Unit 4 Natural disasters-2025-2026学年九年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（沪教版）

9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters Unit 4 Natural disasters 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 *asteroid/'estaroId/n.小行星 注视 被注意 *typhoon /ta'fn/n.台风 screen/skri:n/n.屏幕；荧光屏 stare at盯着看：凝视；注视 *earthquake/'3:kwerk/n.地震notice/'nautIs/v.看（或听）到；in surprise惊讶地 melt /melt/v.(使)熔化；（使）注意到：意识到 for now暂时 融化 awake /a'weik/V.(awoke,awo-survival kit救生包（装有食物、 flood/flAd/v.(使)灌满水：淹ken)(使)醒来 医疗用品和工具) 没 immediately /mi:diti/adv.立be)dying to(do sth,)渴望（做 bady'bedi/adv.严重地：厉即：马上：即刻 某事)：极想（做某事） 害地 missing/'mIsI)/adj.失踪的 check in(at)(在旅馆、机场等) alive /a'larv/adj.活着；在世 fellow/fela/adj.同类的：同伴登记；报到 pool/pu/n.水坑：水塘 的 can't wait (to do sth.)迫不及待 object/,'obd3kt/n.物体；物品 stress/stres/n.精神压力：紧张 想（做某事） coach /kaut∫/n.长途汽车 natur al disaster自然灾害 to be honest说实在的 pass/pasv.通过 pass by经过；路过 fall over跌倒：摔倒；被…绊 line1an/n.电话线路 stick with持续；坚持 倒 dead/ded/adj.(因为缺电)不sit around无所事事地消磨时keep one's balance保持平衡 运行的：不转动的 间：闲坐 build up建立 boss/bDs/n.老板 have no time to do不愿为 deaf/def/adj..聋的 花时间：没有时间做… stare/stea(r)/v.盯着看：凝视：fall on deaf ears不被理睬；不 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.earthquake/'3:θkweik/n.地震 词汇变形 构词解析 合成词：earth(地球)+quake(震动)，指“地球的震动”。 同类词 snowstorm（暴风雪)、raincoat(雨衣) 例句 9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters A strong earthquake hit the area last night,causing many buildings to fall. 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习) People in the city were woken up by the (eath)shaking.（答案：earthquake) 2.1 ood /flad/v.(使)灌满水：淹没：n.洪水 词汇变形 形容词形式：flooded(被淹没的) 构词解析 名词、动词同形，形容词加后缀-ed表“被…的”。 例句 Heavy rain flooded the streets,and cars could not pass through 真题链接（沪教版九年级教材例句） After the flood,many people had to leave their homes. 3.bady/'bedi/adv.严重地：厉害地 词汇变形 形容词形式：bad 比较级：worse 最高级：worst 构词解析 形容词bad加后缀y构成副词，不规则变化。 例句 The house was badly damaged in the storm. 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） He did _(bad)in the exam than last time.(答案：worse) 4.alive /a'larv/adj.活着；在世 词汇变形 近义词：living(活着的)；反义词：dead(死的)》 构词解析 前缀a-表“在…状态”，词根live（生活)。 例句 Luckily,all the people were still alive after the accident. 真题链接（沪教版九年级教材例句） The doctor tried his best to keep the patient alive 5.object/'Dbd3kt/n.物体；物品：b'd3ekt/v.反对 词汇变形 动词形式：object(反对)：名词形式：objection(反对意见) 构词解析 前缀ob-表“相反”，词根ject(投掷)，“投掷相反的东西”即“反对”。 例句 9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters He stood up and objected to the plan at the meeting. 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） No one raised any (object)to the new rule.(答案：objection) 6.deaf/def/adj.聋的 词汇变形 名词形式：deafness(聋：听力障碍) 构词解析 后缀-ness加在形容词后构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 同类词 illness(疾病)、happiness(幸福) 例句 She uses sign language because ofher deafness. 真题链接（沪教版九年级教材例句） The old man is deaf,so he can't hear what you say 7.notice/nautis/v.注意到；n.通知 词汇变形 形容词形式：noticeable(显而易见的) 构词解析 动词notice加后缀-able构成形容词，表“可…的”。 例句 Did you notice the sign on the wall? 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） There is a__(otice)on the door saying“No Smoking”.(答案：notice) 8.immediately'mi:diatli/adv.立即；马上 词汇变形 形容词形式：immediate(立即的：直接的) 构词解析 形容词immediate加后缀-y构成副词，前缀im-表“无”，nediate(中间的)，“无中间过程的”即 “立即的”。 例句 Please call me immediately when you arrive. 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） We need an (immediately)reply to this email.(答案：immediate) 9.missing/msm/adj.失踪的；缺失的 词汇变形 动词形式：miss（想念：丢失) 名词形式：loss(损失；丢失) 构词解析 9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters 动词miss加后缀-ing构成形容词，表“处于…状态”。 例句 The police are still looking for the missing child. 真题链接（沪教版九年级教材例句) Two pages are missing from the book. 10.stress/stres/n.精神压力；紧张；V.强调 词汇变形 形容词形式：stressful(充满压力的)：stressed(感到有压力的) 构词解析 动词、名词同形，形容词加后缀fl（充满…的)和-ed(感到…的)。 例句 Studying for exams can be very stressful for students 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） She felt (stress)before the final exam.(答案：stressed) 11.natural/'naetra/adj.自然的（出自短语natural disaster) 词汇变形 名词形式：nature(自然) 构词解析 名词nature加后缀-al构成形容词，表“…的”。 同类词 national(国家的)、cultural(文化的) 例句 Natural disasters like typhoons and earthquakes often cause great damage. 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） It is (nature)for a mother to love her child.(答案：natural) l2.survival/s3'varvl/n.生存（出自短语survival kit) 词汇变形 动词形式：survive(生存：存活) 构词解析 动词survive去e加后缀-al构成名词，表“动作、状态”。 例句 The survival kit includes food,water and first-aid supplies. 真题链接（沪教版九年级教材例句） After the plane crash,only three people survived. 13.balance/'baelans/n.平衡（出自短语keep one's balance) 词汇变形 动词形式：balance(平衡)：形容词形式：balanced(平衡的) 构词解析 4 9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters 名词、动词同形，形容词加后缀-d表“处于平衡状态的”。 例句 You need to balance work and rest to stay healthy. 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） Eating a_ (balance)diet is important for good health.(答案：balanced) 14.build /bild/v.建立（出自短语build up) 词汇变形 名词形式：building(建筑物)：过去式/过去分词：built 构词解析 动词build加后缀-ing构成名词，表“产物”。 例句 We need to build up our confidence before the competition 真题链接（沪教版九年级同步练习） They (build)a new school in the village last year.(答案：built) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.A strong (hit the area last night,causing many buildings to fall. 2.After the (洪水)，many people had to leave their homes. 3.The doctor tried his best to keep the patient_(话着的). 4.There is a_ (通知)on the door saying“No Smoking”. 5.The police are still looking for the(失踪的)child, 6.Natural (like typhoons and earthquakes often cause great damage. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He did (bad)in the exam than last time. 2.No one raised any (object)to the new rule 3.She uses sign language because of her(deaf). 4.We need an (immediately)reply to this email. 5.She felt (stress)before the final exam. 6.Itis (nature)for a mother to love her child. 5 9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters 7.Eating a (balance)diet is important for good health. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这座房子在暴风雨中受损严重。 The house was in the storm. 2.他站起来反对这个计划。 He stood up and the plan. 3.请你一到就立刻给我打电话。 Please call me when you arrive. 4.这本书缺了两页。 Two pages are the book. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A terrible earthquake hit a small town last week.Many houses were (bad)damaged,and some even fell down.After the earthquake,people found that several children were (miss). The police started searching for them(immediate). In the rescue,a doctor tried to keep a seriously injured girl (live).He said,"As long as there is hope,we will not give up."Some volunteers brought (survive)kits with food and wa- ter.Alocal man (object)to moving to a shelter at first,but later agreed when he saw the danger. Luckily,all the missing children were found(live)after three days.People felt (stress) during the rescue,but everyone worked together.The experience taught them the importance of (balance)safety and hope in a disaster 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.earthquake 2.flood 3.alive 4.notice 5.missing 6.disasters Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.worse 2.objection 3.deafness 4.immediate 5.stressed 6.natural 7.balanced 6 9年级下册沪教版 【Unit4】 Natural disasters II.完成句子 1.badly damaged 2.objected to 3.immediately 4.missing from V,语篇填空 1.badly 2.missing 3.immediately 4.alive 5.survival 6.objected 7.alive 8 stressed 9.balancing 7