Unit 8 We're trying to save the earth-2025-2026学年九年级全一册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（鲁教版）

9年级全一册鲁教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit8】We're trying to save the earth! 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 litter/lta(r)/n.垃圾：废弃物v.塑料：塑料制品 的：科学上的 乱扔垃圾 cruel/kau:al/ad.残酷的：残忍afford /a'fo:dv.买得起；承担 fisherman/'fifeman/n.渔民：渔的 得起：提供 夫 harmful/'ha:mfal/adj.有害的；president/'prezidant/n.总统： advantage/ad'va:ntd3yn.有利致伤的 董事长：校长 条件：优势：好处 industry/'ndastri/n.工业；产medal/'med/n.奖牌；奖章 wooden/wodn/adj.木制的：木业；行业 recycle/,i:'saikl/v.回收利用： 头的 law1o/n.法律：法规：规律 再循环 plastic/'plaestk/adj..塑料的n.scientific/,san'tfik/ad.科学 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.harmful/ha:mfal/ad.有害的：致伤 动词形式：ham 反义词：harmless(无害的) 构词解析：后缀-ful:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”充满.的；具有..性质的”；-less表”无… 的”（反义后缀）。 同类词：helpful(有帮助的)、careless(粗心的) 例句：Smoking is harmful to your health 真题链接（鲁教版九年级同步练习）：Plastic bags are (ham)to the environment..(答案：harmful) 2.wooden/'wodn/adj.木制的；木头的 名词形式：wood 构词解析：后缀-：加在名词后，构成形容词，表”由制成的；具有性质的”。 同类词：golden(金色的)、woolen(羊毛的) 例句：The old man lives in a small wooden house 真题链接（鲁教版九年级教材例句）：The desk is made of wooden materials. 3.scientific/,saIm'tfik/adj.科学的；科学上的 名词形式：science 9年级全一册鲁教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 副词形式：scientifically 构词解析：后缀-ific:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”与.有关的：具有…性质的”；y构成副 词。 例句：We need to take a scientific approach to solve the problem. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级同步练习）：The_(science)research has made great progress..(答案： scientific) 4.recycle/,i:'sak/v.回收利用；再循环 名词形式：recycling 构词解析：前缀re-:表再次、重复”；词根cycle(循环)。 同类词：reuse(再利用)、rewrite(重写) 例句：We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the environment. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级教材例句）：It's important to recycle paper and save trees, 5.plastic/'plaestrk/adj..塑料的n.塑料；塑料制品 名词复数：plastics(塑料制品，常用复数) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，属于独立词根词汇，可作形容词和名词。 例句：We should reduce the use of plastic bags. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级同步练习)：These _(plastic)containers can be recycled.(答案：plastic) 6.fisherman/femn/n.渔民；渔夫 复数形式：fishermen 构词解析：词根fisher(捕鱼者)+后缀-man(表示”人”)，复数将-man变为-men。 同类词：policeman(警察)→policemen 例句：The fisherman caught a big fish this morning. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级教材例句)：Many fishermen make a living by fishing in the sea. 7.advantage/hd'va:ntId3yn.有利条件：优势；好处 反义词：disadvantage(劣势) 构词解析：前缀ad.(表”朝向”)+词根vantage(优势)：反义词前缀dis-(表”否定”)。 例句：His experience gives him an advantage over other candidates. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级同步练习)：The main_(advantage)of this plan is that it's too expensive.. (答案：disadvantage) 8.president/'prezidant/n.总统：董事长；校长 形容词形式：presidential（总统的：校长的) 构词解析：后缀-ent:加在动词后构成名词，表”人”；-ial构成形容词。 例句：The president will give a speech on TV tonight. 真题链接(（鲁教版九年级同步练习)：The_(president)visit to our school inspired many students. (答案：presidential) 9.nedal/'med/n.奖牌；奖章 2 9年级全一册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 动词形式：medal(赢得奖牌，较少用) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，属于独立词根词汇，可作名词和动词。 例句：She won a gold medal in the Olympic Games. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级教材例句）：The athlete was proud of his bronze medal,. 10.1aw1/n.法律；法规；规律 形容词形式：legal(法律的；合法的) 反义词：illegal(非法的》 构词解析：后缀-l:构成形容词：前缀i(表”否定”，用于1开头的词根前)。 例句：Everyone should follow the law. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级同步练习)：It's (legal)to drive without a license.(答案：illegal) 11.afford/a'f:dv.买得起：承担得起；提供 形容词形式：affordable（负担得起的) 构词解析：前缀af(表”加强”)+词根ford(提供)；后缀-able构成形容词，表”可的”。 例句：Ican't afford to buy a new car now. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级同步练习）：This kind of mobile phone is (afford)for most students. (答案：affordable) l2.industry/'mdastri/n.工业；产业：行y业 形容词形式：industrial(工业的) 构词解析：后缀-l:加在名词后构成形容词，表”与.有关的”。 例句：The country's industry has developed rapidly. 真题链接（鲁教版九年级教材例句)：Industrial pollution is a serious problem in this area.. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We should follow the (法律)to protect the environment. 2.The company is working on new (products that are easier to recycle. 3.His()in the competition was his rich experience. 4.The government has passed a new_(工y业的policy to reduce pollution. (回收利用)paper is a good way to save trees. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Smoking is (harm)to your health. 9年级全一册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.The (science)research team found a new way to treat the disease. 3.These (wood)chairs are made from recycled materials. 4.We need to take a(scientific)approach to solve the problem. 5.It's important to (recycle)plastic bottles to reduce waste. 6.The (fisherman)caught a lot of fish in the river yesterday. 7.The new law makes it (legal)to throw rubbish into the sea 8.This mobile phone is (afford)for most students. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们应该回收利用报纸和塑料瓶。 We shouldold newspapers and plastic bottles 2.塑料对环境有害，所以我们要减少使用。 Plastic is the environment,so we should use less of it. 3.这项科学研究取得了重大突破。 The has made a great breakthrough. 4.他买不起这么贵的电脑。 He can't buy such an expensive computer. 5.木制家具比塑料家具更环保。 furniture is more environmentally friendly than furniture. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 9年级全一册鲁教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 Environmental protection is important for everyone.We should start with small things in daily life For example,we can (recycle)plastic bottles and paper to save resources.However,some people still use too many(plastic)bags,which are(harm)to the environment. Scientists have done a lot of (science)research on this problem.They suggest using (wood)products instead of plastic ones when possible.Also,the government should make (law)to limit the use of single-use plastics. Fishermen near the sea have noticed that the number of fish is decreasing because of plastic pollu- tion.They now support(recycle)programs to protect the ocean.Remember,everyone can do something to make a difference. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.law 2.plastic 3.advantage 4.industrial 5.Recycling Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.harmful 2.scientific 3.wooden 4.scientific 5.recycle 6.fishermen 7.illegal 8.affordable L.完成句子 1.recycle 2.harmful to 3.scientific research 4.afford to 5.Wooden;plastic V语篇填空 1.recycle 2.plastic 3.harmful 4.scientific 5.wooden 6.laws 7.recycling 5