2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高一英语第二学期开学考模拟练习卷

2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高一英语第二学期开学考模拟卷 一、阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day, we’ve selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration. Zhoukoudian, Beijing Zhoukoudian, a UNESCO heritage site located 50 km from downtown Beijing, has been a significant site. At various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago. Sanxingdui Ruins site, Sichuan province As one of the greatest archeological finds of the 20th century, the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be the remains of the Shu Kingdom, dating back at least 4,800 years and lasting over 2,000 years. The ruins are located in Guanghan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, covering 12 square kilometers. The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province The Yinxu Ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Anyang city, Henan province, was an ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC-11th century BC). Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文) discovered so far in the world. The Daming Palace, Shaanxi province Famous for its super-large scale and magnificent buildings, Daming Palace was the main royal palace in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) where Tang emperors lived and dealt with state affairs. Covering 3.2 square kilometers, it fully demonstrates the majestic style of grand architecture during the Tang empire. 1．Which site reflects the earliest human? A．Zhoukoudian. B．The Yinxu Ruins. C．The Daming Palace. D．Sanxingdui Ruins site. 2．What is the Yinxu Ruins known for? A．The grand architecture. B．Oracle bone inscriptions. C．Royal palace in the Tang Dynasty. D．The remains of the Shu Kingdom. 3．Where can the text probably be found? A．In a novel. B．In a biography. C．In a history book. D．In a guidebook. B My husband Dave and I are both very creative, but we are not very sports-minded. Since we’ve had quite a few medical problems, we’ve been advised to get more exercise. One day I had an idea. It seemed kind of silly at first, but I actually thought it might work so I told Dave about it. What if we paid ourselves to walk? My plan was this: we would each keep track of our walking time on the schedule, adding it up as “walking points.” Whenever we reached 120 points, we would get $10 to spend on or save up for whatever we wanted. In addition to the money, I figured there would be a little competition, which might add to our motivation. As our money is often set aside for bills and living costs, or catching up on credit card spending, we don’t often have anything extra to buy things that are not necessary. Dave liked the idea, so we started putting it into practice, and to my surprise, it should work! Dave soon began keeping up his 20 minutes a day. One of the first things Dave bought was a guitar. Another time he got Bluetooth headphones. As I write this, he has saved up $155 for some unknown item he hasn’t decided on yet. The plan worked for me as well. I became more willing to walk during my break time at work. The competitive side of the plan worked as well. We found ourselves telling others that we had to go out for walks so we could earn our walking points. “Dave is way ahead of me this week,” I would say. When I first thought of this idea, I also wondered how we could afford it. But as I told Dave at the time, if we kept walking, we might save on medical bills. Didn’t it make sense to stay healthier and not need a doctor? We had spent thousands of dollars on medical bills in the past. Why not spend it on ourselves to stay healthy? 4．What made the author and her husband decide to walk? A．A prize system. B．A fitness program. C．A medical suggestion. D．A step-tracking schedule. 5．What was unexpected for the author? A．She saved a lot of money. B．Her husband was supportive. C．Her idea was really effective. D．She did better than her husband. 6．What was the competitive side of the author and her husband’s plan? A．Trying to break as many unhealthy habits as possible. B．Competing with other people in sports events. C．Setting specific walking goals for each other. D．Challenging each other to walk more. 7．What is the best title for the text? A．It Pays to Keep Walking B．Money Cannot Buy Health C．A Dollar Saved is a Dollar Earned D．Daily Walking Keeps the Doctor Away C Language is not just a tool for communication; it’s also a playground for the mind. English, in particular, is famous for its rich vocabulary and influence from many different languages, which provides a great basis for creativity and humor. One example of this is the use of puns — the clever or humorous use of a word that has more than one meaning, or of words that have different meanings but sound the same. Puns can be sorted into different types. Homophonic puns rely on word pairs that sound alike but have different meanings, like “A bicycle can’t stand on its own because it’s two-tired.” Homographic puns use words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and sometimes different pronunciations, for example, “I can’t bear the weight of that bear.” Compound puns often combine homophonic and homographic elements, creating even more complex wordplay, for example, “I was struggling to figure out how lightning works, but then it struck me.” The history of puns in English literature and culture is rich and interesting. Following their development shows how language, culture, and humor have changed over time. Puns have been a part of English literature from the early days, appearing in medieval (中世纪的) texts and Shakespeare’s plays, often used for humor or to show double meanings. During the Victorian Era. strict social norms promoted the use of puns, as they allowed people to comment on issues cleverly while avoiding directness. Today, puns are widely used in advertising, television, and social media, reflecting how English wordplay adapts to different contexts and media. People’s opinions of puns have changed throughout history. Once seen as a sign of cleverness, puns were sometimes looked down on as low-level humor. However, in recent years, they’ve regained popularity, largely because of the Internet and social media, which allow for quick sharing and creativity in pun-based humor. 8．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Language is difficult to learn. B．Language develops over time. C．Language serves different social purposes. D．Language has a creative and playful nature. 9．Which of the following contains a homographic pun? A．You can call a bee from America a USB． B．Six is afraid of seven because seven ate nine. C．Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana. D．I only know 25 letters of the alphabet; I don’t know Y. 10．What was the major purpose of using puns in the Victorian Era? A．To break social rules. B．To express ideas indirectly. C．To spread different opinions. D．To make communication easier. 11．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The rise and fall of the popularity of puns. B．The new changes of language in recent years. C．The influence of social media on modern humor. D．The link between puns and social communication. D As globalization weaves the world into a closer-knit community, cross-cultural exchanges have become part of daily life — especially for international students and young professionals, many of whom encounter culture shock. Often described as the confusing “cultural jet lag” that comes with stepping into an unfamiliar world, it’s usually viewed with anxiety or even fear. But when approached with the right mindset, this seemingly tough experience can turn into a precious learning journey, nurturing personal growth and deepening our understanding of different cultures. The term “culture shock” was first put forward by anthropologist Kalervo Oberg in the 1960s, who mapped out its four typical stages: the initial “honeymoon phase” filled with excitement and curiosity, the challenging “frustration phase” marked by anxiety and loneliness, the gradual “adjustment phase” of finding one’s feet, and finally the “adaptation phase” of full acceptance. Many people get trapped in the frustration phase, seeing it as a sign that they can’t fit in. Little do they know, this is the very stage where true growth takes root — it pushes us out of our cozy comfort zones and makes us question the fixed cultural ideas we’ve always taken for granted. One of the greatest gifts of culture shock is that it sharpens our self-awareness. When surrounded by different customs — whether in how people communicate, go about their daily lives, or view the world — we’re forced to look at our own cultural habits from a new perspective. This reflection opens our minds to new possibilities, a skill that’s more important than ever in our interconnected world. What’s more, overcoming culture shock exercises our problem-solving muscles. Adapting to a new culture means decoding unfamiliar social rules, bridging language gaps, and managing emotional ups and downs — all of which train us to be more flexible and resourceful. In a world that celebrates cultural diversity, culture shock is no longer a threat to be avoided. Instead, it’s a gateway to growth and becoming a true global citizen. Those who embrace it, rather than shrink from it, will find themselves better able to thrive in our diverse and ever-changing world. 12．Which phase of culture shock is key to personal growth? A．The frustration phase. B．The honeymoon phase. C．The adjustment phase. D．The adaptation phase. 13．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Unfamiliar cultural norms may make people narrow-minded. B．Self-awareness is less important in a connected world. C．Cross-cultural experiences help people understand their own culture better. D．People from different cultures share the same social norms. 14．What is the author’s attitude towards culture shock? A．Negative. B．Neutral. C．Positive. D．Doubtful. 15．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Culture Shock: A Frustrating Experience for Expats B．Embrace Culture Shock, Embrace Personal Growth C．The Four Stages of Culture Shock You Should Know D．The Ways to Build a Support Network in a New Culture 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Teach Your Kids to Be Respectful and Kind to Animals When your family is preparing to welcome a new pet, it’s essential to establish clear guidelines to ensure the safety and well-being of both children and animals. Here are some practical ways to help children build empathy and learn to care for animals responsibly. One of the most effective methods is to lead by example. Children often follow in adults’ footsteps, so how you treat animals will leave a lasting impression. Show them the proper way to approach and interact with animals. 16 This teaches respect for the animal’s comfort zone. It’s also helpful to set clear and consistent rules. Children may not know exactly how to behave around animals. 17 Explain that animals are not toys — pulling their tails, climbing on them, or disturbing them while they eat or sleep is unacceptable. Such guidelines help prevent misunderstandings and potential harm. Another key lesson is showing understanding and respect. Just like people, animals have moods and personal space. Teach your child to recognize when an animal wants to be left alone — such as when it moves away, hides, or makes an unhappy sound. 18 This not only protects the child but also helps the animal feel respected. 19 . For example, if you find an insect indoors, you might calmly capture and release it outside instead of killing it. Use respectful language when referring to animals — avoid calling them “it,” and choose “he,” “she,” or “they” instead. What’s more, reading books that promote kindness toward animals is a simple but powerful tool. Remember that building a positive relationship between children and animals takes time and patience. 20 Through consistent modeling and gentle guidance, children can grow into compassionate (有同情心的) and respectful individuals. A．In this way, children will play with animals at will. B．Sympathy can also be developed through daily habits. C．Kids will develop a scientific way of looking at all living things. D．It is better to show them what to do instead of simply saying “don’t.” E．This knowledge is useful for interacting with both animals and people. F．Over time, these small lessons contribute to a lifelong respect for animals. G．When encountering a nervous animal, ask kids to observe quietly rather than chase it. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30) 第一节 完型填空(共15小题，每题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Being a parent is already a life-changing experience. However, this 40-year-old dad 21 a surprising change after a hike with his kids. Before Jeremiah Peterson looked like a supermodel, he weighed 290 pounds. He was only 22 to lose weight after he went on a 23 with his family in 2017 and became aware of how quickly he got 24 from the activity. “All I can 25 is one thing that kept playing in my head over and over again: I found myself running out of breath and having to take 26 before my 9-, 7- and 4-year-old kids,” Peterson wrote on social media. The dad from Missoula, Montana then 27 himself to get into shape. Therefore, he started by giving up drinking and 28 a balanced diet. Every day for five months straight, he would hike for two hours and 29 one more hour at the gym. After 150 days of a strict diet and lots of 30 , Peterson lost 92 pounds. Not only that, he can now run 31 up the hiking trail that once made him extremely tired. Peterson now uses his story and fitness knowledge to coach and 32 almost 100,000 social media followers — but he says that his kids are the real 33 for his success. “Finding your reason is 34 if you want to achieve success in life,” he wrote in a post. “If you don’t have a strong reason behind your 35 , you are less likely to get the results.” 21．A．experienced B．admired C．prevented D．improved 22．A．lucky B．honored C．careful D．determined 23．A．diet B．hike C．program D．project 24．A．free B．proud C．tired D．puzzled 25．A．change B．recognize C．prepare D．remember 26．A．breaks B．turns C．photos D．notes 27．A．attracted B．set C．advised D．wished 28．A．living up to B．insisting on C．getting across D．agreeing on 29．A．wait B．waste C．spend D．expect 30．A．equipment B．consideration C．attention D．exercise 31．A．non-stop B．suddenly C．aloud D．together 32．A．please B．compare C．force D．encourage 33．A．reason B．purpose C．hope D．need 34．A．simple B．necessary C．personal D．difficult 35．A．achievements B．imaginations C．actions D．conditions 第二节语篇填空：(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The moment my senior high school started, my heart 36 (fill) with a mix of nervousness and excitement. All the things around me were new — the classmates, the teachers, the classrooms, and even the sound of the morning bell. I knew I had to get used 37 this challenging yet promising chapter of my life gradually. My first class was English. The teacher, Miss Xia, greeted us with a warm smile and encouraged us to explore new ways of 38 (learn). She brought in a plan 39 included creative work and group talks. When she asked me to share my thoughts, I got butterflies in my stomach, but her encouragement gave me the confidence to speak up. During the break, I met some classmates. Though we were 40 (stranger) at first, their friendly attitudes made me feel welcome. We shared our hobbies 41 talked about what our dreams for the future were, and I knew that many of us wanted to do our best. In 42 afternoon, we had a tour of the school library and labs. The librarian showed us how 43 (borrow)and return books. By the end of the day, my initial (最初的) anxiety had turned into 44 (curious). This first day left a deep impression on me. It wasn’t just about new textbooks or schedules — it was the beginning of a journey to 45 (slow) discover my potential. 四、写作（共15分） 46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Allen计划春节期间出游, 特发来邮件让你推荐中国的一座城市。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1.推荐的城市；2. 推荐的理由。 注意: 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A B D C C D A D C B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A A C C B G D E B F 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A D B C D A B B C D 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A D A B C 1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了中国四个值得探索的考古遗址。 1．细节理解题。根据Zhoukoudian, Beijing中“At various parts of the site, scientists have unearthed the remains of early human “Peking Man” that date back more than 500,000 years, as well as of “Shandingdong Man”, who lived 30,000 years ago.(在遗址的各个地方，科学家们发掘出了50多万年前的早期人类“北京猿人”，以及生活在3万年前的“山东猿人”)”及其余遗址反映的时间可知，北京周口店遗址能反映出最早的人类信息。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据The Yinxu Ruins, Henan province中“Spreading across over 30 square kilometers, the site features the greatest number of oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文) discovered so far in the world.(该遗址占地30多平方公里，是迄今为止世界上发现数量最多的甲骨文遗址)”可知，殷墟遗址以甲骨文出名。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As April 18 marks the International Day for Monuments and Sites, also known as World Heritage Day, we’ve selected four archaeological (考古的) sites in China that deserve exploration.(4月18日是国际古迹和遗址日，也被称为世界遗产日，我们在中国选择了四个值得探索的考古遗址)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了四处考古遗址，可以在一本旅行指南中找到。故选D。 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫通过步行奖励计划改善健康的故事。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Since we’ve had quite a few medical problems, we’ve been advised to get more exercise.(由于我们都有不少健康问题，我们被建议多锻炼。)”可知，是医疗建议让作者和她的丈夫决定步行。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Dave liked the idea, so we started putting it into practice, and to my surprise, it should work!(戴夫喜欢这个主意，所以我们开始付诸实践，令我惊讶的是，它竟然奏效了！)”可知，令作者意外的是她的想法真的很有效。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The competitive side of the plan worked as well. We found ourselves telling others that we had to go out for walks so we could earn our walking points. “Dave is way ahead of me this week,” I would say.(这个计划的竞争性也起到了作用。我们发现自己在告诉别人我们必须出去散步，这样我们才能赚到步行积分。“这周戴夫远远超过了我，”我会说。)”可知，作者和她丈夫计划的竞争性在于互相挑战多走路。故选D。 7．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Since we’ve had quite a few medical problems, we’ve been advised to get more exercise.(由于我们都有不少健康问题，我们被建议多锻炼。)”以及最后一段中“But as I told Dave at the time, if we kept walking, we might save on medical bills.(但正如我当时告诉戴夫的，如果我们继续走下去，我们可能会节省医疗费用。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫因为健康问题被建议多锻炼，于是他们想出了一个步行奖励计划，这个计划不仅让他们更愿意步行，还节省了医疗费用，因此A项“It Pays to Keep Walking(坚持步行是值得的)”最能概括全文主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍双关语的定义、类型、历史发展及人们对它的态度变化。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Language is not just a tool for communication; it’s also a playground for the mind. English, in particular, is famous for its rich vocabulary and influence from many different languages, which provides a great basis for creativity and humor.语言不仅仅是交流的工具，它也是思维的乐园。英语尤其以其丰富的词汇量和受多种不同语言的影响而闻名，这为创造力和幽默感奠定了良好基础)”可知，语言具有创造性和趣味性。故选D项。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Homographic puns use words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and sometimes different pronunciations(同形双关语使用拼写相同但含义不同、有时发音不同的单词)”，“Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana.”中“flies”和“like”均为同形不同义，属于同形双关。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“During the Victorian Era, strict social norms promoted the use of puns, as they allowed people to comment on issues cleverly while avoiding directness.(在维多利亚时代，严格的社会规范推动了双关语的使用，因为它们能让人们巧妙地评论问题，同时避免直白表达。)”可知，维多利亚时代使用双关语是为了间接表达观点。故选B项。 11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“People’s opinions of puns have changed throughout history. Once seen as a sign of cleverness, puns were sometimes looked down on as low-level humor. However, in recent years, they’ve regained popularity(历史上人们对双关语的看法一直在变。双关语曾被视为聪明的象征，有时又被贬低为低级幽默。然而近年来，它们重新流行起来)”可知，本段主要讲双关语受欢迎程度的起伏变化。故选A项。 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是议论文。文章围绕“文化冲击”展开论述，提出“文化冲击可成为成长契机”的核心论点。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Little do they know, this is the very stage where true growth takes root — it pushes us out of our cozy comfort zones and makes us question the fixed cultural ideas we’ve always taken for granted.(他们未必明白，正是在这个阶段，真正的成长才得以生根发芽——它迫使我们走出舒适区，让我们开始质疑那些我们一直习以为常的固定文化观念)”可知，挫折期是个人成长的关键阶段，故选A。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段“When surrounded by different customs — whether in how people communicate, go about their daily lives, or view the world — we’re forced to look at our own cultural habits from a new perspective.(当身处各种不同的文化环境之中——无论是人们的交流方式、日常生活方式，还是看待世界的方式——我们就会被迫以全新的视角审视自己所固有的文化习惯)”可知，身处不同文化习俗中会迫使人们从新视角审视自己的文化习惯，由此可推断跨文化经历能帮助人们更好地理解本民族文化，故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据第一段“But when approached with the right mindset, this seemingly tough experience can turn into a precious learning journey, nurturing personal growth and deepening our understanding of different cultures.(但若以正确的心态去面对，这种看似艰难的经历便能转变为宝贵的学习之旅，促进个人成长，并加深我们对不同文化的理解)”以及最后一段“In a world that celebrates cultural diversity, culture shock is no longer a threat to be avoided. Instead, it’s a gateway to growth and becoming a true global citizen. Those who embrace it, rather than shrink from it, will find themselves better able to thrive in our diverse and ever-changing world.(在一个崇尚文化多样性的世界里，文化冲击不再是一种需要避免的威胁。相反，它成为了一扇通向成长和成为真正全球公民的门。那些勇于接受它而非逃避它的人，将会发现自己在我们这个多元且不断变化的世界中能够更好地生存和发展)”可知，作者对文化冲击是积极态度，故选C。 15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But when approached with the right mindset, this seemingly tough experience can turn into a precious learning journey, nurturing personal growth and deepening our understanding of different cultures.(但若以正确的心态去面对，这种看似艰难的经历便能转变为宝贵的学习之旅，促进个人成长，并加深我们对不同文化的理解)”结合全文围绕“文化冲击并非威胁，而是促进个人成长的契机”展开，B选项“拥抱文化冲击，成就个人成长”最符合文章标题，故选B。 16．G 17．D 18．E 19．B 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长如何通过以身作则、制定规则、尊重理解、培养日常习惯等方法，教育孩子尊重和善待动物，培养孩子的同情心与责任感。 16．根据前文“Show them the proper way to approach and interact with animals.(向他们展示接近动物和与动物互动的正确方式)”可知，空前强调要示范正确做法；结合空后“This teaches respect for the animal’s comfort zone.(这教会（孩子）要尊重动物的舒适区)”可知，空处需指明“this”指代的内容，选项G“When encountering a nervous animal, ask kids to observe quietly rather than chase it.(当遇到紧张的动物时，让孩子安静观察而不是追赶它)”具体说明了正确的做法，能够承接上文，衔接下文。故选G。 17．根据前文“Children may not know exactly how to behave around animals.(孩子可能不知道在动物身边该如何表现)”和后文 “Explain that animals are not toys (解释动物不是玩具)”可知，空前指出孩子不懂如何做，空后开始具体解释；选项D“It is better to show them what to do instead of simply saying “don’t.”(最好给他们示范该做什么，而不是只说“不要这么做”)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 18．根据前文“Teach your child to recognize when an animal wants to be left alone — such as when it moves away, hides, or makes an unhappy sound.(教你的孩子识别动物什么时候不想被打扰—— 比如当它躲开、躲藏或发出不舒服的声音时)”可知，空前讲的是教孩子识别动物的情绪和信号；选项E“This knowledge is useful for interacting with both animals and people.(这些知识对于与动物和人交往都很有用)”是对这种能力的总结与升华。故选E。 19．根据后文“For example, if you find an insect indoors, you might calmly capture and release it outside instead of killing it.(例如，如果你在室内发现一只昆虫，你可以平静地抓住它并把它放到外面，而不是杀死它)”可知，空后用日常小事举例说明如何培养爱心；选项B“Sympathy can also be developed through daily habits.(同情心也可以通过日常习惯来培养)”能够总领本段内容。故选B。 20．根据前文“Remember that building a positive relationship between children and animals takes time and patience.(记住，在孩子和动物之间建立积极的关系需要时间和耐心)”可知，空前强调这是一个长期过程；选项F“Over time, these small lessons contribute to a lifelong respect for animals.(随着时间的推移，这些小小的教育会造就对动物终身的尊重)”承接上文，强调长期坚持的结果。故选F。 21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一位父亲因一次徒步后体力不支，决心减肥并成功蜕变，还以此激励他人的经历。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位40岁的父亲在和孩子们徒步旅行后，经历了一个令人惊讶的变化。A. experienced经历；B. admired钦佩；C. prevented阻止；D. improved改善。根据后文“Before Jeremiah Peterson looked like a supermodel, he weighed 290 pounds”可知，彼得森从超级胖变成超模，由此可知，他经历了体型上的变化。故选A项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，他和家人一起徒步旅行后，意识到自己在这项活动中很快就会感到疲惫，于是下定决心减肥。A. lucky幸运的；B. honored荣幸的；C. careful小心的；D. determined下定决心的。根据后文“TThe dad from Missoula, Montana then ________ himself to get into shape.”可知，他下定决心要健身塑形。故选D项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，他和家人一起徒步旅行后，意识到自己在这项活动中很快就会感到疲惫，于是下定决心减肥。A. diet饮食；B. hike徒步旅行；C. program项目；D. project计划。根据前文“after a hike with his kids”可知，他是和家人进行了一次徒步旅行。故选B项。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，他和家人一起徒步旅行后，意识到自己在这项活动中很快就会感到疲惫，于是下定决心减肥。A. free自由的；B. proud自豪的；C. tired疲惫的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据后文“I found myself running out of breath”可知，他在徒步中会气喘吁吁，感到十分疲惫。故选C项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森在社交媒体上写道：“我唯一能记得的一件事就是，有一个念头在我脑海里反复浮现：我发现自己上气不接下气，比我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子还先需要休息。”A. change改变；B. recognize认出；C. prepare准备；D. remember记得。根据后文“one thing that kept playing in my head over and over again”可知，他记得当时脑海里反复出现的念头。故选D项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得森在社交媒体上写道：“我唯一能记得的一件事就是，有一个念头在我脑海里反复浮现：我发现自己上气不接下气，比我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子还先需要休息。”A. breaks休息；B. turns转弯；C. photos照片；D. notes笔记。根据前文“running out of breath”可知，他气喘吁吁，需要停下来休息，take breaks为固定搭配，意为“休息”。故选A项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，这位来自蒙大拿州米苏拉市的父亲下定决心要健身塑形。A. attracted吸引；B. set设定、决心；C. advised建议；D. wished希望。根据后文“Therefore, he started by giving up drinking and ________ a balanced diet.”可知，他开始采取行动健身，set oneself to do sth. 意为“下定决心做某事”，符合语境。故选B项。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒和坚持均衡饮食开始。A. living up to不辜负；B. insisting on坚持；C. getting across使理解；D. agreeing on达成一致。根据前文“get into shape”以及后文“a strict diet”可知，他为了塑形坚持均衡饮食。故选B项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：连续五个月，他每天都会徒步两小时，再花一小时在健身房锻炼。A. wait等待；B. waste浪费；C. spend花费；D. expect期待。根据后文“one more hour at the gym”可知，他每天会在健身房花费一小时锻炼，spend time at sp. 意为“在某地花费时间”，符合语境。故选C项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过150天的严格节食和大量运动，彼得森减掉了92磅。A. equipment设备；B. consideration考虑；C. attention注意力；D. exercise运动。根据前文“hike for two hours and spend one more hour at the gym”可知，他除了节食，还进行了大量的运动。故选D项。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，现在他可以一口气跑完那条曾经让他筋疲力尽的徒步小径。A. non-stop不间断地；B. suddenly突然地；C. aloud大声地；D. together一起。根据前文“Before Jeremiah Peterson looked like a supermodel, he weighed 290 pounds”可知，彼得森减肥成功，结合后文“that once made him extremely tired”可知，现在他体力变好，可以不间断地跑完徒步小径。故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森现在用自己的故事和健身知识来指导和激励社交媒体上近10万名粉丝，但他说，孩子们才是他成功的真正原因。A. please取悦；B. compare比较；C. force强迫；D. encourage激励。根据前文“uses his story and fitness knowledge to coach”可知，他用自己的经历来指导和激励他人。故选D项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得森现在用自己的故事和健身知识来指导和激励社交媒体上近10万名粉丝，但他说，孩子们才是他成功的真正原因。A. reason原因；B. purpose目的；C. hope希望；D. need需要。根据后文“Finding your reason is ________if you want to achieve success in life,”可知，此处指他成功的真正原因是孩子们。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在一篇帖子中写道：“如果你想在生活中取得成功，找到自己的动力是必不可少的。”A. simple简单的；B. necessary必要的；C. personal个人的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“If you don’t have a strong reason behind your _______ , you are less likely to get the results.”可知，有动力是取得成功的必要条件。故选B项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的行动背后没有强大的动力，你就不太可能得到想要的结果。A. achievements成就；B. imaginations想象；C. actions行动；D. conditions条件。根据前文“Therefore, he started by giving up drinking and _______ a balanced diet.”以及“hike for two hours and spend one more hour at the gym”等一系列减肥具体行动可知，此处指的是支撑这些行为的动力，actions符合语境。故选C项。 36．was filled 37．to 38．learning 39．that/which 40．strangers 41．and 42．the 43．to borrow 44．curiosity 45．slowly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回顾了自己进入高中第一天发生的事情。 36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：高中生活一开始，我的心里就充满了紧张和兴奋。根据时间状语The moment my senior high school started可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且主语my heart与fill之间是被动关系，be filled with为固定短语，意为“充满”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用was filled。故填was filled。 37．考查介词。句意：我知道我必须逐渐适应我人生中这个充满挑战但又充满希望的阶段。get used to为固定短语，意为“习惯于”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，所以此处用to。故填to。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：老师，夏老师，带着温暖的微笑迎接我们，并鼓励我们探索新的学习方法。空前为介词of，所以此处应用动名词形式作宾语，learn的动名词为learning。故填learning。 39．考查定语从句。句意：她提出了一个计划，其中包括创意作品和小组讨论。此处为定语从句，先行词是a plan，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that / which。 40．考查名词复数。句意：虽然一开始我们是陌生人，但他们友好的态度让我感到受欢迎。根据主语we可知，此处应用名词复数形式，stranger的复数为strangers，意为“陌生人”。故填strangers。 41．考查连词。句意：我们分享了我们的爱好，并谈论了我们对未来的梦想，我知道我们很多人都想尽自己最大的努力。“shared our hobbies”与“talked about what our dreams for the future were”是并列关系，都描述作者和同学们在课间做的事情，所以用and连接。故填and。 42．考查冠词。句意：下午，我们参观了学校图书馆和实验室。in the afternoon为固定短语，意为“在下午”，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：图书管理员向我们展示了如何借书和还书。“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构在句中可作宾语，此处how to borrow and return books作showed的宾语。故填to borrow。 44．考查名词。句意：一天结束时，我最初的焦虑变成了好奇。根据空前的介词into可知，此处应用名词形式，curious的名词为curiosity，意为“好奇”。故填curiosity。 45．考查副词。句意：这第一天给我留下了深刻的印象。这不仅仅是关于新课本或日程安排，这是一个慢慢发现我潜力的旅程的开始。此处修饰动词discover，应用副词形式，slow的副词为slowly，意为“慢慢地”。故填slowly。 46．例文 Dear Allen, I’m thrilled to hear about your plans to travel during the Spring Festival. I highly recommend visiting Xi’an, an ancient city in China that is rich in history and culture. Xi’an is the starting point of the Silk Road and home to the famous Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Additionally, Xi’an is known for its delicious local cuisine, such as the famous Xi’an noodles and the variety of street food. The Spring Festival in Xi’an is a time of vibrant celebrations with colorful lanterns and traditional performances, making it an unforgettable experience. I believe you’ll find the blend of ancient history and modern vibrancy in Xi’an truly captivating. I hope you enjoy your trip!                                            Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国朋友Allen回邮件，为其春节期间出游推荐一座中国城市，并说明推荐理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 充满的：rich in→abundant in 著名的：famous→well-known 热闹的：vibrant→lively 迷人的：captivating→fascinating 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Xi’an is the starting point of the Silk Road and home to the famous Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. 拓展句：Xi’an, which is the starting point of the Silk Road, is home to the famous Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I highly recommend visiting Xi’an, an ancient city in China that is rich in history and culture.（运用了that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Xi’an） 【高分句型2】The Spring Festival in Xi’an is a time of vibrant celebrations with colorful lanterns and traditional performances, making it an unforgettable experience.（运用了现在分词短语作结果状语） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $