Unit 4 Natural disasters 二-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中必修一人教 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·必修一Unit4 Natural disasters二 单元词汇总览 ruin/'ru:m/n.废墟；毁坏；t.buy/'bert.埋葬；安葬 苦、悲伤等)受苦；受难：受折 破坏：毁灭 calm /ka:m/t.&vi.(使)平磨：t.遭受：蒙受 in ruins严重受损：破败不堪 静：（使）镇定：adj.平静的：suffer from遭受：患病 survivor/sa'varva()/M.幸存者：镇静的：沉着的 unify/'ju:nifan/vi.&t.统一：（使） 生还者：残存物 calm down平静下来：镇定下来成一体 shock/okt.使震惊：使惊愕：effort/'efat/n.努力：艰难的尝smart/smat/adj.聪明的：机敏 n.震惊：惊愕：休克 试：尽力 的：智能的 electricity/,lek'trIsItI/n.电；电wisdom/wIzdam/h.智慧；才智phone /faun/m. 电话：电话机： 能 context/'kpntekst/h.上下文；语t.&vi.打电话 trap /traep/.t.使落入险境；使陷境 入圈套：n.险境；陷阱 suffer'sAfa(r)/vi.(因疾病、痛 词汇核心考点精讲 1.ruin/'um/n.废墟；毁坏；t.破坏；毁灭 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.)/及物动词(t.) 2个核心义：废墟(n.)、毁坏(t.) ·必记搭配与例句：●in ruins（严重受损；破败不堪)：The city lay in ruins after the war 。ruin sth.(破坏某物)：Careless driving ruined his life ·重点派生词：●uined(形容词)：a ruined castle(一座破败的城堡) ●ruinous（形容词)：tuinous consequences(毁灭性的后果) 2.survivor/s3'varva(r)/n.幸存者：生还者；残存物 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：幸存者：生还者 ·必记搭配与例句：。earthquake survivor(地震幸存者)：He was the only survivor of the accident. ●survivor of(…的幸存者)：She is a survivor of the disease. ·重点派生词：●survive(动词)：survive the earthquake(从地震中幸存) ·survival(名词)：the struggle for survival（生存斗争) 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 3.shock小ok/t.使震惊；使惊愕：n.震惊：惊愕；休克 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.)/名词(n.) 2个核心义：使震惊(t.)、震惊(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：。be shocked at(对…感到震惊)：I was shocked at the news.. ·shock sb.(使某人震惊)：The bad news shocked her. ●in shock(处于震惊中)：He sat there in shock ·重点派生词：●shocking(形容词)：shocking news(令人震惊的消息) ·shocked(形容词)：a shocked expression（震惊的表情) 4.trap /traep/vt.使落入险境：使陷入圈套；n.险境；陷阱 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.)/名词(n.) 2个核心义：使落入险境(vt.)、险境：陷阱(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：·tra即sb.in（使某人陷入)：She was trapped in the lift.. ●fall into a trap(落入陷阱)：Don't fall into his tr女a即. ·重点派生词：●trapped(形容词)：trapped miners(被困矿工) 5.buy/ber/t.埋葬；安葬 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.) 1个核心义：埋葬：安葬 ·必记搭配与例句：●bury sth.in(把某物埋在)：He buried his face in his hands ●be buried in(埋头于)：She was buried in her work ·重点派生词：●burial(名词)：a burial service(葬礼仪式) 6.calm /ka:m/t.&vi.(使)平静：（使）镇定：adj.平静的：镇静的：沉着的 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词/不及物动词(t.&vi.)/形容词(adj.) 2个核心义：（使）平静：（使）镇定(t.&vi.)、平静的：镇静的(adj) ·必记搭配与例句：●calm down(平静下来)：Calm down!Everything will be OK ●stay calm(保持冷静)：You must stay calm in danger. ·calm sb.(使某人平静)：He tried to calm her. ·重点派生词：·calmly(副词)：speak calmly(平静地说) ●calmness（名词)：the calmness of the sea（大海的平静) 7.effort/efat/n.努力：艰难的尝试；尽力 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：努力：艰难的尝试 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●make an effort（努力)：I will make an effort to study hard. ·spare no effort(不遗余力)：We spare no effort to help you. ●with effort(费力地)：He lifted the box with effort. ·重点派生词：·effortless(形容词)：effortless work(轻松的工作) 8.wisdom/'wzdm/m.智慧；才智 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：智慧：才智 ·必记搭配与例句：●the wisdom of(…的智慧)：We should learn from the wisdom of the old.. ●practical wisdom(实用智慧)：He has a lot of practical wisdom. ·重点派生词：●wise(形容词)：a wise man(智者) ·wisely(副词)：act wisely(明智地行动) 9.suffer/'swfa)/wi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦：受难：受折磨：t.遭受：蒙受 ·核心考点：词性：不及物动词(vi.)/及物动词(t) 2个核心义：受苦：受难(vi.)、遭受：蒙受(t.) ·必记搭配与例句：·suffer from（遭受：患病)：She suffers from a headache,. 。suffer sth.(遭受某事)：The company suffered heavy losses. ·重点派生词：●suffering(名词)：human suffering(人类的苦难) ·sufferer(名词)：asthma sufferers(哮喘患者) 10.unify/ju:nifar/vi.&vt.统一：（使）成一体 ·核心考点：词性：不及物动词/及物动词（ⅵi.&t.) 1个核心义：统一：（使）成一体 ·必记搭配与例句：●unify.into(把…统一成)：They unified the country into one. ●unify efforts(齐心协力)：We need to unify our efforts.. ·重点派生词：●unified(形容词)：a unified team(团结的团队) ●unification(名词)：the unification of the country(国家统一) 11.smart/smat/adj.聪明的：机敏的；智能的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 2个核心义：聪明的；机敏的：智能的 ·必记搭配与例句：·smart phone(智能手机)：He has a new smart phone. ●smart idea(聪明的想法)：That's a smart idea. ·重点派生词：·smartly(副词)：dress smartly(衣着得体) ●smartness(名词)：the smartness of the design(设计的巧妙) 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 12.calm down平静下来；镇定下来 ·核心考点：词性：动词短语 1个核心义：平静下来：镇定下来 ·必记搭配与例句：●calm down(单独使用)：Calm down and tell me what happened. ●calm sb.dowm(使某人平静下来)：I tried to calm her down. 13.suffer from遭受；患病 ·核心考点：词性：动词短语 1个核心义：遭受；患病 ·必记搭配与例句：·suffer from illness(患病)：He suffers from heart disease. ●suffer from poverty(遭受贫困)：Many people suffer from poverty in that area. 14.in ruins严重受损：破败不堪 ·核心考点：词性：介词短语 1个核心义：严重受损；破败不堪 ·必记搭配与例句：●lie in ruins(沦为废墟)：The old temple lay in ruins. ●be in ruins(处于破败状态)：After the fire,.the house was in ruins.. 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The old town layafter the terrible earthquake. ●A.in ruins ●B.on ruins ●C.by ruins ●D.at ruins 2.He was the only_of the plane crash. ●A.survivor ●B.survival ●C.survive 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·D.surviving 3.We wereto hear that the famous actor had passed away. 。A.shock ●B.shocking ·C.shocked ·D.shocks 4.Many miners were_underground after the mine accident. 。A.trap ·B.trapped ●C.trapping ·D.traps 5.She her face in her hands and cried. 。A.bury ●B.buries ●C.buried 。D.burying 6.You shoulddown and think carefully before making a decision. ●A.calm ●B.calmness 。C.calmly 。D.calming 7.They made every to finish the project on time. 。A.effort 。B.effortless 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·C.efforts ●D.effortful 8.Reading books can increase your_and knowledge. ·A.wise 。B.wisdom 。C.wisely ·D.wiseness 9.The companyheavy losses during the economic crisis. ●A.suffered ●B.suffered from 。C.suffering ●D.suffer 10.The government is trying to-the country under one law. 。A.unify ·B.unified ●C.unification ●D.unifying 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The(ruin)village has become a popular tourist attraction. 2.The(survive)of the earthquake told us their stories. 3.Her(shock)look showed that she couldn't believe the news. 4.After the storm,many people were left(trap)in their houses. 5.The(bury)of the soldier will be held next Monday. 6.He spoke(calm)even in the face of danger. 7.It was an_(effort)victory for the team 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 8.A-(wise)person always thinks before acting. 9.The(suffer)of the people in the war was beyond imagination. 10.We need a(unify)approach to solve this problem. 3.三、首字母填空 1.After the fire,the house was in r. 2.She is a s_of a serious car accident. 3.I was sat his rude behavior. 4.They tried their best to rescue the tchildren from the burning building. 5.With great e,he finally climbed to the top of the mountain. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.A3.C4.B5.C6.A7.A8.B9.A10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.ruined 2.survivors 3.shocked 4.trapped 5.burial 6.calmly 7.effortless 8.wise 9.suffering 10.unified ·三、首字母填空 1.ruins 2.survivor 3.shocked 4.trapped 5.effort