精品解析：江苏常州市第一中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末质量调研高二英语试题

常州市第一中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末质量调研 高二英语试卷 (时间：120分钟 页数：共13页 满分：150分) 2026年1月 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Parent and child. 2. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny. 3. What is John doing now? A. Playing football. B. Watching TV. C. Doing revision. 4. When will the next bus leave? A. At 9:30. B. At 9:35. C. At 10:00. 5. Where does the woman plan to take her holiday this year? A. In Canada. B. In Turkey. C. In Italy. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why is the blouse so expensive? A. It’s from China. B. It’s made of silk. C. It looks nice. 7. How much will the woman pay in total? A. 150 dollars. B. 240 dollars. C. 300 dollars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What is the man planning to buy? A. A garden. B. A house. C. A farm. 9. What do we know about the house? A. It is large. B. It needs fixing. C. It has one bedroom. 10. What does the man suggest growing? A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Potatoes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. When did the man begin his first horse riding lesson? A. Yesterday. B. Last week. C. A month ago. 12. What did the man think of his first horse riding lesson? A. Boring. B. Difficult. C. Interesting. 13. What did the woman say about her teacher? A. She was a good teacher. B. She was an excellent rider. C. She was a humorous person. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Why does the woman go to England today? A. To visit a friend. B. To go shopping. C. To do business. 15. What kind of tickets will the woman buy? A. Single ones. B First-class ones. C. Weekly return ones. 16. When will the return flight leave? A. At 8:15 a.m. B. At 6:50 p.m. C. At 9:30 p.m. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How long will it take to get to the museum? A. About 20 minutes. B. About 30 minutes. C. About 50 minutes. 18. What is special about the trip for the students? A. They can pick up ancient pots to study. B. They can take old rings out of the glass case. C. They’ll take a related test when back at school. 19. How do the students find information in the Technology Center? A. By using iPads. B. By using computers. C. By asking Jane witton. 20. What does the speaker want the students to do after the trip? A. Make postcards B. Draw posters. C. Give reports. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，共37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Discovery Pass With a NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass, you can • get unlimited booked travel to more than 365 destinations on the NSW TrainLink Regional train and coach network • choose a pass that suits your travel plans: 14 days, one month, three months or six months • choose a class of travel that suits your style: Economy or First Class (Premium) Please note that you cannot book a child ticket online with a Discovery Pass. You will instead need to call 13 22 32 or visit a sales agent. Before purchasing a pass, please read the relevant terms and rules. A NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass is non-refundable and it cannot be assigned to another person. Prices Pass type 14 days 1 month 3 months 6 months Adult Economy $232 $275 $298 $420 Adult Premium $300 $350 $400 $550 Child Economy $121 $143 $154 $220 Child Premium $154 $176 $220 $275 How to purchase a pass and book trips Step 1: Purchase a Discovery Pass Choose a time limit and class of travel that suits your needs. Step 2: Book your trips After you purchase a Discovery Pass, you have up to one month to book your first trip. The time limit on your pass will start from the departure date of your first booked trip. All trips must be booked and taken before the expiry (到期) date indicated on the pass. You must book each trip before you travel. Find out more about ways to book your ticket? Visit our website: https: /transportnsw.info/tickets-opal/regional-tickets-fares/ways-to-book-your-ticket 1. You can use a NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass to ______. A. book a child ticket online B. choose a class of travel that suits you C. choose a weekly, monthly or yearly pass D. get booked travel to unlimited destinations 2. If a mother with a child wants to buy a one-month NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass for Economy Class, she should pay . A. $353 B. $418 C. $693 D. $876 3 What can we know about a NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass? A. A pass can be given to another person. B. A pass can be refunded to NSW Trains. C. The time limit on a pass starts from the day of your purchase. D. You should book your first trip within one month after your purchase. B Cai Lei, former vice-president of JD Group, reveals how amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) diagnosis (诊断) set him on the path to find a cure. Born to a farmer’s family in 1978, Cai has been deeply influenced by his father’s idea that “one has to fight for himself”. Since primary school, he has been getting up before 5 am to run and study English. At 29, Cai became chief tax manager in Vanke Co. In 2011, he joined JD Group, where he led his team to develop the first electronic invoice (发票) in China. Wherever he worked, he always tried his best to create new value. Diagnosed with ALS in 2019, he would have only two to five years to live. ALS is usually caused by the gradual death of motor neurons (神经元), which makes normally easy movements like drinking water, eating, going to the bathroom, and speaking impossible. Finally, patients will completely rely on machines and others’ help to survive. So far, only two medicines are available to treat ALS, but they can at most extend patients’ life for several months without improving their living quality. To develop effective drugs is the only way to save ALS patients. However, the intense effort required, which is unprofitable for so rare an illness, makes it a mission almost impossible. It usually takes 10-15 years to complete the research cycle for a new drug and the cost is $1-3billion. Take Alzheimer’s disease for example. Between 2000 and 2017, investment in new drugs for this more common disease was over $600 billion, and 99.6% of the research on more than 300 drugs failed. Cai decided to take matters into his own hands. He started his own medical technology company, built his own research team, and volunteered to try more than 30 new medicines which all failed. However, he has decided that even if all efforts prove fruitless, he will continue. To shoot the last bullet, he has decided to donate his brain and spinal cord for scientific research. He will not die for nothing. 4. What kind of person is Cai Lei? A. Extremely ambitious and well-mannered. B. Quite reliable and clear-headed. C. Highly motivated and strong-willed. D. Well informed and warm-hearted. 5. What might happen to people diagnosed with ALS? A. Maintaining a normal life by taking medicines. B. Losing the ability to think and speak normally. C. Needing external assistance to survive in the end. D. Dying within months of a confirmed diagnosis. 6. Why is Alzheimer’s disease mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To prove Alzheimer to be a common disease. B. To talk about the severity of Alzheimer. C. To ask for more investment in the research on ALS. D. To explain the difficulty of finding a cure for ALS. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A man who never gives in. B. Joint efforts to fight ALS. C. ASL, a rare deadly disease. D. Suffering of a man with ALS. C A form of gene therapy that is already being trialled in patients with Parkinson’s disease might provide a treatment for severe alcohol addiction. Alcohol misuse is the biggest risk factor for death, disability and ill health among people aged 15 to 49 in the UK, responsible for 9,641 deaths during 2021. Like other addictive substances, alcohol triggers the release of a feelgood chemical in the brain called dopamine. However, long-term drinking decreases dopamine release, and people who are addicted to alcohol don’t tend to feel pleasure in drinking it any more. “It seems that they’re drinking more because they feel a need to maintain a drunk state,” said Prof Kathleen Grant at Oregon Health and Science University. The idea of the gene therapy was to try to reset this dopamine reward pathway by enhancing the function of brain cells that synthesize dopamine. Like humans, some macaque monkeys are more likely to drink heavily than others: if you begin to offer them the choice of 5% alcohol alongside their regular food and water, some monkeys will eventually almost always choose the alcohol. Grant and her colleagues wondered whether resetting their dopamine reward pathways might contain their desire to drink alcohol. To do this, they used a harmless virus to deliver the gene for a protein called glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to an area of the brain that is involved in addiction and reward. “We targeted the cell bodies that produce dopamine with this gene to increase dopamine synthesis, thus supplementing or restoring what long-term drinking has taken away,” Grant said. The research, which was published in Nature Medicine, found that the macaques permanently started overexpressing dopamine and decreased their alcohol consumption by up to 90%. “We are entering an era of gene therapy for neurological disorders and perhaps mental disorders, and I think this study is very promising in that direction.” Grant said. She added that animal studies are needed before the technique could be tested on humans. Also, because the gene therapy procedure involves brain surgery, it would probably only ever be used in the most severe cases of alcohol addiction. 8. Why do severe alcohol addicts drink more? A. Because they long for desired pleasure. B. Because they have a form of gene defect. C. Because they want to escape from reality. D. Because they suffer from deadly disability. 9. The underlined word “synthesize” in paragraph 3 can best be replaced by ________. A. Stimulate. B. Produce. C. Charge. D. Delay. 10. What did Grant’s study focus on? A. The life habit of macaque monkeys. B. The way to control alcohol addiction. C. The working mechanism of dopamine. D. The function of the protein called GDNF. 11. What did Grant suggest about the gene therapy? A. Employ it to treat severe alcohol addiction only. B. Replace it with more efficient methods if necessary. C. Confirm its effectiveness with more tests on humans. D. Put it into widespread use on other common species. D Now, artificial intelligence (AI) is coming for the most attractive and exciting jobs. Stars may worry that AI is stealing their work and giving less talented performers the skills to take away their audience. In fact, the famous individuals complaining the most loudly about the new technology are the ones who stand to benefit the most. Far from weakening star power, AI will make the biggest celebrities bigger than ever by allowing them to be in all markets, in all types of media, at all times. This isn’t the first time that technology has changed the rules of the fame game. People started talking about stars in the 18th century when the widespread access to reading materials made it possible to be truly famous within your lifetime. Film and radio originally seemed like a threat to stars, who worried their live performances would be devalued. In fact, those technologies started the era of the superstar, a term that caught on in the 1920s. A similar worry greeted the invention of television. But again, the new tech made the famous even more so, bringing them into every living room. As AI-generated content floods into the entertainment business, artists and entertainment professionals are worrying once more that their fame will be reduced — and again, the outcome is likely to be the opposite. These opportunities come with conditions attached. Artists are right to worry about copyright, which must be protected if AI is not to become a legalised form of piracy. Until these copyright concerns are addressed, AI will be a legal Wild West. The bigger question is how the age of the all-around superstar will appeal to audiences. The risk is boredom. AI is brilliant at remixing and repeating old material but less good at creating exciting content that, for now, remains a human specialty. Yet the entertainment market is highly self-correcting. Audiences have the power to turn a hot hit into a has-been one in an instant, as stars are all too aware. While AI-powered entertainment grows, consumers still seem to enjoy human drama. Sport, perhaps the most AI-proof, real-life event there is, has seen its value to media companies rise in recent years. 12. What is the primary concern of stars in paragraph 1? A. The inability to master AI. B. The low level of their acting skills. C. The decline in their popularity. D. The improvement of audience’s taste. 13. Why does the author mention “film, radio and television”? A. To show the difficulties facing the stars then. B. To prove the techno-panic is common in history. C. To confirm AI will surely come into every family. D. To predict the trend of the technological development. 14. How can superstars attract audience according to the text? A. By avoiding the use of AI. B. By cooperating with directors. C. By learning more advanced technologies. D. By improving content creation. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The era of AI is around the corner. B. AI creates a brand-new entertainment industry. C. AI makes stars worried and audience demanding. D. AI is more of a helper than an imagined threat to stars. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today, what we have, is an always-in-your-pocket, 24/7 news cycle. When you open a news app, you’ll notice a brief moment when the “old news” is still there. In a flash, the ancient history of a few hours ago is swept away for the next “breaking news”. ____16____ It’s endless, but you had better keep up. Researchers introduce this world to the phrase, “noise bottleneck”. A noise bottleneck is where we are overwhelmed with so much information or noise that our cognitive (认知的) abilities can’t keep up. ____17____ Thus, while our attention can watch hours of videos, our long-term learning processes can’t. ____18____ We watch TV holding our phones, and we listen to music while shopping. However, the human brain might have structural limitation rooted in the cognitive architecture which causes the slowing down that occurs when two tasks are performed at the same time. In short, your brain is not as good as you think it is. You are a human being who can only take in so much a day. Understanding the noise bottleneck allows us to fix it. So, here are three tips to get you going: Clear your content-set up a new account on social media and follow only accounts or people that you think are really valuable. Single-task — you don’t need to rid the phone but do rid the distractions. ____19____ Say, “I will only read this magazine after dinner.” Multitasking is for show; single-tasking is for pros. Accept your limits — you’ll never read all the news. Accept you can only choose two or three and embrace that fact. ____20____ You’re getting more out of those few than that “super-productive” person on social media who says they read five books a week. After all, it’s better to have a little remembered than a lot forgotten. A. Give yourself a time limit or restriction if it helps. B. Don’t beat yourself up that you’re being unproductive. C. Every second you are presented with new information. D. Breaking through the noise bottleneck is a legendary idea. E. The matter is made worse by our modern addiction to multitasking. F. Multitasking has dramatically changed the way we use information. G. Our brains have limited resources, spread across numerous functions. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a first-generation Asian immigrant (移民) who had grown up in poverty, I knew I was beyond ____21____ to be admitted into Harvard. I loved books, but it never crossed my mind to become a(n)____22____ of any sort. I didn’t ____23____ to have unrealistic dreams. Still, something ____24____ me. My deskmate had ____25____ our friendship recently. There wasn’t a dramatic fight or disagreement. He had ____26____ moved on to new friends. I felt an ache in my chest that ____27____ night. I started doodling (涂鸦) on my notepad and then, suddenly, my hand started writing words. I’d written a poem about him. There on the page was the truth about how much it hurt to ____28____ him. That tiny poem was a ____29____that rooted in my heart. I realized I could possibly become a writer and from that moment on, it was all I _____30_____to do. So I changed my field of study to English. I _____31_____ my first short stories while I was still a student. I went on to write my first novel, Girl in Translation, which became an international _____32_____ and is taught in schools around the world. That night, I learned that art isn’t a _____33_____ . It’s at the core of what makes us human. Although I’d believed that immigrants couldn’t afford to be _____34_____, I understood then that we had always been the ultimate artists,_____35_____ourselves again and again as we try to adapt to a new landscape. 21. A. innocent B. fortunate C. dependent D. voluntary 22. A. surgeon B. lawyer C. artist D. engineer 23. A. expect B. regret C. agree D. refuse 24. A. bothered B. inspired C. interested D. satisfied 25. A. adapted to B. shown off C. broken off D. referred to 26. A. unwillingly B. cautiously C. helplessly D. simply 27. A. fancy B. peaceful C. happy D. lonely 28. A. marry B. upset C. lose D. desert 29. A. romance B. seed C. secret D. shadow 30. A. hesitated B. resolved C. declined D. pretended 31. A. bought B. borrowed C. priced D. published 32. A. gap B. effort C. challenge D. bestseller 33. A. necessity B. luxury C. game D. reality 34. A. practical B. reliable C. energetic D. creative 35. A. rescuing B. recreating C. recovering D. relaxing 第二节 单词填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)根据所给词的适当形式或者根据提示填空。 36. In both cases, potential problems should ________ (identify), and the relative probability and impact of each risk should be estimated. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. High-quality products of the civil company have earned a high reputation ________ (domestic) and will export globally soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. Employing his ________ (conventional) methods, he has inspired students more deeply than anyone else. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39. We should avoid ________ (consumption) by negative emotions like anger and anxiety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. I ________ (wrestle) with the tough maths problem for hours, but I haven’t worked it out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. When you come to my home at this time tomorrow, I ________ (bury) myself in playing video games. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42. ________ (initial) are the capital letters that begin each word of a name. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43. Engaging in physical activity for 15 minutes remains ________ (superiority) to complete inactivity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. Despite original doubts, the thorough ________ (analyze) have ultimately revealed that my approach is correct. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. Some schools will have to make ________ (adjust) to the declining birth rate in our country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. With academic pressure accumulating, students with a wide range of mental problems already ________ (arise). (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Such courses ________ (关系词) are recommended by Mr. Smith are optional for us. (用适当的词填空) 48. With the development of Chinese rural tourism, some problems arises which will affect the _________ (sustain) development. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. To their disappointment, the snow ________ (tackle) on campus before the kids had a snowball fight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Compared with the temperature in the downtown area, the temperature in the ________ (suburb) area is lower. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，最近收到好友Ben来信，信中说他因为使用人工智能完成作业而受到老师批评。请你写一封回信，内容包括： （1）对使用人工智能完成作业的看法； （2）你的建议。 注意： （1）写作词数应80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Ben, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Thanksgiving for the Soul Working as a primary teacher in Pompton Lakes Primary School, New Jersey, I particularly believed in cultivating love in children from an early age. I wanted children to experience that it’s more blessed to give than to receive. I wanted them to understand that love of society and love of life is not just lip service; that people somehow have to make it come alive. I hoped they could experience a sense of their own power to make a difference. There was a rural area nearby where a lot of aged people lived in solitude (孤独). They either had no family or their children had left to work in big cities. Most of them lived on government aid to keep body and soul together. An agency, which was in charge of the elder people in this region, had once told me about a needy grandmother, Mrs. Wilson, who had lived alone for many years. I had always desired to do something for her. So I came up with the Thanksgiving plan. In October, I told the eight-year-olds in my class about my plan. “I’d like all of you to do extra jobs around the house to earn some money,” I said. “Then we’ll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for a needy grandma who might not have a nice dinner otherwise.” Early in Thanksgiving week, the boys and girls arrived in class clutching (紧握) their hard-earned money. They had cleared rubbish, set tables, washed dishes, helped with younger siblings. And now they couldn’t wait to go shopping. I watched while they ran up and down the supermarket aisles (货架通道). At last we headed toward the checkout, pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the trimmings (配料). Then someone spotted a “necessity”—flowers, which caught their attention. All kids ran toward the holiday flowers, with one proposing, “Flowers! We can buy her a bunch of flowers!” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Flowers may not be as practical as food.” I said. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With a food box and a bunch of flowers, we finally arrived at Mrs. Wilson’s home. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 常州市第一中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末质量调研 高二英语试卷 (时间：120分钟 页数：共13页 满分：150分) 2026年1月 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Parent and child. 2. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny. 3. What is John doing now? A. Playing football. B. Watching TV. C. Doing revision. 4. When will the next bus leave? A. At 9:30. B. At 9:35. C. At 10:00. 5. Where does the woman plan to take her holiday this year? A. In Canada. B. In Turkey. C. In Italy. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6 Why is the blouse so expensive? A. It’s from China. B. It’s made of silk. C. It looks nice. 7. How much will the woman pay in total? A. 150 dollars. B. 240 dollars. C. 300 dollars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What is the man planning to buy? A. A garden. B. A house. C. A farm. 9. What do we know about the house? A. It is large. B. It needs fixing. C. It has one bedroom. 10. What does the man suggest growing? A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Potatoes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. When did the man begin his first horse riding lesson? A. Yesterday. B. Last week. C. A month ago. 12. What did the man think of his first horse riding lesson? A. Boring. B. Difficult. C. Interesting. 