Unit 6 单词讲解 2025-2026学年鲁教版（五四学制）英语七年级上册

鲁教(五四制)英语七上Unit6 单词讲解 pack /p k/ v. 词性:动词(v.) 含义:打包;收拾(行李) 搭配:pack clothes 打包衣服;pack a suitcase 收拾行李箱;pack up 整理;打包行李;pack sth for 为……打包某物 例句:She is packing her bags for the trip tomorrow.(她正在为明天的旅行收拾行李。)/ Please pack up your things before leaving.(离开前请整理好你的东西。) pack up 短语 含义:整理;打包(行李) 用法:可单独使用,也可接宾语表示“打包某物”,口语和书面语中均常用。 例句:We need to pack up before the hotel checkout time.(我们需要在酒店退房前打包好行李。)/ He packed up his books and left the classroom.(他整理好书本离开了教室。) bathroom / b ru m/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:浴室;洗手间 搭配:go to the bathroom 去洗手间;a clean bathroom 干净的浴室;bathroom mirror 浴室镜子;bathroom towel 浴室毛巾 例句:There is a shower in the bathroom.(浴室里有一个淋浴间。)/ She is washing her hands in the bathroom.(她正在洗手间洗手。) sort /s t/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:把……分类;整理;名词:种类;类别 搭配:sort sth out 整理某物;sort into 把……分成;sort out the rubbish 分类垃圾;a sort of 一种;all sorts of 各种各样的 例句:She is sorting the clothes by color.(她正在按颜色整理衣服。)/ There are all sorts of books in the library.(图书馆里有各种各样的书。) bedroom / bedru m/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:卧室;寝室 搭配:a big bedroom 一间大卧室;go to the bedroom 去卧室;bedroom window 卧室窗户;bedroom furniture 卧室家具 例句:My bedroom is next to my sister’s.(我的卧室在我姐姐的旁边。)/ He is reading a book in his bedroom.(他正在卧室里看书。) balcony / b lk ni/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:阳台 搭配:stand on the balcony 站在阳台上;a small balcony 一个小阳台;balcony flowers 阳台花卉;dry clothes on the balcony 在阳台晾衣服 例句:We often drink tea on the balcony in the evening.(我们晚上经常在阳台上喝茶。)/ There are some potted plants on the balcony.(阳台上有一些盆栽植物。) hang up 短语 含义:挂起;挂断电话 用法:可表示“挂起衣物、毛巾等”,也可表示“挂断电话”,后接宾语时需注意搭配(hang up sth 或 hang sth up)。 例句:Hang up your coat on the hook.(把你的外套挂在钩子上。)/ She hung up the phone without saying goodbye.(她没说再见就挂断了电话。) invite / n va t/ v. 词性:动词(v.) 含义:邀请 搭配:invite sb to sth 邀请某人参加某事;invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事;invite friends to a party 邀请朋友参加派对 例句:I invited my classmates to my birthday party.(我邀请了我的同学参加我的生日派对。)/ She invited me to go shopping with her.(她邀请我和她一起去购物。) living room 短语 含义:客厅;起居室 说明:家庭中用于休息、会客的主要房间,固定搭配。 例句:We watch TV together in the living room every evening.(我们每天晚上一起在客厅看电视。)/ There is a big sofa in the living room.(客厅里有一个大沙发。) arrival / ra vl/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:到达;抵达 词根:arrive(v. 到达)+ al(名词后缀) 搭配:the arrival of sb/sth 某人/某物的到达;on arrival 到达时;wait for sb’s arrival 等待某人的到来 例句:We were happy at the arrival of our new friend.(我们为新朋友的到来而高兴。)/ On arrival, please call me.(到达后,请给我打电话。) yet /jet/ adv. & conj. 词性:副词(adv.);连词(conj.) 含义:副词(用于否定句和疑问句):还;尚未;连词:但是;然而 用法:用于否定句末尾,表示“还没做某事”;用于疑问句末尾,表示“已经做了吗”;作连词时,表转折,语气较轻。 例句:I haven’t finished my homework yet.(我还没完成我的作业。)/ Have you seen him yet?(你已经见到他了吗?)/ He is young, yet he is very brave.(他很年轻,但是很勇敢。) add / d/ v. 词性:动词(v.) 含义:添加;加;增加 搭配:add sth to sth 把……加入……;add up 加起来;add up to 总计达 例句:Add some sugar to the coffee.(往咖啡里加一些糖。)/ These numbers add up to 100.(这些数字加起来是100。) add sth to sth 短语 含义:把……加入……;把……添加到…… 用法:add 为及物动词,后接“要添加的东西”,to 后接“添加到的对象”。 例句:She added some milk to the tea.(她往茶里加了一些牛奶。)/ Add this address to your phone book.(把这个地址添加到你的电话簿里。) go shopping 短语 含义:去购物;逛街 用法:固定搭配,go + 动名词(shopping)表示“去做某事”,口语和书面语中均常用。 例句:My mother often goes shopping on weekends.(我妈妈经常在周末去购物。)/ We will go shopping this afternoon.(我们今天下午要去购物。) biscuit / b sk t/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:饼干 搭配:a box of biscuits 一盒饼干;eat biscuits 吃饼干;sweet biscuits 甜饼干;salty biscuits 咸饼干 例句:I bought a box of biscuits for my little brother.(我给我的小弟弟买了一盒饼干。)/ She likes eating biscuits with milk.(她喜欢就着牛奶吃饼干。) borrow / b r / v. 词性:动词(v.) 含义:借;借入 搭配:borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物;borrow a book 借书;borrow money 借钱;borrow a pen 借一支笔 辨析:borrow 表示“借入”(从别人那里借东西给自己用);lend 表示“借出”(把自己的东西借给别人用)。 例句:I borrowed a dictionary from the library.(我从图书馆借了一本字典。)/ Can I borrow your pen?(我能借一下你的钢笔吗?) plan /pl n/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:策划;打算;计划;名词:计划;方案 搭配:plan to do sth 计划做某事;plan a trip 策划一次旅行;make a plan 制定计划;a travel plan 旅行计划;carry out a plan 执行计划 例句:We plan to go to Beijing next month.(我们计划下个月去北京。)/ He made a plan for his summer vacation.(他为他的暑假制定了一个计划。) treasure / tre (r)/ n. & v. 词性:名词(n.);动词(v.) 含义:名词:宝物;财富;珍宝;动词:珍视;珍爱 搭配:a treasure chest 宝箱;hidden treasure 宝藏;treasure sth 珍视某物;treasure friendship 珍惜友谊 例句:They found a lot of treasure in the old cave.(他们在古老的洞穴里发现了很多宝藏。)/ I treasure the time with my family.(我珍视和家人在一起的时光。) hunt /h nt/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:搜寻;打猎;追捕;名词:搜寻;狩猎 搭配:hunt for 搜寻;寻找;hunt animals 打猎;a treasure hunt 寻宝游戏;go hunting 去打猎 例句:They are hunting for the missing key.(他们正在搜寻丢失的钥匙。)/ People used to hunt for food in the forest.(人们过去常常在森林里打猎获取食物。) treasure hunt 短语 含义:寻宝游戏 说明:一种娱乐活动,参与者寻找预先藏好的“宝藏”(如小礼物、纸条等),固定搭配。 例句:We played a treasure hunt at the party and had a good time.(我们在派对上玩了寻宝游戏,玩得很开心。)/ The teacher organized a treasure hunt for the students.(老师为学生们组织了一场寻宝游戏。) lift /l ft/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:举起;抬起;拿起;名词:搭便车;电梯 搭配:lift sth up 举起某物;lift a box 搬箱子;give sb a lift 开车顺便送某人;take the lift 坐电梯;a lift to school 搭便车去学校 例句:He lifted the heavy box easily.(他轻松地举起了那个重箱子。)/ Can you give me a lift to the station?(你能开车顺便送我去车站吗?)/ I take the lift to the 5th floor every day.(我每天坐电梯到5楼。) give sb a lift 短语 含义:开车顺便送某人;让某人搭便车 用法:口语中常用,lift 此处为名词“搭便车”,也可表达为 give sb a ride。 例句:My father gave me a lift to school this morning.(今天早上我爸爸开车顺便送我去学校。)/ She gave her neighbor a lift to the supermarket.(她开车顺便送她的邻居去超市。) until / n t l/ prep. & conj. 词性:介词(prep.);连词(conj.) 含义:到……时;直到……为止 用法:后接时间点(介词)或句子(连词),表示动作持续到某个时间为止;用于否定句时,表“直到……才”。 例句:I will wait for you until 7 o’clock.(我会等你到7点钟。)/ He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.(直到他妈妈回来,他才去睡觉。) be careful with 短语 含义:注意;当心;小心(对待某物/某人) 用法:后接名词、代词,表示“小心处理某物”或“当心某人”。 例句:Be careful with the glass; it’s easy to break.(小心这个杯子,它很容易碎。)/ You should be careful with your money.(你应该小心保管你的钱。) movie / mu vi/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:电影 同义:film(英式英语常用) 搭配:watch a movie 看电影;a funny movie 一部喜剧电影;action movie 动作片;go to the movies 去看电影 例句:We watched a wonderful movie last night.(我们昨晚看了一部精彩的电影。)/ She wants to see a movie this weekend.(她这个周末想去看电影。) the movies 短语 含义:电影院;电影产业 用法:复数形式,特指“电影院”(相当于 the cinema),也可指“电影行业”。 例句:Let’s go to the movies this evening.(我们今晚去电影院吧。)/ He works in the movies.(他在电影行业工作。) dead /ded/ adj. 词性:形容词(adj.) 含义:不运行的;死的;无生命的 搭配:a dead battery 没电的电池;a dead tree 枯树;dead silence 死寂;be dead 是死的/不运行的 例句:My phone can’t turn on because the battery is dead.(我的手机开不了机,因为电池没电了。)/ There is a dead bird on the ground.(地上有一只死鸟。) note /n t/ n. & v. 词性:名词(n.);动词(v.) 含义:名词:笔记;记录;便条;音符;动词:注意;指出 搭配:take notes 做笔记;a note book 笔记本;leave a note 留一张便条;note sth down 记下某物;note that 从句(注意到……) 例句:Please take notes in class.(请在课堂上做笔记。)/ She left a note on the table for her mother.(她在桌子上给她妈妈留了一张便条。)/ I noted that he was late again.(我注意到他又迟到了。) take notes 短语 含义:做笔记;记笔记 用法:固定搭配,note 此处为名词“笔记”,也可表达为 take down notes。 例句:The students are taking notes carefully in class.(学生们正在课堂上认真做笔记。)/ I always take notes when I read books.(我看书的时候总是做笔记。) clean up 短语 含义:清扫;清理;收拾干净 用法:可单独使用,也可接宾语表示“清理某物/某地”。 例句:We need to clean up the classroom before leaving.(我们离开前需要把教室打扫干净。)/ She cleaned up the kitchen after dinner.(晚饭后她把厨房清理干净了。) community /k mju n ti/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:社区;社团;群体 搭配:a small community 一个小社区;community service 社区服务;community center 社区中心;live in the same community 住在同一个社区 例句:People in our community are very friendly.(我们社区的人都很友好。)/ We often take part in community service.(我们经常参加社区服务。) rubbish / r b / n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:垃圾;废弃物 同义:trash(美式英语);garbage(美式英语) 搭配:throw away rubbish 扔垃圾;sort rubbish 分类垃圾;rubbish bin 垃圾桶;collect rubbish 收集垃圾 例句:Please put the rubbish into the bin.(请把垃圾放进垃圾桶里。)/ We should sort our rubbish every day.(我们应该每天给垃圾分类。) almost / lm st/ adv. 词性:副词(adv.) 含义:差不多;几乎;将近 用法:修饰形容词、副词、动词或名词,表“接近某种状态或数量”,可置于句首、句中或句末。 例句:It’s almost 8 o’clock; we need to hurry up.(快8点了,我们得快点。)/ He almost missed the bus.(他差点错过了公交车。)/ Almost all the students are here.(几乎所有的学生都来了。) journey / d ni/ n. & v. 词性:名词(n.);动词(v.) 含义:名词:旅行;历程;旅途;动词:旅行 辨析:journey 多指“长途旅行”,侧重旅途的过程;trip 多指“短途旅行”,侧重一次出行。 搭配:a long journey 一次长途旅行;have a good journey 旅途愉快;journey to 去……旅行;go on a journey 去旅行 例句:His journey from Beijing to London took 12 hours.(他从北京到伦敦的旅途花了12个小时。)/ They journeyed to the countryside last weekend.(他们上周末去乡下旅行了。) pull /p l/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:拉;拖;拽;名词:拉;拖;拉力 搭配:pull sth 拉某物;pull sb 拖某人;pull up 停下;pull down 推倒;a pull on the rope 拉绳子 辨析:pull 表示“拉”(向自己的方向用力);push 表示“推”(向远离自己的方向用力)。 例句:Pull the door open; don’t push it.(把门拉开,别推。)/ He pulled the box to the corner.(他把盒子拖到了角落。) luggage / l d / n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:行李(总称,不可数) 同义:baggage(美式英语,不可数) 搭配:carry luggage 搬行李;check in luggage 托运行李;hand luggage 手提行李;a piece of luggage 一件行李 例句:I have a lot of luggage to carry.(我有很多行李要搬。)/ She took two pieces of luggage with her.(她随身带了两件行李。) ah / / interj. 词性:感叹词(interj.) 含义:啊(表示高兴、惊奇、恍然大悟等情绪) 用法:用于口语中,表达即时的情绪反应,无实际语义,语气可轻可重。 例句:Ah! I see what you mean now.(啊!我现在明白你的意思了。)/ Ah! What a beautiful flower!(啊!多么漂亮的花啊!) share sth with sb 短语 含义:把……与……分享;和某人共用某物 用法:share 为及物动词,后接“要分享的东西”,with 后接“分享的对象”。 例句:She shares her toys with her little brother.(她把她的玩具和她的小弟弟分享。)/ Can I share the umbrella with you?(我能和你共用一把伞吗?) mm /m/ (=mmm) interj. 词性:感叹词(interj.) 含义:嗯(表示喜欢、同意、思考等情绪) 用法:口语中常用,多表示品尝食物时的“美味”,或思考时的“迟疑”,也可表示“同意”。 例句:Mm, this cake is delicious!(嗯,这个蛋糕真好吃!)/ Mm, let me think about it.(嗯,让我想一想。) familiar /f m li (r)/ adj. 词性:形容词(adj.) 含义:熟悉的;熟知的 搭配:be familiar with sth/sb 熟悉某物/某人;be familiar to sb 对某人来说是熟悉的;a familiar face 熟悉的面孔 例句:I am familiar with this song.(我熟悉这首歌。)/ This place is familiar to me.(这个地方对我来说很熟悉。) joke /d k/ n. & v. 词性:名词(n.);动词(v.) 含义:名词:笑话;玩笑;动词:开玩笑;说笑话 搭配:tell a joke 讲笑话;make a joke 开玩笑;play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑;a funny joke 一个有趣的笑话 例句:He told us a funny joke and we all laughed.(他给我们讲了一个有趣的笑话,我们都笑了。)/ Don’t joke with him; he is serious now.(别和他开玩笑,他现在很认真。) several / sevr l/ pron. & adj. 词性:代词(pron.);形容词(adj.) 含义:代词:几个;一些;形容词:几个的;若干的 用法:修饰可数名词复数,表“数量不多(3-10个左右)”,可置于名词前(形容词)或单独使用(代词)。 例句:I have several friends in this city.(我在这个城市有几个朋友。)/ Several of them are my classmates.(他们中的几个人是我的同学。) nod /n d/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:点头(表示同意、打招呼、示意等);名词:点头 搭配:nod one’s head 点头;nod agreeingly 点头表示同意;nod at sb 向某人点头打招呼;give a nod 点头 例句:She nodded her head to show she agreed.(她点了点头,表示她同意。)/ He gave me a nod when he passed by.(他经过时向我点了点头。) writer / ra t (r)/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:作者;作家 词根:write(v. 写)+ er(名词后缀,表“做某事的人”) 搭配:a famous writer 一位著名的作家;a science fiction writer 科幻作家;read a writer’s books 读一位作家的书 例句:Lu Xun is a great Chinese writer.(鲁迅是一位伟大的中国作家。)/ She wants to be a writer when she grows up.(她长大后想成为一名作家。) text /tekst/ n. & v. 词性:名词(n.);动词(v.) 含义:名词:正文;文本;短信;动词:(用手机给某人)发短信 搭配:read the text 读正文;text message 短信;send a text 发短信;text sb 给某人发短信 例句:Please read the text carefully and answer the questions.(请仔细阅读正文并回答问题。)/ He texted me to say he would be late.(他给我发短信说他会迟到。) describe /d skra b/ v. 词性:动词(v.) 含义:描述;形容;描绘 搭配:describe sth/sb 描述某物/某人;describe sth as 把某物描述为……;describe how/what/where 从句 描述如何/什么/哪里 例句:Can you describe the man you saw?(你能描述一下你看到的那个男人吗?)/ She described the scenery as beautiful.(她把那景色描述为美丽的。) decorate / dek re t/ v. 词性:动词(v.) 含义:装饰;装潢;布置 搭配:decorate sth with sth 用某物装饰某物;decorate a room 装饰房间;decorate the Christmas tree 装饰圣诞树 例句:We decorated our classroom with balloons for the party.(我们为了派对用气球装饰了我们的教室。)/ She decorated her room with beautiful pictures.(她用漂亮的图片装饰了她的房间。) childish / t a ld / adj. 词性:形容词(adj.) 含义:孩子的;孩子气的;稚嫩的 词根:child(n. 孩子)+ ish(形容词后缀,表“具有……性质的”) 搭配:childish behavior 孩子气的行为;childish voice 稚嫩的声音;childish games 儿童游戏 例句:It’s childish to argue over such a small thing.(为这么小的事情争吵是孩子气的。)/ She has a childish smile.(她有着稚嫩的笑容。) cover / k v (r)/ v. & n. 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.) 含义:动词:遮盖;覆盖;包括;名词:遮盖物;封皮;封面 搭配:cover sth with sth 用某物遮盖某物;cover a lot of topics 涵盖很多话题;book cover 书的封面;a cover for the bed 床罩 例句:Cover the food with a plate to keep it warm.(用盘子盖住食物,保持温度。)/ The book has a beautiful cover.(这本书有一个漂亮的封面。)/ This course covers English grammar and vocabulary.(这门课程涵盖英语语法和词汇。) poster / p st (r)/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:海报;招贴画 搭配:a movie poster 电影海报;put up a poster 张贴海报;a concert poster 音乐会海报;decorate with posters 用海报装饰 例句:There is a movie poster on the wall.(墙上有一张电影海报。)/ We put up some posters in the classroom.(我们在教室里张贴了一些海报。) scissors / s z z/ n. 词性:名词(n.)(复数形式) 含义:剪刀 用法:本身为复数,不可数(无单数形式),表示“一把剪刀”用 a pair of scissors。 搭配:a pair of scissors 一把剪刀;use scissors 用剪刀;cut with scissors 用剪刀剪;sharp scissors 锋利的剪刀 例句:Can you pass me a pair of scissors?(你能递给我一把剪刀吗?)/ She cut the paper with scissors.(她用剪刀剪了纸。) glue / lu / n. & v. 词性:名词(n.);动词(v.) 含义:名词:胶水;胶;动词:粘贴;粘住 搭配:a bottle of glue 一瓶胶水;use glue 用胶水;glue sth to sth 把某物粘在某物上;glue two pieces of paper 把两张纸粘在一起 例句:I need some glue to make the model.(我需要一些胶水来做模型。)/ She glued the photo to the notebook.(她把照片粘在了笔记本上。) paper-cut / pe p (r)k t/ n. 词性:名词(n.) 含义:剪纸 说明:中国传统民间艺术形式,固定复合名词,也可写作 paper cut。 搭配:Chinese paper-cut 中国剪纸;make paper-cuts 做剪纸;beautiful paper-cuts 漂亮的剪纸;paper-cut works 剪纸作品 例句:Paper-cut is a famous traditional art in China.(剪纸是中国著名的传统艺术。)/ She can make beautiful paper-cuts.(她会做漂亮的剪纸。) ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $