.integrity /mn'tegrati/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：诚实正直（品性）、完整（状态） ·必记搭配与例句：·moral integrity(道德正直)：He is a man of moral integrity. ●territorial integrity(领土完整)：We must defend national territorial integrity. ·重点派生词：●integral(形容词)：an integral part(不可或缺的部分) 8.mercy /'m3:si/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：仁慈（情感）、宽恕（行为） ·必记搭配与例句：●show mercy to(对…表示仁慈)：The judge showedmercy to the young offender,. ●at the mercy of(任…摆布)：The boat was at the mercy of the storm. ·重点派生词：●nerciful(形容词)：a merciful decision(仁慈的决定) ·merciless(形容词)：a merciless enemy(无情的敌人) 9.phase /feiz/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：阶段（时间/过程） ·必记搭配与例句：·in phase(同步)：The two projects are now in phase ●phase out(逐步淘汰)：Old technology is being phased out, ·词义辨析：●phase(阶段性)vs stage(步骤性)：the final phase of the project(项目最后阶段) 10.weigh on ·核心考点：词性：动词短语(v.+prep.) 1个核心义：加重…负担（心理/情感） ·必记搭配与例句：·weigh on one's mind(使某人焦虑)：Financial problems weighed heavily on him ●weigh on sth.(对…有压力)：High taxes weigh on small businesses.. ·拓展短语：·weigh up(权衡)：Weigh up the pros and cons before deciding. 11.rejoice /rI'd3oIs/ 高中·译林版 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：及物/不及物动词(t.&vi.) 1个核心义：深感欣喜（强烈情感） ·必记搭配与例句：。rejoice at/in(因…高兴)：They rejoiced at the good news. ●rejoice to do sth.(做某事感到喜悦)：I rejoice to hear of your success. ·重点派生词：●rejoicing(名词)：great rejoicing(普天同庆) 12.discouraged /dis'kArid3d/ ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 1个核心义：灰心的（情绪状态） ·必记搭配与例句：●feel discouraged(感到气馁)：Don't feel discouraged by failures. ●be discouraged from(被劝阻做)：She was discouraged from giving up ·重点派生词：·discourage(动词)：discourage bad behavior(阻止不良行为) ●discouraging(形容词)：discouraging results(令人泄气的结果) 13.virtue /'v3:tfu:/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：美德（品性）、优点（事物） ·必记搭配与例句：●by virtue of(凭借)：She succeeded by virtue of hard work. ●have the virtue of(具有…优点)：This plan has the virtue of simplicity. ·重点派生词：●virtuous(形容词)：a virtuous life(高尚的生活) 14.fault/fo:It/ ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：过错（责任）、缺点（事物） ·必记搭配与例句：●find fault with(挑剔)：She's always finding fault with others. ●be one's fault(是某人的错)：It's my fault for being late. ·词义辨析：·fault(可原谅的失误)vs mistake(一般性错误)：It was his fault that we lost the game. 15.likewise /'laikwaIz/ ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv.) 2个核心义：同样地（方式）、也（递进） ·必记搭配与例句：●likewise+助动词倒装：He enjoys reading,.and likewise do I. ●act likewise(照做)：Please follow the rules and act likewise. ·词义辨析：●likewise(正式)vs too(口语)：She finished first,and I finished likewise.. 高中·译林版 寒假专版 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.She felt about not telling her parents the truth. ·A.guilty ●B.ashamed ·C.discouraged ●D.nerciful 2.The judge showed to the young prisoner and reduced his sentence. 。A.mercy ●B.virtue 。C.fault ·D.integrity 3.It is a to be invited to speak at this international conference. ·A.privilege ●B.phase ●C.anchor ●D.embrace 4.We must new technology to keep up with the times. ·A.rejoice ·B.embrace ·C.weigh 。D.discourage 5.His moral made him refuse the bribe without hesitation. ●A.integrity 高中·译林版 寒假专版 ·B.shame ●C.guilt 。D.nercy 6.Don'tbe by temporary setbacks;keep working hard. ●A.ashamed ·B.discouraged ·C.guilty ●D.nerciful 7.By of her excellent performance,she was promoted to manager. ●A.virtue ●B.fault ·C.privilege 。D.phase 8.The old man's faith him during the difficult years. ●A.anchored ·B.embraced ●C.weighed ·D.rejoiced 9.She was found of stealing and sentenced to three years in prison. ●A.guilty ●B.ashamed ·C.faulty 。D.nerciful 10.He enjoys playing football,and do his younger brothers. 高中·译林版 寒假专版 ·A.likewise ●B.instead ●C.othe1wise ●D.therefore 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.She asked for (原谅)after realizing her mistake.(forgive) 2.The team's」 (灰心的)expressions showed they had lost hope.(discourage)) 3.A person with strong moral (正直)will always tell the truth.(integrity) 4.It is (可耻的)to cheat in exams.(shame) 5.The company plans to (逐步淘汰)outdated equipment next year.(phase) 6.We should treat others with (仁慈)and respect..(merciful) 7.His (background gave him many advantages in life.(privilege) 8.The project is in its final (阶段)and will be completed soon..(phase) 3.三、首字母填空 1.He was a of his rude behavior at the party.(ashamed) 2.The ship c_ anchor near the coast to wait for the storm to pass.(cast) 3.Weighing up the pros and cons is an i part of decision-making.(integral) 4.The news a reported the event with great professionalism.(anchor) 5.Sher_ at the news that her son had been admitted to college.(rejoiced) 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4B5.A6.B7.A8.A9.A10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.forgiveness 2.discouraged 3.integrity 4.shameful 5.phase out 6.mercy 7.privileged 8.phase ·三、首字母填空 1.ashamed 2.cast 3.integral 4.anchor 5.rejoiced