Starter Section 4 & Section 5语法讲解及习题2025-2026学年北师大版七年级英语上册

北师大版英语七上Starter Section 4 & Section 5 语法讲解及习题 一、语法核心内容 （一）基数词（Section 4） 1. 定义：基数词用于表示数量，是英语中最基础的数字表达。 2. 核心规律与分类 1–12：无规律，需单独记忆 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 例句：I have twelve crayons.（我有12支蜡笔。） 13–19：以 -teen 结尾 规律：在3–9的基数词后加后缀 -teen，注意拼写变化： three → thirteen four → fourteen five → fifteen six → sixteen seven → seventeen eight → eighteen nine → nineteen 例句：She is thirteen years old.（她13岁。） 例句：There are nineteen boys in my class.（我们班有19个男生。） 20–90（整十数）：以 -ty 结尾 规律：在2–9的基数词后加后缀 -ty，注意拼写变化： two → twenty three → thirty four → forty（注意拼写，不是fourty） five → fifty six → sixty seven → seventy eight → eighty nine → ninety 例句：My father is forty years old.（我爸爸40岁。） 例句：There are sixty minutes in an hour.（一小时有60分钟。） 21–99：“整十数 + 连字符 + 个位数” 规律：整十数和个位数之间用连字符“-”连接。 21 → twenty-one 25 → twenty-five 36 → thirty-six 48 → forty-eight 99 → ninety-nine 例句：The speed limit is twenty-five.（限速25。） 例句：My house number is thirty-six.（我的门牌号是36。） 100及以上 100 → one hundred 101 → one hundred and one 1000 → one thousand 例句：There are one hundred students in our grade.（我们年级有100名学生。） （二）人称代词（主格）与物主限定词（Section 5） 1. 定义 a. 人称代词（主格）：在句子中作主语，用来指代人或事物。 b. 物主限定词：用来表示所属关系，后面必须接名词。 2. 对应关系表 人称代词 （主格） 物主限定词 例句 I my I am Jenny. This is my brother. you your You are my friend. Is this your pen? he his He is Tom. His favourite sport is basketball. she her She is my aunt. Her classes are interesting. it its It is a dog. Its name is Lucky. we our We are classmates. Our teacher is Miss Woods. they their They are my brothers. Their names are John and Jeff. 3. 详细讲解与例句 例句1：I am Jenny. These are my brothers. Their names are John and Jeff. 解析：I 是第一人称主格，作主语；my 是第一人称物主限定词，修饰 brothers；their 是第三人称复数物主限定词，修饰 names。 例句2：This is my cousin Tom. He is from England. His favourite sport is basketball. 解析：He 是第三人称单数主格，指代Tom；His 是第三人称单数物主限定词，修饰 favourite sport。 例句3：A: Is the woman in the photo your mum? B: No, she is my aunt. She is also my teacher. I like her classes. 解析：your 是第二人称物主限定词，修饰 mum；she 是第三人称单数主格，指代the woman；her 是第三人称单数物主限定词，修饰 classes。 二、分层练习题 （一）写出下列基数词的英文表达 1. 16 _____________________ 2. 17 _____________________ 3. 18 _____________________ 4. 19 _____________________ 5. 60 _____________________ 6. 70 _____________________ 7. 80 _____________________ 8. 40 _____________________ 9. 25 _____________________ 10. 36 _____________________ （二）根据提示完成句子 1. The speed limit is __________ (25). 2. My house number is __________ (36). 3. The fire alarm telephone number is __________ (119). 4. I am __________ (13) years old. 5. There are __________ (20) students in my class. （三）用正确的人称代词或物主限定词填空 1. __________ am Ben. This is __________ family. 2. Jenny is my friend. __________ is from Canada. __________ favourite subject is English. 3. Look at the two boys. __________ are my brothers. __________ names are John and Jeff. 4. We are in Class 2. __________ teacher is Miss Woods. 5. A: Is this __________ ruler? B: No, it isn't. __________ is blue. 6. Tom is my cousin. __________ likes sports. __________ favourite sport is basketball. 7. The woman in the photo is __________ aunt. __________ is also my teacher. I like __________ classes. 8. This is a dog. __________ name is Lucky. 9. You and I are classmates. __________ are good friends. 10. __________ is a nice book. __________ cover is red. （四）单项选择 1. —What's __________ name? —My name is Alice. A. you B. your C. yours 2. __________ am a student. __________ favourite subject is Maths. A. I; My B. My; I C. I; I 3. This is Tom. __________ is from England. __________ favourite sport is football. A. He; His B. His; He C. He; He 4. Look at the girls. __________ are my sisters. __________ names are Lily and Lucy. A. They; Their B. Their; They C. They; They 5. We are in Class 1. __________ teacher is Mr Li. A. Our B. We C. Ours 6. —Is this __________ pen? —No, it's __________ pen. A. you; he B. your; his C. yours; him 7. The dog is very cute. __________ name is Coco. A. It B. Its C. It's 8. A: Is the man your father? B: No, __________ is my uncle. A. he B. his C. him 9. I have a big family. __________ love __________ family very much. A. I; my B. My; I C. I; me 10. __________ are good friends. We often play together. A. We B. Our C. Us 三、答案与解析 （一）写出下列基数词的英文表达 1. sixteen 2. seventeen 3. eighteen 4. nineteen 5. sixty 6. seventy 7. eighty 8. forty 9. twenty-five 10. thirty-six 解析：13–19以-teen结尾，整十数以-ty结尾，21–99由整十数和个位数用连字符连接。 （二）根据提示完成句子 1. twenty-five 2. thirty-six 3. one one nine 4. thirteen 5. twenty 解析：根据基数词的英文表达规则填写，电话号码逐个读出数字。 （三）用正确的人称代词或物主限定词填空 1. I; my 2. She; Her 3. They; Their 4. Our 5. your; Mine 6. He; His 7. my; She; her 8. Its 9. We 10. It; Its 解析：人称代词主格作主语，物主限定词后接名词表示所属关系。 （四）单项选择 1. B 解析：name前用物主限定词your。 2. A 解析：第一空作主语用I，第二空修饰subject用My。 3. A 解析：第一空作主语用He，第二空修饰sport用His。 4. A 解析：第一空作主语用They，第二空修饰names用Their。 5. A 解析：修饰teacher用物主限定词Our。 6. B 解析：两个空都修饰名词，用物主限定词your和his。 7. B 解析：修饰name用物主限定词Its。 8. A 解析：作主语用人称代词主格he。 9. A 解析：第一空作主语用I，第二空修饰family用my。 10. A 解析：作主语用人称代词主格We。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $