精品解析：浙江省杭州第十四中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末阶段性测试高二年级英语学科试题

杭十四中二〇二五学年第一学期期末阶段性测试 高二年级英语学科试卷 考生注意： 1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟，试卷共8页。 2. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑； 非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is the woman’s concern about planting bamboo? A. It will attract many birds. B. It is expensive to maintain. C. It might grow out of control. 2. How much should the man pay? A. $4. B. $6. C. $10. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Tailor and client. C. Colleagues. 4. Which day is the woman’s final working day in the company? A. Next Monday. B. This Friday. C. This weekend. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The development of the market. B. The difficulties in management. C The keys to a company’s success. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why does the woman make a phone call? A. To arrange a meeting. B. To interview the salesperson. C. To apply for a job. 7. Who will provide the woman with more information? A. Mr. Burton. B. Mr. Burton’s secretary. C. The man. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What did the woman do last Saturday? A. She bought her first car. B. She went for a test drive. C. She took a driving lesson. 9. Why will the woman invite Joseph with her? A. He wants to buy a car. B. He wants to be a car dealer. C. He knows about sales skills. 10. How will the woman pay for her new car? A. Full payment. B. Loan payment. C. Unclear. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What’s wrong with the woman? A. She has a running nose. B. She has chest pain. C. She has a heartache. 12. What does the man arrange for the woman? A. An online consultation. B. An urgent surgery. C. A medical test. 13. What did the woman plan to do tonight? A. She would have a big meal. B. She would have an appointment. C. She would visit an attraction. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the problem Mary is facing? A. How to present the topic in an interesting way B. How to build better relationships with students. C. How to effectively teach students. 15. Why is Professor J. K. Simmons popular among students? A. His book is a bestseller. B. He has creative teaching methods. C. He is an expert in teaching. 16. What learning approach does Mr. Carter suggest Mary try? A. Developing learning by reading the book. B. Focusing on personal study skills. C. Organizing students to do research in groups. 17. What does Professor J. K. Simmons’ book center on? A. Student cooperation and individual growth. B. Guidance for classroom management. C. Relationships between teachers and students. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. How many subjects were involved in the study? A. 40. B. 20. C. 10. 19. What does Dr. Zee suggest people do? A. Reduce the use of sleep medicine. B Sleep with lights off. C. Sleep with open curtains. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. The influence of light on sleep. B. The benefits of good sleep. C. The effects of lack of sleep. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A visit to Antarctica is much more than a holiday. Remote and undamaged, any journey there is a unique adventure you’ll find nowhere else on earth. As you cruise in style aboard Discovery, you will gaze upon majestic, icy peaks, giant icebergs and diverse wildlife that includes whales, seals, penguins and birds. You will sail through glassy bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica’s shores and volcanic beaches. On all cruises, you will get as close to nature as you would on smaller ships, while enjoying a higher class of Discovery’s 4-star comforts. Exciting cruises aboard Discovery No single supplement on cabins Voyage to Antarctica 20 Days, departing 16 November 2023 From Lisbon across the Atlantic Ocean to Buenos Aires with stops in exotic settings like Funchal, Rio de Janeiro and Ushuaia Now from £3575 Antarctica, Chile &Patagonia 18 Days, departing 16 December 2023 From Buenos Aires sail to Antarctica and depart the ship in Santiago Now from£3145 Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires Cape to Cape 23 Days, departing 7 February 2023 Leave from Buenos Aires and sail around Cape Horn, visit Antarctica and make your way to Cape Town, South Africa Now from£2995 What’s included: ●All meals, entertainment and tips on board. Return flights to /from UK. Overseas transfers between airports, hotels and ship. Hotel stays in Buenos Aires and Santiago. Informative lecture programme, Landings ashore and small boat sightseeing. ●PLUS—Save an extra £500 per couple on early bookings before September 2023. The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica’s fragile ecosystem. Lectures given by Dr. Peter Carey and his team will bring Antarctica to life. They will accompany you on your landings ashore and on small boat field trips （depending on ice and weather conditions）. 1. What activity is included on Discovery cruises? A. Camping on the volcanic beaches. B. Interacting with seals and penguins if possible. C. Swimming through the waters filled with icebergs. D. Setting foot on Antarctica’s shores if the weather allows. 2. Which month’s cruise plan offers the possibility of sailing in the opposite way? A. February. B. December. C. November. D. September. 3. A major focus of Discovery cruises is ______. A. extending luxury hotel stays B. small boat sightseeing and landing ashore C. learning about the environment of Antarctica D. providing free meals and entertainment on board 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了南极旅行的独特魅力，提供了多种旅行线路和包含的服务，并强调了旅行的教育意义，旨在吸引游客体验这一非凡的冒险。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As you cruise in style aboard Discovery, you will gaze upon majestic, icy peaks, giant icebergs and diverse wildlife that includes whales, seals, penguins and birds. You will sail through glassy bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica’s shores and volcanic beaches.(当你乘坐“发现号”豪华游轮时，你会看到雄伟的冰峰、巨大的冰山和各种各样的野生动物，包括鲸鱼、海豹、企鹅和鸟类。您将乘船穿过玻璃般的海湾，如果天气允许，您将有机会踏上南极洲的海岸和火山海滩。)”可知，，在Discovery游轮上的一项活动是如果天气允许，可以踏上南极的海岸。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Antarctica, Chile &Patagonia部分中的“Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires(注意：从圣地亚哥到布宜诺斯艾利斯的一些航线可能是相反的)”以及“18 Days, departing 16 December 2023(18天，2023年12月16日启程)”，可知，2023年12月16日启程的航行计划中的一些航线可能采用相反的航行方向。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica’s fragile ecosystem.(游轮的首要任务是让您有机会了解南极洲脆弱的生态系统。)”可知，Discovery游轮旅行的首要重点是为你提供了解南极脆弱生态系统的机会。因此，Discovery游轮旅行的一个主要焦点是学习南极的环境。故选C。 B “Your mother needs a new heart,” my father told me when I called on that December afternoon. An unrelenting optimist, he spoke as if she merely needed to have a part replaced. But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief. Dr. Marc Semigran of the transplant team reviewed my mother’s medical history. She’d had an irregular and rapid heartbeat for most of her life. Her present treatment — the use of a series of cardioversions, or electric jolts, to restore a normal heartbeat — would not work in the long-term. She had an enlarged and weakened heart, as well as a faulty valve. “With medication,” Dr. Semigran said, “you have a 60 percent chance of living six months. You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. You’re at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing.” My family came together, trying to provide strength and work out what to do. We’d already gone from shock, over our mother’s condition, to worry that she wouldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually. Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support. One Monday in May, at about 8 p.m., my mother received a phone call from the hospital that a heart was available. As she was about to be wheeled off, my father took her face in his hands and looked into her eyes. His look said everything about their 42-year relationship. The heart transplant operation was successful and the conditions could not have been better. The irony of the transplant process is that one family’s loss is another’s gain. It is a kind of life after death, our hearts beating beyond us. We developed a feeling of love for this new part, of gratitude for the doctors, for the process, and for those people who made a decision just for humanity. 4. Why was the family shocked despite knowing their mother’s heart problems? A. They feared the cost of the surgery. B. They didn’t expect the heart transplant. C. They were doubtful about the diagnosis. D. They were unaware of her medical history. 5. What risk did Dr. Semigran emphasize about the heart transplant? A. The complexity of the surgery itself. B. The possibility of better medication. C. The shortage of available donor hearts. D. The mother’s age and physical condition. 6. Why did the family decide to support the heart transplant? A. The doctor guaranteed a successful outcome. B. The mother insisted on having the procedure. C. They believed in her chances despite the risks. D. They received financial assistance for the surgery. 7. What does the word “irony” in the final paragraph most likely refer to? A. The simplicity of the transplant procedure. B. The unforeseen availability of a donor heart. C. A tragic event leading to another family’s hope. D. The mother’s rapid recovery after the operation. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者母亲接受心脏移植手术的过程，以及家庭成员在面对这一重大事件时的情感反应和决策过程，展现了家庭的爱与支持，以及医疗团队的专业与努力。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief.(然而，尽管我和两个姐姐都知道妈妈有心脏问题，但这个消息还是让我们一时愣住了，眼睛瞪得大大的，满是难以置信)”可知，虽然家人知道母亲有心脏问题，但没想到需要心脏移植，所以感到震惊。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““With medication,” Dr. Semigran said, “you have a 60 percent chance of living six months. You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. You’re at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing.”(Semigran医生说：“如果靠药物治疗，你有60%的几率能活六个月。如果进行心脏移植，你可能会活得更久，但也存在风险。你已经60岁了，处于这个年龄组的上限。肺部和其他器官必须健康且强壮。虽然心脏移植手术本身其实是一个相对简单直接的过程，但让身体接受新心脏才是困难的部分。”)”可知，医生强调母亲已经60岁，处于年龄组上限，且肺部和其他器官必须健康强壮，指出了母亲的年龄和身体状况是心脏移植的风险，所以Semigran医生强调的心脏移植的风险是母亲的年龄和身体状况。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“My family came together, trying to provide strength and work out what to do. We’d already gone from shock, over our mother’s condition, to worry that she wouldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually.(我们一家人聚在一起，努力相互鼓劲，并商量该怎么办。我们的情绪已经从得知妈妈病情时的震惊，转变为担心她可能不是一个合适的心脏移植受者。尽管存在风险，我们还是选择相信她最终会挺过去)”可知，尽管知道有风险，家人还是选择相信母亲最终会成功，所以决定支持心脏移植。故选C。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The irony of the transplant process is that one family’s loss is another’s gain. It is a kind of life after death, our hearts beating beyond us.(器官移植过程的irony在于，一个家庭的失去却是另一个家庭的获得。这就像是一种死后的生命延续，我们的心脏在我们身体里跳动，而这份生命的馈赠却来自他人。)”可知，“irony”指的是在移植过程中，一个家庭因亲人去世（这是个悲剧事件）而捐赠心脏，使得另一个家庭（接受移植的家庭）获得了希望，能够重获新生。因此，“irony”最有可能指的是一个悲剧事件带来了另一个家庭的希望。故选C。 C Just as a hungry brain craves (渴望) food, a lonely brain craves people. A new brain study demonstrates this. After being left alone, it shows people’s brains would be activated at the sight of other people. The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food. Livia Tomova, a neuroscientist, who studies how the brain produces mental activities, and her colleagues began this study. They recruited 40 people. On one day, the participants had to fast — not eat anything at all — for 10 hours. On another day, the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours. They couldn’t see anyone. No friends, no family and no social media. They weren’t even allowed to check their email. After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region. At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. The midbrain plays an important part in people’s motivation to seek food or friends. In fact, it responds to food and social signals even when people aren’t hungry or lonely. But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people’s responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain. Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience. 8. How does Tomova test out the result of the study? A. By stimulating desire. B. By controlling blood flow. C. By monitoring brain activity. D. By examining mental activities. 9. What do we know about midbrain? A. It consists of two areas. B. it helps motivate desire for food. C. It stops working when people are full. D. It decreases responses to lost friends. 10. What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A midbrain area. B. A social activity. C. A volunteer. D. A hamburger. 11. According to the study, what similarity is found between hunger and loneliness? A. They both reduce dopamine production in the midbrain. B. They can be relieved equally by viewing pictures of food. C. They cause the brain to respond more strongly to what is missed. D. They lead to decreased interest in social activities. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项神经科学研究，该研究通过脑部扫描发现，人在饥饿时看到食物和人在孤独时看到社交活动，大脑中相同的区域（中脑）会被激活，且渴望越强烈，该区域活动越活跃，揭示了饥饿和孤独在神经机制上的相似性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.(两天的实验结束后，Tomova和她的同事们将参与者送入核磁共振扫描仪中。该设备通过追踪流向大脑各个区域的血流量来显示大脑活动。)”可知，在受试者禁食和隔离后，将其放入“MRI机器”中，通过追踪血流来监测大脑活动。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The midbrain plays an important part in people’s motivation to seek food or friends.(中脑在人们寻求食物或朋友的动机中起着重要作用。)”可知，中脑有助于激发对食物的渴望。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends.(在志愿者经历独处隔离后，当他们看到自己想念的社交活动时，这些脑区同样会变得活跃。It可能是运动或与朋友聊天。)”可知，划线词“it”指代上文提到的social activities(社交活动)，且下文“playing sports or chatting”是具体举例说明。选项B“A social activity(一项社交活动)”符合题意。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people’s responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain.(但饥饿和孤独会增强这些反应，并使人们的反应专门针对他们所缺失的事物。而且志愿者自述感受到的饥饿或孤独感越强，大脑这一区域的活动就越强烈。)”可知，饥饿和孤独都会增强大脑对缺失事物的反应，且感受越强烈，大脑活动越活跃，这是两者的共同点。故选C。 D When a duck sails across the surface of a pond, it may appear to be effortlessly moving across the water, but in fact, its hidden feet are working overtime to keep it above water. It is this contrast of outward calm and hidden effort that inspired the term “floating duck syndrome (综合症)”. Beyond the name, it has very little to do with ducks. It is a phenomenon where individuals publicly display their achievements while hiding the hard work and struggles that underlie them. Scientists recently conducted a study to explore this phenomenon, its consequences, and possible solutions. In modern work and school settings, it’s common for people to take on too many tasks but receive insufficient rewards. This imbalance between effort and reward can lead to various negative outcomes, including burnout, anxiety, and even physical diseases. Attempting to explain how this gap arises, the researchers investigated “floating duck syndrome”. The social pressure makes people celebrate their successes while hiding the hard effort. As a result, others underestimate the effort required to achieve goals. This leads individuals to over-invest their total effort and spread it across too many activities, reducing the success rate of each activity and creating an effort-reward imbalance. To illustrate this, the researchers built a mathematical model of social learning, using students’ activity choices as a case study. In a situation where people lack full knowledge of the effort needed for success, visibility biases (偏差), such as those who seem to achieve perfection easily, make individuals expect greater rewards for their efforts than they actually get. These findings are crucial as modern life demands that we divide our time and energy among different aspects like school, work, family, and leisure. How we distribute our resources and the resulting rewards have a far-reaching impact on our well-being. To address “floating duck syndrome,” we need to stop downplaying the effort in social learning and promote a culture of openness about our achievements and setbacks. This way, we can better understand the work required and avoid overextending ourselves in the pursuit of an unrealistic ideal. 12. What does “floating duck syndrome” in the passage refer to? A. A syndrome that causes physical diseases in individuals. B. A social pressure that makes people over-invest in work. C. A phenomenon where ducks swim effortlessly on the water. D. A situation where people show achievements but hide efforts. 13. What can we infer from the study about the effort-reward imbalance? A. It is mainly caused by the lack of social support. B. It results from people’s underestimation of effort. C. It can be avoided by reducing the number of tasks. D. It has no significant impact on people’s well-being. 14. What can we infer from the mathematical model about visibility biases? A. They cause higher reward expectations. B. They make people over-estimate effort. C. They help people achieve goals easily. D. They increase the success rate of activities. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. How to Achieve a Better Effort-Reward Balance B. The Negative Effects of Over-investing in Tasks C. Floating Duck Syndrome: The Hidden Effort Behind Apparent Success D. Social Learning: A Misleading Focus in Floating Duck Syndrome Analysis 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“浮鸭综合症”这一现象，即人们展示成就却隐藏努力，探讨其导致的努力与回报失衡问题及解决办法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is this contrast of outward calm and hidden effort that inspired the term “floating duck syndrome (综合症)”. Beyond the name, it has very little to do with ducks. It is a phenomenon where individuals publicly display their achievements while hiding the hard work and struggles that underlie them.(正是这种表面的平静和暗藏的努力的对比激发了“浮鸭综合症”这个词。除了名字之外，它和鸭子没什么关系。这是一种个人公开展示自己的成就，同时隐藏背后的辛勤工作和奋斗的现象)”可知，“浮鸭综合症”指的是人们展示成就但隐藏努力的情况。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The social pressure makes people celebrate their successes while hiding the hard effort. As a result, others underestimate the effort required to achieve goals. This leads individuals to over-invest their total effort and spread it across too many activities, reducing the success rate of each activity and creating an effort-reward imbalance.(社会压力使人们在庆祝成功的同时隐藏了艰苦的努力。结果，其他人低估了实现目标所需的努力。这导致个人过度投入总努力，并将其分散到太多活动中，降低了每项活动的成功率，造成了努力与回报失衡)”可知，因为低估了实现每项目标所需的努力，所以将努力分散到太多活动中，降低了每项活动的成功率，导致努力-回报失衡。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“To illustrate this, the researchers built a mathematical model of social learning, using students’ activity choices as a case study. In a situation where people lack full knowledge of the effort needed for success, visibility biases (偏差), such as those who seem to achieve perfection easily, make individuals expect greater rewards for their efforts than they actually get.(为了说明这一点，研究人员以学生的活动选择为例，建立了一个社会学习的数学模型。在人们对成功所需的努力缺乏全面了解的情况下，可见性偏差，比如那些看似轻松实现完美的人，会使个人期望从自己的努力中获得比实际更多的回报)”可知，可见性偏差会使个人期望从自己的努力中获得比实际更多的回报，导致更高的回报期望。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“It is this contrast of outward calm and hidden effort that inspired the term “floating duck syndrome (综合症)”. Beyond the name, it has very little to do with ducks. It is a phenomenon where individuals publicly display their achievements while hiding the hard work and struggles that underlie them.(正是这种表面的平静和暗藏的努力的对比激发了“浮鸭综合症”这个词。除了名字之外，它和鸭子没什么关系。这是一种个人公开展示自己的成就，同时隐藏背后的辛勤工作和奋斗的现象)”以及后文围绕“浮鸭综合症”导致的努力与回报失衡问题及解决办法的阐述可知，文章介绍了“浮鸭综合症”这一现象。故C项“浮鸭综合症：表面成功背后隐藏的努力”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is “Spaying”? Impulse buying. Paying bills late. Emotional spending. ___16___. But other practices are more harmful — like “spaying.” “Spaying” refers to the act of spending in order to save. With many items on sale, spayers purchase a lot of discounted goods, believing they can save in the long term. ___17___. In fact, they can trick you into spending more, leading to credit card debt. To avoid falling into the trap of spaying, experts share practical tips on how to make wiser purchasing decisions. ___18___ Resist the desire to spay by avoiding sale reminders however possible. It is advised to unsubscribe from newsletters that send you the latest sales and deals from your favorite brands. Turn off notifications in deal apps — or delete them altogether. Set aside a waiting period Always sleep on a potential purchase to give yourself time to think it over. ___19___. Experts recommended adopting a 24-hour waiting period, or even going a step further with a 48-hour rule before buying something, even if it’s on sale. Make a spending budget Assess your spending habits to create awareness and come up with a plan to cut back little by little. It’s also a good idea to take a look at just how much you’ve spent over the year so far on excess purchases, which can be shocking and give you an urge to make changes. If you’re buying something to make yourself feel better after a bad day or as a reward for a job well done, the fleeting feelings will pass. ___20___. A. Avoid sale pushes. B. Stick to your shopping list. C. It’s clear why these financial habits are bad. D. This allows that excitement of the deal to fade. E. If you do, even another ten dollars will be spent. F. However, cheap items are not necessarily good deals. G. So do find other ways to cope with sadness or to celebrate wins. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“绝育式消费”（为了省钱而过度购买打折商品的行为）的危害及避免方法。 【16题详解】 上文“Impulse buying. Paying bills late. Emotional spending.(冲动购买。迟交账单。情感消费)”提到三种不良的消费习惯，而下文“But other practices are more harmful— like “spaying.”(但是还有其他更有害的做法，即“绝育式消费”)”说明还有其他更有害的做法，即“绝育式消费”。空处需要承上启下，C项中的“these financial habits”指代前文中提到了三个不好的消费习惯，和后文形成转折关系，从而引出下文的更严重的问题。所以C项“很明显，这些理财习惯为什么不好”符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文““Spaying” refers to the act of spending in order to save. With many items on sale, spayers purchase a lot of discounted goods, believing they can save in the long term.(“绝育式消费”指的是为了省钱而花费的行为。当有许多商品打折时，进行绝育式消费的人会购买大量打折商品，认为这样长期来看可以省钱)”说明“绝育式消费者”购买大量打折商品，认为长期下来能省钱。由此推知，空处和前文形成转折关系，指出事实并非如此。所以F项“然而，廉价商品不一定是划算的。”符合语境，该项中的“cheap items”和前文中的“the act of spending in order to save”相呼应。故选F。 【18题详解】 下文“Resist the desire to spay by avoiding sale reminders however possible.(通过各种可能的方式避免销售提醒，以抵制绝育式消费的欲望)”说明本段主要讲述如何通过避免销售提醒来抵制“绝育式消费”的欲望。A项“避免销售推销”适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“Always sleep on a potential purchase to give yourself-time to think it over.(对于想要购买的物品，先不要着急下单，给自己一些时间仔细考虑一下)”以及下文“Experts recommended adopting a 24-hour waiting period, or even going a step further with a 48-hour rule before buying something, even if it’s on sale.(专家建议在购买东西之前采用24小时的等待期，甚至更进一步，采用48小时的规则，即使它正在打折)”说明给自己时间考虑潜在的购买行为。空处承接上文，指出这样做的好处，又为下文的建议做了铺垫。所以D项“这使得交易的兴奋感逐渐消退。”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文“If you’re buying something to make yourself feel better after a bad day or as a reward for a job well done, the fleeting feelings will pass.(如果你买东西是为了在糟糕的一天后让自己感觉更好，或者作为对出色工作的奖励，那么转瞬即逝的感觉就会过去)”说明如果你因为心情不好或工作表现出色而买东西来奖励自己，那么这种短暂的感觉会很快过去。空处需要给出建议，即寻找其他方式来应对悲伤或庆祝胜利。所以G项“所以，一定要找到其他方法来应对悲伤或庆祝胜利。”符合语境，承接了上文，给出了实用的建议。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordan’s backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy strawberries (树莓). We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries ____21____ Mr Jordan came charging outside all of a sudden. “What are you boys doing out here?” he yelled as my friends ran off in all ____22____. He attempted to catch one or two as they rushed past him, but they were too ____23____ for the older gentleman to catch. Within seconds, the boys ____24____ into the dark of the summer night. All except me. However, speed was never my ____25____. I took the tongue-lashing (痛骂) that Mr. Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house, where my mother took over and scolded me ____26____. My friends said they could hear every colorful word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, ____27____ they had gathered to celebrate their ____28____ and to observe my capture. They teased me about it for days afterwards, while all I could do was to complain about how ____29____ it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took strawberries without ____30____, and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.” “But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!” “That’s not my concern nor should it be yours,” Dad said. “You can’t ____31____ what happens to others. You can only ____32____ what happens to you. You made a bad choice that night, and you were punished for it.” For the following years, I come to realize there is no guarantee (保证) that life will ____33____ us fairly. That’s why we can’t ____34____ comparing our lives with the lives of others. Like Dad said, that isn’t our ____35____. 21. A. before B. when C. since D. after 22. A. efforts B. circumstances C. directions D. boundaries 23. A. instant B. intense C. vital D. swift 24. A. disappeared B. resisted C. revealed D. appealed 25. A. fashion B. strength C. innovation D. prospect 26. A. gently B. barely C. angrily D. slightly 27. A. which B. where C. when D. what 28. A. escape B. conflict C. trial D. strategy 29. A. reliable B. remarkable C. secure D. unfair 30. A. distinguishing B. warning C. asking D. informing 31. A. prohibit B. control C. adopt D. predict 32. A. put up with B. make up with C. come up with D. go through with 33. A. detect B. resist C. advocate D. treat 34. A. be stuck in B. be occupied in C. be devoted to D. be committed to 35. A. conclusion B. complaint C. concern D. command 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者曾在孩提时与朋友们偷摘别人家的树莓却被抓了现行，其他人全都跑掉，只剩作者一个被逮住接受惩罚，作者为此感到不公平，但在父亲的教导下，明白了要做好自己的事，不要总和他人比较。 【21题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们正津津有味地吃着美味的树莓，突然乔丹先生冲了出来。A. before在……之前；B. when正在这时、突然；C. since自从；D. after在……之后。根据上文“We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries”以及语境可知，这里考查“be doing...when...”，是固定句型，意为“正在做某事时，突然发生另一件事”，符合“吃树莓时被主人发现”的突发语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们这些男孩在这里干什么？” 他大喊着，我的朋友们向四面八方跑去。A. efforts努力；B. circumstances情况；C. directions方向；D. boundaries边界。根据上文“my friends ran off ”以及语境可知，这里指作者朋友们向四面八方跑去，in all directions，是固定短语，意为“四面八方”，描述朋友们惊慌逃窜的状态，符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们跑得太快了，这位年长的先生根本追不上。A. instant立刻的；B. intense强烈的；C. vital重要的；D. swift迅速的。根据下文“the older gentleman to catch”以及语境可知，这里指朋友们速度快导致乔丹先生追不上，swift符合“动作敏捷、速度快”的语境。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟内，男孩们就消失在夏日的黑暗中。A. disappeared消失；B. resisted抵抗；C. revealed揭露；D. appealed呼吁。根据上文“my friends ran off”以及语境可知，朋友们向四面八方逃跑，最终消失在黑暗中，disappeared符合“逃离后不见踪影”的语境。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，速度从来不是我的强项。A. fashion时尚；B. strength强项、优势；C. innovation创新；D. prospect前景。根据上文“Within seconds, the boys 　　 into the dark of the summer night. All except me.”可知，前文提到朋友们都逃走了，只有作者被抓住，说明作者不擅长跑步，速度不是他的优势，strength符合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：乔丹先生把我带到我家所在的街区，严厉地训斥了我一顿，之后我妈妈接手，愤怒地责骂我。A. gently温和地；B. barely几乎不；C. angrily愤怒地；D. slightly轻微地。根据上文“One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordan’s backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy strawberries (树莓).”以及语境可知，作者偷东西被抓，妈妈必然会愤怒地责骂，angrily符合“因孩子犯错而生气”的语境。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们在我家后院的黑暗中能听到她说的每一句激烈的话，他们聚集在那里庆祝自己的逃脱，并看着我被抓。A. which指代物；B. where指代地点；C. when指代时间；D. what不引导定语从句。根据下文“they had gathered to celebrate their 　　 and to observe my capture.”以及句子结可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词“our backyard”是地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，where符合语境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们在我家后院的黑暗中能听到她说的每一句激烈的话，他们聚集在那里庆祝自己的逃脱，并看着我被抓。A. escape逃脱；B. conflict冲突；C. trial试验；D. strategy策略。根据上文“Within seconds, the boys 　　 into the dark of the summer night. All except me.”可知，朋友们成功逃走，没有被抓住，所以庆祝自己的逃脱，escape符合语境。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事后好几天他们都在取笑我，而我只能抱怨这太不公平了——偏偏只有我一个人要为此付出代价。A. reliable可靠的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. secure安全的；D. unfair不公平的。根据下文“I was the only one who had to pay the price”可知，作者认为朋友们和他一起偷东西，却只有他被惩罚，因此觉得不公平，unfair符合“对境遇不满”的语境。故选 D 项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你没打招呼就摘了树莓，得到的惩罚完全是你应得的。A. distinguishing区分；B. warning警告；C. asking询问、请求；D. informing通知。根据上文“stole into the Jordan’s backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy strawberries (树莓)”可知，偷树莓是未经主人允许的行为，“without asking”表示“没有征得同意”，符合“擅自行动”的语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不能控制别人发生什么事。A. prohibit禁止；B. control控制；C. adopt采纳；D. predict预测。结合下文“You can only 　　 what happens to you”可知，父亲想表达的是，人无法掌控他人的遭遇，只能管好自己，control符合语境。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你只能承受发生在你身上的事。A. put up with忍受、承受；B. make up with与……和解；C. come up with提出；D. go through with完成。根据上文“you get exactly the punishment you deserved”以及语境可知，作者因自己的错误受到了惩罚，这是他必须承受的结果，put up with符合“接受既定结果”的语境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我逐渐意识到，生活对待我们是公平的，这是没有保证的。A. detect察觉；B. resist抵抗；C. advocate提倡；D. treat对待。根据上文“ all I could do was to complain about how 　　 it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. ”可知，前文作者认为自己被不公平惩罚，此处指生活不一定会公平对待每个人，treat符合“对待他人”的语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们不能陷入和别人比较生活的困境中。A. be stuck in陷入；B. be occupied in忙于；C. be devoted to致力于；D. be committed to承诺。根据下文“comparing our lives with the lives of others”以及语境可知，生活本就不公平，和别人比较只会让自己困扰，be stuck in体现“难以摆脱某种状态”，符合语境。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像爸爸说的，那不是我们该关心的事。A. conclusion结论；B. complaint抱怨；C. concern关心的事；D. command命令。根据上文“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours”可知，这里指那不是我们该关心的事，concern为原词复现，符合语境。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a twist, the long-forgotten CCD digital camera, once ___36___ (perceive) “electronic waste” and pushed aside by the technological tide, is making a comeback. ___37___ their slightly unclear images, these devices are popular, which is being fueled by the nostalgia (怀旧) trend ___38___ (sweep) China’s youth. On social media platforms, the enthusiasm for sharing secondhand, ___39___ even multiple-hand digital cameras, is growing. Owning one makes ___40___ possible to shoot images with an old-fashioned hue, the texture of film, and the “cold white skin” tone. A CCD is the light-sensitive component in a digital camera. ___41___ it can produce clear and bright images in well-lit conditions, it has limitations. Poor performance in low light and a small sensor size led to its gradual ___42___ (replace) by CMOS sensors after 2010. Yet a search for CCD cameras on platforms like Xianyu reveals that CCD has been ___43___ aesthetic (美学的) style as a result of online posts. With the wide spread of smartphones, major producers ___44___ (discontinue) their camera lines in recent years. Some people have warned that many low-priced cameras may be secondhand with outdated technologies and ageing sensors. Others believe that CCDs are providing the young with a new way of expressing themselves. Sharing photos has ___45___ (complete) become a social ritual. 【答案】36. perceived 37. Despite 38. sweeping 39. or 40. it 41. While##Though##Although 42. replacement 43. an 44. have discontinued 45. completely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了曾经被视为“电子垃圾”的CCD数码相机正在回归流行。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：令人惊讶的是，曾经被视为“电子垃圾”并被技术潮流所淘汰的CCD数码相机正在回归。本句谓语为is making，此处为非谓语动词，且the long-forgotten CCD digital camera与perceive“认为”为被动关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填perceived。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管这些设备的图像有些模糊，但它们很受欢迎，这得益于席卷中国青年人的怀旧潮流。前后句之间是让步关系，且空后是名词短语，应用介词despite“尽管”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。which引导的定语从句谓语为is being fueled，此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语trend与sweep“席卷”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填sweeping。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：在社交媒体平台上，分享二手或者甚至多手数码相机的热情正在高涨。空格前后是选择关系，应用连词or连接。故填or。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：拥有一台这样的相机，就有可能拍出具有老式色调、胶片质感和“冷白皮”色调的照片。空格处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to shoot images with an old-fashioned hue, the texture of film, and the “cold white skin” tone，应填代词it。故填it。 【41题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然它能在光线充足的情况下拍出清晰明亮的照片，但也有局限性。前后句意存在让步关系，应用although/though/while“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于其在低光下的表现不佳以及传感器尺寸较小，导致其逐渐被CMOS传感器取代。本空作led to的宾语，应用名词replacement，表示“替换”。故填replacement。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，在线帖子的结果显示，CCD已经成为一种美学风格。此处泛指“一种美学风格”，且aesthetic以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：随着智能手机的广泛普及，近年来主要生产商已经停产了他们的相机生产线。discontinue“停止”。根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处时态应用现在完成时，主语producers是复数，助动词用have。故填have discontinued。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：分享照片已经完全成为了一种社交仪式。空格处作状语，修饰动词become，应用副词completely“完全地”。故填completely。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，近期你发现身边部分同学直接使用 AI工具生成英语作文提交作业，这一现象引发了你的关注。请你给学校英文报社投稿，说明具体情况，并提出合理使用 AI的建议。内容包括： 1. 陈述具体现象； 2. 提出合理建议。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Don’t Let AI Replace Your Own Writing ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Don’t Let AI Replace Your Own Writing Recently, I’ve noticed some classmates directly submit English compositions generated by AI tools as their homework. Though it saves time, this practice weakens the purpose of writing assignments — to improve our critical thinking and language ability. To use AI properly, I have two suggestions. First, regard AI as a learning assistant, using it to collect ideas or check grammar instead of replacing your own work. Second, analyze and revise AI-generated content instead of copying blindly. Let’s use AI wisely to help us grow, rather than letting it hinder our independent thinking and progress. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校英文报社投稿，陈述部分同学用AI生成英语作文提交作业的现象，并提出合理使用AI的建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 提交：submit → hand in 适当地：properly → appropriately 建议：suggestion → advice 阻碍：hinder → obstruct 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Recently, I’ve noticed some classmates directly submit English compositions generated by AI tools as their homework. 拓展句：Recently, I’ve noticed some classmates who are lazy directly submit English compositions generated by AI tools as their homework. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Though it saves time, this practice weakens the purpose of writing assignments — to improve our critical thinking and language ability.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】First, regard AI as a learning assistant, using it to collect ideas or check grammar instead of replacing your own work.（运用了现在分词短语using ...作伴随状语） 【高分句型3】Let’s use AI wisely to help us grow, rather than letting it hinder our independent thinking and progress.（运用了不定式短语to help...作目的状语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Sam was two years and two months old, he began to shut the world away. The once-happy little boy, who was already starting to pick up words of both English and Spanish, suddenly stopped speaking; stopped looking his family in the eye; stopped communicating altogether. Most of the time, all Sam did was lie on the sofa touching his ears. He started to display certain behavioral changes. He began to have this funny thing with straight lines where he would pick up a toy and look at it sideways, or lie on his front for hours on end, rolling a car in front of his eyes. Within two years, his mother Jo visited one expert after another with Sam and tried various treatment methods; however, nothing seemed to work. What was worse, in about three weeks Sam’s grandfather died of cancer, his parents divorced and his family were robbed — and all the while, Sam was becoming more and more withdrawn. His eyes were dead. And it was then that Sam was eventually diagnosed (诊断) with autism (自闭症). As a single mother, Jo had no choice but to go straight to work herself to earn a living while researching the condition and try her best to help Sam to come back out of himself. For Jo, the following eight years was a terrifying time, watching her son disappearing just in front of her eyes. All methods tried, money running out, Jo had no choice but to take Sam, by now completely non-verbal (不使用言语交际的), from the hustle and bustle (喧嚣) of the city to the calm of the Devon countryside. Once on a local farm, they came across Chester, a mini pig belonging to a farmer. It was so small that they didn’t even see it at first sight. As they walked down the grassland, the only little pig was hiding in the corner. He looked sad and lonely, like Sam often did. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Sam saw Chester, he went over to the little pig immediately. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The farmer agreed and Jo took Chester home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When Sam saw Chester, he went over to the little pig immediately. Sam, who had been so isolated, reached out and gently touched the pig. Chester got closer to Sam in response, as if acknowledging a new friend. For the first time in years, Sam’s eyes lit up with a spark of curiosity and warmth. Jo watched in amazement and decided there and then to buy it. She approached the farmer and asked if they could buy the pig, hoping Chester might breathe vitality into Sam’s life. The farmer agreed and Jo took Chester home. Since then, Sam and Chester were like peas and carrots. Chester’s presence became a comfort to Sam’s lonely soul. He would often sit beside Chester, stroking its back. Jo noticed a gradual change in Sam — he began having more interactions with Chester and her. Apparently, the unique bond between Sam and Chester had a good effect on Sam’s other relationships, offering Jo hope that her son might slowly find his way back to the world. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了小男孩山姆在两岁两个月大时突然变得沉默自闭，经过多方求医无果，且家庭遭遇变故后，他被确诊为自闭症。山姆的母亲乔在努力工作的同时，不懈研究自闭症并尝试各种方法帮助山姆。后来，在山姆与一只迷你小猪切斯特相遇并建立深厚友谊后，山姆的情况逐渐好转，开始与外界有更多的互动，这给乔带来了希望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句“当山姆看到切斯特时，他立刻朝小猪走过去。”可知，第一段可描写山姆与小猪切斯特的初次互动以及乔决定买下切斯特的经过。 ②由第二段首句“农夫同意了，乔把切斯特带回了家。”可知，第二段可描写山姆与切斯特的亲密相处以及乔对此的感悟。 2.续写线索： 相遇——互动——决定买下——带回家——亲密相处——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①伸出：reach out/stretch out ②买下：buy/purchase ③开始：begin/start 情绪类 ①好奇：curiosity/interest/wonder ②安慰：comfort/ease/relief 【点睛】[高分句型1]She approached the farmer and asked if they could buy the pig, hoping Chester might breathe vitality into Sam’s life.（由if引导宾语从句以及现在分词作状语的结构） [高分句型2]Apparently, the unique bond between Sam and Chester had a good effect on Sam’s other relationships, offering Jo hope that her son might slowly find his way back to the world.（由现在分词作状语以及that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 杭十四中二〇二五学年第一学期期末阶段性测试 高二年级英语学科试卷 考生注意： 1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟，试卷共8页。 2. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑； 非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is the woman’s concern about planting bamboo? A. It will attract many birds. B. It is expensive to maintain. C. It might grow out of control. 2. How much should the man pay? A. $4. B. $6. C. $10. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Tailor and client. C. Colleagues. 4. Which day is the woman’s final working day in the company? A. Next Monday. B. This Friday. C. This weekend. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The development of the market. B. The difficulties in management. C The keys to a company’s success. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why does the woman make a phone call? A. To arrange a meeting. B. To interview the salesperson. C. To apply for a job. 7. Who will provide the woman with more information? A. Mr. Burton. B. Mr. Burton’s secretary. C. The man. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What did the woman do last Saturday? A. She bought her first car. B. She went for a test drive. C. She took a driving lesson. 9. Why will the woman invite Joseph with her? A. He wants to buy a car. B. He wants to be a car dealer. C. He knows about sales skills. 10. How will the woman pay for her new car? A. Full payment. B. Loan payment. C. Unclear. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What’s wrong with the woman? A. She has a running nose. B. She has chest pain. C. She has a heartache. 12. What does the man arrange for the woman? A. An online consultation. B. An urgent surgery. C. A medical test. 13. What did the woman plan to do tonight? A. She would have a big meal. B. She would have an appointment. C. She would visit an attraction. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the problem Mary is facing? A. How to present the topic in an interesting way B. How to build better relationships with students. C. How to effectively teach students. 15. Why is Professor J. K. Simmons popular among students? A. His book is a bestseller. B. He has creative teaching methods. C. He is an expert in teaching. 16. What learning approach does Mr. Carter suggest Mary try? A. Developing learning by reading the book. B. Focusing on personal study skills. C. Organizing students to do research in groups. 17. What does Professor J. K. Simmons’ book center on? A. Student cooperation and individual growth. B. Guidance for classroom management. C. Relationships between teachers and students. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. How many subjects were involved in the study? A. 40. B. 20. C. 10. 19. What does Dr. Zee suggest people do? A. Reduce the use of sleep medicine. B Sleep with lights off. C. Sleep with open curtains. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. The influence of light on sleep. B. The benefits of good sleep. C. The effects of lack of sleep. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A visit to Antarctica is much more than a holiday. Remote and undamaged, any journey there is a unique adventure you’ll find nowhere else on earth. As you cruise in style aboard Discovery, you will gaze upon majestic, icy peaks, giant icebergs and diverse wildlife that includes whales, seals, penguins and birds. You will sail through glassy bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica’s shores and volcanic beaches. On all cruises, you will get as close to nature as you would on smaller ships, while enjoying a higher class of Discovery’s 4-star comforts. Exciting cruises aboard Discovery No single supplement on cabins Voyage to Antarctica 20 Days, departing 16 November 2023 From Lisbon across the Atlantic Ocean to Buenos Aires with stops in exotic settings like Funchal, Rio de Janeiro and Ushuaia Now from £3575 Antarctica, Chile &Patagonia 18 Days, departing 16 December 2023 From Buenos Aires sail to Antarctica and depart the ship in Santiago Now from£3145 Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires Cape to Cape 23 Days, departing 7 February 2023 Leave from Buenos Aires and sail around Cape Horn, visit Antarctica and make your way to Cape Town, South Africa Now from£2995 What’s included: ●All meals, entertainment and tips on board. Return flights to /from UK. Overseas transfers between airports, hotels and ship. Hotel stays in Buenos Aires and Santiago. Informative lecture programme, Landings ashore and small boat sightseeing. ●PLUS—Save an extra £500 per couple on early bookings before September 2023. The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica’s fragile ecosystem. Lectures given by Dr. Peter Carey and his team will bring Antarctica to life. They will accompany you on your landings ashore and on small boat field trips （depending on ice and weather conditions）. 1. What activity is included on Discovery cruises? A. Camping on the volcanic beaches. B. Interacting with seals and penguins if possible. C. Swimming through the waters filled with icebergs. D. Setting foot on Antarctica’s shores if the weather allows. 2. Which month’s cruise plan offers the possibility of sailing in the opposite way? A. February. B. December. C. November. D. September. 3. A major focus of Discovery cruises is ______. A. extending luxury hotel stays B. small boat sightseeing and landing ashore C. learning about the environment of Antarctica D. providing free meals and entertainment on board B “Your mother needs a new heart,” my father told me when I called on that December afternoon. An unrelenting optimist, he spoke as if she merely needed to have a part replaced. But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief. Dr. Marc Semigran of the transplant team reviewed my mother’s medical history. She’d had an irregular and rapid heartbeat for most of her life. Her present treatment — the use of a series of cardioversions, or electric jolts, to restore a normal heartbeat — would not work in the long-term. She had an enlarged and weakened heart, as well as a faulty valve. “With medication,” Dr. Semigran said, “you have a 60 percent chance of living six months. You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. You’re at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing.” My family came together, trying to provide strength and work out what to do. We’d already gone from shock, over our mother’s condition, to worry that she wouldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually. Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support. One Monday in May, at about 8 p.m., my mother received a phone call from the hospital that a heart was available. As she was about to be wheeled off, my father took her face in his hands and looked into her eyes. His look said everything about their 42-year relationship. The heart transplant operation was successful and the conditions could not have been better. The irony of the transplant process is that one family’s loss is another’s gain. It is a kind of life after death, our hearts beating beyond us. We developed a feeling of love for this new part, of gratitude for the doctors, for the process, and for those people who made a decision just for humanity. 4. Why was the family shocked despite knowing their mother’s heart problems? A. They feared the cost of the surgery. B. They didn’t expect the heart transplant. C. They were doubtful about the diagnosis. D. They were unaware of her medical history. 5. What risk did Dr. Semigran emphasize about the heart transplant? A. The complexity of the surgery itself. B. The possibility of better medication. C. The shortage of available donor hearts. D. The mother’s age and physical condition. 6. Why did the family decide to support the heart transplant? A. The doctor guaranteed a successful outcome. B. The mother insisted on having the procedure. C. They believed in her chances despite the risks. D. They received financial assistance for the surgery. 7. What does the word “irony” in the final paragraph most likely refer to? A. The simplicity of the transplant procedure. B. The unforeseen availability of a donor heart. C. A tragic event leading to another family’s hope. D. The mother’s rapid recovery after the operation. C Just as a hungry brain craves (渴望) food, a lonely brain craves people. A new brain study demonstrates this. After being left alone, it shows people’s brains would be activated at the sight of other people. The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food. Livia Tomova, a neuroscientist, who studies how the brain produces mental activities, and her colleagues began this study. They recruited 40 people. On one day, the participants had to fast — not eat anything at all — for 10 hours. On another day, the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours. They couldn’t see anyone. No friends, no family and no social media. They weren’t even allowed to check their email. After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region. At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. The midbrain plays an important part in people’s motivation to seek food or friends. In fact, it responds to food and social signals even when people aren’t hungry or lonely. But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people’s responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain. Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience. 8. How does Tomova test out the result of the study? A. By stimulating desire. B. By controlling blood flow. C. By monitoring brain activity. D. By examining mental activities. 9. What do we know about midbrain? A. It consists of two areas. B. it helps motivate desire for food. C. It stops working when people are full. D. It decreases responses to lost friends. 10. What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A midbrain area. B. A social activity. C. A volunteer. D. A hamburger. 11. According to the study, what similarity is found between hunger and loneliness? A. They both reduce dopamine production in the midbrain. B. They can be relieved equally by viewing pictures of food. C. They cause the brain to respond more strongly to what is missed. D. They lead to decreased interest in social activities. D When a duck sails across the surface of a pond, it may appear to be effortlessly moving across the water, but in fact, its hidden feet are working overtime to keep it above water. It is this contrast of outward calm and hidden effort that inspired the term “floating duck syndrome (综合症)”. Beyond the name, it has very little to do with ducks. It is a phenomenon where individuals publicly display their achievements while hiding the hard work and struggles that underlie them. Scientists recently conducted a study to explore this phenomenon, its consequences, and possible solutions. In modern work and school settings, it’s common for people to take on too many tasks but receive insufficient rewards. This imbalance between effort and reward can lead to various negative outcomes, including burnout, anxiety, and even physical diseases. Attempting to explain how this gap arises, the researchers investigated “floating duck syndrome”. The social pressure makes people celebrate their successes while hiding the hard effort. As a result, others underestimate the effort required to achieve goals. This leads individuals to over-invest their total effort and spread it across too many activities, reducing the success rate of each activity and creating an effort-reward imbalance. To illustrate this, the researchers built a mathematical model of social learning, using students’ activity choices as a case study. In a situation where people lack full knowledge of the effort needed for success, visibility biases (偏差), such as those who seem to achieve perfection easily, make individuals expect greater rewards for their efforts than they actually get. These findings are crucial as modern life demands that we divide our time and energy among different aspects like school, work, family, and leisure. How we distribute our resources and the resulting rewards have a far-reaching impact on our well-being. To address “floating duck syndrome,” we need to stop downplaying the effort in social learning and promote a culture of openness about our achievements and setbacks. This way, we can better understand the work required and avoid overextending ourselves in the pursuit of an unrealistic ideal. 12. What does “floating duck syndrome” in the passage refer to? A. A syndrome that causes physical diseases in individuals. B. A social pressure that makes people over-invest in work. C. A phenomenon where ducks swim effortlessly on the water. D. A situation where people show achievements but hide efforts. 13. What can we infer from the study about the effort-reward imbalance? A. It is mainly caused by the lack of social support. B. It results from people’s underestimation of effort. C. It can be avoided by reducing the number of tasks. D. It has no significant impact on people’s well-being. 14. What can we infer from the mathematical model about visibility biases? A. They cause higher reward expectations. B. They make people over-estimate effort. C. They help people achieve goals easily. D. They increase the success rate of activities. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. How to Achieve a Better Effort-Reward Balance B. The Negative Effects of Over-investing in Tasks C. Floating Duck Syndrome: The Hidden Effort Behind Apparent Success D. Social Learning: A Misleading Focus in Floating Duck Syndrome Analysis 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is “Spaying”? Impulse buying. Paying bills late. Emotional spending. ___16___. But other practices are more harmful — like “spaying.” “Spaying” refers to the act of spending in order to save. With many items on sale, spayers purchase a lot of discounted goods, believing they can save in the long term. ___17___. In fact, they can trick you into spending more, leading to credit card debt. To avoid falling into the trap of spaying, experts share practical tips on how to make wiser purchasing decisions. ___18___ Resist the desire to spay by avoiding sale reminders however possible. It is advised to unsubscribe from newsletters that send you the latest sales and deals from your favorite brands. Turn off notifications in deal apps — or delete them altogether. Set aside a waiting period Always sleep on a potential purchase to give yourself time to think it over. ___19___. Experts recommended adopting a 24-hour waiting period, or even going a step further with a 48-hour rule before buying something, even if it’s on sale. Make a spending budget Assess your spending habits to create awareness and come up with a plan to cut back little by little. It’s also a good idea to take a look at just how much you’ve spent over the year so far on excess purchases, which can be shocking and give you an urge to make changes. If you’re buying something to make yourself feel better after a bad day or as a reward for a job well done, the fleeting feelings will pass. ___20___. A. Avoid sale pushes. B. Stick to your shopping list. C. It’s clear why these financial habits are bad. D. This allows that excitement of the deal to fade. E. If you do, even another ten dollars will be spent. F. However, cheap items are not necessarily good deals. G. So do find other ways to cope with sadness or to celebrate wins. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordan’s backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy strawberries (树莓). We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries ____21____ Mr Jordan came charging outside all of a sudden. “What are you boys doing out here?” he yelled as my friends ran off in all ____22____. He attempted to catch one or two as they rushed past him, but they were too ____23____ for the older gentleman to catch. Within seconds, the boys ____24____ into the dark of the summer night. All except me. However, speed was never my ____25____. I took the tongue-lashing (痛骂) that Mr. Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house, where my mother took over and scolded me ____26____. My friends said they could hear every colorful word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, ____27____ they had gathered to celebrate their ____28____ and to observe my capture. They teased me about it for days afterwards, while all I could do was to complain about how ____29____ it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took strawberries without ____30____, and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.” “But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!” “That’s not my concern nor should it be yours,” Dad said. “You can’t ____31____ what happens to others. You can only ____32____ what happens to you. You made a bad choice that night, and you were punished for it.” For the following years, I come to realize there is no guarantee (保证) that life will ____33____ us fairly. That’s why we can’t ____34____ comparing our lives with the lives of others. Like Dad said, that isn’t our ____35____. 21. A. before B. when C. since D. after 22. A. efforts B. circumstances C. directions D. boundaries 23. A. instant B. intense C. vital D. swift 24. A. disappeared B. resisted C. revealed D. appealed 25. A. fashion B. strength C. innovation D. prospect 26. A. gently B. barely C. angrily D. slightly 27. A. which B. where C. when D. what 28. A. escape B. conflict C. trial D. strategy 29. A. reliable B. remarkable C. secure D. unfair 30. A. distinguishing B. warning C. asking D. informing 31. A. prohibit B. control C. adopt D. predict 32. A. put up with B. make up with C. come up with D. go through with 33. A. detect B. resist C. advocate D. treat 34. A. be stuck in B. be occupied in C. be devoted to D. be committed to 35. A. conclusion B. complaint C. concern D. command 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a twist, the long-forgotten CCD digital camera, once ___36___ (perceive) “electronic waste” and pushed aside by the technological tide, is making a comeback. ___37___ their slightly unclear images, these devices are popular, which is being fueled by the nostalgia (怀旧) trend ___38___ (sweep) China’s youth. On social media platforms, the enthusiasm for sharing secondhand, ___39___ even multiple-hand digital cameras, is growing. Owning one makes ___40___ possible to shoot images with an old-fashioned hue, the texture of film, and the “cold white skin” tone. A CCD is the light-sensitive component in a digital camera. ___41___ it can produce clear and bright images in well-lit conditions, it has limitations. Poor performance in low light and a small sensor size led to its gradual ___42___ (replace) by CMOS sensors after 2010. Yet a search for CCD cameras on platforms like Xianyu reveals that CCD has been ___43___ aesthetic (美学的) style as a result of online posts. With the wide spread of smartphones, major producers ___44___ (discontinue) their camera lines in recent years. Some people have warned that many low-priced cameras may be secondhand with outdated technologies and ageing sensors. Others believe that CCDs are providing the young with a new way of expressing themselves. Sharing photos has ___45___ (complete) become a social ritual. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，近期你发现身边部分同学直接使用 AI工具生成英语作文提交作业，这一现象引发了你的关注。请你给学校英文报社投稿，说明具体情况，并提出合理使用 AI的建议。内容包括： 1. 陈述具体现象； 2. 提出合理建议。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Don’t Let AI Replace Your Own Writing ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Sam was two years and two months old, he began to shut the world away. The once-happy little boy, who was already starting to pick up words of both English and Spanish, suddenly stopped speaking; stopped looking his family in the eye; stopped communicating altogether. Most of the time, all Sam did was lie on the sofa touching his ears. He started to display certain behavioral changes. He began to have this funny thing with straight lines where he would pick up a toy and look at it sideways, or lie on his front for hours on end, rolling a car in front of his eyes. Within two years, his mother Jo visited one expert after another with Sam and tried various treatment methods; however, nothing seemed to work. What was worse, in about three weeks Sam’s grandfather died of cancer, his parents divorced and his family were robbed — and all the while, Sam was becoming more and more withdrawn. His eyes were dead. And it was then that Sam was eventually diagnosed (诊断) with autism (自闭症). As a single mother, Jo had no choice but to go straight to work herself to earn a living while researching the condition and try her best to help Sam to come back out of himself. For Jo, the following eight years was a terrifying time, watching her son disappearing just in front of her eyes. All methods tried, money running out, Jo had no choice but to take Sam, by now completely non-verbal (不使用言语交际的), from the hustle and bustle (喧嚣) of the city to the calm of the Devon countryside. Once on a local farm, they came across Chester, a mini pig belonging to a farmer. It was so small that they didn’t even see it at first sight. As they walked down the grassland, the only little pig was hiding in the corner. He looked sad and lonely, like Sam often did. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Sam saw Chester, he went over to the little pig immediately. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The farmer agreed and Jo took Chester home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $