Unit 3 Food and ethics 二-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第四册Unit3 Food and ethics二 单元词汇总览 monitor/'mpnita(r)/v.监视：检的 extract/k'straekt/v.提取：提炼 查：跟踪调查；n.班长 destruction/d'stak/n.摧毁；fetch /fet∫YV.售得，卖得（某 sympathy/'sImpa0i/n.同情 毁灭：破坏 价)：（去）拿来：（去）请来 numerous/'nju:mrs/adj.众多 arouse/e'rauz/v.激起，引起（感expansion/k'spaenfn/n.扩张：扩 的：许多的 情、态度) 展：扩大 cruel /kru:/adj.叼引起痛苦的：残mineral/'mmeral/n.矿物：矿物cuisine /kwr'zin/n.烹饪；风，味： 酷的：冷酷的；残忍的 质 饭菜；菜肴 nest /nest//n.鸟巢；鸟窝 shortage/btd3/n.不足；缺少： urban/'3ba/ad.城镇的；城市短缺 词汇核心考点精讲 1.monitor/mDnita(r)/v.监视；检查：跟踪调查；n.班长 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n.) 2个核心义：监视：检查（动词）、班长（名词） ·必记搭配与例句：·monitor sb./sth.(监视某人/某物)：Teachers monitor students''progress ●class monitor(班长)：He was elected class monitor ·重点派生词：●monitoring(名词)：the monitoring of air quality(空气质量监测) ●nonitorial(形容词)：monitorial system（导生制) 2.sympathy/'sImp0i/n.同情 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：同情 ·必记搭配与例句：·express sympathy for(对…表示同情)：I expressed sympathy for her loss. ●in sympathy with(赞同；支持)：We are in sympathy with their aims. ·重点派生词：●sympathize(动词)：sympathize with others(同情他人) ●sympathetic(形容词)：a sympathetic listener(富有同情心的倾听者) 3.numerous/'nju:meras/adj.众多的：许多的 高中沪教版 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 1个核心义：众多的；许多的 ·必记搭配与例句：。numerous problems（众多问题)：We faced numerous problems. ●numerous times(多i次)：He has been there numerous times.. ·重点派生词：●numerously(副词)：be numerously represented(有众多代表) ●numerousness(名词)：the numerousness of the population(人口众多) 4.cruel /kru:al/adj.引起痛苦的；残酷的；冷酷的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 3个核心义：引起痛苦的：残酷的：冷酷的 ·必记搭配与例句：●be cruel to(对…残忍)：It's cruel to treat animals badly.. ●cruel war(残酷的战争)：The cruel war caused many deaths. ·重点派生词：·cruelly(副词)：treat sb.cruelly(残忍地对待某人) ●cruelty(名词)：the cruelty of the crime(罪行的残忍) 5.urban/'3ban/adj.城镇的；城市的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：城镇的：城市的 ·必记搭配与例句：●urban area(城区)：Most people live in urban areas.. ·urban development(城市发展)：Urban development has changed the city. ·重点派生词：·urbanize(动词)：urbanize the countryside（使农村城市化) ●urbanization(名词)：the process of urbanization(城市化进程) 6.destruction/d'strAkn/n.摧毁：毁灭；破坏 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：摧毁：毁灭；破坏 ·必记搭配与例句：●the destruction of(…的毁灭)：The fire caused the destruction of the building. ●environmental destruction(环境破坏)：We must stop environmental destruction. ·重点派生词：●destroy(动词)：destroy the evidence(销毁证据) ●destructive(形容词)：destructive storm(破坏性风暴) 7.arouse /a'rauz//v.激起，引起（感情、态度） ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.) 1个核心义：激起，引起（感情、态度） ·必记搭配与例句：·arouse interest(引起兴趣)：The book aroused my interest, ·arouse suspicion（☑引起怀疑)：His behavior aroused suspicion. 高中沪教版 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：●arousing(形容词)：an arousing speech(振奋人心的演讲) ·arousal(名词)：emotional arousal(情绪激发) 8.shortage'btdn.不足；缺少；短缺 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：不足：缺少：短缺 ·必记搭配与例句：●shortage of(…的短缺)：There is a shortage of water. ●energy shortage(能源短缺)：The country faces an energy shortage. ·重点派生词：●short(形容词)：short of money(缺钱) ●shorten(动词)：shorten the time(缩短时间) 9.extract/k'straekt/V.提取；提炼 ·核心考点：词性：动词(V) 1个核心义：提取；提炼 ·必记搭配与例句：●extract from（从.中提取)：They extract oil from olives. ●extract information(获取信息)：The police extracted information from him. ·重点派生词：●extraction(名词)：the extraction of minerals(矿旷物的开采) ●extractor(名词)：juice extractor(榨汁机) 10.expansion/k'spaenfn/n.扩张：扩展；扩大 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：扩张：扩展：扩大 ·必记搭配与例句：●expansion of(…的扩张)：he expansion of the company（公司的扩张) ●territorial expansion(领土扩张)：The country aimed at territorial expansion, ·重点派生词：·expand(动词)：expand the business（拓展业务) ·expansive(形容词)：expansive views(开阔的视野) 1l.cuisine /kw'zin/n.烹饪；风味；饭菜；菜肴 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：烹饪；菜肴 ·必记搭配与例句：·Chinese cuisine(中国菜)：I like Chinese cuisine very much. ·local cuisine(地方风味)：We tried the local cuisine. ·重点派生词：·cuisinier(名词)：a famous cuisinier(著名厨师) ●culinary(形容词)：culinary skills(烹饪技巧) 词汇核心考点综合训练 高中沪教版 寒假专版 1.一、单项选择 1.Teachers need to students'learning progress regularly. ●A.monitor ●B.sympathy ●C.numerous ●D.cuel 2.We expressed for the victims of the earthquake. ●A.urban ●B.destruction ●C.sympathy ●D.shortage 3.There are books in the school library. ●A.cuel ●B.nume1rous 。C.urban ●D.expansion 4.It is to kill animals for fun. ●A.arouse ●B.extract ●C.cuel ●D.cuisine 5.More and more people move to areas for better jobs ●A.urban 高中沪教版 寒假专版 ·B.shortage ●C.destruction ●D.nonitoring 6.The fire led to the of many historical buildings. ●A.expansion 。B.destruction ·C.sympathy ●D.extraction 7.His speech great interest among the audience. ●A.aroused ·B.shortened 。C.urbanized ●D.nonitored 8.The country is facing a serious of fresh water. ●A.expansion ●B.cuisine ·C.shortage ·D.sympathy 9.They plan to oil from this new field. ●A.expand ●B.extract ●C.arouse ·D.sympathize 10.The company announced its into the asian market. 高中沪教版 寒假专版 ·A.destruction ●B.expansion ●C.monitoring 。D.cruelty 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The (monitor)of air quality is very important for public health 2.She is always (sympathy)towards people in trouble 3.The population of this city has increased (numerous)in recent years. 4.The boss treated his employees (cruel),which made them very angry. 5.The process of」 (urban)has accelerated in the past decade 6.The storm caused (destroy)to many houses in the village. 7.The movie's ending left the audience with a strong sense of (arouse). 8.We need to find a solution to the (short)of skilled workers. 3.三、首字母填空 1.As the class m he is responsible for keeping order in the classroom 2.I have great s_ for those who lost their homes in the flood. 3.The city has n_ parks where people can relax and exercise. 4.The cruel king showed no m to his enemies. 5.The restaurant is famous for its delicious local c 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 ACBCABACBB ·二、根据提示补全句子 monitoring sympathetic numerously cruelly urbanization destruction arousal shortage ·三、首字母填空 monitor sympathy numerous mercy cuisine