13. What did the woman say about her teacher? A. She was a good teacher. B. She was an excellent rider. C. She was a humorous person. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Why does the woman go to England today? A. To visit a friend. B. To go shopping. C. To do business. 15. What kind of tickets will the woman buy? A. Single ones. B. First-class ones. C. Weekly return ones. 16. When will the return flight leave? A. At 8:15 a.m. B. At 6:50 p.m. C. At 9:30 p.m. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How long will it take to get to the museum? A. About 20 minutes. B. About 30 minutes. C. About 50 minutes. 18. What is special about the trip for the students? A. They can pick up ancient pots to study. B. They can take old rings out of the glass case. C. They’ll take a related test when back at school. 19. How do the students find information in the Technology Center? A. By using iPads. B. By using computers. C. By asking Jane witton. 20. What does the speaker want the students to do after the trip? A. Make postcards B. Draw posters. C. Give reports. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，共37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Discovery Pass With a NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass, you can • get unlimited booked travel to more than 365 destinations on the NSW TrainLink Regional train and coach network • choose a pass that suits your travel plans: 14 days, one month, three months or six months • choose a class of travel that suits your style: Economy or First Class (Premium). Please note that you cannot book a child ticket online with a Discovery Pass. You will instead need to call 13 22 32 or visit a sales agent. Before purchasing a pass, please read the relevant terms and rules. A NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass is non-refundable and it cannot be assigned to another person. Prices Pass type 14 days 1 month 3 months 6 months Adult Economy $232 $275 $298 $420 Adult Premium $300 $350 $400 $550 Child Economy $121 $143 $154 $220 Child Premium $154 $176 $220 $275 How to purchase a pass and book trips Step 1: Purchase a Discovery Pass Choose a time limit and class of travel that suits your needs. Step 2: Book your trips After you purchase a Discovery Pass, you have up to one month to book your first trip. The time limit on your pass will start from the departure date of your first booked trip. All trips must be booked and taken before the expiry (到期) date indicated on the pass. You must book each trip before you travel. Find out more about ways to book your ticket? Visit our website: https: /transportnsw.info/tickets-opal/regional-tickets-fares/ways-to-book-your-ticket 1. You can use a NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass to ______. A. book a child ticket online B. choose a class of travel that suits you C. choose a weekly, monthly or yearly pass D. get booked travel to unlimited destinations 2. If a mother with a child wants to buy a one-month NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass for Economy Class, she should pay . A. $353 B. $418 C. $693 D. $876 3. What can we know about a NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass? A. A pass can be given to another person. B. A pass can be refunded to NSW Trains. C. The time limit on a pass starts from the day of your purchase. D. You should book your first trip within one month after your purchase. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass的火车票服务。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“• choose a class of travel that suits your style: Economy or First Class (Premium).(•选择适合自己风格的舱位：经济舱或头等舱（高级舱）)”可知，你可以使用NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass来选择适合你的旅行等级。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Prices表格中“1 month”部分中可知，成人经济舱是$275，儿童经济舱是$143，故如果一位带孩子的母亲想买一张为期一个月的NSW TrainLink经济舱通票，她需要支付275+143=418美元。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Step 2: Book your trips部分中“After you purchase a Discovery Pass, you have up to one month to book your first trip.(购买探索通行证后，您最多有一个月的时间来预订您的第一次旅行)”可知，关于NSW TrainLink Discovery Pass，你应该在购买后一个月内预订你的第一次旅行。故选D。 B Cai Lei, former vice-president of JD Group, reveals how amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) diagnosis (诊断) set him on the path to find a cure. Born to a farmer’s family in 1978, Cai has been deeply influenced by his father’s idea that “one has to fight for himself”. Since primary school, he has been getting up before 5 am to run and study English. At 29, Cai became chief tax manager in Vanke Co. In 2011, he joined JD Group, where he led his team to develop the first electronic invoice (发票) in China. Wherever he worked, he always tried his best to create new value. Diagnosed with ALS in 2019, he would have only two to five years to live. ALS is usually caused by the gradual death of motor neurons (神经元), which makes normally easy movements like drinking water, eating, going to the bathroom, and speaking impossible. Finally, patients will completely rely on machines and others’ help to survive. So far, only two medicines are available to treat ALS, but they can at most extend patients’ life for several months without improving their living quality. To develop effective drugs is the only way to save ALS patients. However, the intense effort required, which is unprofitable for so rare an illness, makes it a mission almost impossible. It usually takes 10-15 years to complete the research cycle for a new drug and the cost is $1-3billion. Take Alzheimer’s disease for example. Between 2000 and 2017, investment in new drugs for this more common disease was over $600 billion, and 99.6% of the research on more than 300 drugs failed. Cai decided to take matters into his own hands. He started his own medical technology company, built his own research team, and volunteered to try more than 30 new medicines which all failed. However, he has decided that even if all efforts prove fruitless, he will continue. To shoot the last bullet, he has decided to donate his brain and spinal cord for scientific research. He will not die for nothing. 4. What kind of person is Cai Lei? A. Extremely ambitious and well-mannered. B. Quite reliable and clear-headed. C. Highly motivated and strong-willed. D. Well informed and warm-hearted. 5. What might happen to people diagnosed with ALS? A. Maintaining a normal life by taking medicines. B. Losing the ability to think and speak normally. C. Needing external assistance to survive in the end. D. Dying within months of a confirmed diagnosis. 6. Why is Alzheimer’s disease mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To prove Alzheimer to be a common disease. B. To talk about the severity of Alzheimer. C. To ask for more investment in the research on ALS. D. To explain the difficulty of finding a cure for ALS. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A man who never gives in. B. Joint efforts to fight ALS. C. ASL, a rare deadly disease. D. Suffering of a man with ALS. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了京东集团前副总裁蔡磊在得知自己患上渐冻症后，决心找到治愈方法的故事，展现了他高度的积极性和坚强的意志。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Since primary school, he has been getting up before 5 am to run and study English. At 29, Cai became chief tax manager in Vanke Co. In 2011, he joined JD Group, where he led his team to develop the first electronic invoice in China. Wherever he worked, he always tried his best to create new value.(从小学开始，他就每天早上5点前起床跑步、学习英语。29岁时，蔡磊成为万科公司税务总监。2011年，他加入京东集团，在那里他带领团队开发了中国第一张电子发票。无论在哪里工作，他总是尽力创造新的价值。)”和最后一段“He started his own medical technology company, built his own research team, and volunteered to try more than 30 new medicines which all failed. However, he has decided that even if all efforts prove fruitless, he will continue. To shoot the last bullet, he has decided to donate his brain and spinal cord for scientific research.(他创办了自己的医疗科技公司，组建了自己的研究团队，并自愿尝试了30多种新药，但都以失败告终。然而，他决定，即使所有的努力都证明是徒劳的，他也将继续下去。为了射出最后一颗子弹，他决定将自己的大脑和脊髓捐献给科学研究。)”可知，蔡磊从小努力上进，工作中积极创造价值，被确诊渐冻症后，积极寻求治疗办法，即使尝试新药失败，也决定继续下去，还要捐献大脑和脊髓用于科学研究，这说明他积极性很高且意志坚强。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ALS is usually caused by the gradual death of motor neurons (神经元), which makes normally easy movements like drinking water, eating, going to the bathroom, and speaking impossible. Finally, patients will completely rely on machines and others’ help to survive..(渐冻症通常是由运动神经元的逐渐死亡引起的，这使得喝水、吃饭、上厕所和说话等通常容易的动作变得不可能。最后，患者将完全依赖机器和他人的帮助来生存。)”可知，被诊断为渐冻症的人最终需要外部帮助才能生存。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It usually takes 10-15 years to complete the research cycle for a new drug and the cost is 1−3 billion. Take Alzheimer’s disease for example. Between 2000 and 2017, investment in new drugs for this more common disease was over 600 billion, and 99.6% of the research on more than 300 drugs failed.(开发一种新药通常需要10-15年的时间，成本为10-30亿美元。以阿尔茨海默病为例。2000年至2017年间，对这种更常见疾病的新药投资超过6000亿美元，对300多种药物的研究中，99.6%以失败告终。)”可知，第四段提到阿尔茨海默病是为了解释找到治愈渐冻症的方法有多难。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了京东集团前副总裁蔡磊在得知自己患上渐冻症后，决心找到治愈方法的故事，展现了他高度的积极性和坚强的意志，选项A“一个永不屈服的人”最适合作为本文标题。故选A。 C A form of gene therapy that is already being trialled in patients with Parkinson’s disease might provide a treatment for severe alcohol addiction. Alcohol misuse is the biggest risk factor for death, disability and ill health among people aged 15 to 49 in the UK, responsible for 9,641 deaths during 2021. Like other addictive substances, alcohol triggers the release of a feelgood chemical in the brain called dopamine. However, long-term drinking decreases dopamine release, and people who are addicted to alcohol don’t tend to feel pleasure in drinking it any more. “It seems that they’re drinking more because they feel a need to maintain a drunk state,” said Prof Kathleen Grant at Oregon Health and Science University. The idea of the gene therapy was to try to reset this dopamine reward pathway by enhancing the function of brain cells that synthesize dopamine. Like humans, some macaque monkeys are more likely to drink heavily than others: if you begin to offer them the choice of 5% alcohol alongside their regular food and water, some monkeys will eventually almost always choose the alcohol. Grant and her colleagues wondered whether resetting their dopamine reward pathways might contain their desire to drink alcohol. To do this, they used a harmless virus to deliver the gene for a protein called glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to an area of the brain that is involved in addiction and reward. “We targeted the cell bodies that produce dopamine with this gene to increase dopamine synthesis, thus supplementing or restoring what long-term drinking has taken away,” Grant said. The research, which was published in Nature Medicine, found that the macaques permanently started overexpressing dopamine and decreased their alcohol consumption by up to 90%. “We are entering an era of gene therapy for neurological disorders and perhaps mental disorders, and I think this study is very promising in that direction.” Grant said. She added that animal studies are needed before the technique could be tested on humans. Also, because the gene therapy procedure involves brain surgery, it would probably only ever be used in the most severe cases of alcohol addiction. 8. Why do severe alcohol addicts drink more? A. Because they long for desired pleasure. B. Because they have a form of gene defect. C. Because they want to escape from reality. D. Because they suffer from deadly disability. 9. The underlined word “synthesize” in paragraph 3 can best be replaced by ________. A. Stimulate. B. Produce. C. Charge. D. Delay. 10. What did Grant’s study focus on? A. The life habit of macaque monkeys. B. The way to control alcohol addiction. C. The working mechanism of dopamine. D. The function of the protein called GDNF. 11. What did Grant suggest about the gene therapy? A. Employ it to treat severe alcohol addiction only. B. Replace it with more efficient methods if necessary. C. Confirm its effectiveness with more tests on humans. D. Put it into widespread use on other common species. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种已经在帕金森氏症患者身上进行试验的基因疗法可能为严重的酒精成瘾提供治疗。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Like other addictive substances, alcohol triggers the release of a feelgood chemical in the brain called dopamine. However, long-term drinking decreases dopamine release, and people who are addicted to alcohol don’t tend to feel pleasure in drinking it any more. “It seems that they’re drinking more because they feel a need to maintain a drunk state,” said Prof Kathleen Grant at Oregon Health and Science University.”（像其他成瘾物质一样，酒精会引发大脑释放一种叫做多巴胺的感觉良好的化学物质。然而，长期饮酒会减少多巴胺的释放，而且嗜酒的人往往不会再从饮酒中感到快乐。俄勒冈健康与科学大学的凯瑟琳·格兰特教授说：“似乎他们喝得更多是因为他们觉得有必要保持醉酒状态。”）可推知，重度嗜酒者喝得更多是因为他们渴望想要的快乐。故选A项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“The idea of the gene therapy was to try to reset this dopamine reward pathway by enhancing the function of brain cells…”（基因疗法的想法是试图通过增强……脑细胞的功能来重置多巴胺奖励通路。）由此可知，此处为通过增强合成多巴胺的脑细胞的功能。故可猜测划线单词synthesize为“合成”的意思，结合选项B项Produce“生产，产生”意思一致。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Grant and her colleagues wondered whether resetting their dopamine reward pathways might contain their desire to drink alcohol. To do this, they used a harmless virus to deliver the gene for a protein called glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to an area of the brain that is involved in addiction and reward.”（格兰特和她的同事们想知道，重置多巴胺奖励通路是否会抑制他们喝酒的欲望。为了做到这一点，他们使用了一种无害的病毒，将一种叫做神经胶质源性神经营养因子(GDNF)的蛋白质基因传递到大脑中与成瘾和奖励有关的区域。）可知，格兰特的研究重点是控制酒瘾的方法。故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Also, because the gene therapy procedure involves brain surgery, it would probably only ever be used in the most severe cases of alcohol addiction.”（此外，由于基因治疗过程涉及脑部手术，它可能只会用于最严重的酒精成瘾病例。）可知，格兰特对基因疗法的建议是仅用于治疗严重的酒精成瘾。故选A项。 D Now, artificial intelligence (AI) is coming for the most attractive and exciting jobs. Stars may worry that AI is stealing their work and giving less talented performers the skills to take away their audience. In fact, the famous individuals complaining the most loudly about the new technology are the ones who stand to benefit the most. Far from weakening star power, AI will make the biggest celebrities bigger than ever by allowing them to be in all markets, in all types of media, at all times. This isn’t the first time that technology has changed the rules of the fame game. People started talking about stars in the 18th century when the widespread access to reading materials made it possible to be truly famous within your lifetime. Film and radio originally seemed like a threat to stars, who worried their live performances would be devalued. In fact, those technologies started the era of the superstar, a term that caught on in the 1920s. A similar worry greeted the invention of television. But again, the new tech made the famous even more so, bringing them into every living room. As AI-generated content floods into the entertainment business, artists and entertainment professionals are worrying once more that their fame will be reduced — and again, the outcome is likely to be the opposite. These opportunities come with conditions attached. Artists are right to worry about copyright, which must be protected if AI is not to become a legalised form of piracy. Until these copyright concerns are addressed, AI will be a legal Wild West. The bigger question is how the age of the all-around superstar will appeal to audiences. The risk is boredom. AI is brilliant at remixing and repeating old material but less good at creating exciting content that, for now, remains a human specialty. Yet the entertainment market is highly self-correcting. Audiences have the power to turn a hot hit into a has-been one in an instant, as stars are all too aware. While AI-powered entertainment grows, consumers still seem to enjoy human drama. Sport, perhaps the most AI-proof, real-life event there is, has seen its value to media companies rise in recent years. 12. What is the primary concern of stars in paragraph 1? A. The inability to master AI. B. The low level of their acting skills. C. The decline in their popularity. D. The improvement of audience’s taste. 13. Why does the author mention “film, radio and television”? A. To show the difficulties facing the stars then. B. To prove the techno-panic is common in history. C. To confirm AI will surely come into every family. D To predict the trend of the technological development. 14. How can superstars attract audience according to the text? A. By avoiding the use of AI. B. By cooperating with directors. C. By learning more advanced technologies. D. By improving content creation. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The era of AI is around the corner. B. AI creates a brand-new entertainment industry. C. AI makes stars worried and audience demanding. D. AI is more of a helper than an imagined threat to stars. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了AI对明星和娱乐行业的影响，指出尽管明星们担心AI会威胁他们的地位，但实际上AI将使他们更加出名，因为它能让明星无处不在。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Stars may worry that AI is stealing their work and giving less talented performers the skills to take away their audience. (明星们可能会担心，AI正在窃取他们的工作，并让那些才华稍逊的表演者获得技能，从而抢走他们的观众)”可知，明星们的主要担忧是受欢迎程度的下降。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Film and radio originally seemed like a threat to stars, who worried their live performances would be devalued. In fact, those technologies started the era of the superstar, a term that caught on in the 1920s. A similar worry greeted the invention of television. But again, the new tech made the famous even more so, bringing them into every living room. (电影和广播最初似乎对明星构成了威胁，他们担心自己的现场表演会因此贬值。然而事实上，这些技术开启了超级明星的时代，这一术语在20世纪20年代开始流行。电视的发明也引发了类似的担忧。但再一次，新技术使名人更加出名，将他们带入了每个家庭的客厅)”可知，电影、广播和电视这些新技术出现时，也被明星视为威胁，但最终却使明星更加出名。因此，作者提到这些技术是为了证明技术恐慌在历史上是常见的。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“AI is brilliant at remixing and repeating old material but less good at creating exciting content that, for now, remains a human specialty. (AI在重新混合和重复旧材料方面非常出色，但在创造令人兴奋的内容方面却不太擅长，而目前这仍然是人类的专长)”可知，超级明星可以通过提高内容创作来吸引观众。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In fact, the famous individuals complaining the most loudly about the new technology are the ones who stand to benefit the most. Far from weakening star power, AI will make the biggest celebrities bigger than ever by allowing them to be in all markets, in all types of media, at all times. (事实上，对新科技抱怨最强烈的人恰恰是那些最有可能从中受益的人。AI不仅不会削弱明星的影响力，反而会让那些最大的明星变得比以往更加耀眼，因为它使他们能够随时随地出现在所有市场和各类媒体中)”可知，文章主要讨论了AI对明星的影响，指出AI不仅不会削弱明星的力量，反而会扩大明星的影响力。因此，对于明星而言，AI更像是一个帮手，而不是想象中的威胁。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today, what we have, is an always-in-your-pocket, 24/7 news cycle. When you open a news app, you’ll notice a brief moment when the “old news” is still there. In a flash, the ancient history of a few hours ago is swept away for the next “breaking news”. ____16____ It’s endless, but you had better keep up. Researchers introduce this world to the phrase, “noise bottleneck”. A noise bottleneck is where we are overwhelmed with so much information or noise that our cognitive (认知的) abilities can’t keep up. ____17____ Thus, while our attention can watch hours of videos, our long-term learning processes can’t. ____18____ We watch TV holding our phones, and we listen to music while shopping. However, the human brain might have structural limitation rooted in the cognitive architecture which causes the slowing down that occurs when two tasks are performed at the same time. In short, your brain is not as good as you think it is. You are a human being who can only take in so much a day. Understanding the noise bottleneck allows us to fix it. So, here are three tips to get you going: Clear your content-set up a new account on social media and follow only accounts or people that you think are really valuable. Single-task — you don’t need to rid the phone but do rid the distractions. ____19____ Say, “I will only read this magazine after dinner.” Multitasking is for show; single-tasking is for pros. Accept your limits — you’ll never read all the news. Accept you can only choose two or three and embrace that fact. ____20____ You’re getting more out of those few than that “super-productive” person on social media who says they read five books a week. After all, it’s better to have a little remembered than a lot forgotten. A. Give yourself a time limit or restriction if it helps. B. Don’t beat yourself up that you’re being unproductive. C. Every second, you are presented with new information. D. Breaking through the noise bottleneck is a legendary idea. E. The matter is made worse by our modern addiction to multitasking. F. Multitasking has dramatically changed the way we use information. G. Our brains have limited resources, spread across numerous functions. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何克服“噪音瓶颈”。 【16题详解】 空前“In a flash, the ancient history of a few hours ago is swept away for the next “breaking news”.(转眼间，几小时前的古代史被下一条“突发新闻”一扫而光。)”说明旧的新闻会很快被新的新闻代替，C选项“Every second, you are presented with new information.(每一秒钟，你都会看到新的信息。)”说明每一秒都会有新的信息出现，和空前的“旧的新闻会很快被新的新闻代替”表达的意思相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 空前“Researchers introduce this world to the phrase, “noise bottleneck”. A noise bottleneck is where we are overwhelmed with so much information or noise that our cognitive (认知的) abilities can’t keep up.(研究人员向这个世界介绍了“噪音瓶颈”这个短语。噪音瓶颈是指我们被太多的信息或噪音淹没，以至于我们的认知能力无法跟上。)”解释说明什么是“噪音瓶颈”，空格处应该继续解释这个短语，G选项“Our brains have limited resources, spread across numerous functions.(我们的大脑资源有限，分散在许多功能上。)”说明了我们的大脑资源有限，分散在许多功能上，和空前所说的“我们被太多的信息或噪音淹没，以至于我们的认知能力无法跟上”表达意思一致，因此承接上文，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 空后“We watch TV holding our phones, and we listen to music while shopping. However, the human brain might have structural limitation rooted in the cognitive architecture which causes the slowing down that occurs when two tasks are performed at the same time.(我们拿着手机看电视，购物时听音乐。然而，人类大脑可能存在根植于认知结构的结构性限制，导致同时执行两项任务时速度变慢。)”说明我们同时干两件事情会导致执行两项任务时速度变慢，说明多任务处理是很糟的，E选项“The matter is made worse by our modern addiction to multitasking.(由于现代人沉迷于多任务处理，情况变得更糟。)”说明许多人沉迷于多任务，和后文人们拿着手机看电视这种现代人的习惯相承接，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空后“Say, “I will only read this magazine after dinner.”(你可以说：“我只会在晚饭后看这本杂志。”)”说明这是在给自己一点时间上的限制，A选项“Give yourself a time limit or restriction if it helps.(如果有帮助的话，给自己一个时间限制。)”说明要给自己一点时间限制，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 空前“Accept your limits—you’ll never read all the news. Accept you can only choose two or three and embrace that fact.(接受你的局限——你不可能读到所有的新闻。接受你只能选择两三个，并接受这个事实。)”说明要接受自己的局限，也就是不要责怪自己办不到一些事情，B选项“Don’t beat yourself up that you’re being unproductive.(不要责怪自己没有效率。)”说明了不要责怪自己，和前面的接受自己的局限性表达一致，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a first-generation Asian immigrant (移民) who had grown up in poverty, I knew I was beyond ____21____ to be admitted into Harvard. I loved books, but it never crossed my mind to become a(n)____22____ of any sort. I didn’t ____23____ to have unrealistic dreams. Still, something ____24____ me. My deskmate had ____25____ our friendship recently. There wasn’t a dramatic fight or disagreement. He had ____26____ moved on to new friends. I felt an ache in my chest that ____27____ night. I started doodling (涂鸦) on my notepad and then, suddenly, my hand started writing words. I’d written a poem about him. There on the page was the truth about how much it hurt to ____28____ him. That tiny poem was a ____29____that rooted in my heart. I realized I could possibly become a writer and from that moment on, it was all I _____30_____to do. So I changed my field of study to English. I _____31_____ my first short stories while I was still a student. I went on to write my first novel, Girl in Translation, which became an international _____32_____ and is taught in schools around the world. That night, I learned that art isn’t a _____33_____ . It’s at the core of what makes us human. Although I’d believed that immigrants couldn’t afford to be _____34_____, I understood then that we had always been the ultimate artists,_____35_____ourselves again and again as we try to adapt to a new landscape. 21. A. innocent B. fortunate C. dependent D. voluntary 22. A. surgeon B. lawyer C. artist D. engineer 23. A. expect B. regret C. agree D. refuse 24. A. bothered B. inspired C. interested D. satisfied 25. A. adapted to B. shown off C. broken off D. referred to 26. A. unwillingly B. cautiously C. helplessly D. simply 27. A. fancy B. peaceful C. happy D. lonely 28. A. marry B. upset C. lose D. desert 29. A. romance B. seed C. secret D. shadow 30. A. hesitated B. resolved C. declined D. pretended 31. A. bought B. borrowed C. priced D. published 32. A. gap B. effort C. challenge D. bestseller 33. A. necessity B. luxury C. game D. reality 34. A. practical B. reliable C. energetic D. creative 35. A. rescuing B. recreating C. recovering D. relaxing 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位成长在贫困中的第一代华裔移民，一位朋友的离去让他感到失落，他开始意识到自己对文学的兴趣。最终，他决定改读英文，成为一名作家，通过艺术来表达自己。这段经历让他明白艺术不是奢侈品而是人类内在的核心，移民也能拥有创造力。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为在贫困中长大的第一代亚洲移民，我知道能被哈佛大学录取真是太幸运了。A. innocent无辜的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. dependent依赖的；D. voluntary志愿的。根据后文“to be admitted into Harvard”可知，作者身为第一代亚洲移民，感到被哈佛大学录取很幸运。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢书，但我从来没有想过要成为任何一种艺术家。A. surgeon外科医生；B. lawyer律师；C. artist艺术家；D. engineer工程师。根据上文“I loved books”可知与书籍最接近的是艺术家，也呼应后文作者写诗。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没期待有不切实际的梦想。A. expect期待；B. regret后悔；C. agree同意；D. refuse拒绝。根据后文“to have unrealistic dreams”可知，作者认为从事艺术是自己没有期待的梦想。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，有些事还是困扰着我。A. bothered烦恼；B. inspired鼓舞；C. interested使感兴趣；D. satisfied满足。根据后文可知作者和朋友关系破裂，被这件事困扰着。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的同桌最近断绝了我们的友谊。A. adapted to适应于；B. shown off炫耀；C. broken off断裂；D. referred to参考。根据后文“moved on to new friends”可知，同桌断绝了和作者的友谊。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他“只是”转向了新朋友。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. helplessly无助地；D. simply仅仅。根据后文“moved on to new friends”以及上文“There wasn’t a dramatic fight or disagreement.(没有激烈的争吵或分歧)”可知，同桌“只是”转向了新朋友。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那个孤独的夜晚，我感到胸口一阵疼痛。A. fancy时髦的；B. peaceful和平的；C. happy快乐的；D. lonely孤独的。根据上文“I felt an ache in my chest that”以及作者和朋友关系破裂，所以是孤独的夜晚感到心痛。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一页上写着失去他是多么痛苦的真相。A. marry结婚；B. upset使沮丧；C. lose失去；D. desert抛弃。呼应上文“moved on to new friends”指作者失去了朋友。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那首小诗就像一颗种子，扎根在我的心里。A. romance浪漫史；B. seed种子；C. secret秘密；D. shadow阴影。根据后文“that rooted in my heart”可知，诗歌比喻成种子，扎根在了作者心里。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我有可能成为一名作家，从那一刻起，这就是我决心要做的一切。A. hesitated犹豫；B. resolved决定；C. declined拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据后文“So I changed my field of study to English.(所以我把我的研究领域改为英语)”可知，作者决心成为作家。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我就发表了我的第一部短篇小说。A. bought购买；B. borrowed借来；C. priced定价；D. published发表。根据后文“my first short stories”以及“I went on to write my first novel”可知，作者发表了第一部短篇小说，接着写了小说。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我接着写了我的第一部小说《翻译中的女孩》，成为国际畅销书，并在世界各地的学校里教授。A. gap缺口；B. effort努力；C. challenge挑战；D. bestseller畅销书。根据后文“and is taught in schools around the world”可知，作者的小说成了畅销书，在世界各地的学校里教授。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我明白了艺术不是奢侈品。A. necessity必需品；B. luxury奢侈品；C. game游戏；D. reality现实。呼应上文“have unrealistic dreams”指作者一开始认为艺术是不切实际的梦想，即奢侈品。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我曾经认为移民们没有创造力，但我当时明白，我们一直都是终极艺术家，在努力适应新环境的过程中，我们一次又一次地重塑自己。A. practical实际的；B. reliable可靠的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. creative创造性的。根据后文“I understood then that we had always been the ultimate artists”以及常识，成为艺术家需要要有创造力。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我曾经认为移民们没有创造力，但我当时明白，我们一直都是终极艺术家，在努力适应新环境的过程中，我们一次又一次地重塑自己。A. rescuing营救；B. recreating重塑，再创造；C. recovering恢复；D. relaxing放松。根据后文“ourselves again and again as we try to adapt to a new landscape”可知，适应新的环境的过程中，人们需要一次又一次地重塑自己。故选B。 第二节 单词填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)根据所给词的适当形式或者根据提示填空。 36. In both cases, potential problems should ________ (identify), and the relative probability and impact of each risk should be estimated. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be identified 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：在这两种情况下，都应该找出潜在的问题，并评估每种风险的相对概率和影响。分析句子结构可知，主语potential problems与谓语动词identify之间为被动关系，情态动词should后接动词原形，应用be identified，符合语境。故填be identified。 37. High-quality products of the civil company have earned a high reputation ________ (domestic) and will export globally soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】domestically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：民用公司的高质量产品在国内赢得了很高的声誉，并将很快出口到全球。修饰整个句子用副词domestically作状语，故填domestically。 38. Employing his ________ (conventional) methods, he has inspired students more deeply than anyone else. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unconventional 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：凭借其独特的教学方法，他比任何其他人都更能深刻地激发学生的兴趣。修饰名词methods，且表示“独特的”用形容词unconventional，作定语。故填unconventional。 39. We should avoid ________ (consumption) by negative emotions like anger and anxiety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being consumed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该避免被愤怒、焦虑等负面情绪所消耗。分析句子结构可知，avoid后接动名词，且此处表示被动含义，应用being consumed，在句中作宾语，符合语境。故填being consumed。 40. I ________ (wrestle) with the tough maths problem for hours, but I haven’t worked it out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been wrestling 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我已经苦苦钻研这道很难的数学题好几个小时了，但还是没解出来。根据for hours和I haven’t worked it out可知，此处表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，并将持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have been wrestling。 41. When you come to my home at this time tomorrow, I ________ (bury) myself in playing video games. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be burying 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天这个时候你到我家来，我将正在专注地玩电子游戏。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和从句中at this time tomorrow可知，此处指将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故填will be burying。 42. ________ (initial) are the capital letters that begin each word of a name. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Initials 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：Initials（首字母）是一个名字中每个单词开头的大写字母。根据后文are可知主语为复数，首字母大写。故填Initials。 43. Engaging in physical activity for 15 minutes remains ________ (superiority) to complete inactivity. (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】superior 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：进行15分钟的体育活动仍然优于完全不运动。根据空前的“remains”可知，空处需填形容词作表语，superiority的形容词形式是superior“优越的，更好的”。故填superior。 44. Despite original doubts, the thorough ________ (analyze) have ultimately revealed that my approach is correct. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】analyses 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：尽管最初存在疑虑，但详尽的分析最终表明我的方法是正确的。thorough是形容词，其后需接名词，analyze是动词，其名词形式为analysis。由句中have可知，主语应为复数形式，analysis的复数是analyses，在句中作主语。故填analyses。 45. Some schools will have to make ________ (adjust) to the declining birth rate in our country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adjustments 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些学校将不得不针对我国出生率下降的情况作出调整。空处作动词make的宾语，提示词的名词形式adjustment“调整”符合题意，为可数名词，make adjustments“作出调整”是常用搭配。故填adjustments。 46. With academic pressure accumulating, students with a wide range of mental problems already ________ (arise). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have arisen 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：随着学业压力不断累积，已经出现了一大批存在各类心理问题学生。空处作谓语，结合语境和时间状语already可知，此处指过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语students是复数，助动词用have。故填have arisen。 47. Such courses ________ (关系词) are recommended by Mr. Smith are optional for us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生推荐的这类课程对我们来说是选修课。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词courses被such修饰，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词as作引导词。故填as。 48. With the development of Chinese rural tourism, some problems arises which will affect the _________ (sustain) development. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sustainable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着中国乡村旅游的发展，一些问题出现了，这些问题将影响其可持续发展。空格处需要填入形容词修饰名词development，所给词sustain的形容词形式是sustainable，表示“可持续的”，作定语修饰development符合句意。故填sustainable。 49. To their disappointment, the snow ________ (tackle) on campus before the kids had a snowball fight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been tackled 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：令他们失望的是，孩子们打雪仗之前，校园里的雪就已经被清理干净了。分析句子结构可知，此空考查谓语动词，主语snow与tackle之间为被动关系，且动作发生在had a snowball fight之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时的被动语态had been tackled，符合语境。故填had been tackled。 50. Compared with the temperature in the downtown area, the temperature in the ________ (suburb) area is lower. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】suburban 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与市区的气温相比，郊区的气温更低。空处修饰名词area，提示词的形容词形式suburban“郊区的”符合题意。故填suburban。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，最近收到好友Ben来信，信中说他因为使用人工智能完成作业而受到老师批评。请你写一封回信，内容包括： （1）对使用人工智能完成作业的看法； （2）你的建议。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Ben, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ben, Sorry to hear that you were criticized by your teacher for using AI to complete your homework, I’m writing to share my thoughts on this matter and offer some advice. From my perspective, while AI brings much convenience, relying on it for homework isn’t appropriate. Therefore, I advise you to complete your homework independently. Moreover, if you encounter difficulties, you are supposed to seek help from teachers or classmates. Do bear in mind that the process of overcoming challenges is where real learning happens. I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. I am looking forward to hearing your progress soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Ben回信，说明对使用人工智能完成作业的看法以及你的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 完成：complete→finish 使用：use→utilize 有帮助：be of some help→helpful 记住：bear in mind→remember 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Therefore, I advise you to complete your homework independently. 拓展句：Therefore, I advise that you should complete your homework independently. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Sorry to hear that you were criticized by your teacher for using AI to complete your homework, I’m writing to share my thoughts on this matter and offer some advice. (运用了that引导宾语从句和动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] Moreover, if you encounter difficulties, you are supposed to seek help from teachers or classmates. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Thanksgiving for the Soul Working as a primary teacher in Pompton Lakes Primary School New Jersey, I particularly believed in cultivating love in children from an early age. I wanted children to experience that it’s more blessed to give than to receive. I wanted them to understand that love of society and love of life is not just lip service; that people somehow have to make it come alive. I hoped they could experience a sense of their own power to make a difference. There was a rural area nearby where a lot of aged people lived in solitude (孤独). They either had no family or their children had left to work in big cities. Most of them lived on government aid to keep body and soul together. An agency, which was in charge of the elder people in this region, had once told me about a needy grandmother, Mrs. Wilson, who had lived alone for many years. I had always desired to do something for her. So I came up with the Thanksgiving plan. In October, I told the eight-year-olds in my class about my plan. “I’d like all of you to do extra jobs around the house to earn some money,” I said. “Then we’ll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for a needy grandma who might not have a nice dinner otherwise.” Early in Thanksgiving week, the boys and girls arrived in class clutching (紧握) their hard-earned money. They had cleared rubbish, set tables, washed dishes, helped with younger siblings. And now they couldn’t wait to go shopping. I watched while they ran up and down the supermarket aisles (货架通道). At last we headed toward the checkout, pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the trimmings (配料). Then someone spotted a “necessity”—flowers, which caught their attention. All kids ran toward the holiday flowers, with one proposing, “Flowers! We can buy her a bunch of flowers!” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Flowers may not be as practical as food.” I said. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With a food box and a bunch of flowers, we finally arrived at Mrs. Wilson’s home. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “Flowers may not be as practical as food.” I said. “Food will feed her for the day, but flowers will delight her for days or longer.” one of them insisted. Looking at the bunches of blooming flowers neatly arranged there, sweet scent filling the air, I changed my mind. With my consent, the kids rushed forward, chose a bunch of beautiful purple flowers, and carefully placed it into the cart. Soon we jumped into the car and drove toward Mrs. Wilson’s home. The little ones talked and giggled on the way, unable to hold back their excitement. With a food box and a bunch of flowers, we finally arrived at Mrs. Wilson’s home. Mrs. Wilson, a little woman with a weary face, came to the door to welcome us. With great hospitality, she led us into her house. Her mouth was widened with great joy as we carried the food box in. When one kid sent her the sweet flowers, she simply couldn’t conceal her excitement, tears glittering in her eyes. Holding the flowers to her nose, she seemed to regain her youth and vigor. At that moment, the kids had found the power they possessed to make another life better. Sometimes a bunch of flowers could nourish another soul on a dark November day. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了“我”在一所小学教书，一直以来“我”都希望从小培养孩子们的爱心，希望他们体验到给予的快乐。学校附近有个孤寡老人社区，“我”一直很想帮助社区里的独居老人Mrs. Wilson。感恩节来临之前，“我”让孩子们回家通过做家务挣些钱，到感恩节时为Mrs. Wilson买感恩节的晚餐。感恩节前，孩子们存够了钱，跟“我”一起去超市购买感恩节的晚餐的食材。“我”和孩子们为Mrs. Wilson送了一束鲜花来慰藉她的灵魂。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““鲜花可能不如食物实用。”我说。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们说服作者购买鲜花送给Mrs. Wilson并选购鲜花。 ②由第二段首句内容“带着一个食品盒和一束花，我们终于到达了Mrs. Wilson的家。”可知，第二段可描写作者和孩子们给Mrs. Wilson送感恩节食材和鲜花的过程。 2.续写线索：说服——选购——开车——送礼物——喜悦感激——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①挑选：choose /select/pick out ②带领：lead/guide ③隐藏：conceal /hide 情绪类 ①使高兴：delight /please ②激动：excitement /thrill 【点睛】 [高分句型1] Looking at the bunches of blooming flowers neatly arranged there, sweet scent filling the air, I changed my mind.（运用了现在分词作状语以及独立主格结构） [高分句型2] With my consent, the kids rushed forward, chose a bunch of beautiful purple flowers, and carefully placed it into the cart.（运用了三个并列谓语动词） [高分句型3] When one kid sent her the sweet flowers, she simply couldn’t conceal her excitement, tears glittering in her eyes.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句以及独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $