Unit 4 Natural disasters 三-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中人教 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·必修一Unit4 Natural disasters 单元词汇总览 early warning预警 supply/3pla/n.供应（量）：补on hand现有（尤指帮助） capacity /ka'pest/n.能力：容给：pl.]补给品：t.供应：供给sweep/swip/t.扫；打扫：席卷； 量：容纳能力 access'kses/n.通道：（使用、横扫：掠过：vi.快速移动：n.打 crash /kraf/vi.&t.碰撞：撞击；查阅、接近或面见的)机会：权扫 n.撞车：碰撞：坠毁 利：t.进入：使用：获取 wave /weiv/n.海浪；波浪；波； system/'sIstam/n.系统：体系；available/'velb(a)Vad.可获vi.&t.挥手：招手 制度 得的：可购得的：有空的 strike/strak/vi.&t.侵袭：突击； rise /raz/vi.上升；升起；起床；nountainous/mauntinas/adj.多击打；n.罢工；罢课；袭击 站起来：n.上升；增加；加薪山的：山一般的 deliver/dr'liva)/t.递送；传达： come to one's rescue救援某人flow/fla/vi.流；流动：n.流；发表 kitt/n.成套工具：成套设备流动：流畅 词汇核心考点精讲 1.capacity /k3'pest/n.能力；容量：容纳能力 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 3个核心义：能力（侧重容纳或生产能力）、容量（容器或空间大小）、容纳能力（特定场所的 承载量) ·必记搭配与例句：●capacity for sth.(做某事的能力)：She has a great capacity for learning languages. ●capacity to do sth.(做某事的能力)：The machine has the capacity to process 1000 items per hour. ·storage capacity(存储容量)：This computer has a storage capacity of5l2GB, ·重点派生词：·capable(形容词)：be capable of(有能力做) ·capability(名词)：technical capability(技术能力) 2.crash /kraef/vi..&t.碰撞：撞击：n.撞车：碰撞；坠毁 ·核心考点：词性：动词（ⅵ.&t)/名词(n.) 3个核心义：碰撞（车辆、物体等猛烈相撞）、撞击（使某物猛撞）、坠毁（飞机等失事坠落） ·必记搭配与例句：●crash into(撞上)：The car crashed into a tree, ●air crash(空难)：There was a terrible air crash yesterday. ●crash down(倒塌)：The old building crashed down in the storm, 高中人教 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：·crashing(形容词)：a crashing noise(巨大的撞击声) 3.system/'sIstam/n.系统：体系：制度 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 3个核心义：系统（由部件组成的整体）、体系（制度或理论框架）、制度（社会组织结构） ·必记搭配与例句：·system of sth.(…的系统/体系)：a system of government(政府体制) ●operating system(操作系统)：Most computers use Windows as their operating system ●ecosystem(生态系统)：The forest is a complex ecosystem ·重点派生词：●systematic(形容词)：systematic study(系统的研究) ●systematically(副词)：work systematically(有条不紊地工作) 4.rise /raiz/vi.上升；升起；起床；站起来；n.上升：增加；加薪 ·核心考点：词性：动词(vi)/名词(n.) 3个核心义：上升（位置、数量等提高）、升起（太阳、月亮等出现）、增加（程度或水平提升） ·必记搭配与例句：●rise up（起义；上升)：The people rose up against the government.. ●rise in sth.(…f的增加)：There has been a rise in prices recently. ●give rise to(引起)：His carelessness gave rise to the accident. ·词形变化：·过去式：Iose:过去分词：isen 5.access /'aekses/n.通道：（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会；权利：t.进入：使用：获取 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)/动词(t.) 3个核心义：通道（进入的路径）、机会（使用或接近的权利）、获取（信息或资源） ·必记搭配与例句：●access to sth.(使用/接近…的权利)：Students have free access to the library. ●access information(获取信息)：You can access the data through the website. ●easy access(便捷通道)：The hotel has easy access to the beach. ·重点派生词：·accessible(形容词)：be accessible to(对…来说易接近的) ●inaccessible(形容词)：inaccessible mountain areas(难以到达的山区) 6.available/a'velb(a)/adj.可获得的；可购得的；有空的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：可获得的（能得到的）、可购得的（市面上有卖的）、有空的（时间上不忙的） ·必记搭配与例句：·available for sth.（可用于…)：This room is available for meetings ●available to sb..（对某人来说可获得的)：These books are available to all students. ●be available(有空的)：I'm available this afternoon. ·重点派生词：●availability(名词)：the availability of resources(资源的可获得性) 7.mountainous/'mauntin3s/adj.多山的；山一般的 高中人教 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：多山的（地区有很多山）、山一般的（数量或规模巨大） ·必记搭配与例句：●mountainous area(山区)：They live in a mountainous area. ●mountainous waves(巨浪)：The ship struggled through mountainous waves.. ·词根词源：·mountain(名词：山)+-ous(形容词后缀)→多山的 8.1 ow /flac/vi.流：流动n.流：流动：流畅 ·核心考点：词性：动词(i.)/名词(n.) 3个核心义：流（液体或气体移动）、流动（连续不断地移动）、流畅（说话或写作自然） ·必记搭配与例句：●flow into(流入)：The river flows into the sea. ●flow of sth.(…的流动)：the flow of traffic(交通流量) ●flow smoothly(流畅地进行)：The conversation flowed smoothly.. ·重点派生词：●flowing(形容词)：flowing hair(飘逸的头发) .strike/straik/vi..&t.侵袭：突击：击打；n.罢工：罢课：袭击 ·核心考点：词性：动词(i.&t.)/名词(n.) 3个核心义：侵袭（疾病、灾难等突然发生）、击打（用手或工具打）、罢工（工人停止工作） ·必记搭配与例句：·strike sb.(袭击某人：打动某人)：The storm struck the coastal area. ●strike a match(划火柴)：He struck a match to light the candle: ●go on strike(罢工)：The workers went on strike for better pay. ·词形变化：●过去式/过去分词：suck 10.deliver/d'lIva(r)/vt.递送：传达：发表 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 3个核心义：递送（把物品送到某地）、传达（表达信息或情感）、发表（演讲或讲话） ·必记搭配与例句：·deliver sth.tosb.(把某物送给某人)：The postman delivers letters to our home,. ●deliver a speech(发表演讲)：The president will deliver a speech tonight. ●deliver on sth.(履行承诺)：He always delivers on his promises ·重点派生词：·delivery(名词)：express delivery(快递) ●deliverer(名词)：a food deliverer(送餐员) l1.supply/s3pla/n.供应（量）：补给：[pl.]补给品；t.供应：供给 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)/动词(t) 3个核心义：供应（量）、补给（物资）入、供给（提供所需物品） ·必记搭配与例句：·supply of sth..(…的供应)：We need a steady supply of water ·supply sb.with sth.(向某人提供某物)：The company supplies us with raw materials. ●in short supply(供应短缺)：Fresh vegetables are in short supply in winter 高中人教 寒假专版 ·词形变化：·复数：supplies(补给品) 12.sweep/swip/t.扫：打扫：席卷；横扫：掠过；i.快速移动：n.打扫 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.vi.)/名词(n.) 3个核心义：扫（用扫帚清洁）、席卷（迅速传播或覆盖）、掠过（快速移动） ·必记搭配与例句：·sweep away(扫除；冲走)：The flood swept away many houses. ●sweep across(席卷)：A wave of panic swept across the crowd. ●nake a clean sweep(彻底清理)：She made a clean sweep of the old books. ·词形变化：·过去式/过去分词：swept 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The new library has a large for storing books and magazines. ●A.capacity ●B.access ·C.supply ·D.crash 2.The river into the ocean after passing through the city. ●A.rises 。B.flows ●C.strikes ·D.sweeps 3.Students in this school have free to the computer lab during lunchtime. ●A.available ·B.system ●C.access 高中人教 寒假专版 ·D.delivery 4.Prices of vegetables have by 20%in the past month due to bad weather. 。A.risen ●B.raised ●C.crashed ·D.swept 5.The operating of this smartphone is easy to use for elderly people. 。A.systematic ·B.system ·C.capability ·D.accessibility 6.Please check if the meeting room is at 3 p.m.tomorrow. ●A.available ●B.accessible ·C.capable ●D.deliverable 7.A sudden storm the coastal village last night,causing heavy damage. 。A.crashed ●B.struck ●C.rose ·D.flowed 8.The company promises to the goods to your home within three days. ·A.supply ●B.access 高中人教 寒假专版 ·C.deliver ●D.rise 9.In mountainous areas,fresh water is often in short 。A.capacity ·B.supply ●C.availability ·D.delivery 10.The manager asked us to work to complete the project on time ·A.systematically ●B.accessible ●C.mountainous 。D.flowing 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.This library has a storage (容量)of over100,000 books.(capacity) 2.The sun (升起)at6:30a.m.yesterday..(rise-过去式) 3.We need to improve our technical (能力)to compete with other companies.(capable-名 词) 4.The data is (可获取的)to all team members via the shared drive..(access-形容词) 5.The deliveryman (递送)a package to my office an hour ago.(deliver-过去式) 6.The (系统的)study of history helps us understand human development..(system-形容词) 7.The (可获得性)of public transport in this area is very high.(available-名词) 8.Heavy rain caused the river to (上涨)by two meters last week.(ise-原形) 3.三、首字母填空 1.The small village is located in a m area with many hills and valleys. 2.The flow of the river was so fast that it s away several small bridges. 3.All students have free a to the school's online resources. 高中人教 寒假专版 4.The company's new product will be a in stores next month. 5.The teacher asked us to make a s plan for our group project. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.A5B6.A7B8.C9.B10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.capacity 2.rose 3.capability 4.accessible 5.delivered 6.systematic 7.availability 8.rise ·三、首字母填空 1.mountainous 2.swept 3.access 4.available 5.systematic