专题一 类型二 第4讲 议论文-【衡中学案】2026年高考英语二轮总复习学案

050 D (2025·河北省沧州市运东五校联考高三二模) A new study suggests people might like chatbot-produced poems for their simple and straightforward images, emotions and themes. In a recent experiment,the researchers tasked OpenAI's ChatGPT with generating poems in the styles of famous poets,then presented 1,634 participants with ten poems-five human-written and five chatbot-generated-and assessed how people rated the poems based on 14 qualities,including rhythm and originality.Interestingly,they tended to rate the AI-generated poems higher on average,suggesting a preference for their straightforwardness and clarity. Why readers seem to prefer AI-generated poetry is not entirely clear,but the researchers'best guess is that the AI poems may be more appealing because they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend."Emily Dickinson sometimes breaks the expected rhyme scheme()on purpose,"says Brian Porter,a researcher at the University of Pittsburgh,"But the AI-generated poems in her style never did that once."Besides,modern readers don't seem to want to bother themselves to read deep to think critically.Instead,they prefer texts giving them instant answers."When readers say they prefer AI poetry,they would seem to be showing their frustration when faced with writing that does not yield to their attention,"he adds. While the findings raise concerns about AI potentially replacing human artists and putting them out of work one day, Dorothea Lasky,the only living poet whose writings were included in the experiments,says it's not necessarily a bad thing that readers enjoyed the AI-generated poems."Poetry will always be necessary,"Lasky says,"If they read AI poems and like that poem better than a human-generated poem,then that,to me,is beautiful.They have a good experience with a poem,and I don't care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets-even robot poets. This study provided a platform for the intersection of technology and creativity,prompting reflection on the future of poetry and artistic expression. 13.Why did the researchers conduct the experiment? A.To create a technique. B.To clarify a concept. C.To detail an example. D.To confirm a finding. 14.What does the example of Emily Dickinson imply? A.Robots are more complicated than humans. B.AI meets modern readers'reading preference. C.Chatbot is trained to write in creative patterns. D.Classic poetry lacks unique charming features. 15.Which belief does Dorothea Lasky have about poetry? A.All flowers bloom together. B.No dish suits all tastes. C.It's no use crying over spilt milk. D.Time and tide wait for no man. 16.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Will Poets Be Lost in AI Era? B.ChatGPT:a New Advancement C.Fake or Real-a Concern about Al D.ChatGPT or Dickinson,Who Is Better? 第4讲 议论文 高频考点 研析透 议论文，也叫说理文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。文章主要是中外广泛关注的 社会话题和热点问题，作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等手法，大多以“总一分一总”的结构行文，即“提出问 题一分析问题一解决问题”。议论文的三要素是论点、论据和论证，其目的是说服他人、宣扬观点，或者说服读者 接受某种意见或采取某种行动。 ●辨明题类 议论文阅读理解难度相对比较大，命题角度多样化，细节理解题、推理判断题、词句猜测题、主旨大意题都有 可能出现。因此，在阅读议论文时，应该从结构和内容两方面同时入手，先通读原文，再区分事实和观点，明确论 点、论证和论据，把握作者最后得出的结论。 051 ●技法点拨 研读首段，确定论点：议论文的主旨，即论点往往在首段，尤其是首段中有however,but等转折词时，其后的内 容便是论点。 细读中间段，把握论证方式：中间段是文章的主体部分，即论证部分，作者会用两个或两个以上的段落通过举 例、引用、对比、列数字、引用事实和理论等进行论证，这一部分往往与细节理解题的考查点相对应。 关注尾段，理解结论：尾段是结论部分，要弄清楚作者所得出的结论。 ●真题体验 (2025·全国I卷·阅读理解C)】 While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years,transport studies also show declines in pedestrian()mobility,especially among young children.Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school,so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brommelstroet are bothered by facts like these.In their new book Movement:How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives,they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago.Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor()to champion "New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through".Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people,among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through,but we fail to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities?The authors of Movement have it right:it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 28.What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A.Cars often get stuck on the road. B.Traffic accidents occur frequently. C.People walk less and drive more D.Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 29.What were the Canadian joumalist and other campaigners trying to do? A.Keep their cities livable. B.Promote cultural diversity. C.Help the needy families D.Make expressways accessible. 30.What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A.They boosted the sales of cars. B.They turned out largely ineffective. C.They won government support. D.They advocated building new parks. 31.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Why the Rush?B.What's Next? C.Where to Stay? D.Who to Blame? 【解题示范】第一步：浏览全文，把握主旨大意：文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动 性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。 第二步：细审题千，定位原文： 第28小题：根据题千主要信息paragraph1,定位到文章的第一段。 第29小题：根据题千信息the Canadian journalist and other campaigners,定位到文章的第三段。 第30小题：根据题千信息campaigns in Australia in the late1960sand1970s,定位到文章的倒数第二段。 第31小题：根据题千信息suitable title,定位到文章的最后一段并结合全文内容。 第三步：仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。 在文中找到信息区间后，再仔细对比各选项，确定答案。 052 28.细节理解题。根据第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (mobility,especially among young children.Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school,so they pack them into the car instead." 可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选 29.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (to champion 'New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through'.”可知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选 0 30.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly..”可知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。 故选 3l.标题归纳题。通读全文，并根据最后一段中“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through,but we fail to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities?”可知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush?”质问“rush through”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选 0 模拟精练 提考能 A (2025·吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州高三一模)】 Most have probably heard of Henry David Thoreau and his book Walden,even though his message of simplicity may sound outdated.Nowadays,smartphones flood us with text messages.Many consumers are buying the latest digital devices,from tablets and fitness trackers to commercial drones.Simple living seems to be a thing of the past. Thoreau would beg to differ.As a writer who advocated the value of simplicity almost two centuries ago,he was a contrarian()for his time.He lived during the height of the Industrial Age,distinguished by the rise of large factories,expanding urban developments,and powerful machines. Turned off by the constant busyness of this time,Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.He brought with him only the necessities of life and wrote about this adventure in his book Walden.In the book,Thoreau is basically making a philosophical statement.We are not living meaningful lives due to modern technology.We created powerful machines to make life more convenient.Unfortunately,these machines have done the opposite.In his words, “men have become the tools of their tools”. That is to say,we are not the ones controlling technology.Technology is controlling us.Every few minutes, smartphones may distract us with messages.At least half of Americans check their phones several times an hour. Meanwhile,information overload from social media can weaken our concentration and heighten confusion. When technology causes that much distraction and confusion,it may be healthy to simplify life by reducing technology overuse.Personally,I've done so in two ways.First,I use very little data on my phone and keep the apps on it to a minimum.Most time,I only use my phone to call or text.Second,I quit most social media.Sure,those two things aren't as extreme as Thoreau withdrawing into the woods.Nevertheless,they're realistic moves I can make toward living a more meaningful life. 1.Why does the author refer to Thoreau's book Walden in Paragraph 1? A.To tell the characters of Thoreau. B.To attract more consumers. C.To bring in the concept of simple life. D.To discuss the advantage of smartphones. 2.What might drive Thoreau to live in the woods? A.The purpose to keep fit. B.His plan of writing a book. C.The pace of his time. D.His worry about technology. 053 3.What is the author's attitude to Thoreau's words "men have become the tools of their tools"? A.Tolerant. B.Doubtful. C.Approving. D.Critical. 4.What is the author's main argument in this text? A.Modern technology improves our lives. B.Simplicity in a way helps live a meaningful life. C.We should withdraw from modern society. D.Powerful machines are necessary for progress. B (2025·浙江省嘉兴市高三二模) The 18th century German philosopher Immanuel Kant lived very firmly in a world of time.He was so strict about routine that his fellow citizens of Kocnigsberg could set their watches by his aftemoon walk.However,in his philosophical work,Kant was doubtful about time.He believed time is created by the human mind.Out there beyond our minds,there is no time.It's simply a "category"of our minds that helps us to perceive objects and order our experience. The flexibility of our time perception()supports Kant's doubt.We all know time is not a fixed phenomenon but seems to pass at different speeds in different situations.For example,it seems to go slowly when we travel to unfamiliar places,or when we are bored or in pain.It seems to speed up when we're absorbed,such as when we play music or paint. Our perception of time can change in a dramatic way.Perhaps,at least once in your life,you've had what is called a "Time Expansion Experience (TEE)",when seconds have stretched out into minutes.TEEs happen most frequently in accidents where perception becomes more intense than normal and thus people notice more details. In accident situations,people are often surprised by the amount of time they have to think and act.In fact,many people are convinced that time expansion spared them from their serious injury,or even death.For example,a woman who reported a TEE in which she avoided a metal barrier falling on to her car said,"For me the slowing down of the moment allowed me to decide how to escape the falling metal on us." All of this suggests that Kant was right.Perhaps the reason why time is variable is that it doesn't really exist-at least,outside our minds.There is no objective time out there in the universe.What we experience as time is filtered(i through our minds,and so varies according to our state of mind. 5.Which of the following would Immanuel Kant approve of? A.Time is a basic quality of the world. B.Time is a record of human experience. C.Time is a situation measured by daily routine. D.Time is a mental concept generated by humans. 6.What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A.Time progresses at a constant speed. B.Full attention affects people's sense of time. C.Time perception varies depending on context. D.People feel time slows down on special occasions. 7.What do people think of TEEs in accidents? A.Inspiring. B.Beneficial. C.Temporary. D.Painful. 8.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.The Secret of Time:A State of Mind B.Time Expansion:Real or Imaginary? C.Time Perception:A Philosophical Exploration D.The Clockwork of the Mind:How to Measure Time? C (2025·江西省新余市高三一模】 Are you a logical thinker,or would you say that you're more free-spirited and artistic?If you're the former, somebody's probably told you at some point that you're a left-brained person,and if you're the latter,right-brained.The idea that the right half of the brain is the creative half and the left half is the analytical half and that our individual characteristics are determined by which half is dominant is widespread in popular psychology.However,this idea is a fiction. Although we all obviously have different personalities and talents,there's no reason to believe these differences can be explained by the dominance of one half of the brain over the other half.Recent research using brain imaging 054 technology hasn't found any evidence of hemispheric()dominance.Math,for example,requires logical thought and,thus,is generally said to be connected with the left brain.But mathematics involves a highly creative effort in addition to being a logical one.So would a gifted mathematician be a right-brained or a left-brained person? If there's no evidence for the fiction of right-brained and left-brained people,why do so many people accept it? Perhaps it just makes intuitive()sense that people's brains would be dominant on one side or the other just as their hands,feet,or eyes are.It may also have something to do with our seemingly unlimited appetite that allows us to sort ourselves (and our friends)into"types"based on our emotional and intellectual characteristics. When people are offered general descriptive statements that are presented as individualized descriptions of their own personalities,they tend to accept them as meaningful and true,especially if the statements are positive.The "insights" they generate are both universal and congenial.After all,who would reject a description of themselves as "artistic and creative'”or“reasonable and analytical"？The fiction is popular,in the end,because it gives us a“scientific”way to talk about our favorite subject-ourselves. 9.What can we learn from the passage? A.A free-spirited artist is a right-handed person. B.The left half of the brain deals with analytical work. C.Different personalities are determined by the brain. D.The idea of which half of the brain is dominant is a fiction. 10.Which is a possible reason for people believing left-brained or right-brained dominance? A.Roles of different brain regions. B.Distinctions between different people. C.The tendency to classify people. D.The conclusion from daily phenomena. 11.What does the underlined word "congenial"mean in the last paragraph? A.Reasonable. B.Accurate. C.Random. D.Pleasing. 12.What is the best title for the text? A.The Science of Different Personalities B.The Truth Behind Hemispheric Dominance C.Links Between the Brain and Characters D.Ways to Tell Right-brained and Left-brained People D (2025·湖北省武汉市高三五月模拟训练) It's been quite a while since the world saw exactly how deadly these deep-sea voyages can be.On June 18,2023, the private submersible()Titan carried five men on a mission to view the remains of the Titanic,which is about 400 miles off the coast of Newfoundland.The dive was expected to take a few hours and reach a depth of more than 12,000 feet.But 105 minutes after the Titan went down below the waves,it lost contact. The U.S.and Canadian Coast Guards and the U.S.Navy were called in for a desperate search to rescue the passengers,only to discover the Titan had collapsed inward with no survivors.The disaster dominated global news for weeks,touching off debates:Are human-led deep-sea missions worth their risks and costs? On social media,some expressed sympathy,while others opposed the effort.Critics labeled the passengers "risk- takers"or"senseless"and journalists strongly criticised the media focus on wealthy explorers instead of 700 drowned victims in the Aegean Sea.The obloquy continues today-I've been targeted myself. For a decade,I've supported undersea exploration,arguing its importance.Critics object that remotely operated machines make human missions unnecessary.Why dive deep when we can study hidden secrets in high-definition from safe offices？ Yet I defend humanity's drive to explore-the hands-on,unpredictable pursuit that sent us to the moon and across oceans.Without such exploration,scientists can't confirm theories;nor can journalists share real stories.Through many attempts and mistakes,I've learned:To truly describe a subject,you must encounter it.Discovery requires being present. The path to knowledge is challenging,filled with setbacks and failures.It's costly and often unrewarding,but that's exactly why it matters.Trying various approaches-even following uncertain clues-is crucial to discovery.We lose something vital if we abandon the courage to go deep. .055 13.What was the initial purpose of the Titan's mission? A.To test an underwater vehicle. B.To study undersea creatures. C.To rescue Aegean Sea victims. D.To observe the ruins of a ship. 14.What does the underlined word "obloquy"in paragraph 3 refer to? A.The occurrence of drowning. B.The criticism from the society. C.The debate among journalists. D.The focus on wealthy explorers. 15.How does the author defend the value of deep-sea exploration? A.By quoting famous scientists. B.By listing undersea discoveries. C.By weighing the risks and significance. D.By emphasizing its economic benefits. 16.What is essential for discovery according to the author? A.Media coverage B.Pure imagination. C.Secured environment. D.Direct involvement. 第5讲 新闻报道 〈高频夸点 研析透 新闻报道一般突出新闻性，作者要避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及 时，趣味可读，时效性强。第一句往往为全文的中心句，下文要叙述事件的过程和细节。新闻报道的一些常用语 包括：It is reported that..,As is reported..·,According to the report...,It is estimated that..等，时态一般用过去 时，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。 ●辨明题类 新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素及各方反应，很少探究事件背后的原因。 因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节，题型主要为观点推断题、考查语篇衔接、推断某一特定词或者短语的 指代内容或主旨归纳题。 ●技法点拨 1.研读导语：首段通常是导语，说明文章的中心人物或事件，即文章的主题。 2.直击题干：判断题目类型，找出定位词。 3.定位信息：根据定位词，在原文中找出关键句，对照选项确定答案。 ●真题体验 (2023·浙江1月卷·阅读理解C) A machine can now not only beat you at chess,it can also outperform you in debate.Last week,in a public debate in San Francisco,a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents,including Noa Ovadia,Israel's former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is,Project Debater has some weaknesses.It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together.This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out,yet they also point to a fundamental problem.As Kristian Hammond,professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University,put it:"There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about. What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning,and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.A computer works with symbols.Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another.But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed,to amachine and the size of the laundry load may take experimentation.”等内容可知，文章主要围绕如何确定合适的 洗衣液用量展开。C项“How to Figure Out the Right Amount of Laundry Detergent'”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。 C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了NASA 的一项新研究发现，太空旅行可能导致宇航员出现短暂的认知 减缓，但不会造成永久性损伤，且大脑具有恢复能力，最后强调 了该研究对未来太空任务的意义。 9.A细节理解题。根据第二段“Contrary to what you might expect,researchers discovered that while space travelers orbit the Earth,they experience some temporary mental slowdowns, including processing information slower and difficulties with attention and memory.”和第五段中的“Astronauts completed tasks just as accurately as they would on Earth,but they took slightly longer to process information.”可知，字航员在太空旅行 时完成任务的准确性和在地球上一样，但处理信息需要更长 时间，也就是对任务的反应时间变长。 1O.B词句猜测题。根据第三段“Luckily,the study also finds spending months in space doesn't permanently scramble ( an astronaut's cognitive(认知t的)abilities.Their overall brain performance remains remarkably resilient(有适应力的).”可 知，在太空待几个月不会永久性地损害宇航员的认知能力。 ll.D细节理解题。根据第三段“Luckily,the study also finds spending months in space doesn't permanently scramble ( an astronaut's cognitive(认知的）abilities.Their overall brain performance remains remarkably resilient((有适应力的).”以及 第五段中“Others,like reduced processing speed,took a bit longer to return to normal after the astronauts returned to Earth. 可知，宇航员的大脑表现之后可以恢复正常。 l2.C段落大意题。根据最后一段“These insights are more than just scientific curiosity.As humanity looks toward ambitious missions to the Moon and Mars,understanding how the human brain responds to extreme environments becomes crucial.This research provides a baseline for future space explorers,helping mission planners predict and reduce potential cognitive challenges.”可知，本段强调了这项研究的重要性。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项 新的研究表明，人们可能会喜欢聊天机器人制作的诗歌，为此科 学家进行了研究。 l3.D推理判断题。根据第一段“A new study suggests people might like chatbot-produced poems for their simple and straightforward images,emotions and themes..”和s第二段中“In a recent experiment,the researchers tasked OpenAl's ChatGPT with generating poems in the styles of famous poets,then presented 1,634 participants with ten poems-five human-written and five chatbot-generated-and assessed how people rated the poems based on 14 qualities,including rhythm and originality." 可推知，研究人员进行这项实验的目的是确认一个发现一 人们可能会喜欢聊天机器人制作的诗歌。 2 l4.B推理判断题。根据第三段中“Why readers seem to prefer Al-generated poetry is not entirely clear,but the researchers' best guess is that the Al poems may be more appealing because they are relatively straightforward and simple to comprehend. Emily Dickinson sometimes breaks the expected rhyme scheme (on purpose,says Brian Porter,a researcher at the University of Pittsburgh,But the Al-generated poems in her style never did that once.’”可推知，Emily Dickinson的例子暗 示了AI满足现代读者的阅读偏好一一人们喜欢简单明了的 内容。 l5.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Poetry will always be necessary,'Lasky says,If they read Al poems and like that poem better than a human-generated poem,then that,to me,is beautiful.They have a good experience with a poem,and I don't care who wrote it.I feel there is room for all poets-even robot poets.,”可知，Dorothea Lasky认为无论是机器人还是人写 诗，只要写出好的诗歌便是好的，由此可推知，他认为诗歌写 作应该是百花齐放。 l6.D标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A new study suggests people might like chatbot-produced poems for their simple and straightforward images,emotions and themes.”可知， 文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，人们可能会喜欢聊天机 器人制作的诗歌，探讨了人工智能作的诗和诗人写出的诗，哪 个更受欢迎，D项能概括文章内容。 第4讲议论文 高频考点·研析透 CABA 模拟精练·提考能 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了梭罗 的简单生活理念及其对现代生活的启示。 1.C写作意图题。由第一段内容可知，作者提到梭罗的《瓦尔 登湖》是为了引出简单生活的概念。 2.C细节理解题。由第三段中“Tumed off by the constant busyness of this time,Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.”可知，他的时间节奏促使梭罗住在树林里。 3.C观，点态度题。由第四段内容可知，作者认同梭罗的观点， 即人们已成为自己创造的工具的奴隶，技术正在控制我们。 4.B文章大意题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段中“Many consumers are buying the latest digital devices,from tablets and fitness trackers to commercial drones.Simple living seems to be a thing of the past.”和最后一段“When technology causes that much distraction and confusion,it may be healthy to simplify life by reducing technology overuse.”可知，作者的主要论点是简化 生活在一定程度上有助于过上更有意义的生活。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了康德 的时间主观性理论及人类时间感知的弹性现象。 5.D细节理解题。根据第一段“He believed time is created by the human mind.Out there beyond our minds,there is no time. 6 It's simply a 'category'of our minds that helps us to perceive objects and order our experience.”可知，康德相信时间是由人 类的思想创造的。在我们的意识之外，没有时间。 6.C段落大意题。根据第二段“The flexibility of our time perception（(感知)supports Kant's doubt.We all know time is not a fixed phenomenon but seems to pass at different speeds in different situations.For example,it seems to go slowly when we travel to unfamiliar places,or when we are bored or in pain.It seems to speed up when we're absorbed,such as when we play music or paint.”可知，该段主要讲时间感知因情境而异。 7.B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，人们认为在事故中的时间 膨胀体验是有益的。 8.A标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“What we experience as time is filtered (through our minds,and so varies according to our state of mind.”可知，文章开篇介绍康德 认为时间是由人类思维创造的，接着通过讲述时间感知的灵 活性以及时间膨胀体验等内容，说明了时间是因我们的精神 状态而变化的，所以选项A“时间的秘密：一种精神状态”能很 好地概括文章主旨。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要驳斥了关于 左脑型人和右脑型人这种流行观念，并解释了为什么人们会相 信这一观念。 9.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Although we all obviously have different personalities and talents,there's no reason to believe these differences can be explained by the dominance of one half of the brain over the other half.Recent research using brain imaging technology hasn't found any evidence of hemispheric (脑半球的)dominance.”可知，哪个半脑占主导地位的观，点 是虚构的，没有根据的。 lO.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It may also have something to do with our seemingly unlimited appetite that allows us to sort ourselves (and our friends)into 'types'based on our emotional and intellectual characteristics.”可知，人f们相信这 错误的观念可能是因为我们倾向于将自己和他人分类。 Il.D词句猜测题。根据画线词前“When people are offered general descriptive statements that are presented as individualized descriptions of their own personalities,they tend to accept them as meaningful and true,especially if the statements are positive.”可知，画线词所在句与上文呼应， “general”对应“universal'”,“positive”对应“congenial'”。画线 词后提到谁会拒绝将自己描述为“有艺术性和创造力”或 “理性且具分析力”呢。综合以上分析可知，“congenial'”应指 人们不会拒绝的且令人高兴的。 12.B标题归纳题。第一段通过提问引人广泛流行的观点，即 大脑的左右半球分别主导分析性和创造性思维，性格由优势 半脑决定，并指出这是一个虚构的说法；第二段引用最近的 脑成像技术研究并以数学为例驳斥这种流行观点；第三段解 释这种流行观点被广泛接受的原因；第四段阐述人们接受该 观点的心理机制。综合各段大意可知，B项“The Truth Behind Hemispheric Dominance"既暗含对左右脑主导不同思 一 21 维这一观点的否定，又能包含对此的一种解释，概括了文章 大意，适合作文章标题。 D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。2023年6月18日，“泰 坦”号私人潜水船在前往查看泰坦尼克号残骸途中失联并导致 乘客无一生还，这一灾难引发了关于人类主导的深海任务是否 值得冒险和付出成本的辩论。作者认为尽管深海探索充满风 险、代价高昂且可能没有回报，但通过权衡其风险与意义，肯定 了人类探索的价值，强调亲身参与对于发现是至关重要的。 13.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“On June18,2023,the private submersible（潜水船)Titan carried five men on a mission to view the remains of the Titanic”可知，“泰坦”号此 次任务的最初目的是查看一艘船（泰坦尼克号）的残骸。 l4.B词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Critics labeled the passengers 'risk-takers'or 'senseless'and journalists strongly criticised the media focus on wealthy explorers instead of 700 drowned victims in the Aegean Sea.The obloquy continues today-一I've been targeted myself.”可知，前文讲述了社会各界 的批评，所以“obloquy'”指的是社会的批评。 l5.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Yet I defend humanity's drive to explore-the hands-on,unpredictable pursuit that sent us to the moon and across oceans.Without such exploration, scientists can't confirm theories;nor can journalists share real stories.”以及最后一段中“The path to knowledge is challenging,filled with setbacks and failures.It's costly and often unrewarding,but that''s exactly why it matters.”可知，作者通过 权衡深海探索的风险和其对科学家、记者等的重要意义来为 其价值辩护。 16.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Through many attempts and mistakes,I've leamed:To truly describe a subject,you must encounter it..Discovery requires being present..”可知，作者认为 对于发现来说，直接参与是至关重要的。 第5讲新闻报道 高频考点·研析透 一二倒数第二最后一BCBA 模拟精练·提考能 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了 CDC研究发现，H5N1禽流感病毒可能在未被发现的情况下 传播。 1.B写作意图题。根据第一段中“A new study published by the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC)shows that the H5NI bird flu virus is probably circulating undetected in domestic animals in many parts of the country and may be infecting unaware vets(兽医).”可知，第一段提到谚语是为了 引出这项关于H5N1禽流感病毒的研究。 2.A段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要介绍了这 项分析的研究结果。 3.A细节理解题。根据第三段中“But she said she was even more surprised that none of them had known they were infected or 7