Unit 3 War and peace一-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（外研版）

高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 词汇核心考点精讲 【单元专版】 高中·外研·选择性必修第三册Unit3 Var and peace 单元词汇总览 harsh /ha:fadj.恶劣的，艰苦的，timepiece/'tammpi:s/n.计时器：flap /flaep/v.振（翼），扑动（翅 严峻的 钟；表 膀) prosperous'PIDSP(3)rs/adj.富envoy/'envo/n.使者，使节 spin /spm/v.将（棉花、羊毛等） 裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的intricate/mtrrkot/adj.错综复杂纺成（线），纺（线） courtyard/ko:tja:d/n.庭院，院的 exaggeration /ig.zaed33'reif()n/ 子 maximum/maeksimam/n.最大n.夸大，夸张 precious/'pres/adj.珍稀的；贵量，最大值 metaphor/'metafa(r)/n.隐喻，暗 重的 painstaking/'pemzterk/adj.小喻 antique/aen'tikn.古董，古玩，心的；费尽心思的；精心的nonetheless/nnda'les/adv.然 古物 workshop/w3kDp/n.车间，工而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此 restoration/rest'reI∫(a)n/n.(建场 artisan/,atr'zen/n.工匠，手艺 筑或家具等的)修复，整修 melody/'meladi/n.歌曲；曲调人 crimson/"krmz(e)n/adj.深红色polish/'pDlif/v.擦亮，磨光 preserve /pri'z3v/.维护，保护： 的 gigantic/d3ar'gaentik/adj.巨大保存 workplace/'w3 kplers/n.工作场 的，庞大的 所 bark /ba:k/v.(狗)吠叫 词汇核心考点精讲 1.harsh /ha:/adj.恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：恶劣的（环境）、严厉的（批评/惩罚）、刺耳的（声音) ·必记搭配与例句：●harsh conditions(恶劣条件)：They survived in harsh desert conditions. ●harsh criticism(严厉批评)：Her work received harsh criticism from the judges. ●harsh voice(刺耳的声音)：The harsh voice woke me up suddenly. ·重点派生词：●harshly(副词)：speak harshly(严厉地说话) ●harshness（名词)：the harshness of winter（冬天的严酷) 2.prosperous/prDSp(3)rs/adj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：富裕的（国家/家庭）、繁荣的（经济/事业） 高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●prosperous country(富裕国家)：China has become a prosperous country: ●prosperous business(繁荣的生意)：His company is becoming more prosperous. ·重点派生词：·prosper(动词)：prosper through hard work(通过努力工作成功) ●prosperity（名词)：economic prosperity(经济繁荣) 3.intricate/'ntrikat/adj.错综复杂的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：错综复杂的（结构/设计） ·必记搭配与例句：●intricate design(复杂的设计)：The watch has an intricate design on the dial. ●intricate relationship(复杂关系)：The novel describes the intricate relationships between characters. ·重点派生词：●intricately(副词)：intricately carved(雕刻精细地) 4.painstaking/'pemnzterk)/adj.小心的：费尽心思的；精心的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：精心的：费尽心思的（工作/努力） ·必记搭配与例句：·painstaking work(精心的工作)：The restoration of the antique required painstaking work. ●painstaking effort(煞费苦心的努力)：She made painstaking efforts to learn English. ·重点派生词：·painstakingly（副词)：work painstakingly(精心地工作) 5.preserve /prI'Z3v/v.维护，保护；保存 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：保护（文化/传统）、保存（食物/资源） ·必记搭配与例句：●preserve cultural heritage(保护文化遗产)：We must preserve our traditional culture. ●preserve food(保存食物)：Salt is used to preserve meat,. ·重点派生词：●preservation(名词)：the preservation of ancient buildings(古建筑的保护) ·preservative(名词)：food preservative(食品防腐剂) 6.exagger ation/1g,zed33rej(3)n/n.夸大，夸张 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：夸大，夸张（说法/描述） ·必记搭配与例句：●an exaggeration（夸张说法)：His story is an exaggeration of the truth, ●without exaggeration(毫不夸张地)：Without exaggeration,this is the best bookI've read ·重点派生词：·exaggerate(动词)：exaggerate the problem(夸大问题) ·exaggerated(形容词)：exaggerated claims(夸大的声称) 高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 7.metaphor/metafa(r)/n.隐喻，暗喻 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 核心义：隐喻，暗喻（修辞） ·必记搭配与例句：●use a metaphor(使用隐喻)：The poet uses a metaphor to describe love. ●metaphor for sth.（某物的隐喻)：The journey is a metaphor for life 8.nonetheless/,nanoa'les/adv.然而，但是；尽管如此 ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：然而，但是；尽管如此 ·必记搭配与例句：·nonetheless(转折关系)：It was raining hard,nonetheless,we went out He is old,but he is nonetheless active. 9.artisan/,atr'zen/n.工匠，手艺人 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：工匠，手艺人（尤指传统工艺) ·必记搭配与例句：●skilled artisan(熟练工匠)：The artisan made beautiful pottery ●artisan craftsmanship(工匠技艺)：We should respect artisan craftsmanship 10.restoration/,resta're(e)n/n.(建筑或家具等的)修复，整修 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：（建筑/家具等的）修复，整修 ·必记搭配与例句：●restoration of sth.(某物的修复)：The restoration of the old temple took two years. ●under restoration(正在修复中)：The museum is under restoration now. ·重点派生词：●restore(动词)：restore the painting(修复画作) ●restored(形容词)：restored house(修复后的房子) 11.polish/'pDlv.擦亮，磨光 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：擦亮（表面）、润色（文字作品） ·必记搭配与例句：●polish the furniture(擦亮家具)：He polished the table until it shone. ·polish an essay(▣色文章)：She spent hours polishing her speech. ·重点派生词：●polished(形容词)：polished performance(精湛的表演) ●polisher(名词)：floor polisher(地板抛光机) l2.gigantic/dar'gaentik/adj.巨大的，庞大的 高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：巨大的，庞大的（尺寸/数量） ·必记搭配与例句：·gigantic building(巨大的建筑)：The new stadium is a gigantic structure.. ●gigantic amount(巨a额数量)：A gigantic amount of money was spent on the project. l3.melody/meladi//n.歌曲：曲调 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 核心义：歌曲：曲调（音乐） ·必记搭配与例句：·beautiful melody(优美的旋律)：The song has a beautiful melody. ●hum a melody(哼曲调)：She hummed a familiar melody. ·重点派生词：●melodious(形容词)：melodious voice（悦耳的嗓音) 14.maximum/maeksmmam/n.最大量，最大值 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：最大量，最大值 ·必记搭配与例句：●naximum speed(最大速度)：The car's maximum speed is200km/h. ●reach the maximum(达到最大值)：The temperature reached a maximum of35C. ·重点派生词：●maximize(动词)：maximize profits(最大化利润) ●maximum(形容词)：maximum effort(最大努力) 15.crimson/'kmz(3n/adj.深红色的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：深红色的 ·必记搭配与例句：●crimson dress(深红色连衣裙)：She wore a crimson dress to the party ●crimson sky(深红色的天空)：The sunset painted the sky crimson. 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The desert climate makes it difficult for plants to grow. ●A.harsh ·B.prosperous ●C.intricate 高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 ·D.gigantic 2.After years of hard work,her family became and moved to a bigger house ●A.crimson ·B.prosperous ·C.painstaking ●D.naximum 3.The watch has an design with tiny diamonds on the dial. ·A.exaggeration ●B.artisan ●C.intricate ●D.melodious 4.Restoring the old painting required work to avoid damaging the original colors. ●A.harsh ●B.painstaking ·C.gigantic ●D.crimson 5.We must our cultural heritage for future generations. ·A.preserve ●B.polish ●C.naximize 。D.hum 6.His story about catching a 3-meter fish was clearly an ●A.metaphor 高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 ·B.preservation ●C.exaggeration ●D.artisan 7.The poet used"time is a river"as a_ to express the passage of life. 。A.melody ●B.metaphor ·C.preservative ●D.restoration 8.It rained heavily, we still managed to arrive on time. ·A.nonetheless ·B.painstakingly 。C.harshly ●D.intricately 9.The spent three months carving the wooden statue by hand. 。A.restoration ●B.artisan ·C.exaggeration 。D.melody 10.The speed limit on this highway is 120 km/h ●A.maximum ·B.prosperity ●C.crimson ●D.preservative 高中选择性必修第三册外研版 单元专版 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The (preserve)of ancient books is important for studying history.( 2.She (polish)her essay for hours before submitting it..(过去式) 3.The (prosper)of the local economy has improved people's lives.( 4.He worked (painstaking)to solve the math problem.(副词) 5.The (restore)of the old theater will be completed next year.( 6.Without (exaggerate),this is the most delicious cake I've ever eaten.(-ing) 7.The furniture was (intricate)carved with floral patterns.(副词) 8. (preservative)are added to bread to keep it fresh longer..(名词复数) 3.三、首字母填空 1.The sunset turned the sky a deep c_ color. 2.This project requires m effort from everyone in the team. 3.The artisan's p work on the pottery made it a valuable piece. 4.Salt has been used for centuries to p_ food. 5.The melody of the song was so beautiful that I couldn't stop h 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.B5.A6.C7.B8.A9.B10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1preservation 2.polished 3.prosperity 4.painstakingly 5.restoration 6.exaggeration 7.intricately 8.Preservatives ·三、首字母填空 1.crimson 2.maximum 3.painstaking 4.preserve 5.humming