Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 2、3-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（北师大版）

高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·北师大版·选修4Unit12:Innovation Lesson2&3 单元词汇总览 emerge/i'm3:d3vi.出现；浮现theoretical/,0 retrkl/adj.理论论；宇宙学 coincidence /kau'nsidans/n.巧的：理论上的 grand/graend/adj.宏伟的：壮丽 合：巧事 overcome/va'km/t.克服的：隆重的 clueless/'klu:las/adj.一无所知（困难）：控制（感情）：征服 in spite of虽然：不顾：尽管… 的：一窍不通的 decline/d'klam/v.减少；降低；（仍） incubation/.kju'be1n/n.孵化：谢绝：n.下降；衰退 bonus/'baunas/n.意外收获；额 潜伏期 PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)n.博外好处；奖金：红利 evaluation1,valju'en/n.评估：士学位 gravity/'graevati/n.重力：引力 评价 cosmology /kDz'mDl3di/n.字宙 词汇核心考点精讲 1.emerge /i'm3:d3/vi.出现；浮现 ·核心考点：词性：不及物动词(vⅵ.) 2个核心义：出现：浮现 ·必记搭配与例句：●emerge from(从…出现)：The sun emerged from behind the clouds. ●emerge as(以…身份出现)：She emerged as a leading figure in the movement ·重点派生词：●emergence(名词)：the emergence of new technology(新技术的出现) ·emergent(形容词)：emergent problems(新出现的问题) 2.coincidence/kau'nsidans/n.巧合；巧事 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：巧合；巧事 ·必记搭配与例句：·by coincidence(巧合地)：By coincidence,we met again in Paris. ●It's a coincidence that..(…是巧合)：It's a coincidence that we have the same birthday. ·重点派生词：·coincide(动词)：Our opinions coincide on this matter.(我们在这件事上意见一 致) 3.clueless/'kl:ls/adj.一无所知的；一窍不通的 高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 2个核心义：一无所知的：一窍不通的 ·必记搭配与例句：●be clueless about(对·一无所知)：He's clueless about how to use a computer. ●look clueless(显得茫然)：She looked clueless when asked the question. ·重点派生词：●clue(名词)：give a clue(提供线索) 4.incubation/,ykju'ben/n.孵化：潜伏期 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：孵化：潜伏期 ·必记搭配与例句：●incubation period(潜伏期)：The incubation period of the virus is 1.4days. ●incubation of eggs(蛋的孵化)：The incubation of chicken eggs takes about2 1 days. ·重点派生词：●incubate(动词)：incubate bacteria(培养细菌) ●incubator(名词)：an egg incubator(孵蛋器) 5.evaluation/1,vaelju'en/n.评估；评价 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：评估；评价 ·必记搭配与例句：●nake an evaluation(进行评估)：Teachersneed to make an evaluation of students' performance. ●evaluation of sth.(对…的评价)：The evaluation of the project was positive. ·重点派生词：·evaluate(动词)：evaluate the results(评价结果) ●evaluative(形容词)：an evaluative report(评估报告) 6.theoretical/,Ia'retk/adj.理论的；理论上的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：理论的：理论上的 ·必记搭配与例句：●theoretical knowledge(理论知识)：We need both theoretical knowledge and practical skills ●theoretical physics(理论物理)：He majors in theoretical physics. ·重点派生词：●theory(名词)：scientific theory(科学理论) ●theoretically（副词)：Theoretically,this method should work. 7.overcome/,ava'kn/t.克服（困难）：控制（感情）；征服 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.) 3个核心义：克服（困难）：控制（感情）：征服 高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●overcome difficulties(克服困难)：She overcame many difficulties to succeed, ·overcome fear（克服恐惧)：He tried to overcome his fear of heights. ●be overcome with(被…压倒)：She was overcome with joy. ·重点派生词：·overcome(过去分词作形容词)：the overcome challenges(已克服的挑战) 8.decline/dr'klam/v.减少；降低：谢绝n.下降；衰退 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.):名词(n.) 动词核心义：减少：降低：谢绝 名词核心义：下降；衰退 ·必记搭配与例句：。decline in sth.(在某方面下降)：There has been a decline in sales this year. ●decline to do sth.(谢绝做某事)：She declined to comment on the matter. ·on the decline(在衰退中)：His health is on the decline. ·重点派生词：·declining(形容词)：declining population(不断减少的人口) 9.grand/graend/adj.宏伟的；壮丽的；隆重的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 3个核心义：宏伟的：壮丽的：隆重的 ·必记搭配与例句：·grand building(宏伟的建筑)：The palace is a grand building. ●grand ceremony(隆重的仪式)：They held a grand ceremony to celebrate. ●grand view(壮丽的景色)：We enjoyed the grand view from the mountain. ·重点派生词：·grandly(副词)：The guests were grandly received. ●grandeur(名词)：the grandeur of the mountains(山脉的壮丽) 10.gravity/'gravati//n.重力；引力 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：重力：引力 ·必记搭配与例句：●law of gravity(万有引力定律)：Newton discovered the law of gravity. ·the gravity of the situation(局势的严重性)：He didn't realize the gravity of the problem. ·重点派生词：●gravitational（形容词)：gravitational force(引力) 11.bonus./bUns/n.意外收获：额外好处：奖金：红利 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 3个核心义：意外收获；额外好处：奖金；红利 ·必记搭配与例句：●annual bonus(年度奖金)：He received a big annual bonus. ●a bonus of sth.(…的额外好处)：Learning English brings a bonus of better job opportunities.. ·重点派生词：·bonus（形容词作定语)：bonus points(额外积分) 高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 12.in spite of虽然；不顾；尽管…（仍…） ·核心考点：词性：介词短语 核心义：虽然；不顾；尽管…（仍…） ·必记搭配与例句：●in spite of the rain(尽管下雨)：In spite of the rain,.we went out. ●in spite of oneself(不由自主地)：He laughed in spite of himself. ·用法辨析：in spite of+名词/代词/动名词，though/although+句子：In spite of being tired,he kept working.Though he was tired,he kept working. 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The sun from behind the clouds after the rain stopped. ·A.emerged ●B.coincidence ·C.clueless ●D.incubation 2.By we both chose the same restaurant for dinner. ·A.emerge ●B.coincidence ●C.evaluation ●D.grand 3.He was completely about how to solve the math problem. ●A.theoretical ●B.overcome ·C.clueless 。D.decline 4.The period of this disease is usually 7 to 14 days 高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 ●A.incubation ●B.evaluation ●C.gravity ●D.bonus 5.Teachers need to students'performance regularly. ●A.emerge ●B.evaluate 。C.decline ●D.incubate 6.This is just a solution;we need to test it in practice. ·A.theoretical 。B.grand ●C.gravitational ·D.evaluative 7.She managed to her fear and gave a great speech. ·A.decline ●B.overcome ·C.coincide 。D.emerge 8.There has been a sharp in the number of tourists this year. ●A.bonus ·B.gravity ●C.decline 高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 ·D.grandeur 9.The ceremony was held to celebrate the school's 100th anniversary. ●A.theoretical ·B.grand 。C.clueless ●D.declining 10.Newton's law of explains why objects fall to the ground. ·A.gravity ●B.evaluation ●C.incubation 。D.bonus 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The (emerge)of new technology has changed our lives greatly. 2.We need to make a careful (evaluate)of the project before starting it. 3. (Theory)physics is a very challenging subject for many students. 4.She was (overcome)with sadness when she heard the bad news. 5.The (decline)in birth rate has become a serious problem in many countries. 6.The hotel offers a special (bonus)for customers who book in advance. 7. (Incubate)eggs requires the right temperature and humidity. 8.He gave an (evaluative)report on the new product. 3.三、首字母填空 1.In s of the heavy snow,they still went to work on time. 2.Theg view from the top of the mountain took our breath away. 3.She received an a_ bonus for her excellent performance this year. 4.The c_ of meeting her old friend in a foreign country was really amazing 5.The doctor explained the g of the patient's condition to his family. 高中·北师大版·选修4 寒假专版 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.A5B6.A7B8.C9B10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.emergence 2.evaluation 3.Theoretical 4.overcome 5.decline 6.bonus 7.Incubating 8.evaluative ·三、首字母填空 1.spite 2.grand 3.annual 4.coincidence 5.gravity