精品解析：陕西西北工业大学附属中学2026届第8次适应性训练高三英语试题

高2026届第8次适应性训练 高三英语 第一部分：听力(共两节;满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the man do tonight? A. Take some notes. B. Ask the woman for help. C. Review lessons with a group. 2. What is Mike’s grandparents’ attitude toward AI? A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Critical. 3. Why is the meeting rescheduled? A. An incident occurred in Marketing. B. The room is unavailable. C The CEO is occupied. 4. What does the woman mean? A. Alice is hard-working. B. The man deserves a good grade. C. She doesn’t care about the exam results. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Renting an apartment. B. Doing some shopping. C. Making their budget. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What theme does the movie convey? A. Conquering natural disasters. B. Rescuing endangered species. C. Overcoming fear for the unknown. 7. When does the man plan to get to the cinema? A At 2:30 pm. B. At 2:40 pm. C. At 3:00 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What seems to bother the boy? A. He struggles to fall asleep. B. He finds it hard to get up early. C. He lacks time for after-school activities. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. How long has Nicki lived in Hainan? A. Two years. B. Ten years. C. Twenty years. 11. How did Nicki react to seeing Li Brocade for the first time? A. She was quite confused. B. She was greatly fascinated. C. She was very encouraged. 12. What did Nicki enjoy doing concerning Li Brocade? A. Searching for it online. B. Reading about it in the books. C. Learning about it from the locals. 13. Why does Nicki post stories about Li Brocade on social media? A. To promote it. B. To collect opinions on it. C. To display her collection. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the company’s method mainly involve? A. Making farming easier. B. Absorbing CO2 from the fields. C. Building carbon-capturing machines. 15. How many teams did the company compete against eventually this year? A. 17. B. 19. C. 21. 16. What does the man say about the company’s method? A. It is easy but effective. B. It is complex and expensive. C. It is innovative but time-consuming. 17. Where are the speakers? A. At a museum. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the helper need to do? A. Teach the kids. B. Take care of animals. C. Do some work with Jomi. 19. What can the helper get from the family? A. A weekly payment. B. Free food and a place to live. C. Discounts on local cultural activities. 20. What kind of person does the family expect? A. Someone who follows strict plans. B. Someone who gets along with others. C. Someone who is quiet but hard-working. 第二部分：阅读理解(共2小节;满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A SARAH DUNANT: IN THE NAME OF THE FAMILY Sarah Dunant is a novelist of the Italian Renaissance. In In the Name of the Family, as in Blood and Beauty, she sweeps away the myths(传说)to bring alive the real Borgia family: passionate, intense, complex and noteworthy, holding up a mirror to the moment of history that shaped them. 7.00 p.m. 6th MARCH Ticket: £8.00 Tel: 01273 464440 PETER WILLCOX: GREENPEACE CAPTAIN Peter Willcox has been a Captain with Greenpeace for over 30 years, making him the most experienced captain in the organization. Captain Willcox estimates he’s sailed over 300,000 miles to virtually every corner of the globe. His new book, Greenpeace Captain, is an adventure story like no other, making headlines worldwide. *8.00 p.m. 14th MARCH Ticket: £8.00 Tel: 01273 464440 * Please note later time than usual VIVIENNE WESTWOOD: GET ALIFE The beauty of Vivienne Westwood’s diary is that it is so fresh and unpredictable. Reading Vivienne’s thoughts, in her own words, is as engaging and inspiring as you would expect from a woman who always says exactly what she believes. Copies of Get a Life on sale on the night 7.30 p.m. 18th NOVEMBER Ticket: £13.50 Tel: 01273 709709 DAVID OLUSOGA: BLACK AND BRITISH In Black and British, award-winning historian and broadcaster David Olusoga offers readers a rich and revealing exploration of the remarkably long relationship between the British Isles and the people of Africa. Drawing on new research, original records, expert accounts and contemporary interviews, Black and British reaches back to the Afro-Romans who arrived in the British Isles in the third century AD. 7.00 p.m.30th NOVEMBER Ticket: £8.00* Tel: 01273 725306 *£4 with student ID 1. What is the focus of In the Name of the Family? A. The literary history of Italy. B. The family life of Sarah Dunant. C. Stories surrounding the Borgia family. D. Myths concerning Captain Willcox. 2. When is the presentation of an adventure story scheduled? A. 7.00 p.m. 6th MARCH. B. 8.00 p.m. 14th MARCH. C. 7.30 p.m. 18th NOVEMBER. D. 7.00 p.m. 30th NOVEMBER. 3. How does the event featuring David Olusoga differ from the others? A. It offers students a discount. B. It takes place later than usual. C. It has a different booking hotline. D. It puts his copies on sale on the night. B Roger Leon grew up the son of immigrants, a welfare receiver, and, perhaps most importantly, a Newark kid with big dreams. Now, as the superintendent (学区总监) of the city’s schools, he leads a district filled with kids who grew up like him. In the district that is majority Latino, Leon is the first ever Latino superintendent. Leon’s story started out like that of many Newark residents. He came to the city from Cuba in the 1960s with his mother, who didn’t speak English and had no family in the country while caring for him and his three elder sisters. Government assistance supported Leon into his young adult life, but his greatest hope lay in education. “My mom taught us that an education was the most important thing that we could receive and achieve,” he says. “It was always about having high expectations for ourselves.” After coming up through the Newark schools and receiving degrees at Rutgers and Montclair State, Leon returned home. He taught fifth grade at Hawkins Street School and coached the championship debate team at Science-Park High School before teaching math at Rafael Hernandez Elementary School. He then quickly rose as head of Dr. William H. Horton School and University High School of Humanities, before serving as school superintendent. Under Leon’s leadership, the board of education launched an ambitious 10-year strategic plan. A greater focus on early childhood, development and education, more teachers and reduced chronic absenteeism (长期缺勤) are the immediate goals, but the ultimate objective is to have graduates return to Newark and contribute to the community. The superintendent says he enjoys frequent communication with students and parents, calling his quarterly meetings with them the most rewarding part of his job. “They enable me to have a quality-control check to assess to what degree we’re actually doing what I’m saying we’re doing,” Leon says. 4. What can we learn about Leon’s childhood? A. He came to Cuba with his family. B. He faced tough immigrant challenges. C. He received little formal education. D. He dreamed of becoming a superintendent. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Leon’s early career development. B. Leon’s later academic success. C. Leon’s style of leadership. D. Leon’s teaching methods. 6. What is the final goal of Leon’s 10-year plan? A. To reduce student absenteeism. B. To increase the number of teachers. C. To encourage graduates to give back. D. To improve early childhood education. 7. Which of the following words best describe Leon? A. Demanding and conservative. B. Humorous and professional. C. Honest and independent. D. Humble and reflective. C Facial recognition software used to study the social behavior of individual Greylag Geese (灰雁) in Europe will soon be used to monitor another rare geese species, the Cape Baren Goose in South Australia. The technology was used to assess how each bird responds to images of themselves, other mates or partners. Researchers found that it could be used to monitor and record endangered wildlife. The program tested each goose face with life size 2D images of members of the Greylag Goose flock. With 97% accuracy, each goose face could be correctly assigned within a photo library containing 6,000 possible matches. “Next, the team placed life-sized photos in a grassy field to see whether geese behave differently to each image, which they did,” says Professor Kleindorfer. It was found that the geese approached the photo of their partners more quickly, gave friendly contact calls and fed for longer. In contrast, when they saw a picture of themselves — a goose they had never seen before — they made angry sounds and took longer to approach food, if they fed at all. The latest findings into visual cues of individuality not only give insights into the birds’ social structure but illustrate how the software to monitor individual faces or body patterns can be monitored using photographs collected in the field — for animal numbers and movements — in conservation efforts “Animal welfare could also be enhanced through the use of photographs in captivity (圈养),” says Dr Colombelli-Negrel. “A photo might reduce the sense of isolation in a social species held in captivity or serve as a ‘soft introduction’ before a new animal is introduced into an enclosure. Perhaps captive individuals in group-living species express reduced anxiety when exposed to a photograph of an unknown and smaller conspecific.” 8. What makes it possible for facial recognition software to monitor animals? A. Its research on animal behaviors. B. Its ability to identify different faces. C. Its photo library of Greylag Geese. D. Its advanced tracking technology. 9. What is probably the geese’s reaction to a picture of themselves? A. Excited. B. Indifferent. C. Aggressive. D. Friendly. 10. What do animal photos do to captive animals? A. Avoid conflicts between them. B. Provide entertainment for them. C. Release their negative emotions. D. Introduce species to them. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. How Endangered Animals Can Be Saved. B. What Difficulties Animal Protection Will Face. C. How Facial Recognition Benefits Animals. D. What Photos Can Boost Animals’ Moods. D Does this describe you? While you are on a call, you are checking your email and texting your friend about where you are meeting for lunch. You would say that you are good at multitasking, right? But that may not be the case. Multitasking is actually a misnomer. People can’t actually do more than one task at a time. Instead, we switch tasks. The real term is “task switching”. Then there comes a question: is task switching really efficient? Each task switch might waste only 1/10th of a second, but if you do a lot of switching in a day, it can add up to a loss of 40% of your productivity. It seems task switching may be efficient on the surface. However, it may actually take more time in the end and involve more errors. A study at Stanford University discovered that heavy multi-taskers — those who often juggle different streams of content performed worse on various cognitive tests than those who preferred to do one thing at a time. Not only did they struggle to filter out irrelevant information, but they also found it more challenging to switch from one task to another, ironically. Therefore, task switching is “expensive”. The only exception is that if you are doing a physical task that you are accomplished in, then you can do that physical task while you are doing a mental task. Then again, maybe there isn’t an exception. In a study by Hyman et al. in 2009, people talking on their cell phones while walking, ran into people more often and didn’t notice what was going on around them. So from now on, you might want to rethink your strategy. Task switching may reduce your productivity. However, working on one task at a time may help you become more productive. It also makes each task more enjoyable. 12. What does “a misnomer” underlined in paragraph 1 mean? A An inaccurate concept B. A misunderstood skill. C. A misguided course. D. An irrelevant term. 13. Why is task switching “expensive”? A. It may make people more tired. B. It may filter lots of relevant details. C. It may cause mental challenges. D. It may lead to bad performance. 14. What is the purpose of the study mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To emphasize multitasking is conditional. B. To prove people can’t do two things well at once. C. To persuade people to stay focused while multitasking. D. To show multitasking impacts one’s ability to communicate. 15. Which book is the text most likely selected from? A. How the Brain Learns? B. The Myth of Multitasking. C. Working Smarter, Not Just Harder. D. Get Productive in a Multi-Task World. 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Scientific literacy refers to the ability to understand, interpret and evaluate scientific information. It enables people to grasp how and why things work the way they do. ____16____ Here are some ways to improve scientific literacy: Fight misinformation Science education is essential to fighting misinformation. ____17____ Without this ability, they’re more likely to take untrue or science illiterate alternatives at face value. This has led to people outright denying the reality of climate change and global warming. Teaching people how to identify reliable information can prevent such misconceptions. ____18____ People are more likely to achieve scientific literacy when they see it has practical value. So show them how an increased understanding of science can boost economic productivity, increase personal well-being, improve professional development, and have a positive general impact on their everyday lives. Specify needed skills. ____19____ To make learning more manageable, it’s important to break these down into smaller, digestible components. For example, show people how to form a hypothesis (假设), conduct an experiment using the scientific method, or read through a science paper and evaluate its truthfulness. Take a wide-angle view. Encourage people to study different scientific fields. For example, someone may have a hard time understanding the scientific processes underlying a life science (like chemistry) but also take to a more physical branch of the field (like earth science). Use their enthusiasm for the latter to inspire them to work harder to understand the former. ____20____ A. Demonstrate real-world benefits. B. Show how to engage with science. C. It also enhances their critical thinking skills. D. Scientific literacy involves a wide range of skills. E. People must learn to check if information sources are true. F. Multiple skills can be presented in a rather innovative way. G. Try different strategies to encourage a love of the field in general. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The moment when modern humans moved from merely surviving to convincingly thriving (繁荣) happened somewhere around 12,000 years ago. This occurred at the same time as the appearance of ____21____. For millions of years leading up to this time early and modern humans alike were____22____with hunting for and gathering food. But once we discovered that we could____23____the growth and reproduction of certain plants and animals, we quickly became farmers and herders. As these practices became widespread,____24____began to form around them. These____25____from villages to towns to cities as food became more ____26____. Within them, the human____27____began to explode,____28____reaching levels where we were unlikely to be____29____by anything less than a global disaster. Cities became the_____30_____of social interaction, idea exchange and technological innovation. The_____31_____ population allowed knowledge and creative expression to thrive, as individuals were able to_____32_____and learn from each other. Over centuries and centuries, the rate of _____33_____has continued to speed up and_____34_____ — from the printing press to the Internet, from surgery to vaccines, from the _____35_____to global air travel.- continue to make our lives longer, safer and more rewarding. 21. A. science B. technology C. agriculture D. medicine 22. A. occupied B. charged C. combined D. supplied 23. A. replace B. control C. value D. cease 24. A. settlements B. treatments C. achievements D. assignments 25. A. benefited B. resulted C. broke D. grew 26. A. private B. plentiful C. necessary D. delicious 27. A. culture B. relationship C. population D. civilization 28. A. repeatedly B. previously C. eventually D. desperately 29. A. wiped out B. thrown away C. put off D. figured out 30. A. debate B. loss C. expense D. focus 31. A. farming B. ballooning C. aging D. moving 32. A. appear B. celebrate C. specialize D. recover 33. A. progress B. investment C. confidence D. independence 34. A. companies B. careers C. demands D. innovations 35. A. satellite B. wheel C. smartphone D. computer 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has adopted a comprehensive approach to wetland protection by building the world’s____36____(large) number of international wetland cities and forming global partnerships. As____37____result, the success of its conservation efforts has benefited both its biodiversity and the health of cross-border ecosystems. This work is visible in both the latest progress and long-term outcomes. China has____38____(recent) added 22 wetlands - including the Genheyuan Wetland in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Jiushan Islands in Zhejiang Province - to its list of sites of national importance,____39____(bring) the total to 80. This expansion, alongside the introduction of China’s first specialized law on wetland protection, marks a significant milestone in its ecological efforts and____40____(reflect) its sustained dedication to conservation. These measures have produced____41____(remark) results. China is now home to 82 wetlands____42____(recognize) as of international importance and 22 international wetland cities. Meanwhile, the country has added or restored more than 1 million hectares of wetlands nationwide. Ultimately, through these actions, China is demonstrating to the world____43____to bring nature back into cities and design new urban areas____44____are better at absorbing rainwater, allowing the natural water cycle _____45_____(function). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定下周的英语课将进行主题为“你参加体育比赛是为了战胜自己还是对手”的辩论赛。请你作为正/反方一辩写一篇发言稿，内容包括： (1)你的观点； (2)陈述原因。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 参考词汇：opponent(对手) As the first speaker, I firmly believe that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny or cloudy, hot or cold, I cannot remember, but I do remember it was a Saturday because the mall was packed with people. I was with my mom. Mom is short and skinny. It is easy to overlook her in a crowd simply because she is nothing extraordinary to see. On that day we walked down the road, taking quick looks at window boutiques (时装店) because we both knew we wouldn’t be buying much, like always. I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore bright and luxury clothing. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I tried to push it out, but once it took root it refused to go. It got more unbearable with every second until I could deny it no longer — I was ashamed of my mother. We were in a high-class neighborhood; I knew that. We lived in a small, overpriced apartment building that Mom chose to move to because she knew the schools there were good. As I looked at the passers-by and then turned accusing eyes on Mom, I realized for the first time that we didn’t belong there. I could see the heavy lines around Mom’s eyes and mouth. She wore cheap, old clothes and shoes with the soles (鞋底) worn down. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet and her hair was too gray for her age. I looked at her, and I was ashamed. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment she stood out because she was just so plain (朴素的). Saying I’d meet her at the clothes outlet (平价店) around the corner, I hurried away to the bathroom. I didn’t want to be seen with her, although there was no one important around to see me anyway. When I finally made my way to the outlet with hesitant steps, I found that Mom wasn’t there. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With no other options, I had to search the other stores in the area for her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I felt like I’d been dropped into a cold lake, facing Mom’s offer — buying me clothes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高2026届第8次适应性训练 高三英语 第一部分：听力(共两节;满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the man do tonight? A. Take some notes. B. Ask the woman for help. C. Review lessons with a group. 2. What is Mike’s grandparents’ attitude toward AI? A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Critical. 3. Why is the meeting rescheduled? A. An incident occurred in Marketing. B. The room is unavailable. C The CEO is occupied. 4. What does the woman mean? A. Alice is hard-working. B. The man deserves a good grade. C. She doesn’t care about the exam results. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A Renting an apartment. B. Doing some shopping. C. Making their budget. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What theme does the movie convey? A. Conquering natural disasters. B. Rescuing endangered species. C. Overcoming fear for the unknown. 7. When does the man plan to get to the cinema? A. At 2:30 pm. B. At 2:40 pm. C. At 3:00 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What seems to bother the boy? A. He struggles to fall asleep. B. He finds it hard to get up early. C. He lacks time for after-school activities. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. How long has Nicki lived in Hainan? A. Two years. B. Ten years. C. Twenty years. 11. How did Nicki react to seeing Li Brocade for the first time? A. She was quite confused. B. She was greatly fascinated. C. She was very encouraged. 12. What did Nicki enjoy doing concerning Li Brocade? A. Searching for it online. B. Reading about it in the books. C. Learning about it from the locals. 13. Why does Nicki post stories about Li Brocade on social media? A. To promote it. B. To collect opinions on it. C. To display her collection. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the company’s method mainly involve? A. Making farming easier. B. Absorbing CO2 from the fields. C. Building carbon-capturing machines. 15. How many teams did the company compete against eventually this year? A. 17. B. 19. C. 21. 16. What does the man say about the company’s method? A. It is easy but effective. B. It is complex and expensive. C. It is innovative but time-consuming. 17. Where are the speakers? A. At a museum. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the helper need to do? A. Teach the kids. B. Take care of animals. C. Do some work with Jomi. 19. What can the helper get from the family? A. A weekly payment. B. Free food and a place to live. C. Discounts on local cultural activities. 20. What kind of person does the family expect? A. Someone who follows strict plans. B. Someone who gets along with others. C. Someone who is quiet but hard-working. 第二部分：阅读理解(共2小节;满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A SARAH DUNANT: IN THE NAME OF THE FAMILY Sarah Dunant is a novelist of the Italian Renaissance. In In the Name of the Family, as in Blood and Beauty, she sweeps away the myths(传说)to bring alive the real Borgia family: passionate, intense, complex and noteworthy, holding up a mirror to the moment of history that shaped them. 7.00 p.m. 6th MARCH Ticket: £8.00 Tel: 01273 464440 PETER WILLCOX: GREENPEACE CAPTAIN Peter Willcox has been a Captain with Greenpeace for over 30 years, making him the most experienced captain in the organization. Captain Willcox estimates he’s sailed over 300,000 miles to virtually every corner of the globe. His new book, Greenpeace Captain, is an adventure story like no other, making headlines worldwide. *8.00 p.m. 14th MARCH Ticket: £8.00 Tel: 01273 464440 * Please note later time than usual VIVIENNE WESTWOOD: GET ALIFE The beauty of Vivienne Westwood’s diary is that it is so fresh and unpredictable. Reading Vivienne’s thoughts, in her own words, is as engaging and inspiring as you would expect from a woman who always says exactly what she believes. Copies of Get a Life on sale on the night 7.30 p.m. 18th NOVEMBER Ticket: £13.50 Tel: 01273 709709 DAVID OLUSOGA: BLACK AND BRITISH In Black and British, award-winning historian and broadcaster David Olusoga offers readers a rich and revealing exploration of the remarkably long relationship between the British Isles and the people of Africa. Drawing on new research, original records, expert accounts and contemporary interviews, Black and British reaches back to the Afro-Romans who arrived in the British Isles in the third century AD. 7.00 p.m.30th NOVEMBER Ticket: £8.00* Tel: 01273 725306 *£4 with student ID 1. What is the focus of In the Name of the Family? A. The literary history of Italy. B. The family life of Sarah Dunant. C. Stories surrounding the Borgia family. D. Myths concerning Captain Willcox. 2. When is the presentation of an adventure story scheduled? A. 7.00 p.m. 6th MARCH. B. 8.00 p.m. 14th MARCH. C. 7.30 p.m. 18th NOVEMBER. D. 7.00 p.m. 30th NOVEMBER. 3. How does the event featuring David Olusoga differ from the others? A. It offers students a discount. B. It takes place later than usual. C. It has a different booking hotline. D. It puts his copies on sale on the night. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个关于阅读的活动，分别是关于Sarah Dunant的小说《In the Name of the Family》、Peter Willcox的新书《Greenpeace Captain》、Vivienne Westwood的日记《Get a Life》以及David Olusoga的讲座《Black and British》的介绍，包括活动时间、地点、票价和联系方式等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据SARAH DUNANT: IN THE NAME OF THE FAMILY 部分中“In In the Name of the Family, as in Blood and Beauty, she sweeps away the myths(传说)to bring alive the real Borgia family: passionate, intense, complex and noteworthy, holding up a mirror to the moment of history that shaped them.(在《In the Name of the Family》和《Blood and Beauty》中，她扫除了传说，使真正的波吉亚家族栩栩如生：热情、强烈、复杂和值得注意，为塑造他们的历史时刻映照出一面镜子。)”可知，这本书的重点是关于波吉亚家族的故事。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据PETER WILLCOX: GREENPEACE CAPTAIN部分中“His new book, Greenpeace Captain, is an adventure story like no other, making headlines worldwide.( 他的新书《Greenpeace Captain》是一本与众不同的冒险故事，登上了世界各地的头条。)”以及“*8.00 p.m. 14th MARCH，Ticket: £8.00(3月14日晚上8点，票价：8英镑)”可知，Peter Willcox的新书介绍的是冒险故事，其演讲安排在3月14日晚上8点。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据DAVID OLUSOGA: BLACK AND BRITISH部分中“*£4 with student ID (凭学生证4英镑)”可知，David Olusoga的活动为学生提供折扣，与其他活动不同。故选A项。 B Roger Leon grew up the son of immigrants, a welfare receiver, and, perhaps most importantly, a Newark kid with big dreams. Now, as the superintendent (学区总监) of the city’s schools, he leads a district filled with kids who grew up like him. In the district that is majority Latino, Leon is the first ever Latino superintendent. Leon’s story started out like that of many Newark residents. He came to the city from Cuba in the 1960s with his mother, who didn’t speak English and had no family in the country while caring for him and his three elder sisters. Government assistance supported Leon into his young adult life, but his greatest hope lay in education. “My mom taught us that an education was the most important thing that we could receive and achieve,” he says. “It was always about having high expectations for ourselves.” After coming up through the Newark schools and receiving degrees at Rutgers and Montclair State, Leon returned home. He taught fifth grade at Hawkins Street School and coached the championship debate team at Science-Park High School before teaching math at Rafael Hernandez Elementary School. He then quickly rose as head of Dr. William H. Horton School and University High School of Humanities, before serving as school superintendent. Under Leon’s leadership, the board of education launched an ambitious 10-year strategic plan. A greater focus on early childhood, development and education, more teachers and reduced chronic absenteeism (长期缺勤) are the immediate goals, but the ultimate objective is to have graduates return to Newark and contribute to the community. The superintendent says he enjoys frequent communication with students and parents, calling his quarterly meetings with them the most rewarding part of his job. “They enable me to have a quality-control check to assess to what degree we’re actually doing what I’m saying we’re doing,” Leon says. 4. What can we learn about Leon’s childhood? A. He came to Cuba with his family. B. He faced tough immigrant challenges. C. He received little formal education. D. He dreamed of becoming a superintendent. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Leon’s early career development. B. Leon’s later academic success. C. Leon’s style of leadership. D. Leon’s teaching methods. 6. What is the final goal of Leon’s 10-year plan? A. To reduce student absenteeism. B. To increase the number of teachers. C. To encourage graduates to give back. D. To improve early childhood education. 7. Which of the following words best describe Leon? A. Demanding and conservative. B. Humorous and professional. C. Honest and independent. D. Humble and reflective. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述移民后代Roger Leon克服困难，凭借教育实现梦想，成为纽瓦克学区首位拉丁裔总监并致力于回报社区的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He came to the city from Cuba in the 1960s with his mother, who didn’t speak English and had no family in the country while caring for him and his three elder sisters. Government assistance supported Leon into his young adult life.(20世纪60年代，他和母亲从古巴来到这座城市，母亲不会说英语，在这个国家也没有家人，却要照顾他和三个姐姐。政府援助一直支持着Leon直到他成年)”可知，Leon的童年面临着移民带来的诸多困难：母亲语言不通、无亲友依靠、依靠政府援助生活，即他面临着严峻的移民挑战。故选B项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“After coming up through the Newark schools and receiving degrees at Rutgers and Montclair State, Leon returned home. He taught fifth grade at Hawkins Street School and coached the championship debate team at Science-Park High School before teaching math at Rafael Hernandez Elementary School. He then quickly rose as head of Dr. William H. Horton School and University High School of Humanities, before serving as school superintendent.(Leon毕业于纽瓦克学校，在罗格斯大学和蒙特克莱尔州立大学获得学位后，回到了家乡。他在霍金斯街学校教五年级，在科学公园高中担任冠军辩论队教练，之后在拉斐尔·埃尔南德斯小学教数学。随后，他迅速晋升为威廉·H·霍顿博士学校和人文大学高中的校长，之后担任学区总监)”可知，该段主要讲述了Leon毕业后从教师逐步晋升为学区总监的早期职业发展历程。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Under Leon’s leadership, the board of education launched an ambitious 10-year strategic plan. A greater focus on early childhood, development and education, more teachers and reduced chronic absenteeism (长期缺勤) are the immediate goals, but the ultimate objective is to have graduates return to Newark and contribute to the community.(在Leon的领导下，教育委员会推出了一项雄心勃勃的10年战略计划。近期目标是更加注重幼儿发展和教育、增加教师数量、减少长期缺勤，但最终目标是让毕业生回到纽瓦克，为社区做出贡献)”可知，Leon的10年计划的最终目标是鼓励毕业生回报社区。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，Leon出身移民家庭，依靠政府援助长大，成名后仍扎根家乡，致力于改善家乡教育，体现了他的谦逊（humble）；根据最后一段中的“the superintendent says he enjoys frequent communication with students and parents, calling his quarterly meetings with them the most rewarding part of his job. “They enable me to have a quality-control check to assess to what degree we’re actually doing what I’m saying we’re doing,”(这位学区总监说，他喜欢与学生和家长频繁沟通，并表示与他们的季度会议是他工作中最有意义的部分。“它们让我能够进行质量控制检查，评估我们实际在多大程度上做到了我所说的我们要做的事情”)”可知，Leon通过与学生和家长沟通来反思工作，体现了他的反思精神。故选D项。 C Facial recognition software used to study the social behavior of individual Greylag Geese (灰雁) in Europe will soon be used to monitor another rare geese species, the Cape Baren Goose in South Australia. The technology was used to assess how each bird responds to images of themselves, other mates or partners. Researchers found that it could be used to monitor and record endangered wildlife. The program tested each goose face with life size 2D images of members of the Greylag Goose flock. With 97% accuracy, each goose face could be correctly assigned within a photo library containing 6,000 possible matches. “Next, the team placed life-sized photos in a grassy field to see whether geese behave differently to each image, which they did,” says Professor Kleindorfer. It was found that the geese approached the photo of their partners more quickly, gave friendly contact calls and fed for longer. In contrast, when they saw a picture of themselves — a goose they had never seen before — they made angry sounds and took longer to approach food, if they fed at all. The latest findings into visual cues of individuality not only give insights into the birds’ social structure but illustrate how the software to monitor individual faces or body patterns can be monitored using photographs collected in the field — for animal numbers and movements — in conservation efforts. “Animal welfare could also be enhanced through the use of photographs in captivity (圈养),” says Dr Colombelli-Negrel. “A photo might reduce the sense of isolation in a social species held in captivity or serve as a ‘soft introduction’ before a new animal is introduced into an enclosure. Perhaps captive individuals in group-living species express reduced anxiety when exposed to a photograph of an unknown and smaller conspecific.” 8. What makes it possible for facial recognition software to monitor animals? A. Its research on animal behaviors. B. Its ability to identify different faces. C. Its photo library of Greylag Geese. D. Its advanced tracking technology. 9. What is probably the geese’s reaction to a picture of themselves? A. Excited. B. Indifferent. C. Aggressive. D. Friendly. 10. What do animal photos do to captive animals? A. Avoid conflicts between them. B. Provide entertainment for them. C. Release their negative emotions. D. Introduce species to them. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. How Endangered Animals Can Be Saved. B. What Difficulties Animal Protection Will Face. C. How Facial Recognition Benefits Animals. D. What Photos Can Boost Animals’ Moods. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部识别软件在监测动物个体行为方面的应用，特别是通过对灰雁的实验研究，展示了该技术在野生动物保护中的潜力。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Facial recognition software used to study the social behavior of individual Greylag Geese (灰雁) in Europe will soon be used to monitor another rare geese species. (用于研究欧洲灰雁个体社会行为的面部识别软件，很快将被用于监测另一种稀有雁类)”以及第二段中“With 97% accuracy, each goose face could be correctly assigned within a photo library containing 6,000 possible matches. (在一个包含6000张可能匹配照片的图库中，每只灰雁的脸都能以97%的准确率被正确识别)”可知，该软件能够识别不同个体的面孔，这使得它可用于监测动物。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In contrast, when they saw a picture of themselves — a goose they had never seen before — they made angry sounds and took longer to approach food, if they fed at all. (相比之下，当它们看到自己的照片——一只它们从未见过的雁——它们会发出愤怒的声音，并且需要更长时间才会靠近食物，如果它们还会进食的话)”可知，灰雁在看到自己照片时的反应是发出愤怒的声音，即表现出攻击性。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A photo might reduce the sense of isolation in a social species held in captivity or serve as a ‘soft introduction’ before a new animal is introduced into an enclosure. Perhaps captive individuals in group-living species express reduced anxiety when exposed to a photograph of an unknown and smaller conspecific. (一张照片可能会减少群居性圈养动物的孤立感，或者在新动物被引入围栏前作为一种“温和的引入”。也许在群居物种中，当圈养个体接触到一张陌生的、较小的同类照片时，它们会表现出更少的焦虑)”可知，动物照片可以减少圈养动物的孤立感和焦虑，即释放它们的负面情绪。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Facial recognition software used to study the social behavior of individual Greylag Geese (灰雁) in Europe will soon be used to monitor another rare geese species, the Cape Baren Goose in South Australia. The technology was used to assess how each bird responds to images of themselves, other mates or partners. Researchers found that it could be used to monitor and record endangered wildlife. (用于研究欧洲灰雁个体社会行为的面部识别软件，很快将被用于监测另一种稀有雁类，即南澳大利亚的 Cape Baren 雁。这项技术被用来评估每只鸟对自身、其他同伴或伴侣图像的反应。研究人员发现，它可以用于监测和记录濒危野生动物。)”以及后文对该技术在研究动物行为和改善圈养动物福利方面应用的介绍可知，本文主要阐述了面部识别技术如何造福动物。故C项“How Facial Recognition Benefits Animals (面部识别如何造福动物)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。 D Does this describe you? While you are on a call, you are checking your email and texting your friend about where you are meeting for lunch. You would say that you are good at multitasking, right? But that may not be the case. Multitasking is actually a misnomer. People can’t actually do more than one task at a time. Instead, we switch tasks. The real term is “task switching”. Then there comes a question: is task switching really efficient? Each task switch might waste only 1/10th of a second, but if you do a lot of switching in a day, it can add up to a loss of 40% of your productivity. It seems task switching may be efficient on the surface. However, it may actually take more time in the end and involve more errors. A study at Stanford University discovered that heavy multi-taskers — those who often juggle different streams of content performed worse on various cognitive tests than those who preferred to do one thing at a time. Not only did they struggle to filter out irrelevant information, but they also found it more challenging to switch from one task to another, ironically. Therefore, task switching is “expensive”. The only exception is that if you are doing a physical task that you are accomplished in, then you can do that physical task while you are doing a mental task. Then again, maybe there isn’t an exception. In a study by Hyman et al. in 2009, people talking on their cell phones while walking, ran into people more often and didn’t notice what was going on around them. So from now on, you might want to rethink your strategy. Task switching may reduce your productivity. However, working on one task at a time may help you become more productive. It also makes each task more enjoyable. 12. What does “a misnomer” underlined in paragraph 1 mean? A. An inaccurate concept B. A misunderstood skill. C. A misguided course. D. An irrelevant term. 13. Why is task switching “expensive”? A. It may make people more tired. B. It may filter lots of relevant details. C. It may cause mental challenges. D. It may lead to bad performance. 14. What is the purpose of the study mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To emphasize multitasking is conditional. B. To prove people can’t do two things well at once. C. To persuade people to stay focused while multitasking. D. To show multitasking impacts one’s ability to communicate. 15. Which book is the text most likely selected from? A. How the Brain Learns? B. The Myth of Multitasking. C. Working Smarter, Not Just Harder. D. Get Productive in a Multi-Task World. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要反驳“多任务处理”的误区，指出其本质是任务切换，并说明任务切换的弊端及高效工作的建议。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Multitasking is actually a misnomer. People can’t actually do more than one task at a time. Instead, we switch tasks. The real term is “task switching”.(“多任务处理”实际上是一个misnomer。人们实际上不能同时做不止一项任务。相反，我们是在切换任务。真正的术语是“任务切换”)”可知，人们普遍认为的“多任务处理”并不是真正意义上的同时做多个任务，这个术语本身并不准确，由此猜测misnomer意为“不准确的概念”。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A study at Stanford University discovered that heavy multi-taskers — those who often juggle different streams of content performed worse on various cognitive tests than those who preferred to do one thing at a time. Not only did they struggle to filter out irrelevant information, but they also found it more challenging to switch from one task to another, ironically. Therefore, task switching is “expensive”.(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，重度多任务处理者——那些经常同时处理不同内容的人，在各种认知测试中的表现比那些喜欢一次只做一件事的人更差。具有讽刺意味的是，他们不仅难以过滤掉不相关的信息，而且发现从一项任务切换到另一项任务也更具挑战性。因此，任务切换是“代价高昂的”)”可知，任务切换“代价高昂”是因为它会导致人们在认知测试中表现不佳，还会带来过滤信息、切换任务的困难，即会导致不良表现。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The only exception is that if you are doing a physical task that you are accomplished in, then you can do that physical task while you are doing a mental task. Then again, maybe there isn’t an exception. In a study by Hyman et al. in 2009, people talking on their cell phones while walking, ran into people more often and didn’t notice what was going on around them.(唯一的例外是，如果你正在做一项你熟练掌握的体力任务，那么你可以在做脑力任务的同时做这项体力任务。话又说回来，也许根本没有例外。在海曼等人2009年的一项研究中，人们一边走路一边打电话，更容易撞到人，也注意不到周围发生的事情)”可知，前文提到“体力任务+脑力任务”可能是例外，而这项研究表明，即使是走路（体力任务）+打电话（脑力任务），也会出现问题，由此可推断，这项研究的目的是证明人们不能同时把两件事做好。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中的“Multitasking is actually a misnomer. People can’t actually do more than one task at a time. Instead, we switch tasks. The real term is “task switching”.(“多任务处理”实际上是一个不准确的概念。人们实际上不能同时做不止一项任务。相反，我们是在切换任务。真正的术语是“任务切换”)”可知，文章开篇提出“多任务处理”的误区，指出其本质是“任务切换”，随后通过研究说明任务切换的弊端——降低效率、导致不良表现，最后建议人们一次只做一件事。全文核心围绕“多任务处理并非人们认为的那样高效，反而有诸多弊端”展开，即反驳“多任务处理”的错误认知，因此这篇文章最有可能选自《多任务处理的误区》。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Scientific literacy refers to the ability to understand, interpret and evaluate scientific information. It enables people to grasp how and why things work the way they do. ____16____ Here are some ways to improve scientific literacy: Fight misinformation. Science education is essential to fighting misinformation. ____17____ Without this ability, they’re more likely to take untrue or science illiterate alternatives at face value. This has led to people outright denying the reality of climate change and global warming. Teaching people how to identify reliable information can prevent such misconceptions. ____18____ People are more likely to achieve scientific literacy when they see it has practical value. So show them how an increased understanding of science can boost economic productivity, increase personal well-being, improve professional development, and have a positive general impact on their everyday lives. Specify needed skills ____19____ To make learning more manageable, it’s important to break these down into smaller, digestible components. For example, show people how to form a hypothesis (假设), conduct an experiment using the scientific method, or read through a science paper and evaluate its truthfulness. Take a wide-angle view. Encourage people to study different scientific fields. For example, someone may have a hard time understanding the scientific processes underlying a life science (like chemistry) but also take to a more physical branch of the field (like earth science). Use their enthusiasm for the latter to inspire them to work harder to understand the former. ____20____ A. Demonstrate real-world benefits. B Show how to engage with science. C. It also enhances their critical thinking skills. D. Scientific literacy involves a wide range of skills. E. People must learn to check if information sources are true. F. Multiple skills can be presented in a rather innovative way. G. Try different strategies to encourage a love of the field in general. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学素养的定义及其重要性，并提出了提升科学素养的四种方法：对抗错误信息、展示实际价值、分解所需技能和拓宽学科视野。 【16题详解】 上文“Scientific literacy refers to the ability to understand, interpret and evaluate scientific information. It enables people to grasp how and why things work the way they do. (科学素养是指理解、阐释和评估科学信息的能力。它使人们能够掌握事物运作的方式及其原因)”对科学素养下了定义并说明了其基本功能。C选项“It also enhances their critical thinking skills. (它还能提升人们的批判性思维能力)”承接上文，用“also”进一步补充科学素养的另一项重要功能，使对科学素养价值的阐述更加完整。下文“Here are some ways to improve scientific literacy: (以下是一些提升科学素养的方法)”则自然过渡到具体方法的介绍。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Science education is essential to fighting misinformation. (科学教育对于对抗错误信息至关重要)”提出科学教育的核心作用。E选项“People must learn to check if information sources are true. (人们必须学会核查信息来源的真实性)”指出了上文“科学教育对于对抗错误信息至关重要”所应培养的具体能力，即核查信息来源。下文“Without this ability, they’re more likely to take untrue or science illiterate alternatives at face value. (没有这种能力，人们更容易轻信虚假或缺乏科学依据的说法)”则从反面说明缺乏该能力的后果，与E选项形成“正面能力—反面后果”的逻辑呼应。故选E项。 【18题详解】 下文“People are more likely to achieve scientific literacy when they see it has practical value. So show them how an increased understanding of science can boost economic productivity, increase personal well-being, improve professional development, and have a positive general impact on their everyday lives. (当人们看到科学素养具有实际价值时，他们更有可能真正掌握它。因此，要向人们展示加深对科学的理解如何能提高经济生产力、增进个人福祉、促进职业发展，并对他们的日常生活产生普遍的积极影响)”整段都在阐述展示科学素养实际价值的重要性及其具体方式。A选项“Demonstrate real-world benefits. (展示现实世界中的益处)”作为本段小标题，精准概括了下文的核心内容，即通过展示科学在现实生活中的实际好处来提升人们的科学素养。故选A项。 【19题详解】 下文“To make learning more manageable, it’s important to break these down into smaller, digestible components. For example, show people how to form a hypothesis (假设), conduct an experiment using the scientific method, or read through a science paper and evaluate its truthfulness. (为了让学习更易掌控，将这些技能分解成更小、更易于理解的部分很重要。例如，向人们展示如何形成假设、如何用科学方法进行实验，或者如何通读科学论文并评估其真实性)”提出了将技能分解学习的策略，并举例说明了具体的科学技能。D选项“Scientific literacy involves a wide range of skills. (科学素养涉及广泛的技能)”作为本段首句，承接上文小标题“Specify needed skills (明确所需技能)”，指出科学素养涵盖的技能范围之广，从而解释了为何需要下文所述的“分解成更小部分”的学习策略。故选D项。 【20题详解】 上文“Encourage people to study different scientific fields. For example, someone may have a hard time understanding the scientific processes underlying a life science (like chemistry) but also take to a more physical branch of the field (like earth science). Use their enthusiasm for the latter to inspire them to work harder to understand the former. (鼓励人们学习不同的科学领域。例如，有人可能很难理解生命科学(如化学)背后的科学过程，但却对更偏物理的学科分支(如地球科学)感兴趣。利用他们对后者的热情来激励他们更努力地去理解前者)”提出了通过跨学科学习、利用兴趣迁移来培养科学素养的策略。G选项“Try different strategies to encourage a love of the field in general. (尝试不同的策略来激发对整个科学领域的热爱)”承接上文，对上述具体策略进行总结升华，指出其根本目的是激发对科学领域整体的热爱，使段落论述完整。故选G项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The moment when modern humans moved from merely surviving to convincingly thriving (繁荣) happened somewhere around 12,000 years ago. This occurred at the same time as the appearance of ____21____. For millions of years leading up to this time, early and modern humans alike were____22____with hunting for and gathering food. But once we discovered that we could____23____the growth and reproduction of certain plants and animals, we quickly became farmers and herders. As these practices became widespread,____24____began to form around them. These____25____from villages to towns to cities as food became more ____26____. Within them, the human____27____began to explode,____28____reaching levels where we were unlikely to be____29____by anything less than a global disaster. Cities became the_____30_____of social interaction, idea exchange and technological innovation. The_____31_____ population allowed knowledge and creative expression to thrive, as individuals were able to_____32_____and learn from each other. Over centuries and centuries, the rate of _____33_____has continued to speed up and_____34_____ — from the printing press to the Internet, from surgery to vaccines, from the _____35_____to global air travel.- continue to make our lives longer, safer and more rewarding. 21. A. science B. technology C. agriculture D. medicine 22. A. occupied B. charged C. combined D. supplied 23. A. replace B. control C. value D. cease 24. A. settlements B. treatments C. achievements D. assignments 25. A. benefited B. resulted C. broke D. grew 26. A. private B. plentiful C. necessary D. delicious 27. A. culture B. relationship C. population D. civilization 28. A. repeatedly B. previously C. eventually D. desperately 29. A. wiped out B. thrown away C. put off D. figured out 30. A. debate B. loss C. expense D. focus 31 A. farming B. ballooning C. aging D. moving 32. A. appear B. celebrate C. specialize D. recover 33. A. progress B. investment C. confidence D. independence 34. A. companies B. careers C. demands D. innovations 35. A. satellite B. wheel C. smartphone D. computer 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大约12000年前人类从勉强生存走向繁荣，这一转变与农业的出现同步。从那时起，人类开始控制动植物生长繁衍，形成聚居地，随着食物增多，聚居地发展，人口增长，城市成为各种交流和创新的焦点，几个世纪以来，科技创新不断加速，持续改善人类生活。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一转变发生的同时，农业也出现了。A. science科学；B. technology技术；C. agriculture农业；D. medicine医学。根据后文“we quickly became farmers and herders”可知，人类变成农民和牧民，农业出现了。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这之前的数百万年里，早期人类和现代人类一样，都忙于狩猎和采集食物。A. occupied占用，使忙于；B. charged收费，指控；C. combined结合；D. supplied供应。根据后文“hunting for and gathering food.”可知，人类一直忙于狩猎和采集食物。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一旦我们发现可以控制某些植物和动物的生长与繁殖，我们很快就成为了农民和牧民。A. replace取代；B. control控制；C. value重视；D. cease停止。根据后文“we quickly became farmers and herders.”可知，人类成为农民和牧民，是因为能控制动植物生长繁殖，control符合语境，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着这些做法的普及，聚居地开始围绕它们形成。A. settlements聚居地；B. treatments治疗；C. achievements成就；D. assignments任务。根据后文“rom villages to towns to cities”从村庄到城镇再到城市，这是聚居地的形成，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着食物变得更加丰富，这些聚居地从村庄发展到城镇再到城市。A. benefited受益；B. resulted导致；C. broke打破；D. grew发展，增长。根据后文“from villages to towns to cities”可知，这里指聚居地规模的发展，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着食物变得更加丰富，这些聚居地从村庄发展到城镇再到城市。A. private私人的；B. plentiful丰富的；C. necessary必要的；D. delicious美味的。根据前文“food”以及“from villages to towns to cities”可知，聚居地发展是因为食物丰富，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些聚居地内，人类人口开始激增，最终达到了除非发生全球性灾难否则不太可能被灭绝的程度。A. culture文化；B. relationship关系；C. population人口；D. civilization文明。根据后文“explode”以及后文“reaching levels where we were unlikely to be_____ by anything less than a global disaster”可知,是人口激增，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这些聚居地内，人类人口开始激增，最终达到了除非发生全球性灾难否则不太可能被灭绝的程度。A. repeatedly反复地；B. previously以前；C. eventually最终；D. desperately绝望地。根据前文“Within them, the human_____ began to explode,”以及后文“reaching levels where we were unlikely to be____ by anything less than a global disaster.”可知，这里表示人口增长最终达到的程度，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这些聚居地内，人类人口开始激增，最终达到了除非发生全球性灾难否则不太可能被灭绝的程度。A. wiped out消灭，灭绝；B. thrown away扔掉；C. put off推迟；D. figured out弄明白。根据后文“by anything less than a global disaster.”可知，这里指人口多到除非全球灾难否则不会灭绝，wiped out符合语境，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：城市成为了社会互动、思想交流和技术创新的焦点。A. debate辩论；B. loss损失；C. expense费用；D. focus焦点。根据前文“Cities”以及后文“social interaction, idea exchange and technological innovation”可知，城市是各种活动的焦点，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不断膨胀的人口使得知识和创造性表达得以繁荣发展，因为人们能够相互专业化并相互学习。A. farming农业的；B. ballooning不断膨胀的；C. aging老龄化的；D. moving移动的。根据前文“Within them, the human____ began to explode”可知，前文提到人口激增，这里指不断膨胀的人口，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不断膨胀的人口使得知识和创造性表达得以繁荣发展，因为人们能够相互专业化并相互学习。A. appear出现；B. celebrate庆祝；C. specialize专门从事，专业化；D. recover恢复。根据后文“learn from each other.”可知，人们相互学习，在不同领域专业化，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：历经无数个世纪，进步的速度不断加快，而创新 —— 从印刷机到互联网，从外科手术到疫苗，从车轮到全球航空旅行 ——持续让我们的生命更长寿、更安全、更有价值。A. progress进步；B. investment投资；C. confidence信心；D. independence独立。根据后文“from the printing press to the Internet, from surgery to vaccines”可知，后文列举的印刷机、互联网等都是进步的体现，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：历经无数个世纪，进步的速度不断加快，而创新 —— 从印刷机到互联网，从外科手术到疫苗，从车轮到全球航空旅行 ——持续让我们的生命更长寿、更安全、更有价值。A. companies公司；B. careers职业；C. demands需求；D. innovations创新。根据后文“from the printing press to the Internet”可知，印刷机、互联网等都属于创新，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：历经无数个世纪，进步的速度不断加快，而创新 —— 从印刷机到互联网，从外科手术到疫苗，从车轮到全球航空旅行 ——持续让我们的生命更长寿、更安全、更有价值。A. satellite卫星；B. wheel轮子；C. smartphone智能手机；D. computer计算机。根据历史发展顺序看，轮子出现时间较早，与后文航空旅行等发展过程相呼应，故选B。 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has adopted a comprehensive approach to wetland protection by building the world’s____36____(large) number of international wetland cities and forming global partnerships. As____37____result, the success of its conservation efforts has benefited both its biodiversity and the health of cross-border ecosystems. This work is visible in both the latest progress and long-term outcomes. China has____38____(recent) added 22 wetlands - including the Genheyuan Wetland in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Jiushan Islands in Zhejiang Province - to its list of sites of national importance,____39____(bring) the total to 80. This expansion, alongside the introduction of China’s first specialized law on wetland protection, marks a significant milestone in its ecological efforts and____40____(reflect) its sustained dedication to conservation. These measures have produced____41____(remark) results. China is now home to 82 wetlands____42____(recognize) as of international importance and 22 international wetland cities. Meanwhile, the country has added or restored more than 1 million hectares of wetlands nationwide. Ultimately, through these actions, China is demonstrating to the world____43____to bring nature back into cities and design new urban areas____44____are better at absorbing rainwater, allowing the natural water cycle _____45_____(function). 【答案】36. largest 37. a 38. recently 39. bringing 40. reflects 41. remarkable 42. recognized 43. how 44. that##which 45. to function 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国在湿地保护方面采取的综合措施、取得的成果以及对全球生态保护的示范意义。 【36题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国通过建设世界上数量最多的国际湿地城市并建立全球合作关系，对湿地保护采取了全面的方法。根据空前的the及语境可知，此处表示“数量最多”，应用形容词large的最高级形式largest。故填largest。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：因此，其保护工作的成功既有利于生物多样性，也有利于跨境生态系统的健康。as a result为固定短语，意为“因此，结果”。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国最近又将22处湿地——包括内蒙古自治区的根河源湿地和浙江省的韭山列岛——列入国家重要湿地名录，使总数达到80处。此处修饰动词added，应用副词recently，意为“最近”。故填recently。 39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国最近又将22处湿地——包括内蒙古自治区的根河源湿地和浙江省的韭山列岛——列入国家重要湿地名录，使总数达到80处。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面整个句子的内容与bring之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词bringing，表示自然而然的结果。故填bringing。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这次扩张，连同中国首部湿地保护专门法律的出台，标志着其生态保护工作的一个重要里程碑，也反映了其对保护工作的持续投入。此处与marks并列作谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语This expansion为第三人称单数，所以动词用第三人称单数形式reflects。故填reflects。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些措施已经产生了显著的效果。此处修饰名词results，应用形容词remarkable，意为“显著的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国目前拥有82处被认定为具有国际重要意义的湿地和22个国际湿地城市。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，wetlands与recognize之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词recognized，表示“被认定的”。故填recognized。 【43题详解】 考查特殊疑问词+不定式。句意：最终，通过这些行动，中国正在向世界展示如何将自然带回城市，并设计出更善于吸收雨水的新城区，让自然水循环得以发挥作用。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处表示“如何”，应用特殊疑问词how与后面的动词不定式构成“how to do”结构，作demonstrating的宾语。故填how。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最终，通过这些行动，中国正在向世界展示如何将自然带回城市，并设计出更善于吸收雨水的新城区，让自然水循环得以发挥作用。此处为定语从句修饰先行词new urban areas，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最终，通过这些行动，中国正在向世界展示如何将自然带回城市，并设计出更善于吸收雨水的新城区，让自然水循环得以发挥作用。allow sb./sth. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to function。故填to function。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定下周的英语课将进行主题为“你参加体育比赛是为了战胜自己还是对手”的辩论赛。请你作为正/反方一辩写一篇发言稿，内容包括： (1)你的观点； (2)陈述原因。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 参考词汇：opponent(对手) As the first speaker, I firmly believe that ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【参考范文】 As the first speaker, I firmly believe that we participate in sports competitions primarily to challenge and overcome ourselves, rather than just to defeat opponents. Firstly, focusing on self-improvement allows us to build resilience and achieve personal growth. By setting and surpassing our own goals, we develop strength and character. Secondly, this mindset fosters a healthier attitude toward competition, where effort and progress are valued over mere victory. It reduces undue pressure and enhances the joy of sports. Ultimately, true success lies in surpassing our own limits, which brings lasting fulfillment and motivation to keep improving. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生未下周英语课将进行的主题为“你参加体育比赛是为了战胜自己还是对手”的辩论赛写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→get involved in 个人的：personal→individual 超越：surpass→transcend 在于：lie in→consist in 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：As the first speaker, I firmly believe that we participate in sports competitions primarily to challenge and overcome ourselves, rather than just to defeat opponents. 拓展句：As the first speaker, I have a firm belief that we participate in sports competitions primarily to challenge and overcome ourselves, rather than just to defeat opponents. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As the first speaker, I firmly believe that we participate in sports competitions primarily to challenge and overcome ourselves, rather than just to defeat opponents.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Secondly, this mindset fosters a healthier attitude toward competition, where effort and progress are valued over mere victory.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny or cloudy, hot or cold, I cannot remember, but I do remember it was a Saturday because the mall was packed with people. I was with my mom. Mom is short and skinny. It is easy to overlook her in a crowd simply because she is nothing extraordinary to see. On that day we walked down the road, taking quick looks at window boutiques (时装店) because we both knew we wouldn’t be buying much, like always. I remember I was looking up at the people we passed as we walked. Ladies wore bright and luxury clothing. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I tried to push it out, but once it took root it refused to go. It got more unbearable with every second until I could deny it no longer — I was ashamed of my mother. We were in a high-class neighborhood; I knew that. We lived in a small, overpriced apartment building that Mom chose to move to because she knew the schools there were good. As I looked at the passers-by and then turned accusing eyes on Mom, I realized for the first time that we didn’t belong there. I could see the heavy lines around Mom’s eyes and mouth. She wore cheap, old clothes and shoes with the soles (鞋底) worn down. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make ends meet and her hair was too gray for her age. I looked at her, and I was ashamed. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment she stood out because she was just so plain (朴素的). Saying I’d meet her at the clothes outlet (平价店) around the corner, I hurried away to the bathroom. I didn’t want to be seen with her, although there was no one important around to see me anyway. When I finally made my way to the outlet with hesitant steps, I found that Mom wasn’t there. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With no other options, I had to search the other stores in the area for her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I felt like I’d been dropped into a cold lake, facing Mom’s offer — buying me clothes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 With no other options, I had to search the other stores in the area for her. I was fearing to return to her side, already feeling the second hand embarrassment of being with her. I couldn’t have been more wrong. Mom was standing in the middle of a high-end store, holding a sweater that looked much too expensive. She said, “This will look good on you. Do you want it?” And I almost agreed, carelessly and thoughtlessly. Then I took a closer look at the small, weary woman with a big smile stretching across her narrow face and a sweater in her hands, happy to be giving me something so nice, and my words died in my throat. I felt like I’d been dropped into a cold lake, facing Mom’s offer — buying me clothes. Her clothes were old because she spent her money buying me new ones. She looked so tired and unattractive all the time because she was busy working to provide for me. Suddenly, Mom was beautiful and extraordinary in my eyes. I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself. At that moment, I made a promise to appreciate my mom for who she was. “Do you want it?” Mom repeated. “No, thanks.” I replied firmly. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一个拥挤的周六，作者和朴素平凡的母亲逛高档街区，因母亲穿着普通、外表不起眼而感到羞愧，甚至不愿和她同行。后来发现母亲想为自己买昂贵毛衣，才明白母亲的辛苦与深爱，内心充满愧疚，从此懂得珍惜与感恩。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“由于别无选择，我只好去附近的其他商店寻找她”可知，第一段可描写作者发现母亲想为自己买昂贵毛衣，才明白母亲的辛苦与深爱。 ②由第二段首句内容“我感觉自己仿佛掉进了冰冷的湖水里，面对着妈妈的提议——给我买衣服”可知，第二段可描写作者内心充满愧疚，从此懂得珍惜与感恩。 2.续写线索：寻找母亲——想为自己买昂贵毛衣——明白母亲辛苦——内心愧疚——懂得珍惜和感恩 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想要：want/desire ②购买：buy/purchase ③回答：reply/respond 情绪类 ①疲惫：tired/exhausted ②快乐：happy/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1] I was fearing to return to her side, already feeling the second hand embarrassment of being with her.（运用了现在分词作状语，动名词作宾语） [高分句型2] She looked so tired and unattractive all the time because she was busy working to provide for me.（运用了because引导原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $