内容正文:
北师大版英语七上Unit4语法讲解及习题
情态动词can、冠词
一、语法核心内容
(一)情态动词 can(表示“能力、许可”)
1. 含义
can 是情态动词,主要用来表达“能力”(会做某事)或“许可”(可以做某事),无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。
2. 肯定形式
结构:主语 + can + 动词原形
例句:
I can swim like a fish.(我能像鱼一样游泳。)
He can sing really well.(他唱歌唱得很好。)
This robot can do many things.(这个机器人能做很多事。)
3. 否定形式
结构:主语 + can't (can not) + 动词原形
例句:
I can't ski.(我不会滑雪。)
I can't write songs.(我不会写歌。)
4. 疑问形式
结构:Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
回答:Yes, 主语 + can. / No, 主语 + can't.
例句:
A: Can you play football?(你会踢足球吗?)
B: Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
5. Your Discovery 总结(中文)
用法:我们用 can 来表达“能力(会做某事)”。
肯定形式:I/You/He/She/It/We/They + can + 动词原形。
否定形式:I/You/He/She/It/We/They + can't + 动词原形。
(二)冠词(Articles)
英语中的冠词分为不定冠词(a/an)和定冠词(the),用于限定名词。
1. 不定冠词 a / an
a:用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前。
例句:He is a good singer.(他是一位好歌手。)
an:用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。
例句:He is an excellent piano player.(他是一位优秀的钢琴演奏者。)
含义:表示“一”,泛指某一类人或事物中的“一个”。
2. 定冠词 the
用法:用于特指的人或事物前,或双方都知道的人或事物前。
例句:He is also the winner of a talent show.(他也是一场才艺秀的获胜者。)
含义:表示“这/那”,特指某一特定的人或事物。
3. Your Discovery 总结
不定冠词 a/an:用于泛指“一个”,a 用于辅音音素开头的词前,an 用于元音音素开头的词前。
定冠词 the:用于特指“这/那”,指特定的人或事物。
二、练习题
(一)用 can / can't 填空
1. I ___________ swim, but I ___________ ski.
2. He ___________ play the piano very well.
3. This robot ___________ clean the room.
4. She ___________ dance, but she ___________ sing.
5. We ___________ speak English, but we ___________ speak Japanese.
6. You ___________ come to my party.
7. They ___________ play football after school.
8. My father ___________ drive a car.
9. I ___________ cook, but my mother ___________ cook very well.
10. The bird ___________ fly, but the cat ___________ fly.
(二)用 a / an / the 填空
1. He is ___________ good singer and songwriter.
2. He is ___________ excellent piano player.
3. He is also ___________ winner of ___________ talent show.
4. I have ___________ new friend. ___________ friend is from America.
5. There is ___________ apple on the table. ___________ apple is red.
6. She is ___________ doctor. She works in ___________ hospital.
7. I want to be ___________ actor in ___________ future.
8. There is ___________ old man under ___________ tree.
9. ___________ Earth is our home.
10. I bought ___________ book yesterday. ___________ book is very interesting.
(三)句型转换
1. I can swim.(改为否定句)
I ___________ swim.
2. He can play football.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
___________ he play football?
Yes, he ___________.
3. She can dance.(对划线部分提问)
What ___________ she ___________?
4. They can speak English.(改为否定句)
They ___________ speak English.
5. Can you sing?(作否定回答)
No, I ___________.
(四)单项选择
1. I ___________ play the guitar.
A. can B. can't C. am
2. He ___________ swim, but he ___________ skate.
A. can; can B. can; can't C. can't; can
3. Can you speak Chinese?
Yes, I ___________.
A. can B. can't C. am
4. He is ___________ good student.
A. a B. an C. the
5. She is ___________ honest girl.
A. a B. an C. the
6. This is ___________ book I bought yesterday.
A. a B. an C. the
7. There is ___________ apple on the table.
A. a B. an C. the
8. ___________ moon is round.
A. A B. An C. The
9. Can you help me?
No, I ___________.
A. can B. can't C. am
10. What ___________ you do?
I can play football.
A. can B. can't C. do
三、答案与解析
(一)用 can / can't 填空
1. can; can't
2. can
3. can
4. can; can't
5. can; can't
6. can
7. can
8. can
9. can't; can
10. can; can't
解析:can 表示“会、能”,can't 表示“不会、不能”,后接动词原形。
(二)用 a / an / the 填空
1. a
2. an
3. the; a
4. a; The
5. an; The
6. a; the
7. an; the
8. an; the
9. The
10. a; The
解析:a 用于辅音音素开头的词前,an 用于元音音素开头的词前;the 用于特指的人或事物前。
(三)句型转换
1. can't
2. Can; can
3. can; do
4. can't
5. can't
解析:
否定句在 can 后加 not;
一般疑问句将 can 提前;
对动作提问用 what can...do?
(四)单项选择
1. A 解析:can 后接动词原形,表示“会做某事”。
2. B 解析:but 表示转折,前后意思相反。
3. A 解析:Can you...? 的肯定回答是 Yes, I can.
4. A 解析:good 以辅音音素开头,用 a。
5. B 解析:honest 以元音音素开头,用 an。
6. C 解析:特指昨天买的那本书,用 the。
7. B 解析:apple 以元音音素开头,用 an。
8. C 解析:世界上独一无二的事物前用 the。
9. B 解析:Can you...? 的否定回答是 No, I can't.
10. A 解析:根据答语 I can play football. 可知问句用 can。
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