寒假语法作文Unit 4讲义2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

八年级下册学习1 学生 日期 2026.2.5 时间 7-9 课题 八年级下册U4 学习（沪教新版） 语法+作文专项练习 目录 八年级下册U4 重点语法：一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态 1 知识点 1：一般过去时的被动语态 1 知识点 2：一般将来时的被动语态 2 知识点 3：主动语态与被动语态的转换（过去 / 将来时） 2 二、语法综合练习 3 第 1 题：单项选择题（15 题） 3 第 2 题：填空题（10 题） 5 第 3 题：句子改写（10 题） 5 三、作文指导：写一篇关于传统手工艺人的文章 6 写作思路（4 步模板） 6 好词好句 6 提升作文的小技巧 6 优秀范文（3 篇，每篇约 100 词） 6 范文 1： 6 四、课后作业 7 八年级下册U4 重点语法：一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态 知识点 1：一般过去时的被动语态 规则：一般过去时的被动语态由 was /were + 过去分词 构成，用于描述过去发生的被动动作或状态。 · 例句： · The painting was damaged by fire.（这幅画被火损坏了。） · The two parts of the painting were shown together at last in 2011.（这幅画的两部分终于在 2011 年一起展出。） · 注意：当需要强调动作执行者时，可在句末添加 by + 执行者。 选择题（3 题） 1.The old house ______ by a storm last year. A. destroy B. destroys C. was destroyed D. destroyed 2.Many traditional stories ______ into films in the 1980s. A. turn B. turns C. were turned D. turned 3.The first part of the painting ______ to a friend as a present. A. give B. gives C. was given D. gave 知识点 2：一般将来时的被动语态 规则：一般将来时的被动语态由 will be + 过去分词 构成，用于描述将来要发生的被动动作。 · 例句： 1. The paintings will be displayed in the library.（这些画将在图书馆展出。） 1. The artist will be invited to give a talk.（这位艺术家将被邀请做一次演讲。） 选择题（3 题） 1.A new exhibition ______ in the museum next month. A. hold B. holds C. will be held D. held 2.More traditional crafts ______ on the school website soon. A. show B. shows C. will be shown D. showed 3.The winner of the competition ______ a special prize. A. give B. gives C. will be given D. gave 知识点 3：主动语态与被动语态的转换（过去 / 将来时） 规则： 过去时：主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词变为 “was /were + 过去分词”。 将来时：主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词变为 “will be + 过去分词”。 · 主动：People split the painting into two pieces.（人们把这幅画分成了两部分。） · 被动：The painting was split into two pieces.（这幅画被分成了两部分。） 选择题（3 题） 1.People built the old temple hundreds of years ago.（改为被动句） A. The old temple was built hundreds of years ago. B. The old temple built hundreds of years ago. C. The old temple is built hundreds of years ago. D. People were built the old temple hundreds of years ago. 2.They will show the new film next week.（改为被动句） A. The new film will show next week. B. The new film will be shown next week. C. They will be shown the new film next week. D. The new film is shown next week. 3.He wrote the book in 1990.（改为被动句） A. The book was written in 1990. B. The book wrote in 1990. C. He was written the book in 1990. D. The book is written in 1990. 二、语法综合练习 第 1 题：单项选择题（15 题） （ 1 ）The story ______ into a film last year. A. make B. makes C. was made D. made （ 2 ）Many old buildings ______ by the government next year. A. protect B. protects C. will be protected D. protected （ 3 ）The letter ______ to me yesterday. A. send B. sends C. was sent D. sent （ 4 ）The new library ______ next month. A. open B. opens C. will be opened D. opened （ 5 ）The bridge ______ in 2000. A. build B. builds C. was built D. built （ 6 ）The plan ______ at the meeting tomorrow. A. discuss B. discusses C. will be discussed D. discussed （ 7 ）The song ______ by many people in the 1990s. A. sing B. sings C. was sung D. sang （ 8 ）The problem ______ in the next class. A. solve B. solves C. will be solved D. solved （ 9 ）The painting ______ into two pieces in 1650. A. split B. splits C. was split D. split （10）The exhibition ______ in the museum next week. A. hold B. holds C. will be held D. held （11）The book ______ into many languages. A. translate B. translates C. was translated D. translated （12）The new law ______ next month. A. introduce B. introduces C. will be introduced D. introduced （13）The old man ______ by his children last week. A. visit B. visits C. was visited D. visited （14）The project ______ by the end of this year. A. complete B. completes C. will be completed D. completed （15）The traditional skill ______ by young people now. A. learn B. learns C. is learned D. learned 学生错题记录： 第 2 题：填空题（10 题） (1) The painting ______ (split) into two pieces in 1650. (2) The two parts of the painting ______ (show) together in 2011. (3) A new exhibition ______ (hold) in the museum next month. (4) Many traditional crafts ______ (teach) in schools now. (5) The book ______ (write) by a famous author last year. (6) The winner ______ (give) a special prize tomorrow. (7) The old house ______ (damage) by a storm last year. (8) The new library ______ (open) next week. (9) The story ______ (make) into a film next year. (10) The traditional skill ______ (keep) alive by young people. 学生错题记录： 第 3 题：句子改写（10 题） 1. People built the old bridge in 1890.（改为被动句） 2. They will show the new film next month.（改为被动句） 3. He wrote the novel in 2005.（改为被动句） 4. The teacher will ask us to finish the work on time.（改为被动句） 5. They split the painting into two pieces.（改为被动句） 6. People protect the old temple now.（改为被动句） 7. The company will build a new factory next year.（改为被动句） 8. He damaged the car last week.（改为被动句） 9. They will discuss the plan at the meeting.（改为被动句） 10. People translated the book into many languages.（改为被动句） 三、作文指导：写一篇关于传统手工艺人的文章 写作思路（4 步模板） 表格 步骤 关键内容 例句 ① 介绍人物 描述人物的基本信息和技艺 Mr Chen is an inheritor of a cultural heritage skill: dough figurines. ② 描述过程 详细介绍制作手工艺品的步骤 He makes dough toys of different sizes. Only a small piece of dough and some simple tools are required. ③ 表达情感 说明人物对手工艺的热爱和传承 He is happy and proud to keep this traditional art alive. ④ 总结意义 强调传统手工艺的文化价值 I like Mr Chen's toys because they are very lovely and lifelike. 好词好句 · 人物介绍：... is an inheritor of a cultural heritage skill. / He has devoted his life to ... · 过程描述：First, ... / Next, ... / Finally, ... / Only ... are required to make ... · 情感表达：He is happy and proud to ... / It brings him great joy to ... · 总结意义：This traditional art is very important because ... / It is a treasure of our culture. · 高分句型：By keeping this art alive, he is passing on our cultural heritage to the next generation. / It is not just a craft, but a way to connect with our past. 提升作文的小技巧 1. 使用被动语态：在描述制作过程时，如 “Only a small piece of dough and some simple tools are required”，能更客观地介绍工艺。 2. 加入细节：描述手工艺品的外观、手感或制作时的声音，让文章更生动。 3. 结合文化背景：介绍这种手工艺的历史和文化意义，增加文章深度。 4. 检查语法：重点检查被动语态和时态的一致性。 优秀范文（3 篇，每篇约 100 词） 范文 1： Mr Chen's Dough Figurines Mr Chen makes toys from dough. He is an inheritor of a cultural heritage skill. He is over 50 years old and his hands are rough from working with dough all the time. He makes dough toys of different sizes, like the Monkey King. He uses different colours of dough to make the toys more interesting. He is happy and proud to keep this traditional art alive. 范文 2： A Paper-cutting Artist Mrs Li is a paper-cutting artist. She learned this skill from her grandmother when she was a child. Paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese art that uses scissors to cut beautiful shapes from paper. She cuts flowers, animals, and Chinese characters. Her works are very delicate and lifelike. She often teaches children how to make paper-cuts, so the skill can be passed on. 范文 3： A Calligrapher Mr Wang is a famous calligrapher. He has been practicing calligraphy for over 40 years. Calligraphy is the art of beautiful writing. He uses a brush and ink to write Chinese characters on paper. His works are powerful and elegant. He believes that calligraphy is not just writing, but a way to express one's thoughts and feelings. He often holds exhibitions to share his love of this traditional art. 学生作文： 四、课后作业 一．语法填空。 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains ①______ (paint) by Huang Gongwang in the Yuan Dynasty. It ②______ (consider) one of the greatest masterpieces in Chinese art history. The painting ③______ (split) into two pieces in 1650 when it ④______ (damage) by fire. For centuries, the two parts ⑤______ (separate). In 2011, they ⑥______ (show) together for the first time in over 300 years. Today, the painting ⑦______ (keep) in two different museums. A new exhibition ⑧______ (plan) for next year, where the two parts ⑨______ (display) together again. 2． 语法选择。 Traditional Chinese crafts are a ①______ part of our cultural heritage. They ②______ from generation to generation, and each one tells a story about our history and culture. One of the most ③______ crafts is paper-cutting. Paper-cutting is a simple but beautiful art form. It ④______ scissors to cut shapes from paper. The designs are often flowers, animals, or Chinese characters. In the past, paper-cuts ⑤______ to decorate windows and doors during festivals. Today, many young people are ⑥______ in learning traditional crafts. They understand the importance of ⑦______ our cultural heritage alive. Some artists even ⑧______ modern technology with traditional skills to create new and exciting works. By learning and practicing these crafts, we can ⑨______ our connection to the past and ⑩______ the beauty of traditional Chinese art to the world. 1. value B. valuable C. valueless D. invaluable 2. pass B. passes C. are passed D. passed 3. fame B. famous C. famously D. faming 4. use B. uses C. is used D. used 5. use B. uses C. were used D. used 6. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interests 7. keep B. keeping C. kept D. to keep 8. combine B. combines C. are combined D. combined 9. strengthen B. strengthens C. are strengthened D. strengthened 10. show B. shows C. are shown D. showed 三．阅读理解（2 篇，每篇约 350 词） 阅读 1：Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is one of the most famous paintings in Chinese art history. It was painted by Huang Gongwang, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty. The painting shows the beautiful countryside of Jiangnan and takes us on a breathtaking journey through the mountains. The painting has a long and dramatic history. It was painted in the 14th century and was given as a present to a frien d. Over the years, it changed hands many times. In 1650, it was damaged by fire and split into two pieces. The two parts were separated for over 300 years. In 2011, the two parts of the painting were finally shown together in one exhibition. This was a historic moment for Chinese art. Today, the painting is kept in two different museums, but it remains a symbol of China's rich artistic heritage. 题目 1.Who painted Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains? A. Zhang Zeduan B. Huang Gongwang C. Gu Kaizhi D. Wang Xizhi 2.What happened to the painting in 1650? A. It was completed. B. It was given as a present. C. It was damaged by fire and split into two pieces. D. It was shown together again. 3.When were the two parts of the painting shown together again? A. In 1350 B. In 1650 C. In 2011 D. In 2021 4.What does the painting show? A. The beautiful countryside of Jiangnan. B. The busy streets of a city. C. A battle scene. D. A portrait of a famous person. 5.What is the main theme of the passage? A. The history and significance of a famous Chinese painting. B. The life of the artist Huang Gongwang. C. The different styles of Chinese painting. D. The importance of protecting cultural heritage. 阅读 2：The Art of Dough Figurines Dough figurines, or "mian ren," are a traditional Chinese folk art. They are made from coloured dough and can be shaped into a variety of characters, animals, and objects. The art of making dough figurines has a history of over 2,000 years. Traditionally, dough figurines were made by street artists. They would carry a small box of dough and tools, and create figurines for children on the spot. The figurines were often characters from Chinese operas or folk tales, like the Monkey King or Guan Yu. Today, dough figurines are still popular. Many artists are working to keep this traditional art alive. They use modern techniques and materials to create new and exciting designs. Some even use 3D printing to help shape the dough. Dough figurines are not just toys; they are a form of cultural expression. They tell stories about Chinese history, culture, and values. By keeping this art alive, we are preserving a part of our heritage for future generations. 题目 1.What are dough figurines made from? A. Clay B. Coloured dough C. Wood D. Paper 2.How long has the art of dough figurines existed? A. Over 100 years B. Over 500 years C. Over 1,000 years D. Over 2,000 years 3.Who traditionally made dough figurines? A. Street artists B. Professional painters C. Children D. Royal artisans 4.What are dough figurines often shaped into? A. Characters from Chinese operas and folk tales. B. Modern cartoon characters. C. Animals from the zoo. D. Famous buildings. 5.Why is it important to keep the art of dough figurines alive? A. Because they are popular toys for children. B. Because they are a form of cultural expression and part of our heritage. C. Because they are easy to make. D. Because they are expensive to buy. 五、参考答案（最后一页） 一、重点语法选择题答案 · 知识点 1：1.C 2.C 3.C · 知识点 2：1.C 2.C 3.C · 知识点 3：1.A 2.B 3.A 二、语法综合练习答案 · 第 1 题：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.C · 第 2 题：1.was split 2.were shown 3.will be held 4.are taught 5.was written 6.will be given 7.was damaged 8.will be opened 9.will be made 10.is kept · 第 3 题：1.The old bridge was built in 1890. 2.The new film will be shown next month. 3.The novel was written in 2005. 4.We will be asked to finish the work on time by the teacher. 5.The painting was split into two pieces. 6.The old temple is protected by people now. 7.A new factory will be built by the company next year. 8.The car was damaged by him last week. 9.The plan will be discussed at the meeting. 10.The book was translated into many languages by people. 四、课后作业答案 · 作业 1：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.C · 作业 2：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A · 作业 3：阅读 1：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A；阅读 2：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.B 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $